Add the long "Using SMTP with UUCP" tutorial to the Handbook. Ripped

from the FAQ.  No tutorials belong in the FAQ.

While I have done some basic grammar checking on this, and made the
writing a little more professional, I have not checked the contents
for technical accuracy; I am assuming that whoever wrote the FAQ entry
knew what they were doing.  :-)
This commit is contained in:
Michael Lucas 2003-06-10 22:02:07 +00:00
parent 0d9904cff7
commit 05481293a2
Notes: svn2git 2020-12-08 03:00:23 +00:00
svn path=/head/; revision=17233

View file

@ -1129,6 +1129,146 @@ freefall MX 20 who.cdrom.com</programlisting>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="SMTP-UUCP">
<title>SMTP with UUCP</title>
<para>The sendmail configuration that ships with FreeBSD is
designed for sites that connect directly to the Internet. Sites
that wish to exchange their mail via UUCP must install another
sendmail configuration file.</para>
<para>Tweaking <filename>/etc/mail/sendmail.cf</filename> manually
is an advanced topic. Sendmail version 8 generates config files
via &man.m4.1; preprocessing, where the actual configuration
occurs on a higher abstraction level. The &man.m4.1
configuration files can be found under
<filename>/usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail/cf</filename>.</para>
<para>If you did not install your system with full sources, the
sendmail config stuff has been broken out into a separate source
distribution tarball. Assuming you have your FreeBSD source code
CDROM mounted, do:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /cdrom/src</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>cat scontrib.?? | tar xzf - -C /usr/src
contrib/sendmail</userinput></screen>
<para>This extracts to only a few hundred kilobytes. The file
<filename>README</filename> in the <filename>cf</filename>
directory can serve as a basic introduction to m4
configuration.</para>
<para>The best way to support UUCP delivery is to use the
<literal>mailertable</literal> feature. This creates a database
that sendmail can use to make routing decisions.</para>
<para>First, you have to create your <filename>.mc</filename>
file. The directory
<filename>/usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail/cf/cf</filename> contains a
few examples. Assuming you have named your file
<filename>foo.mc</filename>, all you need to do in order to
convert it into a valid <filename>sendmail.cf</filename>
is:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail/cf/cf</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>make foo.cf</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>cp foo.cf /etc/mail/sendmail.cf</userinput></screen>
<para>A typical <filename>.mc</filename> file might look
like:</para>
<programlisting>VERSIONID(`<replaceable>Your version number</replaceable>') OSTYPE(bsd4.4)
FEATURE(accept_unresolvable_domains)
FEATURE(nocanonify)
FEATURE(mailertable, `hash -o /etc/mail/mailertable')
define(`UUCP_RELAY', <replaceable>your.uucp.relay</replaceable>)
define(`UUCP_MAX_SIZE', 200000)
define(`confDONT_PROBE_INTERFACES')
MAILER(local)
MAILER(smtp)
MAILER(uucp)
Cw <replaceable>your.alias.host.name</replaceable>
Cw <replaceable>youruucpnodename.UUCP</replaceable></programlisting>
<para>The lines containing
<literal>accept_unresolvable_domains</literal>,
<literal>nocanonify</literal>, and
<literal>confDONT_PROBE_INTERFACES</literal> features will
prevent any usage of the DNS during mail delivery. The
<literal>UUCP_RELAY</literal> clause is needed to support UUCP
delivery. Simply put an Internet hostname there that is able to
handle .UUCP pseudo-domain addresses; most likely, you will
enter the mail relay of your ISP there.</para>
<para>Once you have this, you need an
<filename>/etc/mail/mailertable</filename> file. If you have
only one link to the outside that is used for all your mails,
the following file will suffice:</para>
<programlisting>#
# makemap hash /etc/mail/mailertable.db &lt; /etc/mail/mailertable
. uucp-dom:<replaceable>your.uucp.relay</replaceable></programlisting>
<para>A more complex example might look like this:</para>
<programlisting>#
# makemap hash /etc/mail/mailertable.db &lt; /etc/mail/mailertable
#
horus.interface-business.de uucp-dom:horus
.interface-business.de uucp-dom:if-bus
interface-business.de uucp-dom:if-bus
.heep.sax.de smtp8:%1
horus.UUCP uucp-dom:horus
if-bus.UUCP uucp-dom:if-bus
. uucp-dom:</programlisting>
<para>The first three lines handle special cases where
domain-addressed mail should not be sent out to the default
route, but instead to some UUCP neighbor in order to
<quote>shortcut</quote> the delivery path. The next line handles
mail to the local Ethernet domain that can be delivered using
SMTP. Finally, the UUCP neighbors are mentioned in the .UUCP
pseudo-domain notation, to allow for a
<literal><replaceable>uucp-neighbor
</replaceable>!<replaceable>recipient</replaceable></literal>
override of the default rules. The last line is always a single
dot, matching everything else, with UUCP delivery to a UUCP
neighbor that serves as your universal mail gateway to the
world. All of the node names behind the
<literal>uucp-dom:</literal> keyword must be valid UUCP
neighbors, as you can verify using the command
<literal>uuname</literal>.</para>
<para>As a reminder that this file needs to be converted into a
DBM database file before use. The command line to accomplish
this is best placed as a comment at the top of the mailertable.
You always have to execute this command each time you change
your mailertable.</para>
<para>Final hint: if you are uncertain whether some particular
mail routing would work, remember the <option>-bt</option>
option to sendmail. It starts sendmail in <emphasis>address test
mode</emphasis>; simply enter <literal>3,0</literal>, followed
by the address you wish to test for the mail routing. The last
line tells you the used internal mail agent, the destination
host this agent will be called with, and the (possibly
translated) address. Leave this mode by typing Control-D.</para>
<screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>sendmail -bt</userinput>
ADDRESS TEST MODE (ruleset 3 NOT automatically invoked)
Enter &lt;ruleset&gt; &lt;address&gt;
<prompt>&gt;</prompt> <userinput>3,0 foo@example.com</userinput>
canonify input: foo @ example . com
...
parse returns: $# uucp-dom $@ <replaceable>your.uucp.relay</replaceable> $: foo &lt; @ example . com . &gt;
<prompt>&gt;</prompt> <userinput>^D</userinput></screen>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="SMTP-Auth">
<title>SMTP Authentication</title>