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en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.sgml
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@ -92,10 +92,11 @@
<note> <note>
<para>Throughout in this chapter, user PPP will simply be <para>Throughout in this chapter, user PPP will simply be
referred to as <application>ppp</application> unless a distinction needs to be made between it referred to as <application>ppp</application> unless a distinction
and any other PPP software such as <application>pppd</application>. needs to be made between it and any other PPP software such as
Unless otherwise stated, all of the commands explained in this <application>pppd</application>. Unless otherwise stated, all of
chapter should be executed as <username>root</username>.</para> the commands explained in this chapter should be executed as
<username>root</username>.</para>
</note> </note>
</sect1> </sect1>
@ -249,7 +250,11 @@
<sect3> <sect3>
<title>Automatic <application>PPP</application> Configuration</title> <title>Automatic <application>PPP</application> Configuration</title>
<indexterm><primary>PPP</primary><secondary>configuration</secondary></indexterm> <indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary>
<secondary>configuration</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>Both <command>ppp</command> and <command>pppd</command> <para>Both <command>ppp</command> and <command>pppd</command>
(the kernel level implementation of PPP) use the configuration (the kernel level implementation of PPP) use the configuration
files located in the <filename>/etc/ppp</filename> directory. files located in the <filename>/etc/ppp</filename> directory.
@ -266,7 +271,11 @@
<sect4 id="userppp-staticIP"> <sect4 id="userppp-staticIP">
<title>PPP and Static IP Addresses</title> <title>PPP and Static IP Addresses</title>
<indexterm><primary>PPP</primary><secondary>with static IP addresses</secondary></indexterm> <indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary>
<secondary>with static IP addresses</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>You will need to edit the <para>You will need to edit the
<filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename> configuration file. It <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename> configuration file. It
should look similar to the example below.</para> should look similar to the example below.</para>
@ -339,9 +348,11 @@
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Identifies the device to which the modem is <para>Identifies the device to which the modem is
connected. <devicename>COM1</devicename> is connected. <devicename>COM1</devicename> is
<filename>/dev/cuad0</filename> (or <filename>/dev/cuaa0</filename> under &os;&nbsp;5.X) and <filename>/dev/cuad0</filename> (or
<filename>/dev/cuaa0</filename> under &os;&nbsp;5.X) and
<devicename>COM2</devicename> is <devicename>COM2</devicename> is
<filename>/dev/cuad1</filename> (or <filename>/dev/cuaa1</filename>).</para> <filename>/dev/cuad1</filename> (or
<filename>/dev/cuaa1</filename>).</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
</varlistentry> </varlistentry>
@ -358,7 +369,11 @@
<varlistentry> <varlistentry>
<term>Line 6 &amp; 7:</term> <term>Line 6 &amp; 7:</term>
<indexterm><primary>PPP</primary><secondary>user PPP</secondary></indexterm> <indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary>
<secondary>user PPP</secondary>
</indexterm>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>The dial string. User PPP uses an expect-send <para>The dial string. User PPP uses an expect-send
syntax similar to the &man.chat.8; program. Refer to syntax similar to the &man.chat.8; program. Refer to
@ -545,8 +560,16 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
<sect4 id="userppp-dynamicIP"> <sect4 id="userppp-dynamicIP">
<title>PPP and Dynamic IP Addresses</title> <title>PPP and Dynamic IP Addresses</title>
<indexterm><primary>PPP</primary><secondary>with dynamic IP addresses</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>IPCP</primary></indexterm> <indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary>
<secondary>with dynamic IP addresses</secondary>
</indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>IPCP</primary>
</indexterm>
<para>If your service provider does not assign static IP <para>If your service provider does not assign static IP
addresses, <command>ppp</command> can be configured to addresses, <command>ppp</command> can be configured to
negotiate the local and remote addresses. This is done by negotiate the local and remote addresses. This is done by
@ -637,8 +660,12 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
<sect4> <sect4>
<title>Receiving Incoming Calls</title> <title>Receiving Incoming Calls</title>
<indexterm><primary>PPP</primary><secondary>receiving
incoming calls</secondary></indexterm> <indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary>
<secondary>receiving incoming calls</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>When you configure <application>ppp</application> to <para>When you configure <application>ppp</application> to
receive incoming calls on a machine connected to a LAN, you receive incoming calls on a machine connected to a LAN, you
must decide if you wish to forward packets to the LAN. If you must decide if you wish to forward packets to the LAN. If you
@ -704,7 +731,10 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
<sect4> <sect4>
<title>PPP Shells for Dynamic-IP Users</title> <title>PPP Shells for Dynamic-IP Users</title>
<indexterm><primary>PPP shells</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP shells</primary>
</indexterm>
<para>Create a file called <para>Create a file called
<filename>/etc/ppp/ppp-shell</filename> containing the <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp-shell</filename> containing the
@ -752,7 +782,10 @@ exec /usr/sbin/ppp -direct $IDENT</programlisting>
<sect4> <sect4>
<title>PPP Shells for Static-IP Users</title> <title>PPP Shells for Static-IP Users</title>
<indexterm><primary>PPP shells</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP shells</primary>
</indexterm>
<para>Create the <filename>ppp-shell</filename> file as above, <para>Create the <filename>ppp-shell</filename> file as above,
and for each account with statically assigned IPs create a and for each account with statically assigned IPs create a
@ -774,7 +807,8 @@ exec /usr/sbin/ppp -direct $IDENT</programlisting>
</sect4> </sect4>
<sect4> <sect4>
<title>Setting Up <filename>ppp.conf</filename> for Dynamic-IP Users</title> <title>Setting Up <filename>ppp.conf</filename> for Dynamic-IP
Users</title>
<para>The <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename> file should <para>The <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename> file should
contain something along the lines of:</para> contain something along the lines of:</para>
@ -841,11 +875,18 @@ mary:
<sect4 id="userppp-mgetty"> <sect4 id="userppp-mgetty">
<title><command>mgetty</command> and AutoPPP</title> <title><command>mgetty</command> and AutoPPP</title>
<indexterm> <indexterm>
<primary><command>mgetty</command></primary> <primary><command>mgetty</command></primary>
</indexterm> </indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>AutoPPP</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>LCP</primary></indexterm> <indexterm>
<primary>AutoPPP</primary>
</indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>LCP</primary>
</indexterm>
<para>Configuring and compiling <command>mgetty</command> <para>Configuring and compiling <command>mgetty</command>
with the <literal>AUTO_PPP</literal> option enabled with the <literal>AUTO_PPP</literal> option enabled
@ -906,9 +947,20 @@ exec /usr/sbin/ppp -direct pap$IDENT</programlisting>
<sect4> <sect4>
<title>MS Extensions</title> <title>MS Extensions</title>
<indexterm><primary>DNS</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>NetBIOS</primary></indexterm> <indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>PPP</primary><secondary>Microsoft extensions</secondary></indexterm> <primary>DNS</primary>
</indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>NetBIOS</primary>
</indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary>
<secondary>Microsoft extensions</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>It is possible to configure PPP to supply DNS and <para>It is possible to configure PPP to supply DNS and
NetBIOS nameserver addresses on demand.</para> NetBIOS nameserver addresses on demand.</para>
@ -1029,7 +1081,10 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5</programlisting>
<sect3 id="userppp-nat"> <sect3 id="userppp-nat">
<title>Using PPP Network Address Translation Capability</title> <title>Using PPP Network Address Translation Capability</title>
<indexterm><primary>PPP</primary><secondary>NAT</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary><secondary>NAT</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>PPP has ability to use internal NAT without kernel diverting <para>PPP has ability to use internal NAT without kernel diverting
capabilities. This functionality may be enabled by the following capabilities. This functionality may be enabled by the following
@ -1056,7 +1111,10 @@ nat port tcp 10.0.0.2:http http</programlisting>
<sect3 id="userppp-final"> <sect3 id="userppp-final">
<title>Final System Configuration</title> <title>Final System Configuration</title>
<indexterm><primary>PPP</primary><secondary>configuration</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary><secondary>configuration</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>You now have <command>ppp</command> configured, but there <para>You now have <command>ppp</command> configured, but there
are a few more things to do before it is ready to work. They are a few more things to do before it is ready to work. They
@ -1095,8 +1153,8 @@ ifconfig_tun0=</programlisting>
for further details.</para> for further details.</para>
</note> </note>
<para>Make sure that the router program is set to <literal>NO</literal> with <para>Make sure that the router program is set to
the following line in your <literal>NO</literal> with the following line in your
<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>:</para> <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>:</para>
<programlisting>router_enable="NO"</programlisting> <programlisting>router_enable="NO"</programlisting>
@ -1104,10 +1162,10 @@ ifconfig_tun0=</programlisting>
<indexterm> <indexterm>
<primary><application>routed</application></primary> <primary><application>routed</application></primary>
</indexterm> </indexterm>
<para>It is important that the <command>routed</command> daemon is <para>It is important that the <command>routed</command> daemon is
not started, as not started, as <command>routed</command> tends to delete the default
<command>routed</command> tends to delete the default routing routing table entries created by <command>ppp</command>.</para>
table entries created by <command>ppp</command>.</para>
<para>It is probably a good idea to ensure that the <para>It is probably a good idea to ensure that the
<literal>sendmail_flags</literal> line does not include the <literal>sendmail_flags</literal> line does not include the
@ -1135,7 +1193,10 @@ ifconfig_tun0=</programlisting>
3 add 0 0 HISADDR 3 add 0 0 HISADDR
4 !bg sendmail -bd -q30m</programlisting> 4 !bg sendmail -bd -q30m</programlisting>
<indexterm><primary>SMTP</primary></indexterm> <indexterm>
<primary>SMTP</primary>
</indexterm>
<para>If you do not like this, it is possible to set up a <para>If you do not like this, it is possible to set up a
<quote>dfilter</quote> to block SMTP traffic. Refer to the <quote>dfilter</quote> to block SMTP traffic. Refer to the
sample files for further details.</para> sample files for further details.</para>
@ -1264,7 +1325,11 @@ ifconfig_tun0=</programlisting>
<sect2> <sect2>
<title>Setting Up Kernel PPP</title> <title>Setting Up Kernel PPP</title>
<indexterm><primary>PPP</primary><secondary>kernel PPP</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary>
<secondary>kernel PPP</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>Before you start setting up PPP on your machine, make sure <para>Before you start setting up PPP on your machine, make sure
that <command>pppd</command> is located in that <command>pppd</command> is located in
@ -1280,7 +1345,11 @@ ifconfig_tun0=</programlisting>
modem line.</para> modem line.</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<indexterm><primary>PPP</primary><secondary>server</secondary></indexterm> <indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary>
<secondary>server</secondary>
</indexterm>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>As a <quote>server</quote> &mdash; your machine is located on <para>As a <quote>server</quote> &mdash; your machine is located on
the network, and is used to connect other computers using the network, and is used to connect other computers using
@ -1311,8 +1380,16 @@ ifconfig_tun0=</programlisting>
</sect2info> </sect2info>
<title>Using <command>pppd</command> as a Client</title> <title>Using <command>pppd</command> as a Client</title>
<indexterm><primary>PPP</primary><secondary>client</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>Cisco</primary></indexterm> <indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary>
<secondary>client</secondary>
</indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>Cisco</primary>
</indexterm>
<para>The following <filename>/etc/ppp/options</filename> might be <para>The following <filename>/etc/ppp/options</filename> might be
used to connect to a Cisco terminal server PPP line.</para> used to connect to a Cisco terminal server PPP line.</para>
@ -1338,7 +1415,8 @@ defaultroute # put this if you want that PPP server will be your
<indexterm><primary>modem</primary></indexterm> <indexterm><primary>modem</primary></indexterm>
<procedure> <procedure>
<step> <step>
<para>Dial to the remote host using <application>Kermit</application> (or some other modem <para>Dial to the remote host using
<application>Kermit</application> (or some other modem
program), and enter your user name and password (or whatever program), and enter your user name and password (or whatever
is needed to enable PPP on the remote host).</para> is needed to enable PPP on the remote host).</para>
</step> </step>
@ -1385,11 +1463,14 @@ ifconfig ppp0 delete
kermit -y /etc/ppp/kermit.dial kermit -y /etc/ppp/kermit.dial
pppd /dev/tty01 19200</programlisting> pppd /dev/tty01 19200</programlisting>
<indexterm><primary>Kermit</primary></indexterm> <indexterm>
<para><filename>/etc/ppp/kermit.dial</filename> is a <application>Kermit</application> <primary>Kermit</primary>
script that dials and makes all necessary authorization on the </indexterm>
remote host (an example of such a script is attached to the end
of this document).</para> <para><filename>/etc/ppp/kermit.dial</filename> is a
<application>Kermit</application> script that dials and makes all
necessary authorization on the remote host (an example of such a
script is attached to the end of this document).</para>
<para>Use the following <filename>/etc/ppp/pppdown</filename> script <para>Use the following <filename>/etc/ppp/pppdown</filename> script
to disconnect the PPP line:</para> to disconnect the PPP line:</para>
@ -1413,9 +1494,9 @@ fi
kermit -y /etc/ppp/kermit.hup kermit -y /etc/ppp/kermit.hup
/etc/ppp/ppptest</programlisting> /etc/ppp/ppptest</programlisting>
<para>Check to see if <command>pppd</command> is still running by executing <para>Check to see if <command>pppd</command> is still running by
<filename>/usr/etc/ppp/ppptest</filename>, which should look like executing <filename>/usr/etc/ppp/ppptest</filename>, which should look
this:</para> like this:</para>
<programlisting>#!/bin/sh <programlisting>#!/bin/sh
pid=`pgrep pppd` pid=`pgrep pppd`
@ -1725,7 +1806,10 @@ exit 1
</sect1info> </sect1info>
<title>Troubleshooting <acronym>PPP</acronym> Connections</title> <title>Troubleshooting <acronym>PPP</acronym> Connections</title>
<indexterm><primary>PPP</primary><secondary>troubleshooting</secondary></indexterm> <indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary>
<secondary>troubleshooting</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>This section covers a few issues which may arise when <para>This section covers a few issues which may arise when
using PPP over a modem connection. For instance, perhaps you using PPP over a modem connection. For instance, perhaps you
@ -1754,11 +1838,12 @@ exit 1
<devicename>sio</devicename> devices. These are the COM <devicename>sio</devicename> devices. These are the COM
ports we need. If your modem acts like a standard serial ports we need. If your modem acts like a standard serial
port then you should see it listed on port then you should see it listed on
<devicename>sio1</devicename>, or <devicename>COM2</devicename>. If so, you are not <devicename>sio1</devicename>, or <devicename>COM2</devicename>. If
required to rebuild the kernel. so, you are not required to rebuild the kernel.
When matching up sio modem is on <devicename>sio1</devicename> or When matching up sio modem is on <devicename>sio1</devicename> or
<devicename>COM2</devicename> if you are in DOS, then your <devicename>COM2</devicename> if you are in DOS, then your
modem device would be <filename>/dev/cuad1</filename> (or <filename>/dev/cuaa1</filename> under &os;&nbsp;5.X).</para> modem device would be <filename>/dev/cuad1</filename> (or
<filename>/dev/cuaa1</filename> under &os;&nbsp;5.X).</para>
</sect2> </sect2>
<sect2> <sect2>
@ -1782,7 +1867,8 @@ exit 1
<screen>ppp ON example&gt; <userinput>set device <filename>/dev/cuad1</filename></userinput></screen> <screen>ppp ON example&gt; <userinput>set device <filename>/dev/cuad1</filename></userinput></screen>
<para>We set our modem device, in this case it is <para>We set our modem device, in this case it is
<devicename>cuad1</devicename> (or <filename>/dev/cuaa1</filename> under &os;&nbsp;5.X).</para> <devicename>cuad1</devicename> (or
<filename>/dev/cuaa1</filename> under &os;&nbsp;5.X).</para>
<screen>ppp ON example&gt; <userinput>set speed 115200</userinput></screen> <screen>ppp ON example&gt; <userinput>set speed 115200</userinput></screen>
@ -1986,7 +2072,12 @@ nameserver <replaceable>y.y.y.y</replaceable></programlisting>
</sect1info> </sect1info>
<title>Using PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE)</title> <title>Using PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE)</title>
<indexterm><primary>PPP</primary><secondary>over Ethernet</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary>
<secondary>over Ethernet</secondary>
</indexterm>
<indexterm> <indexterm>
<primary>PPPoE</primary> <primary>PPPoE</primary>
<see>PPP, over Ethernet</see> <see>PPP, over Ethernet</see>
@ -2099,7 +2190,9 @@ ppp_profile="name_of_service_provider"</programlisting>
<sect2 id="ppp-3com"> <sect2 id="ppp-3com">
<title>PPPoE with a &tm.3com; <trademark class="registered">HomeConnect</trademark> ADSL Modem Dual Link</title> <title>PPPoE with a &tm.3com; <trademark
class="registered">HomeConnect</trademark> ADSL Modem Dual
Link</title>
<para>This modem does not follow <ulink <para>This modem does not follow <ulink
url="http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2516.html">RFC 2516</ulink> url="http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2516.html">RFC 2516</ulink>
@ -2122,14 +2215,20 @@ ppp_profile="name_of_service_provider"</programlisting>
<para>Unfortunately, because this is a system-wide setting, it is <para>Unfortunately, because this is a system-wide setting, it is
not possible to talk to a normal PPPoE client or server and a not possible to talk to a normal PPPoE client or server and a
&tm.3com; <trademark class="registered">HomeConnect</trademark> ADSL Modem at the same time.</para> &tm.3com; <trademark class="registered">HomeConnect</trademark>
ADSL Modem at the same time.</para>
</sect2> </sect2>
</sect1> </sect1>
<sect1 id="pppoa"> <sect1 id="pppoa">
<title>Using <application>PPP</application> over ATM (PPPoA)</title> <title>Using <application>PPP</application> over ATM (PPPoA)</title>
<indexterm><primary>PPP</primary><secondary>over ATM</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary>
<secondary>over ATM</secondary>
</indexterm>
<indexterm> <indexterm>
<primary>PPPoA</primary> <primary>PPPoA</primary>
<see>PPP, over ATM</see> <see>PPP, over ATM</see>
@ -2343,8 +2442,8 @@ ng0: flags=88d1&lt;UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,NOARP,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST&gt; mtu 1500
<para>This will open a tunnel for a PPP session to your DSL router. <para>This will open a tunnel for a PPP session to your DSL router.
Ethernet DSL modems have a preconfigured LAN IP address which you Ethernet DSL modems have a preconfigured LAN IP address which you
connect to. In the case of the Alcatel &speedtouch; Home this address is connect to. In the case of the Alcatel &speedtouch; Home this address
<hostid role="ipaddr">10.0.0.138</hostid>. Your router documentation is <hostid role="ipaddr">10.0.0.138</hostid>. Your router documentation
should tell you which address your device uses. To open the tunnel and should tell you which address your device uses. To open the tunnel and
start a PPP session execute the following start a PPP session execute the following
command:</para> command:</para>
@ -2406,7 +2505,12 @@ tun0: flags=8051&lt;UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,MULTICAST&gt; mtu 1500
<sect2 id="slipc"> <sect2 id="slipc">
<title>Setting Up a SLIP Client</title> <title>Setting Up a SLIP Client</title>
<indexterm><primary>SLIP</primary><secondary>client</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>SLIP</primary>
<secondary>client</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>The following is one way to set up a FreeBSD machine for SLIP <para>The following is one way to set up a FreeBSD machine for SLIP
on a static host network. For dynamic hostname assignments (your on a static host network. For dynamic hostname assignments (your
address changes each time you dial up), you probably need to address changes each time you dial up), you probably need to
@ -2415,15 +2519,18 @@ tun0: flags=8051&lt;UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,MULTICAST&gt; mtu 1500
<para>First, determine which serial port your modem is connected to. <para>First, determine which serial port your modem is connected to.
Many people set up a symbolic link, such as Many people set up a symbolic link, such as
<filename>/dev/modem</filename>, to point to the real device name, <filename>/dev/modem</filename>, to point to the real device name,
<filename>/dev/cuadN</filename> (or <filename>/dev/cuaaN</filename> under &os;&nbsp;5.X). This allows you to <filename>/dev/cuadN</filename> (or <filename>/dev/cuaaN</filename>
abstract the actual device name should you ever need to move under &os;&nbsp;5.X). This allows you to abstract the actual device
the modem to a different port. It can become quite cumbersome when you name should you ever need to move the modem to a different port. It
need to fix a bunch of files in <filename>/etc</filename> and can become quite cumbersome when you need to fix a bunch of files in
<filename>.kermrc</filename> files all over the system!</para> <filename>/etc</filename> and <filename>.kermrc</filename> files all
over the system!</para>
<note> <note>
<para><filename>/dev/cuad0</filename> (or <filename>/dev/cuaa0</filename> under &os;&nbsp;5.X) is <para><filename>/dev/cuad0</filename> (or
<devicename>COM1</devicename>, <filename>cuad1</filename> (or <filename>/dev/cuaa1</filename>) is <filename>/dev/cuaa0</filename> under &os;&nbsp;5.X) is
<devicename>COM1</devicename>, <filename>cuad1</filename> (or
<filename>/dev/cuaa1</filename>) is
<devicename>COM2</devicename>, etc.</para> <devicename>COM2</devicename>, etc.</para>
</note> </note>
@ -2521,13 +2628,19 @@ nameserver 128.32.136.12</programlisting>
<sect3> <sect3>
<title>Making a SLIP Connection</title> <title>Making a SLIP Connection</title>
<indexterm><primary>SLIP</primary><secondary>connecting with</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>SLIP</primary>
<secondary>connecting with</secondary>
</indexterm>
<procedure> <procedure>
<step> <step>
<para>Dial up, type <command>slip</command> at the prompt, <para>Dial up, type <command>slip</command> at the prompt,
enter your machine name and password. What is required to enter your machine name and password. What is required to
be entered depends on your environment. If you use be entered depends on your environment. If you use
<application>Kermit</application>, you can try a script like this:</para> <application>Kermit</application>, you can try a script like
this:</para>
<programlisting># kermit setup <programlisting># kermit setup
set modem hayes set modem hayes
@ -2545,8 +2658,8 @@ output ***\x0d, echo \x0aCONNECTED\x0a</programlisting>
<para>Of course, you have to change the username and password <para>Of course, you have to change the username and password
to fit yours. After doing so, you can just type to fit yours. After doing so, you can just type
<command>slip</command> from the <application>Kermit</application> prompt to <command>slip</command> from the
connect.</para> <application>Kermit</application> prompt to connect.</para>
<note> <note>
<para>Leaving your password in plain text anywhere in the <para>Leaving your password in plain text anywhere in the
@ -2556,7 +2669,8 @@ output ***\x0d, echo \x0aCONNECTED\x0a</programlisting>
</step> </step>
<step> <step>
<para>Leave the <application>Kermit</application> there (you can suspend it by <para>Leave the <application>Kermit</application> there (you can
suspend it by
<keycombo> <keycombo>
<keycap>Ctrl</keycap> <keycap>Ctrl</keycap>
<keycap>z</keycap> <keycap>z</keycap>
@ -2582,9 +2696,8 @@ output ***\x0d, echo \x0aCONNECTED\x0a</programlisting>
<para>to kill <command>slattach</command>. Keep in mind you must be <para>to kill <command>slattach</command>. Keep in mind you must be
<username>root</username> to do the above. Then go back to <username>root</username> to do the above. Then go back to
<command>kermit</command> (by running <command>fg</command> if you suspended it) and <command>kermit</command> (by running <command>fg</command> if you
exit from suspended it) and exit from it (<keycap>q</keycap>).</para>
it (<keycap>q</keycap>).</para>
<para>The &man.slattach.8; manual page says you have <para>The &man.slattach.8; manual page says you have
to use <command>ifconfig sl0 down</command> to use <command>ifconfig sl0 down</command>
@ -2600,8 +2713,8 @@ output ***\x0d, echo \x0aCONNECTED\x0a</programlisting>
<sect3> <sect3>
<title>Troubleshooting</title> <title>Troubleshooting</title>
<para>If it does not work, feel free to ask on &a.net.name; mailing list. The things that <para>If it does not work, feel free to ask on &a.net.name; mailing
people tripped over so far:</para> list. The things that people tripped over so far:</para>
<itemizedlist> <itemizedlist>
<listitem> <listitem>
@ -2658,7 +2771,11 @@ water.CS.Example localhost.Example. UGH 34 47641234 lo0 - 0.438
<sect2 id="slips"> <sect2 id="slips">
<title>Setting Up a SLIP Server</title> <title>Setting Up a SLIP Server</title>
<indexterm><primary>SLIP</primary><secondary>server</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>SLIP</primary>
<secondary>server</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>This document provides suggestions for setting up SLIP Server <para>This document provides suggestions for setting up SLIP Server
services on a FreeBSD system, which typically means configuring services on a FreeBSD system, which typically means configuring
@ -2757,8 +2874,8 @@ water.CS.Example localhost.Example. UGH 34 47641234 lo0 - 0.438
any additional flags (<literal>autocomp</literal>). If any additional flags (<literal>autocomp</literal>). If
something goes wrong, <command>sliplogin</command> usually something goes wrong, <command>sliplogin</command> usually
logs good informational messages via the logs good informational messages via the
<application>syslogd</application> daemon facility, which usually logs <application>syslogd</application> daemon facility, which usually
to <filename>/var/log/messages</filename> (see the manual logs to <filename>/var/log/messages</filename> (see the manual
pages for &man.syslogd.8; and &man.syslog.conf.5; and perhaps pages for &man.syslogd.8; and &man.syslog.conf.5; and perhaps
check <filename>/etc/syslog.conf</filename> to see to what check <filename>/etc/syslog.conf</filename> to see to what
<application>syslogd</application> is logging and where it is <application>syslogd</application> is logging and where it is
@ -2768,8 +2885,15 @@ water.CS.Example localhost.Example. UGH 34 47641234 lo0 - 0.438
<sect3> <sect3>
<title>Kernel Configuration</title> <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
<indexterm><primary>kernel</primary><secondary>configuration</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>SLIP</primary></indexterm> <indexterm>
<primary>kernel</primary>
<secondary>configuration</secondary>
</indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>SLIP</primary>
</indexterm>
<para>&os;'s default kernel (<filename>GENERIC</filename>) <para>&os;'s default kernel (<filename>GENERIC</filename>)
comes with SLIP (&man.sl.4;) support; in case of a custom comes with SLIP (&man.sl.4;) support; in case of a custom
@ -2781,8 +2905,8 @@ water.CS.Example localhost.Example. UGH 34 47641234 lo0 - 0.438
<para>By default, your &os; machine will not forward packets. <para>By default, your &os; machine will not forward packets.
If you want your FreeBSD SLIP Server to act as a router, you If you want your FreeBSD SLIP Server to act as a router, you
will have to edit the <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename> file and will have to edit the <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename> file and
change the setting of the <literal>gateway_enable</literal> variable to change the setting of the <literal>gateway_enable</literal> variable
<option>YES</option>.</para> to <option>YES</option>.</para>
<para>You will then need to reboot for the new settings to take <para>You will then need to reboot for the new settings to take
effect.</para> effect.</para>
@ -2837,8 +2961,8 @@ water.CS.Example localhost.Example. UGH 34 47641234 lo0 - 0.438
(resolved to IP addresses by (resolved to IP addresses by
<filename>/etc/hosts</filename> or by the domain name <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> or by the domain name
service, depending on your specifications in the file service, depending on your specifications in the file
<filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename>), and the network mask may be <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename>), and the network mask
a name that can be resolved by a lookup into may be a name that can be resolved by a lookup into
<filename>/etc/networks</filename>. On a sample system, <filename>/etc/networks</filename>. On a sample system,
<filename>/etc/sliphome/slip.hosts</filename> looks like <filename>/etc/sliphome/slip.hosts</filename> looks like
this:</para> this:</para>
@ -2955,7 +3079,11 @@ Shelmerg dc-slip sl-helmerg 0xfffffc00 autocomp</programlisting
address whenever another IP node on the Ethernet asks to address whenever another IP node on the Ethernet asks to
speak to the SLIP client's IP address.</para> speak to the SLIP client's IP address.</para>
<indexterm><primary>Ethernet</primary><secondary>MAC address</secondary></indexterm> <indexterm>
<primary>Ethernet</primary>
<secondary>MAC address</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>When using the example above, be sure to replace the <para>When using the example above, be sure to replace the
Ethernet MAC address (<hostid Ethernet MAC address (<hostid
role="mac">00:11:22:33:44:55</hostid>) with the MAC address of role="mac">00:11:22:33:44:55</hostid>) with the MAC address of
@ -3073,8 +3201,8 @@ Shelmerg dc-slip sl-helmerg 0xfffffc00 autocomp</programlisting
</indexterm> </indexterm>
<note> <note>
<para><application>&gated;</application> is proprietary software now and <para><application>&gated;</application> is proprietary software now
will not be available as source code to the public anymore and will not be available as source code to the public anymore
(more info on the <ulink (more info on the <ulink
url="http://www.gated.org/">&gated;</ulink> website). This url="http://www.gated.org/">&gated;</ulink> website). This
section only exists to ensure backwards compatibility for section only exists to ensure backwards compatibility for
@ -3082,12 +3210,12 @@ Shelmerg dc-slip sl-helmerg 0xfffffc00 autocomp</programlisting
</note> </note>
<para>An alternative to the headaches of static routes is to <para>An alternative to the headaches of static routes is to
install <application>&gated;</application> on your FreeBSD SLIP server install <application>&gated;</application> on your FreeBSD SLIP
and configure it to use the appropriate routing protocols server and configure it to use the appropriate routing protocols
(RIP/OSPF/BGP/EGP) to tell other routers about your SLIP (RIP/OSPF/BGP/EGP) to tell other routers about your SLIP
subnet. subnet. You will need to write a
You will need to write a <filename>/etc/gated.conf</filename> <filename>/etc/gated.conf</filename> file to configure your
file to configure your <application>&gated;</application>; here is a sample, similar to <application>&gated;</application>; here is a sample, similar to
what the author used on a FreeBSD SLIP server:</para> what the author used on a FreeBSD SLIP server:</para>
<programlisting># <programlisting>#
@ -3139,10 +3267,10 @@ import proto rip interface ed {
tracing to <filename>/var/tmp/gated.output</filename> for tracing to <filename>/var/tmp/gated.output</filename> for
debugging <application>&gated;</application>'s activity; you can debugging <application>&gated;</application>'s activity; you can
certainly turn off the tracing options if certainly turn off the tracing options if
<application>&gated;</application> works correctly for you. You will need to <application>&gated;</application> works correctly for you. You
change the <replaceable>xxx.xxx.yy</replaceable>'s into the will need to change the <replaceable>xxx.xxx.yy</replaceable>'s
network address of your own SLIP subnet (be sure to change the into the network address of your own SLIP subnet (be sure to change
net mask in the <literal>proto direct</literal> clause as the net mask in the <literal>proto direct</literal> clause as
well).</para> well).</para>
<para>Once you have installed and configured <para>Once you have installed and configured