Add a section about installing and managing packages with FreeBSD.
Submitted by: Chern Lee <chern.lee@windriver.com>
This commit is contained in:
Murray Stokely
parent
260b0331e7
commit
102238e343
Notes:
svn2git
2020-12-08 03:00:23 +00:00
svn path=/head/; revision=9621
1 changed files with 132 additions and 16 deletions
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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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<!--
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The FreeBSD Documentation Project
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$FreeBSD: doc/en_US.ISO_8859-1/books/handbook/ports/chapter.sgml,v 1.114 2001/04/12 07:36:08 nik Exp $
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$FreeBSD: doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ports/chapter.sgml,v 1.115 2001/04/17 01:37:32 dd Exp $
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-->
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<chapter id="ports">
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@ -172,6 +172,8 @@
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>To keep track of updated ports, subscribe to
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<emphasis>freebsd-ports</emphasis>.</para>
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<para>The remainder of this chapter will explain how to use packages and
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ports to install and manage third party software on FreeBSD.</para>
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</sect1>
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@ -216,40 +218,154 @@
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</itemizedlist>
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</sect1>
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<sect1>
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<title>* Using the Packages System</title>
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<sect1 id="packages-using">
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<title>Using the Packages System</title>
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<para><emphasis>Contributed by &a.chern;, April 30, 2001.</emphasis>
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</para>
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<sect2>
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<title>Installing a Package</title>
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<para>After you have decided which application you want to install you
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need to download the package file and install it.</para>
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<para>There are several ways you can do this.</para>
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<para>You can use the &man.pkg.add.1; utility to install a
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FreeBSD software package from a local file or from a server on
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the network.</para>
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<example>
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<title>Downloading and installing in multiple steps</title>
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<title>Downloading a package and then installing it locally</title>
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<para></para>
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<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ftp <replaceable>ftp2.freebsd.org</replaceable></userinput>
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Connected to ftp2.freebsd.org.
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220 ftp2.freebsd.org FTP server (Version 6.00LS) ready.
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331 Guest login ok, send your email address as password.
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230-
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230- This machine is in Vienna, VA, USA, hosted by Verio.
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230- Questions? E-mail freebsd@vienna.verio.net.
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230-
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230-
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230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.
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Remote system type is UNIX.
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Using binary mode to transfer files.
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ftp> <userinput>cd /pub/FreeBSD/ports/packages/irc</userinput>
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250 CWD command successful.
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ftp> <userinput>get xchat-1.7.1.tgz</userinput>
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local: xchat-1.7.1.tgz remote: xchat-1.7.1.tgz
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150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for 'xchat-1.7.1.tgz' (471488 bytes).
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100% |**************************************************| 460 KB 00:00 ETA
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226 Transfer complete.
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471488 bytes received in 5.37 seconds (85.70 KB/s)
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ftp> <userinput>exit</userinput>
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&prompt.root; <userinput>pkg_add <replaceable>xchat-1.7.1.tgz</replaceable></userinput>
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&prompt.root;
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</screen>
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</example>
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<para>If you don't have a source of local packages (such as a
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FreeBSD CD-ROM set) then it will probably be easier to use the
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-r option to &man.pkg.add.1;. This will cause the utility to
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automatically determine the correct object format and release
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and then to fetch and install the package from an FTP site.
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</para>
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<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pkg_add -r <replaceable>xchat-1.7.1</replaceable></userinput>
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</screen>
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<para>This would download the correct package and add it without
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any further user intervention.</para>
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<para>Package files are distributed in .tgz format. You can
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find them at <ulink
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url="ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/ports/packages">ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/ports/packages</ulink>,
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or on the FreeBSD CD-ROM distribution. Every CD on the
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FreeBSD 4-CD set (and PowerPak, etc) contains packages in
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the <filename>/packages</filename> directory. The layout of
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the packages is similar to that of the
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<filename>/usr/ports</filename> tree. Each category has its
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own directory, and every package can be found within the
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<filename>All</filename> directory.
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</para>
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<para>The directory structure of the package system is homologous
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to that of the ports; they work with each other to form the entire
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package/port system.
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</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Deleting a Package</title>
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<para></para>
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<screen>&prompt.root <userinput>pkg_delete <replaceable>xchat-1.7.1</replaceable></userinput>
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&prompt.root
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</screen>
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<para>&man.pkg.delete.1; is the utility for removing
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previously installed software package distributions.
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</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Updating a Package</title>
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<title>Managing packages</title>
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<para></para>
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<para>&man.pkg.info.1; a utility that lists and describes
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the various packages installed.
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</para>
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<screen>&prompt.root <userinput>pkg_info</userinput>
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cvsup-bin-16.1 A general network file distribution system optimized for CV
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docbook-1.2 Meta-port for the different versions of the DocBook DTD
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...
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</screen>
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<para>&man.pkg.version.1; a utility that summarizes the
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versions of all installed packages. It compares the package
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version to the current version found in the ports tree.
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</para>
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<screen>&prompt.root <userinput>pkg_version</userinput>
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cvsup-bin =
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docbook =
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...
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</screen>
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<para>The symbols in the second column indicate the relative age
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of the installed version and the version available in the local
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ports tree.</para>
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<informaltable>
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<tgroup cols="2">
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry>=</entry> <entry>The version of the
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installed package matches that of the one found in the
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local ports tree.</entry>
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</row>
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<row><entry><</entry>
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<entry>The installed version is older then the one available
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in the ports tree.</entry>
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</row>
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<row><entry>></entry><entry>The installed version is newer
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than the one found in the local ports tree. (local ports
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tree is probably out of date)</entry></row>
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<row><entry>?</entry><entry>The installed package cannot be
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found in the ports index.</entry></row>
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<row><entry>*</entry><entry>There are multiple versions of the
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package.</entry></row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</informaltable>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title></title>
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<para></para>
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<title>Miscellaneous</title>
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<para>&man.pkg.add.1; &man.pkg.delete.1; &man.pkg.info.1;
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&man.pkg.version.1; &man.pkg.create.1;
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</para>
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<para>All package information is stored within the
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<filename>/var/db/pkg</filename> directory. The listing
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of contents and descriptions of each package can be found within
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files in this directory.
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</para>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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