53257: use monotonic clock where appropriate

update the following features to use the monotonic clock for calculating time
deltas and intervals:

* MAILCHECK parameter
* PERIOD parameter
* SECONDS parameter
* %(nS.t.f) prompt-expansion sequence
* time built-in's elapsed time and cpu % values
* zsh/zftp ZFTP_TMOUT parameter
* zsh/zprof timings

also use CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW instead of CLOCK_MONOTONIC on macOS

Test/A08time.ztst

@@ -11,9 +11,44 @@
   (time cat) >&/dev/null
 0:`time' keyword (status only)
 
-  ( TIMEFMT='%E %mE %uE %* %m%mm %u%uu'; time (:) )
+  ( TIMEFMT='%E %mE %uE %nE %* %m%mm %u%uu %n%nn'; time (:) )
 0:`time' keyword with custom TIMEFMT
-*?[0-9]##.[0-9](#c2)s [0-9]##ms [0-9]##us %\* %m%mm %u%uu
+*?[0-9]##.[0-9](#c2)s [0-9]##ms [0-9]##us [0-9]##ns %\* %m%mm %u%uu %n%nn
+
+  ( TIMEFMT='x %U %S %E'; time (:) )
+0:TIMEFMT %[USE] use centisecond precision
+*?x( <0-9>.<00-99>s)(#c3)
+
+  ( TIMEFMT='x %*U %*S %*E'; time (:) )
+0:TIMEFMT %*[USE] use millisecond precision
+*?x( <0-9>.<000-999>)(#c3)
+
+  ( TIMEFMT='%nU %nS'; time (read -k3 -t0.1) )
+1:TIMEFMT %nU and %nS are limited to microsecond precision
+*?[1-9][0-9]#000ns [1-9][0-9]#000ns
+
+# SECONDS (after - before) must be greater than the elapsed time, but not much
+# greater. 25% was picked arbitrarily as something that hopefully will prevent
+# the test from failing on slow machines
+  (
+    typeset -F SECONDS
+    TIMEFMT=%nE
+    a=$SECONDS
+    t=$( (time (read -k3 -t0.1)) 2>&1 )
+    b=$SECONDS
+    s=$(( b - a ))
+    t=$(( ${t%ns}.0 / 10**9 ))
+    echo $s $t $(( s > t )) $(( t > s - (s * 0.25) ))
+  )
+0:`time' elapsed time matches SECONDS
+*>[0-9.]## [0-9.]## 1 1
+
+# Again, the wide range here is an attempt to prevent this test from failing on
+# slow machines. We don't care about the exact time, just that it's vaguely sane
+# and that each representation has the same basis
+  ( TIMEFMT='%E %mE %uE %nE %*E'; time (read -k3 -t0.1) )
+1:TIMEFMT elapsed time values
+*?0.<10-50>s <10-500>ms <100000-500000>us <100000000-500000000>ns 0.<100-500>
 
   time x=1
 0:`time' simple assignment

Test/D01prompt.ztst

@@ -68,6 +68,13 @@
   print -P '%(?.true.false)'
 0:ternary prompt escapes
 >true
+>false
+
+  sec=$SECONDS
+  eval "print -P '%(${sec}S.true.false)'"
+  eval "print -P '%($((sec+30))S.true.false)'"
+0:ternary prompt escape with test character S
+>true
 >false
 
   print -P 'start %10<...<truncated at 10%<< Not truncated%3< ...<Not shown'

Test/D04parameter.ztst

@@ -1550,6 +1550,28 @@
 >1
 >1
 
+  # Integer
+  a=$SECONDS
+  sleep 1
+  b=$SECONDS
+  print -r - $a $b $(( b > a ))
+  # Float
+  typeset -F SECONDS
+  a=$SECONDS
+  repeat 10 :
+  b=$SECONDS
+  print -r - $a $b $(( b > a ))
+  # Assignment
+  a=$SECONDS
+  SECONDS=8888
+  repeat 10 :
+  b=$SECONDS
+  print -r - $(( a < 8888 )) $(( b > 8888 ))
+0:SECONDS
+*>[0-9]## [0-9]## 1
+*>[0-9]##.[0-9]## [0-9]##.[0-9]## 1
+*>1 1
+
   foo=("|" "?")
   [[ "|" = ${(j.|.)foo} ]] && print yes || print no
   [[ "|" = ${(j.|.)~foo} ]] && print yes || print no