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Move graphical installer note earlier in the chapter.

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Clean up the booting from various architecture sections.
Need to confirm that powerpc instructions are correct for all supported media.
Prepare section to describe boot menu. Next commit will describe this menu in detail.
Start to clean up initial install menus. Need to test the components section more
as the existing descriptions are not correct.
Many more commits to come.

Sponsored by:	iXsystems
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Dru Lavigne 2014-05-20 14:35:00 +00:00
parent fd09b8c06b
commit 1765f8aa8f
Notes: svn2git 2020-12-08 03:00:23 +00:00 
svn path=/head/; revision=44883
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319
en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/bsdinstall/chapter.xml
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@ -80,6 +80,25 @@
program used by &os;&nbsp;8.x, is covered in <xref
linkend="install"/>.</para>
<para>In general, the installation instructions in this chapter are written
for the &i386; and <acronym>AMD64</acronym> architectures.
Where applicable, instructions specific to other
platforms will be listed. There may be minor differences
between the installer and what is shown here, so use this
chapter as a general guide rather than as a set of literal
instructions.</para>
<note>
<para>Users who prefer to install &os; using a graphical
installer may be interested in
<application>pc-sysinstall</application>, the installer used
by the
PC-BSD Project. It can be used to install either a graphical
desktop (PC-BSD) or a command line version of &os;. Refer to
the PC-BSD Users Handbook for details (<link
xlink:href="http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/PC-BSD%C2%AE_Users_Handbook/10.1">http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/PC-BSD%C2%AE_Users_Handbook/10.1</link>).</para>
</note>
<para>After reading this chapter, you will know:</para>
<itemizedlist>
@ -87,6 +106,11 @@
<para>How to create the &os; installation media.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>The minimum hardware requirements and &os; supported
architectures.</para>
</listitem>
<!-- WB: verify this, including GPT partition notation (ada0p2)
<listitem>
<para>How &os; subdivides and refers to hard disks.</para>
@ -112,16 +136,6 @@
hardware is supported.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<note>
<para>In general, these installation instructions are written
for &i386; (<quote>PC compatible</quote>) architecture
computers. Where applicable, instructions specific to other
platforms will be listed. There may be minor differences
between the installer and what is shown here, so use this
chapter as a general guide rather than as exact literal
instructions.</para>
</note>
</sect1>
<sect1 xml:id="bsdinstall-hardware">
@ -632,128 +646,73 @@
<para>By default, the installation will not make any changes to
the disk(s) before the following message:</para>
<literallayout class="monospaced">Your changes will now be written to disk. If you
<programlisting>Your changes will now be written to disk. If you
have chosen to overwrite existing data, it will
be PERMANENTLY ERASED. Are you sure you want to
commit your changes?</literallayout>
commit your changes?</programlisting>
<para>The install can be exited at any time prior to this
warning without changing the contents of the hard drive. If
warning. If
there is a concern that something is incorrectly configured,
just turn the computer off before this point, and no damage
will be done.</para>
just turn the computer off before this point and no changes
will be made to the system's disks.</para>
</important>
<sect2 xml:id="bsdinstall-starting">
<title>Booting</title>
<para>This section describes how to boot the system from the
installation media which was prepared using the instructions in
<xref linkend="bsdinstall-installation-media"/>. When using a
bootable USB stick, plug in the <acronym>USB</acronym> stick
before turning on the computer. When booting from
<acronym>CD</acronym> or <acronym>DVD</acronym>, turn on the
computer and insert the media at the first opportunity. How to
configure the system to boot from the inserted media depends
upon the architecture.</para>
<sect3 xml:id="bsdinstall-starting-i386">
<sect2 xml:id="bsdinstall-starting-i386">
<title>Booting on &i386; and &arch.amd64;</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>When using a prepared <quote>bootable</quote> USB
stick, as described in <xref
linkend="bsdinstall-installation-media"/>, plug in the
<acronym>USB</acronym> stick before turning on the
computer.</para>
<para>When booting from <acronym>CD</acronym>, turn on the
computer and insert the <acronym>CD</acronym> at the
first opportunity.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Configure the system to boot from either the
<acronym>CD</acronym> or from <acronym>USB</acronym>,
depending on the media being used for the installation.
<acronym>BIOS</acronym> configurations allow the
selection of a specific boot device. Most systems also
provide for selecting a boot device during startup,
typically by pressing <keycap>F10</keycap>,
<para>These architectures provide a
<acronym>BIOS</acronym> menu for selecting the
boot device. Depending upon the installation media
being used, select the
<acronym>CD</acronym>/<acronym>DVD</acronym> or
<acronym>USB</acronym> device as the first boot device.
Most systems also
provide a key for selecting the boot device during
startup without having to enter the <acronym>BIOS</acronym>.
Typically, the key is either <keycap>F10</keycap>,
<keycap>F11</keycap>, <keycap>F12</keycap>, or
<keycap>Escape</keycap>.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>If the computer starts up as normal and loads an
existing operating system, then either:</para>
<para>If the computer loads the
existing operating system instead of the &os; installer, then either:</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>The disks were not inserted early enough in the
boot process. Leave them in, and try restarting the
<para>The installation media was not inserted early enough in the
boot process. Leave the media inserted and try restarting the
computer.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>The <acronym>BIOS</acronym> changes earlier did
not work correctly. Redo that step until the right
option is selected.</para>
<para>The <acronym>BIOS</acronym> changes were incorrect or not saved.
Double-check that the right boot device
is selected as the first boot device.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>This particular <acronym>BIOS</acronym> does not
support booting from the desired media. The
<para>This system is too old to
support booting from the chosen media. In this case, the
<application>Plop Boot Manager</application> (<link
xlink:href="http://www.plop.at/en/bootmanager.html">http://www.plop.at/en/bootmanager.html</link>)
can be used to boot older computers from
<acronym>CD</acronym> or <acronym>USB</acronym>
can be used to boot the system from the selected
media.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</step>
</sect2>
<step>
<para>&os; will start to boot. When booting from
<acronym>CD</acronym>, messages similar to this will be
displayed (version information omitted):</para>
<screen>Booting from CD-ROM...
645MB medium detected
CD Loader 1.2
Building the boot loader arguments
Looking up /BOOT/LOADER... Found
Relocating the loader and the BTX
Starting the BTX loader
BTX loader 1.00 BTX version is 1.02
Consoles: internal video/keyboard
BIOS CD is cd0
BIOS drive C: is disk0
BIOS drive D: is disk1
BIOS 636kB/261056kB available memory
FreeBSD/i386 bootstrap loader, Revision 1.1
Loading /boot/defaults/loader.conf
/boot/kernel/kernel text=0x64daa0 data=0xa4e80+0xa9e40 syms=[0x4+0x6cac0+0x4+0x88e9d]
\</screen>
</step>
<step>
<para>The &os; boot loader is displayed:</para>
<figure xml:id="bsdinstall-boot-loader-menu">
<title>&os; Boot Loader Menu</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata
fileref="bsdinstall/bsdinstall-boot-loader-menu"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Either wait ten seconds, or press
<keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect3>
<sect3>
<title>Booting for &macintosh; &powerpc;</title>
<sect2>
<title>Booting on &powerpc;</title>
<para>On most machines, holding <keycap>C</keycap> on the
keyboard during boot will boot from the
@ -775,19 +734,19 @@ Loading /boot/defaults/loader.conf
prompt, enter</para>
<screen><userinput>boot cd:,\ppc\loader cd:0</userinput></screen>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect3>
<title>Booting for &sparc64;</title>
<sect2>
<title>Booting on &sparc64;</title>
<para>Most &sparc64; systems are set up to boot automatically
from disk. To install &os;, booting over the network or
from disk. To install &os;
from a <acronym>CD</acronym> requires a break into the
<acronym>PROM</acronym> (OpenFirmware).</para>
<acronym>PROM</acronym>.</para>
<para>To do this, reboot the system, and wait until the boot
message appears. It depends on the model, but should look
about like:</para>
<para>To do this, reboot the system and wait until the boot
message appears. The message depends on the model, but should look
something like this:</para>
<screen>Sun Blade 100 (UltraSPARC-IIe), Keyboard Present
Copyright 1998-2001 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
@ -800,35 +759,41 @@ Ethernet address 0:3:ba:b:92:d4, Host ID: 830b92d4.</screen>
or <keycombo
action="simul"><keycap>Stop</keycap><keycap>A</keycap></keycombo>
on the keyboard, or send a <command>BREAK</command> over the
serial console (using for example <command>~#</command> in
&man.tip.1; or &man.cu.1;) to get to the
<acronym>PROM</acronym> prompt. It looks like this:</para>
<screen><prompt>ok </prompt><co xml:id="bsdinstall-prompt-single"/>
<prompt>ok {0} </prompt><co xml:id="bsdinstall-prompt-smp"/></screen>
<calloutlist>
<callout arearefs="bsdinstall-prompt-single">
<para>This is the prompt used on systems with one
CPU.</para>
</callout>
<callout arearefs="bsdinstall-prompt-smp">
<para>This is the prompt used on <acronym>SMP</acronym>
systems, the digit indicates the number of the active
<acronym>CPU</acronym>.</para>
</callout>
</calloutlist>
serial console. When using <application>tip</application>
or <application>cu</application>, <command>~#</command> will
issue a BREAK. The <acronym>PROM</acronym> prompt will be
<prompt>ok</prompt> on systems with one
<acronym>CPU</acronym> and <prompt>ok {0} </prompt> on <acronym>SMP</acronym>
systems, where the digit indicates the number of the active
<acronym>CPU</acronym>.</para>
<para>At this point, place the <acronym>CD</acronym> into the
drive, and from the <acronym>PROM</acronym> prompt, type
<command>boot cdrom</command>.</para>
</sect3>
drive and type <command>boot cdrom</command> from the
<acronym>PROM</acronym> prompt.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 xml:id="bsdinstall-view-probe">
<title>Reviewing the Device Probe Results</title>
<title>&os; Boot Menu</title>
<para>Once the system boots from the installation media,
a menu similar to the following will be displayed:</para>
<figure xml:id="bsdinstall-boot-loader-menu">
<title>&os; Boot Loader Menu</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata
fileref="bsdinstall/bsdinstall-boot-loader-menu"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>By default, the menu will wait ten seconds for user
input before booting into the &os; installer or, if &os; is
already installed, before booting into &os;. To pause the
boot timer, press <keycap>Space</keycap>.</para>
<para>The last few hundred lines that have been displayed on
screen are stored and can be reviewed.</para>
@ -1027,34 +992,23 @@ Trying to mount root from cd9660:/dev/iso9660/FREEBSD_INSTALL [ro]...</screen>
</sect1>
<sect1 xml:id="using-bsdinstall">
<title>Introducing <application>bsdinstall</application></title>
<title>Using <application>bsdinstall</application></title>
<para><application>bsdinstall</application> is a text-based &os;
installer program written by &a.nwhitehorn.email; and introduced
in 2011 for &os;&nbsp;9.0.</para>
<note>
<para>&a.kmoore.email;'s
<application>pc-sysinstall</application> is included with
PC-BSD and can be used to install &os; using the instructions
at <link
xlink:href="http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Use_PC-BSD_Installer_to_Install_FreeBSD">http://wiki.pcbsd.org/index.php/Use_PC-BSD_Installer_to_Install_FreeBSD</link>.
Although sometimes confused with
<application>bsdinstall</application>, the two are not
related.</para>
</note>
<para>The <application>bsdinstall</application> menu system is
controlled by the arrow keys, <keycap>Enter</keycap>,
<keycap>Tab</keycap>, <keycap>Space</keycap>, and other
keys.</para>
<para>This section shows the order of the
<application>bsdinstall</application> menus and the type of
information that will be asked before the system is installed.
Use the up and down arrows to highlight a menu option, then the
<keycap>Space</keycap> key to select or deselect a
menu item. Then, use <keycap>Enter</keycap> to save the selection
and move onto the next screen.</para>
<sect2 xml:id="bsdinstall-keymap">
<title>Selecting the Keymap Menu</title>
<para>Depending on the system console being used,
<application>bsdinstall</application> may initially prompt to
select a non-default keyboard layout.</para>
<application>bsdinstall</application> may initially display
the menu shown in <xref
linkend="bsdinstall-keymap-select-default"/>.</para>
<figure xml:id="bsdinstall-keymap-select-default">
<title>Keymap Selection</title>
@ -1067,10 +1021,14 @@ Trying to mount root from cd9660:/dev/iso9660/FREEBSD_INSTALL [ro]...</screen>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>If <guibutton>[&nbsp;YES&nbsp;]</guibutton> is selected,
the following keyboard selection screen will be displayed.
Otherwise, this selection menu will not be displayed, and a
default keyboard mapping will be used.</para>
<para>To configure the keyboard layout, press
<keycap>Enter</keycap> with
<guibutton>[&nbsp;YES&nbsp;]</guibutton> selected, which will
display the menu shown in <xref
linkend="bsdinstall-config-keymap"/>. To instead use the
default layout, use the arrow key to select
<guibutton>[&nbsp;NO&nbsp;]</guibutton> and press
<keycap>Enter</keycap> to skip this menu screen.</para>
<figure xml:id="bsdinstall-config-keymap">
<title>Selecting Keyboard Menu</title>
@ -1082,15 +1040,16 @@ Trying to mount root from cd9660:/dev/iso9660/FREEBSD_INSTALL [ro]...</screen>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Select the keymap that most closely represents the mapping
of the keyboard attached to the system, using the up/down
arrow keys and pressing <keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<para>When configuring the keyboard layout, use the up and down
arrows to select the keymap that most closely represents the
mapping of the keyboard attached to the system. Press
<keycap>Enter</keycap> to save the selection.</para>
<note>
<para>Pressing <keycap>Esc</keycap> will use the default
keymap. <guimenuitem>United States of America
ISO-8859-1</guimenuitem> is also a safe option if the
choice of keymap is not clear.</para>
<para>Pressing <keycap>Esc</keycap> will exit this menu and
use the default keymap. If the choice of keymap is not
clear, <guimenuitem>United States of America
ISO-8859-1</guimenuitem> is also a safe option.</para>
</note>
<para>In &os; 10.0-RELEASE and later, this menu has been
@ -1114,8 +1073,8 @@ Trying to mount root from cd9660:/dev/iso9660/FREEBSD_INSTALL [ro]...</screen>
<sect2 xml:id="bsdinstall-hostname">
<title>Setting the Hostname</title>
<para>Next, <application>bsdinstall</application> will prompt
for the hostname to be given to the newly installed
<para>The next <application>bsdinstall</application> menu is
used to set the hostname for the newly installed
system.</para>
<figure xml:id="bsdinstall-config-hostname">
@ -1129,9 +1088,9 @@ Trying to mount root from cd9660:/dev/iso9660/FREEBSD_INSTALL [ro]...</screen>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>The entered hostname should be a fully-qualified hostname,
<para>Type in a hostname that is unique for the network. It should be a fully-qualified hostname,
such as <systemitem
class="fqdomainname">machine3.example.com</systemitem></para>
class="fqdomainname">machine3.example.com</systemitem>.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 xml:id="bsdinstall-components">
@ -1155,19 +1114,17 @@ Trying to mount root from cd9660:/dev/iso9660/FREEBSD_INSTALL [ro]...</screen>
on the intended use of the system and the amount of disk space
available. The &os; kernel and userland, collectively known
as the <quote>base system</quote>, are always
installed.</para>
<para>Depending on the type of installation, some of these
components may not appear.</para>
installed. Depending on the architecture, some of these
components may not appear:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<title>Optional Components</title>
<listitem>
<para><literal>doc</literal> - Additional documentation,
mostly of historical interest. Documentation provided by
the &os; Documentation Project may be installed
later.</para>
<para><literal>doc</literal> - Installs the whole
documentation set, including the &os; Handbook, FAQ, and
articles. If selected, another menu will prompt to select
which language versions to install. Installing the
documentation requires a working connection to the
Internet.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>