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176 lines
4.9 KiB
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176 lines
4.9 KiB
Plaintext
COMMENT(!MOD!zsh/net/tcp
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Manipulation of TCP sockets
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!MOD!)
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The tt(zsh/net/tcp) module makes available one builtin command:
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startitem()
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findex(ztcp)
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cindex(TCP)
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cindex(sockets, TCP)
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item(tt(ztcp) [ tt(-acflLtv) ] [ tt(-d) var(fd) ] [ var(args) ])(
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tt(ztcp) is implemented as a builtin to allow full use of shell
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command line editing, file I/O, and job control mechanisms.
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If tt(ztcp) is run with no options, it will output
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the contents of its session table.
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If it is run with only the option tt(-L), it will output the contents of
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the session table in a format suitable for automatic parsing. The option
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is ignored if given with a command to open or close a session. The output
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consists of a set of lines, one per session, each containing the following
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elements separated by spaces:
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startitem()
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item(File descriptor)(
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The file descriptor in use for the connection. For normal inbound (tt(I))
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and outbound (tt(O)) connections this may be read and written by the usual
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shell mechanisms. However, it should only be close with `tt(ztcp -c)'.
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)
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item(Connection type)(
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A letter indicating how the session was created:
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startitem()
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item(tt(Z))(
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A session created with the tt(zftp) command.
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)
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item(tt(L))(
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A connection opened for listening with `tt(ztcp -l)'.
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)
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item(tt(I))(
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An inbound connection accepted with `tt(ztcp -a)'.
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)
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item(tt(O))(
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An outbound connection created with `tt(ztcp) var(host) var(...)'.
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)
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enditem()
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)
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item(The local host)(
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This is usually set to an all-zero IP address as the address of the
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localhost is irrelevant.
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)
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item(The local port)(
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This is likely to be zero unless the connection is for listening.
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)
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item(The remote host)(
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This is the fully qualified domain name of the peer, if available, else an
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IP address. It is an all-zero IP address for a session opened for
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listening.
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)
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item(The remote port)(
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This is zero for a connection opened for listening.
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)
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enditem()
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)
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enditem()
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subsect(Outbound Connections)
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cindex(sockets, outbound TCP)
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startitem()
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item(tt(ztcp) [ tt(-v) ] [ tt(-d) var(fd) ] var(host) [ var(port) ])(
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Open a new TCP connection to var(host). If the var(port) is
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omitted, it will default to port 23. The connection will
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be added to the session table and the shell parameter
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tt(REPLY) will be set to the file descriptor associated
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with that connection.
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If tt(-d) is specified, its argument will be taken as the target file
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descriptor for the connection.
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In order to elicit more verbose output, use tt(-v).
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)
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enditem()
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subsect(Inbound Connections)
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cindex(sockets, inbound TCP)
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startitem()
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item(tt(ztcp) tt(-l) [ tt(-v) ] [ tt(-d) var(fd) ] var(port))(
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tt(ztcp -l) will open a socket listening on TCP
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var(port). The socket will be added to the
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session table and the shell parameter tt(REPLY)
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will be set to the file descriptor associated
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with that listener.
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If tt(-d) is specified, its argument will be taken as the target file
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descriptor for the connection.
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In order to elicit more verbose output, use tt(-v).
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)
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item(tt(ztcp) tt(-a) [ tt(-tv) ] [ tt(-d) var(targetfd) ] var(listenfd))(
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tt(ztcp -a) will accept an incoming connection
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to the port associated with var(listenfd).
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The connection will be added to the session
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table and the shell parameter tt(REPLY) will
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be set to the file descriptor associated with
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the inbound connection.
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If tt(-d) is specified, its argument
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will be taken as the target file descriptor for the
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connection.
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If tt(-t) is specified, tt(ztcp) will return
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if no incoming connection is pending. Otherwise
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it will wait for one.
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In order to elicit more verbose output, use tt(-v).
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)
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enditem()
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subsect(Closing Connections)
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cindex(sockets, closing TCP)
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startitem()
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xitem(tt(ztcp) tt(-cf) [ tt(-v) ] [ var(fd) ])
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item(tt(ztcp) tt(-c) [ tt(-v) ] [ var(fd) ])(
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tt(ztcp -c) will close the socket associated
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with var(fd). The socket will be removed from the
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session table. If var(fd) is not specified,
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tt(ztcp) will close everything in the session table.
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Normally, sockets registered by zftp (see
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ifzman(\
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zmanref(zshmodules)
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)\
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ifnzman(\
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noderef(The zsh/zftp Module)
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)) cannot be closed this way. In order
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to force such a socket closed, use tt(-f).
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In order to elicit more verbose output, use tt(-v).
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)
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enditem()
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subsect(Example)
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cindex(TCP, example)
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Here is how to create a TCP connection between two instances of zsh. We
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need to pick an unassigned port; here we use the randomly chosen 5123.
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On tt(host1),
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example(zmodload zsh/net/tcp
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ztcp -l 5123
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listenfd=$REPLY
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ztcp -a $listenfd
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fd=$REPLY)
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The second from last command blocks until there is an incoming connection.
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Now create a connection from tt(host2) (which may, of course, be the same
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machine):
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example(zmodload zsh/net/tcp
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ztcp host1 5123
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fd=$REPLY)
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Now on each host, tt($fd) contains a file descriptor for talking to the
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other. For example, on tt(host1):
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example(print This is a message >&$fd)
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and on tt(host2):
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example(read -r line <&$fd; print -r - $line)
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prints `tt(This is a message)'.
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To tidy up, on tt(host1):
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example(ztcp -c $listenfd
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ztcp -c $fd)
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and on tt(host2)
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example(ztcp -c $fd)
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