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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<meta name="generator" content=
"HTML Tidy for FreeBSD (vers 7 December 2008), see www.w3.org" />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content=
"text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<title>FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE Errata</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="docbook.css" />
<link rev="made" href="doc@FreeBSD.org" />
<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.78.1" />
<meta name="description" content=
"This document lists errata items for FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE, containing significant information discovered after the release or too late in the release cycle to be otherwise included in the release documentation. This information includes security advisories, as well as news relating to the software or documentation that could affect its operation or usability. An up-to-date version of this document should always be consulted before installing this version of FreeBSD. This errata document for FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE will be maintained until the release of FreeBSD 10.1-RELEASE." />
<div class="article">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h1 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"idp60667088"></a>FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE Errata</h1></div>
<div>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="author">
<h3 class="author"><span class="orgname">The FreeBSD
Project</span></h3></div></div>
<div>
<p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="copyright">Copyright
© 2000-2013 The FreeBSD Documentation Project</div>
<div>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="legalnotice">
<a id="trademarks"></a>
<p>FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.
<p>Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and
Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation
or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.
<p>SPARC, SPARC64, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of SPARC
International, Inc in the United States and other countries. SPARC
International, Inc owns all of the SPARC trademarks and under
licensing agreements allows the proper use of these trademarks by
its members.
<p>Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to
distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those
designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was
aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed
by the <span class="quote">&#8220;<span class=
"quote">&#8482;</span>&#8221;</span> or the <span class=
"quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">®</span>&#8221;</span>
symbol.</div></div>
<div>Last modified on 2013-11-23 by rodrigc.</div>
<div>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="abstract">
<div class="abstract-title">Abstract</div>
<p>This document lists errata items for FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE,
containing significant information discovered after the release or
too late in the release cycle to be otherwise included in the
release documentation. This information includes security
advisories, as well as news relating to the software or
documentation that could affect its operation or usability. An
up-to-date version of this document should always be consulted
before installing this version of FreeBSD.
<p>This errata document for FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE will be maintained
until the release of FreeBSD 10.1-RELEASE.</div></div></div>
<hr /></div>
<div class="toc">
<div class="toc-title">Table of Contents</div>
<dl class="toc">
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#intro">1. Introduction</a></span>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#security">2. Security
Advisories</a></span>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#open-issues">3. Open
Issues</a></span>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#late-news">4. Late-Breaking
News</a></span></dl></div>
<div class="sect1">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style=
"clear: both"><a id=
"intro"></a>1.&nbsp;Introduction</h2></div></div></div>
<p>This errata document contains <span class=
"quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">late-breaking
news</span>&#8221;</span> about FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE Before
installing this version, it is important to consult this document
to learn about any post-release discoveries or problems that may
already have been found and fixed.
<p>Any version of this errata document actually distributed with
the release (for example, on a CDROM distribution) will be out of
date by definition, but other copies are kept updated on the
Internet and should be consulted as the <span class=
"quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">current
errata</span>&#8221;</span> for this release. These other copies of
the errata are located at <code class="uri"><a class="uri" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/" target=
"_top">http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/</a></code>, plus any sites
which keep up-to-date mirrors of this location.
<p>Source and binary snapshots of FreeBSD 10.0-STABLE also contain
up-to-date copies of this document (as of the time of the
snapshot).
<p>For a list of all FreeBSD CERT security advisories, see
<code class="uri"><a class="uri" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/security/" target=
"_top">http://www.FreeBSD.org/security/</a></code> or <code class=
"uri"><a class="uri" href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/"
target=
"_top">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/</a></code>.</div>
<div class="sect1">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style=
"clear: both"><a id="security"></a>2.&nbsp;Security
Advisories</h2></div></div></div>
<p>No advisories.</div>
<div class="sect1">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style=
"clear: both"><a id="open-issues"></a>3.&nbsp;Open
Issues</h2></div></div></div>
<p>No open issues.</div>
<div class="sect1">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style=
"clear: both"><a id="late-news"></a>4.&nbsp;Late-Breaking
News</h2></div></div></div>
<p>No news.</div></div>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<meta name="generator" content=
"HTML Tidy for FreeBSD (vers 7 December 2008), see www.w3.org" />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content=
"text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<title>FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE README</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="docbook.css" />
<link rev="made" href="doc@FreeBSD.org" />
<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.78.1" />
<meta name="description" content=
"This document gives a brief introduction to FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE. It includes some information on how to obtain FreeBSD, a listing of various ways to contact the FreeBSD Project, and pointers to some other sources of information." />
<div class="article">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h1 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"idp60667088"></a>FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE README</h1></div>
<div>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="author">
<h3 class="author"><span class="orgname">The FreeBSD
Project</span></h3></div></div>
<div>
<p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="copyright">Copyright
© 2000-2013 The FreeBSD Documentation Project</div>
<div>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="legalnotice">
<a id="trademarks"></a>
<p>FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.
<p>Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and
Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation
or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.
<p>Motif, OSF/1, and UNIX are registered trademarks and IT DialTone
and The Open Group are trademarks of The Open Group in the United
States and other countries.
<p>SPARC, SPARC64, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of SPARC
International, Inc in the United States and other countries. SPARC
International, Inc owns all of the SPARC trademarks and under
licensing agreements allows the proper use of these trademarks by
its members.
<p>Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to
distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those
designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was
aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed
by the <span class="quote">&#8220;<span class=
"quote">&#8482;</span>&#8221;</span> or the <span class=
"quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">®</span>&#8221;</span>
symbol.</div></div>
<div>Last modified on 2013-12-23 by gjb.</div>
<div>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="abstract">
<div class="abstract-title">Abstract</div>
<p>This document gives a brief introduction to FreeBSD
10.0-RELEASE. It includes some information on how to obtain
FreeBSD, a listing of various ways to contact the FreeBSD Project,
and pointers to some other sources of
information.</div></div></div>
<hr /></div>
<div class="toc">
<div class="toc-title">Table of Contents</div>
<dl class="toc">
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#intro">1. Introduction</a></span>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#obtain">2. Obtaining
FreeBSD</a></span>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#contacting">3. Contacting the
FreeBSD Project</a></span>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#seealso">4. Further
Reading</a></span>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#acknowledgements">5.
Acknowledgments</a></span></dl></div>
<div class="sect1">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style=
"clear: both"><a id=
"intro"></a>1.&nbsp;Introduction</h2></div></div></div>
<p>This distribution is a snapshot of FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE, the
latest point along the 10.0-STABLE branch.
<div class="sect2">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"idp61832528"></a>1.1.&nbsp;About FreeBSD</h3></div></div></div>
<p>FreeBSD is an operating system based on 4.4 BSD Lite for AMD64
and Intel EM64T based PC hardware (amd64), Intel, AMD, Cyrix or
NexGen <span class="quote">&#8220;<span class=
"quote">x86</span>&#8221;</span> based PC hardware (i386), Intel
Itanium Processor based computers (ia64), NEC PC-9801/9821 series
PCs and compatibles (pc98), and <span class=
"trademark">UltraSPARC</span>® machines (sparc64). Versions for the
<span class="trademark">ARM</span>® (arm), <span class=
"trademark">MIPS</span>® (mips), and <span class=
"trademark">PowerPC</span>® (powerpc) architectures are currently
under development as well. FreeBSD works with a wide variety of
peripherals and configurations and can be used for everything from
software development to games to Internet Service Provision.
<p>This release of FreeBSD contains everything you need to run such
a system, including full source code for the kernel and all
utilities in the base distribution. With the source distribution
installed, you can literally recompile the entire system from
scratch with one command, making it ideal for students,
researchers, or users who simply want to see how it all works.
<p>A large collection of third-party ported software (the
<span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Ports
Collection</span>&#8221;</span>) is also provided to make it easy
to obtain and install all your favorite traditional <span class=
"trademark">UNIX</span>® utilities for FreeBSD. Each <span class=
"quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">port</span>&#8221;</span>
consists of a set of scripts to retrieve, configure, build, and
install a piece of software, with a single command. Over 24,000
ports, from editors to programming languages to graphical
applications, make FreeBSD a powerful and comprehensive operating
environment that extends far beyond what's provided by many
commercial versions of <span class="trademark">UNIX</span>®. Most
ports are also available as pre-compiled <span class=
"quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">packages</span>&#8221;</span>,
which can be quickly installed from the installation program.</div>
<div class="sect2">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"idp61857488"></a>1.2.&nbsp;Target Audience</h3></div></div></div>
<p>This snapshot is aimed primarily at early adopters and various
other users who want to get involved with the ongoing development
of FreeBSD. While the FreeBSD development team tries its best to
ensure that each snapshot works as advertised, 10.0-STABLE is very
much a work-in-progress.
<p>The basic requirements for using this snapshot are technical
proficiency with FreeBSD and an understanding of the ongoing
development process of FreeBSD 10.0-STABLE (as discussed on the
<a class="link" href=
"http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-stable" target=
"_top">FreeBSD-STABLE mailing list</a>).
<p>For those more interested in doing business with FreeBSD than in
experimenting with new FreeBSD technology, formal releases (such as
9.2-RELEASE) are frequently more appropriate. Releases undergo a
period of testing and quality assurance checking to ensure high
reliability and dependability.</div></div>
<div class="sect1">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style=
"clear: both"><a id="obtain"></a>2.&nbsp;Obtaining
FreeBSD</h2></div></div></div>
<p>FreeBSD may be obtained in a variety of ways. This section
focuses on those ways that are primarily useful for obtaining a
complete FreeBSD distribution, rather than updating an existing
installation.
<div class="sect2">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"idp61868752"></a>2.1.&nbsp;CDROM and DVD</h3></div></div></div>
<p>FreeBSD -RELEASE distributions may be ordered on CDROM or DVD
from several publishers. This is frequently the most convenient way
to obtain FreeBSD for new installations, as it provides a
convenient way to quickly reinstall the system if necessary. Some
distributions include some of the optional, precompiled
<span class="quote">&#8220;<span class=
"quote">packages</span>&#8221;</span> from the FreeBSD Ports
Collection, or other extra material.
<p>A list of the CDROM and DVD publishers known to the project are
listed in the <a class="link" href=
"../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors.html"
target="_top"><span class="quote">&#8220;<span class=
"quote">Obtaining FreeBSD</span>&#8221;</span></a> appendix to the
Handbook.</div>
<div class="sect2">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"idp61886032"></a>2.2.&nbsp;FTP</h3></div></div></div>
<p>You can use FTP to retrieve FreeBSD and any or all of its
optional packages from <code class="uri"><a class="uri" href=
"ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/" target=
"_top">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/</a></code>, which is the official
FreeBSD release site, or any of its <span class=
"quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">mirrors</span>&#8221;</span>.
<p>Lists of locations that mirror FreeBSD can be found in the
<a class="link" href=
"../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html"
target="_top">FTP Sites</a> section of the Handbook. Finding a
close (in networking terms) mirror from which to download the
distribution is highly recommended.
<p>Additional mirror sites are always welcome. Contact <code class=
"email">&lt;<a xmlns="" class="email" href=
"mailto:freebsd-admin@FreeBSD.org">freebsd-admin@FreeBSD.org</a>&gt;</code>
for more details on becoming an official mirror site. You can also
find useful information for mirror sites at the <a class="link"
href="../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/hubs/" target=
"_top">Mirroring FreeBSD</a> article.
<p>Mirrors generally contain the ISO images generally used to
create a CDROM of a FreeBSD release. They usually also contain
floppy disk images (for applicable platforms), as well as the files
necessary to do an installation over the network. Finally mirrors
sites usually contain a set of packages for the most current
release.</div></div>
<div class="sect1">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style=
"clear: both"><a id="contacting"></a>3.&nbsp;Contacting the FreeBSD
Project</h2></div></div></div>
<div class="sect2">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"idp61899728"></a>3.1.&nbsp;Email and Mailing
Lists</h3></div></div></div>
<p>For any questions or general technical support issues, please
send mail to the <a class="link" href=
"http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions"
target="_top">FreeBSD general questions mailing list</a>.
<p>If you're tracking the 10.0-STABLE development efforts, you
<span class="emphasis"><em>must</em></span> join the <a class=
"link" href=
"http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-stable" target=
"_top">FreeBSD-STABLE mailing list</a>, in order to keep abreast of
recent developments and changes that may affect the way you use and
maintain the system.
<p>Being a largely-volunteer effort, the FreeBSD Project is always
happy to have extra hands willing to help&#8212;there are already
far more desired enhancements than there is time to implement them.
To contact the developers on technical matters, or with offers of
help, please send mail to the <a class="link" href=
"http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-hackers" target=
"_top">FreeBSD technical discussions mailing list</a>.
<p>Please note that these mailing lists can experience <span class=
"emphasis"><em>significant</em></span> amounts of traffic. If you
have slow or expensive mail access, or are only interested in
keeping up with major FreeBSD events, you may find it preferable to
subscribe instead to the <a class="link" href=
"http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-announce"
target="_top">FreeBSD announcements mailing list</a>.
<p>All of the mailing lists can be freely joined by anyone wishing
to do so. Visit the <a class="link" href=
"../../../../mailman/listinfo" target="_top">FreeBSD Mailman Info
Page</a>. This will give you more information on joining the
various lists, accessing archives, etc. There are a number of
mailing lists targeted at special interest groups not mentioned
here; more information can be obtained either from the Mailman
pages or the <a class="link" href=
"../../../../support.html#mailing-list" target="_top">mailing lists
section</a> of the FreeBSD Web site.
<div xmlns="" class="important">
<h3 class="admontitle">Important:</h3>
<p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Do <span class=
"emphasis"><em>not</em></span> send email to the lists asking to be
subscribed. Use the Mailman interface instead.</div></div>
<div class="sect2">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"idp61927120"></a>3.2.&nbsp;Submitting Problem
Reports</h3></div></div></div>
<p>Suggestions, bug reports and contributions of code are always
valued&#8212;please do not hesitate to report any problems you may
find. Bug reports with attached fixes are of course even more
welcome.
<p>The preferred method to submit bug reports from a machine with
Internet mail connectivity is to use the <a class="citerefentry"
href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=send-pr&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">send-pr</span>(1)</span></a> command.
<span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Problem
Reports</span>&#8221;</span> (PRs) submitted in this way will be
filed and their progress tracked; the FreeBSD developers will do
their best to respond to all reported bugs as soon as possible.
<a class="link" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/query-pr-summary.cgi" target="_top">A
list of all active PRs</a> is available on the FreeBSD Web site;
this list is useful to see what potential problems other users have
encountered.
<p>Note that <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=send-pr&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">send-pr</span>(1)</span></a> itself is
a shell script that should be easy to move even onto a non-FreeBSD
system. Using this interface is highly preferred. If, for some
reason, you are unable to use <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=send-pr&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">send-pr</span>(1)</span></a> to submit
a bug report, you can try to send it to the <a class="link" href=
"http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-bugs" target=
"_top">FreeBSD problem reports mailing list</a>.
<p>For more information, <a class="link" href=
"../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/problem-reports/" target=
"_top"><span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Writing
FreeBSD Problem Reports</span>&#8221;</span></a>, available on the
FreeBSD Web site, has a number of helpful hints on writing and
submitting effective problem reports.</div></div>
<div class="sect1">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style=
"clear: both"><a id="seealso"></a>4.&nbsp;Further
Reading</h2></div></div></div>
<p>There are many sources of information about FreeBSD; some are
included with this distribution, while others are available on-line
or in print versions.
<div class="sect2">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"release-docs"></a>4.1.&nbsp;Release
Documentation</h3></div></div></div>
<p>A number of other files provide more specific information about
this snapshot distribution. These files are provided in various
formats. Most distributions will include both ASCII text
(<code class="filename">.TXT</code>) and HTML (<code class=
"filename">.HTM</code>) renditions. Some distributions may also
include other formats such as Portable Document Format
(<code class="filename">.PDF</code>).
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li class="listitem">
<p><code class="filename">README.TXT</code>: This file, which gives
some general information about FreeBSD as well as some cursory
notes about obtaining a distribution.
<li class="listitem">
<p><code class="filename">RELNOTES.TXT</code>: The release notes,
showing what's new and different in FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE compared
to the previous release (FreeBSD 10.0-CURRENT).
<li class="listitem">
<p><code class="filename">HARDWARE.TXT</code>: The hardware
compatibility list, showing devices with which FreeBSD has been
tested and is known to work.
<li class="listitem">
<p><code class="filename">ERRATA.TXT</code>: Release errata.
Late-breaking, post-release information can be found in this file,
which is principally applicable to releases (as opposed to
snapshots). It is important to consult this file before installing
a release of FreeBSD, as it contains the latest information on
problems which have been found and fixed since the release was
created.</ul></div>
<p>On platforms that support <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bsdinstall&amp;sektion=8">
<span class="citerefentry"><span class=
"refentrytitle">bsdinstall</span>(8)</span></a> (currently amd64,
i386, ia64, pc98, and sparc64), these documents are generally
available via the Documentation menu during installation. Once the
system is installed, you can revisit this menu by re-running the
<a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bsdinstall&amp;sektion=8">
<span class="citerefentry"><span class=
"refentrytitle">bsdinstall</span>(8)</span></a> utility.
<div xmlns="" class="note">
<h3 class="admontitle">Note:</h3>
<p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">It is extremely important
to read the errata for any given release before installing it, to
learn about any <span class="quote">&#8220;<span class=
"quote">late-breaking news</span>&#8221;</span> or post-release
problems. The errata file accompanying each release (most likely
right next to this file) is already out of date by definition, but
other copies are kept updated on the Internet and should be
consulted as the <span class="quote">&#8220;<span class=
"quote">current errata</span>&#8221;</span> for this release. These
other copies of the errata are located at <code class=
"uri"><a class="uri" href="../../../../releases/" target=
"_top">../../../../releases/</a></code> (as well as any sites which
keep up-to-date mirrors of this location).</div></div>
<div class="sect2">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"idp62001616"></a>4.2.&nbsp;Manual Pages</h3></div></div></div>
<p>As with almost all <span class="trademark">UNIX</span>® like
operating systems, FreeBSD comes with a set of on-line manual
pages, accessed through the <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=man&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">man</span>(1)</span></a> command or
through the <a class="link" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi" target="_top">hypertext manual
pages gateway</a> on the FreeBSD Web site. In general, the manual
pages provide information on the different commands and APIs
available to the FreeBSD user.
<p>In some cases, manual pages are written to give information on
particular topics. Notable examples of such manual pages are
<a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tuning&amp;sektion=7"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">tuning</span>(7)</span></a> (a guide to
performance tuning), <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=security&amp;sektion=7"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">security</span>(7)</span></a> (an
introduction to FreeBSD security), and <a class="citerefentry"
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=style&amp;sektion=9">
<span class="citerefentry"><span class=
"refentrytitle">style</span>(9)</span></a> (a style guide to kernel
coding).</div>
<div class="sect2">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"idp62015952"></a>4.3.&nbsp;Books and
Articles</h3></div></div></div>
<p>Two highly-useful collections of FreeBSD-related information,
maintained by the FreeBSD Project, are the FreeBSD Handbook and
FreeBSD FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions document). On-line versions
of the <a class="link" href=
"../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/" target=
"_top">Handbook</a> and <a class="link" href=
"../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq/" target="_top">FAQ</a>
are always available from the <a class="link" href=
"../../../../docs.html" target="_top">FreeBSD Documentation
page</a> or its mirrors. If you install the <code class=
"filename">doc</code> distribution set, you can use a Web browser
to read the Handbook and FAQ locally. In particular, note that the
Handbook contains a step-by-step guide to installing FreeBSD.
<p>A number of on-line books and articles, also maintained by the
FreeBSD Project, cover more-specialized, FreeBSD-related topics.
This material spans a wide range of topics, from effective use of
the mailing lists, to dual-booting FreeBSD with other operating
systems, to guidelines for new committers. Like the Handbook and
FAQ, these documents are available from the FreeBSD Documentation
Page or in the <code class="filename">doc</code> distribution set.
<p>A listing of other books and documents about FreeBSD can be
found in the <a class="link" href=
"../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/bibliography.html"
target="_top">bibliography</a> of the FreeBSD Handbook. Because of
FreeBSD's strong <span class="trademark">UNIX</span>® heritage,
many other articles and books written for <span class=
"trademark">UNIX</span>® systems are applicable as well, some of
which are also listed in the bibliography.</div></div>
<div class="sect1">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style=
"clear: both"><a id=
"acknowledgements"></a>5.&nbsp;Acknowledgments</h2></div></div></div>
<p>FreeBSD represents the cumulative work of many hundreds, if not
thousands, of individuals from around the world who have worked
countless hours to bring about this snapshot. For a complete list
of FreeBSD developers and contributors, please see <a class="link"
href="../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/contributors/"
target="_top"><span class="quote">&#8220;<span class=
"quote">Contributors to FreeBSD</span>&#8221;</span></a> on the
FreeBSD Web site or any of its mirrors.
<p>Special thanks also go to the many thousands of FreeBSD users
and testers all over the world, without whom this snapshot simply
would not have been possible.</div></div>

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<div class="article">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h1 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"idp60660816"></a>FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE Release Notes</h1></div>
<div>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="author">
<h3 class="author"><span class="orgname">The FreeBSD
Project</span></h3></div></div>
<div>
<p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="copyright">Copyright
© 2000-2013 The FreeBSD Documentation Project</div>
<div>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="legalnotice">
<a id="trademarks"></a>
<p>FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.
<p>IBM, AIX, OS/2, PowerPC, PS/2, S/390, and ThinkPad are
trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation in the
United States, other countries, or both.
<p>IEEE, POSIX, and 802 are registered trademarks of Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. in the United States.
<p>Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and
Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation
or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.
<p>SPARC, SPARC64, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of SPARC
International, Inc in the United States and other countries. SPARC
International, Inc owns all of the SPARC trademarks and under
licensing agreements allows the proper use of these trademarks by
its members.
<p>Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to
distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those
designations appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was
aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed
by the <span class="quote">&#8220;<span class=
"quote">&#8482;</span>&#8221;</span> or the <span class=
"quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">®</span>&#8221;</span>
symbol.</div></div>
<div>Last modified on 2013-12-23 by gjb.</div>
<div>
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="abstract">
<div class="abstract-title">Abstract</div>
<p>The release notes for FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE contain a summary of
the changes made to the FreeBSD base system on the 10.0-STABLE
development line. This document lists applicable security
advisories that were issued since the last release, as well as
significant changes to the FreeBSD kernel and userland. Some brief
remarks on upgrading are also presented.</div></div></div>
<hr /></div>
<div class="toc">
<div class="toc-title">Table of Contents</div>
<dl class="toc">
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#intro">1. Introduction</a></span>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#new">2. What's New</a></span>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#upgrade">3. Upgrading from
previous releases of FreeBSD</a></span></dl></div>
<div class="sect1">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style=
"clear: both"><a id=
"intro"></a>1.&nbsp;Introduction</h2></div></div></div>
<p>This document contains the release notes for FreeBSD
10.0-RELEASE. It describes recently added, changed, or deleted
features of FreeBSD. It also provides some notes on upgrading from
previous versions of FreeBSD.
<p>The latest, up-to-date version of the release notes are
available online at <code class="uri"><a class="uri" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/10.0R/relnotes.html" target=
"_top">http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/10.0R/relnotes.html</a></code>.
<p>The snapshot distribution to which these release notes apply
represents a point along the 10.0-STABLE development branch between
10.0-CURRENT and the future 10.1-RELEASE. Information regarding
pre-built, binary snapshot distributions along this branch can be
found at <code class="uri"><a class="uri" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/" target=
"_top">http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/</a></code>.
<p>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata before
installing FreeBSD. The errata document is updated with
<span class="quote">&#8220;<span class=
"quote">late-breaking</span>&#8221;</span> information discovered
late in the release cycle or after the release. Typically, it
contains information on known bugs, security advisories, and
corrections to documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for
FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE can be found on the FreeBSD Web site.</div>
<div class="sect1">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style=
"clear: both"><a id="new"></a>2.&nbsp;What's
New</h2></div></div></div>
<p>This section describes the most user-visible new or changed
features in FreeBSD since 10.0-CURRENT. In general, changes
described here are unique to the 10.0-STABLE branch unless
specifically marked as MERGED features.
<p>Typical release note items document recent security advisories
issued after 10.0-CURRENT, new drivers or hardware support, new
commands or options, major bug fixes, or contributed software
upgrades. They may also list changes to major ports/packages or
release engineering practices. Clearly the release notes cannot
list every single change made to FreeBSD between releases; this
document focuses primarily on security advisories, user-visible
changes, and major architectural improvements.
<div class="sect2">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"security"></a>2.1.&nbsp;Security Advisories</h3></div></div></div>
<p>No security advisories.</div>
<div class="sect2">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"kernel"></a>2.2.&nbsp;Kernel Changes</h3></div></div></div>
<p>The use of unmapped VMIO buffers eliminates the need to perform
TLB shootdown for mapping on buffer creation and reuse, greatly
reducing the amount of IPIs for shootdown on big-SMP machines and
eliminating up to 25-30% of the system time on i/o intensive
workloads.
<p>The maximum amount of memory the FreeBSD kernel can address has
been increased from 1TB to 4TB.
<p>A new <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cpuset&amp;sektion=2"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">cpuset</span>(2)</span></a> API has
been added for thread to CPU binding and CPU resource grouping and
assignment. The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cpuset&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">cpuset</span>(1)</span></a> userland
utility has been added to allow manipulation of processor sets.
<p class="merged">The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ddb&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">ddb</span>(4)</span></a> kernel
debugger now has an output capture facility. Input and output from
<a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ddb&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">ddb</span>(4)</span></a> can now be
captured to a memory buffer for later inspection using <a class=
"citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">sysctl</span>(8)</span></a> or a
textdump. The new <code class="command">capture</code> command
controls this feature.
<p class="merged">The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ddb&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">ddb</span>(4)</span></a> debugger now
supports a simple scripting facility, which supports a set of named
scripts consisting of a set of <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ddb&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">ddb</span>(4)</span></a> commands.
These commands can be managed from within <a class="citerefentry"
href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ddb&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">ddb</span>(4)</span></a> or with the
use of the new <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ddb&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">ddb</span>(8)</span></a> utility. More
details can be found in the <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ddb&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">ddb</span>(4)</span></a> manual page.
<p class="merged">The kernel now supports a new textdump format of
kernel dumps. A textdump provides higher-level information via
mechanically generated/extracted debugging output, rather than a
simple memory dump. This facility can be used to generate brief
kernel bug reports that are rich in debugging information, but are
not dependent on kernel symbol tables or precisely synchronized
source code. More information can be found in the <a class=
"citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=textdump&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">textdump</span>(4)</span></a> manual
page.
<p>Kernel support for M:N threading has been removed. While the KSE
(Kernel Scheduled Entities) project was quite successful in
bringing threading to FreeBSD, the M:N approach taken by the KSE
library was never developed to its full potential. Backwards
compatibility for applications using KSE threading will be provided
via <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=libmap.conf&amp;sektion=5">
<span class="citerefentry"><span class=
"refentrytitle">libmap.conf</span>(5)</span></a> for dynamically
linked binaries. The FreeBSD Project greatly appreciates the work
of Julian Elischer, Daniel Eischen, and David Xu on KSE support.
<p>The FreeBSD kernel now exports information about certain kernel
features via the <code class="varname">kern.features</code> sysctl
tree. The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=feature_present&amp;sektion=3">
<span class="citerefentry"><span class=
"refentrytitle">feature_present</span>(3)</span></a> library call
provides a convenient interface for user applications to test the
presence of features.
<p>The FreeBSD kernel now has support for large memory page
mappings (<span class="quote">&#8220;<span class=
"quote">superpages</span>&#8221;</span>).
<p class="merged">The ULE scheduler is now the default process
scheduler in <code class="filename">GENERIC</code> kernels.
<p>Support was added for the new Intel on-CPU Bull Mountain random
number generator, found on IvyBridge and supposedly later CPUs,
accessible with RDRAND instruction.
<div class="sect3">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"kernel-virtualization"></a>2.2.1.&nbsp;Virtualization
support</h4></div></div></div>
<p>The BSD Hypervisor, <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bhyve&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">bhyve</span>(8)</span></a> is included
with FreeBSD. <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bhyve&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">bhyve</span>(8)</span></a> requires
Intel CPUs with VT-x and Extended Page Table (EPT) support. These
features are on all Nehalem models and beyond (e.g. Nehalem and
newer), but not on the lower-end Atom CPUs.
<p><a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=virtio&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">virtio</span>(4)</span></a> support has
been added. <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=virtio&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">virtio</span>(4)</span></a> is the name
for the paravirtualization interface developed for the Linux KVM,
but since adopted to other virtual machine hypervisors (with the
notable exception of Xen). This work brings in a BSD-licensed
clean-room implementation of the virtio kernel drivers for disk IO
(<a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=virtio_blk&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">virtio_blk</span>(4)</span></a>
and <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=virtio_scsi&amp;sektion=4">
<span class="citerefentry"><span class=
"refentrytitle">virtio_scsi</span>(4)</span></a>), network IO
(<a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vtnet&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">vtnet</span>(4)</span></a>),
memory ballooning (<a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=virtio_balloon&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">virtio_balloon</span>(4)</span></a>),
and PCI. Tested with on Qemu/KVM, VirtualBox, and <a class=
"citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bhyve&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">bhyve</span>(4)</span></a>.
<p>Paravirtualized drivers which support Microsoft Hyper-V have
been imported and made part of the amd64 GENERIC kernel. For i386,
these drivers are not part of GENERIC, so the following lines must
be added to <code class="filename">/boot/loader.conf</code> to load
these drivers:
<pre class="programlisting">
hv_ata_pci_disengage_load="YES"
hv_netsvc_load="YES"
hv_utils_load="YES"
hv_vmbus_load="YES"
</pre>
<p>Alternatively, the Hyper-V drivers can be added to the i386
kernel by adding <code class="literal">device hyperv</code> to the
kernel config, and then recompiling the kernel.
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vmx&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">vmx</span>(4)</span></a> driver has
been added. <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vmx&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">vmx</span>(4)</span></a> is a VMware
VMXNET3 ethernet driver ported from OpenBSD.
<p>Xen PVHVM virtualization is now part of the GENERIC
kernel.</div>
<div class="sect3">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"kernel-arm"></a>2.2.2.&nbsp;ARM support</h4></div></div></div>
<p>Raspberry PI support has been added. Refer to these <a class=
"link" href="http://kernelnomicon.org/?p=164" target="_top">setup
instructions</a> and <a class="link" href=
"http://www.raspberrypi.org/quick-start-guide" target="_top">quick
start guide</a>.
<p>The default ABI on ARM is now the ARM EABI. This brings a number
of improvements and allows future support for VFP and Thumb-2.
<p>ARM support has been greatly improved, including support for
ARMv6 and ARMv7, SMP and thread-local storage (TLS). Additionally
support for some newer SoC like the MV78x60 and OMAP4 was added.
See <a class="link" href=
"http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-arm/2012-August/003757.html"
target="_top">this announcement</a> for further details.
<p>Superpages support on ARM has been added. Superpages support
provides improved performance and scalability by allowing TLB
translations to dynamically cover large physical memory regions.
All ARMv6 and ARMv7-based platforms can take advantage of this
feature. See <a class="link" href=
"https://wiki.freebsd.org/ARMSuperpages" target="_top">this
page</a> for further details.</div>
<div class="sect3">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"boot"></a>2.2.3.&nbsp;Boot Loader Changes</h4></div></div></div>
<p class="merged">The BTX kernel used by the boot loader has been
changed to invoke BIOS routines from real mode. This change makes
it possible to boot FreeBSD from USB devices.
<p class="merged">A new gptboot boot loader has been added to
support booting from a GPT labeled disk. A new <code class=
"command">boot</code> command has been added to <a class=
"citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gpt&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">gpt</span>(8)</span></a>, which makes a
GPT disk bootable by writing the required bits of the boot loader,
creating a new boot partition if required.</div>
<div class="sect3">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"proc"></a>2.2.4.&nbsp;Hardware Support</h4></div></div></div>
<p class="merged">The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cmx&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">cmx</span>(4)</span></a> driver, a
driver for Omnikey CardMan 4040 PCMCIA smartcard readers, has been
added.
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=syscons&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">syscons</span>(4)</span></a> driver now
supports Colemak keyboard layout.
<p class="merged">The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=uslcom&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">uslcom</span>(4)</span></a> driver, a
driver for Silicon Laboratories CP2101/CP2102-based USB serial
adapters, has been imported from OpenBSD.
<div class="sect4">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h5 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"mm"></a>2.2.4.1.&nbsp;Multimedia Support</h5></div></div></div>
<p>Support for version 2.0 of the USB Audio reference design has
been added. New devices should support higher bandwidth, increased
sampling frequency and wider dynamic range.</div>
<div class="sect4">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h5 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"net-if"></a>2.2.4.2.&nbsp;Network Interface
Support</h5></div></div></div>
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ale&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">ale</span>(4)</span></a> driver has
been added to provide support for Atheros AR8121/AR8113/AR8114
Gigabit/Fast Ethernet controllers.
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=em&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">em</span>(4)</span></a> driver has been
split into two drivers with some common parts. The <a class=
"citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=em&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">em</span>(4)</span></a> driver will
continue to support adapters up to the 82575, as well as new
client/desktop adapters. A new <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=igb&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">igb</span>(4)</span></a> driver will
support new server adapters.
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=jme&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">jme</span>(4)</span></a> driver has
been added to provide support for PCIe network adapters based on
JMicron JMC250 Gigabit Ethernet and JMC260 Fast Ethernet
controllers.
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=malo&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">malo</span>(4)</span></a> driver has
been added to provide support for Marvell Libertas 88W8335 based
PCI network adapters.
<p>The firmware for the <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mxge&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">mxge</span>(4)</span></a> driver has
been updated from 1.4.25 to 1.4.29.
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sf&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">sf</span>(4)</span></a> driver has been
overhauled to improve its performance and to add support for
checksum offloading. It should also work on all architectures.
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=re&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">re</span>(4)</span></a> driver has been
overhauled to fix a number of issues. This driver now has Wake On
LAN (WOL) support.
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vr&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">vr</span>(4)</span></a> driver has been
overhauled to fix a number of outstanding issues. It also now works
on all architectures.
<p class="merged">The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpi&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">wpi</span>(4)</span></a> driver has
been updated to include a number of stability fixes.
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cxgbe&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">cxgbe</span>(4)</span></a> driver has
been updated to support 40G/10G Ethernet NICs based on Chelsio's
Terminator 5 (T5) ASIC.
<p>The iw_cxgbe driver has been added. This is an experimental
iWARP/RDMA driver (kernel verbs only) for Chelsio's T4 and T5 based
cards.
<p>The Open Fabrics Enterprise Distribution (OFED) and OFED
Infiniband core has been updated to the same version as supplied by
Linux version 3.7
<p>The Mellanox Infiniband driver has been updated to firmware
version 2.30.3200 for ConnectX3 NICs. Support has been added for
ConnectX3 VPI NICs, where each port can be used as Infiniband 56
GB/s or Ethernet 40 GB/s. Support has been added for dynamically
loading kernel modules for Infiniband core (ibcore) and IP over
Infiniband (ipoib).
<p><a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=netmap&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">netmap</span>(4)</span></a> has been
added. <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=netmap&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">netmap</span>(4)</span></a> is a
framework for high-performance direct-to-hardware packet IO,
offering low latency and high PPS rates to userland applications
while bypassing any kernel-side packet processing. With <a class=
"citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=netmap&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">netmap</span>(4)</span></a> it is
trivially possible to fully saturate a 10 Gbps network interface
with minimal packet sizes. For more information, see: <a class=
"link" href="http://info.iet.unipi.it/~luigi/netmap/" target=
"_top">Netmap Project</a>.</div></div>
<div class="sect3">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"net-proto"></a>2.2.5.&nbsp;Network
Protocols</h4></div></div></div>
<p><a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=carp&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">carp</span>(4)</span></a> has been
rewritten to make addresses more sane from the viewpoint of routing
daemons such as quagga/zebra. It also brings support for a single
redundant address on the subnet (carpdev), switching state with
<a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ifconfig&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">ifconfig</span>(8)</span></a>, better
locking and using modern kernel interfaces to allocate multicast
memberships. Configuration of the CARP protocol via <a class=
"citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ifconfig&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">ifconfig</span>(8)</span></a> has
changed, as well as format of CARP events submitted to <a class=
"citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">devd</span>(8)</span></a> has changed.
See <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=carp&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">carp</span>(4)</span></a> for more
information. The arpbalance feature of <a class="citerefentry"
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=carp&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">carp</span>(4)</span></a> is currently
not supported anymore.
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pf&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">pf</span>(4)</span></a> firewall now
supports fine-grain locking and better utilization on multi-cpu
machines resulting in significant improvements in performance.
<p>Support for up to 65536 routing tables has been introduced.
<p>Support for setting/matching differentiated services codepoints
(DSCP) in IP header has been added to <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ipfw&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">ipfw</span>(8)</span></a>.</div>
<div class="sect3">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"disks"></a>2.2.6.&nbsp;Disks and Storage</h4></div></div></div>
<p class="merged">The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aac&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">aac</span>(4)</span></a> driver now
supports volumes larger than 2TB in size.
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ata&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">ata</span>(4)</span></a> driver now
supports a spindown command for disks; after a configurable amount
of time, if no requests have been received for a disk, the disk
will be spun down until the next request. The <a class=
"citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=atacontrol&amp;sektion=8">
<span class="citerefentry"><span class=
"refentrytitle">atacontrol</span>(8)</span></a> utility now
supports a <code class="command">spindown</code> command to
configure this feature.
<p class="merged">The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hptrr&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">hptrr</span>(4)</span></a> driver has
been updated to version 1.2 from Highpoint.
<p><a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nvme&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">nvme</span>(4)</span></a> has been
added and provides NVM Express support. NVM Express is an optimized
register interface, command set and feature set of PCI Express
(PCIe)-based Solid-State Drives (SSDs). For more information, see
<a class="link" href="http://http://www.nvmexpress.org/" target=
"_top">nvmexpress.org</a>.</div>
<div class="sect3">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"fs"></a>2.2.7.&nbsp;File Systems</h4></div></div></div>
<p>A new kernel-based iSCSI target and initiator has been added
<p>UFS filesystems can now be enlarged with <a class="citerefentry"
href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=growfs&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">growfs</span>(8)</span></a> while
mounted read-write. This is especially useful for virtual machines,
allowing the addition of more harddrive space without interruption
of service.
<p>A state of the art FUSE implementation is now part of the base
system. It allows the use of nearly all fusefs file systems
<div class="sect4">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h5 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"fs-zfs"></a>2.2.7.1.&nbsp;ZFS</h5></div></div></div>
<p><a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bsdinstall&amp;sektion=8">
<span class="citerefentry"><span class=
"refentrytitle">bsdinstall</span>(8)</span></a> now supports
installing ZFS on the root file system. It includes a single
configuration menu that allows you to select all of the required
details, including which drives to use, what ZFS RAID level to use
(taking into consideration the selected number of drives), GPT or
MBR, GELI encryption, forcing 4K sectors, pool name, etc.
<p>TRIM support has been added for ZFS.
<p>Support for the high performance LZ4 compression algorithm has
been added to ZFS. LZ4 is usually faster and can achieve a higher
compression ratio than LZJB, the default compression algorithm
<p>Support for L2ARC compression has been added to ZFS.
<p>The zio nop-write improvement from Illumos was imported into
FreeBSD. To reduce I/O, nop-write skips overwriting data if the
checksum (cryptographically secure) of new data matches the
checksum of existing data. It also saves space if snapshots are in
use. This improvement only works only on datasets with enabled
compression, disabled deduplication and sha256 checksums.
<p>ZFS will now compare the checksums of incoming writes to the
checksum of the existing on-disk data and avoid issuing any write
I/O for data that has not changed. This will reduce I/O as well as
space usage because if the old block is referenced by a snapshot,
both copies of the block are kept even though both contain the same
data.</div></div></div>
<div class="sect2">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"userland"></a>2.3.&nbsp;Userland Changes</h3></div></div></div>
<p>On platforms where <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=clang&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">clang</span>(1)</span></a> is the
default system compiler, (such as i386, amd64, arm) GCC and GNU
libstdc++ are no longer built by default. <a class="citerefentry"
href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=clang&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">clang</span>(1)</span></a> and libc++
from LLVM are used on these platforms by instead. GCC 4.2.1 and
libstdc++ are still built and used by default on pc98 and all other
platforms where <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=clang&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">clang</span>(1)</span></a> is not the
default system compiler.
<p><a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=clang&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">clang</span>(1)</span></a> and llvm
have been updated to version 3.3 release. Please refer to <a class=
"link" href=
"http://llvm.org/releases/3.3/tools/clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.html"
target="_top">Clang 3.3 Release Notes.</a>
<p class="merged">BIND has been replaced by <a class="citerefentry"
href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=unbound&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">unbound</span>(8)</span></a> for local
dns resolution in the base system. With this change, nslookup and
dig are no longer a part of the base system. Users should instead
use <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=host&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">host</span>(1)</span></a> and <a class=
"citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=drill&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">drill</span>(1)</span></a>
Alternatively, nslookup and dig can be obtained by installing the
dns/bind-tools port.
<p>sysinstall has been removed from the base system. Auxiliary
libraries and tools used by sysinstall such as libdisk, libftpio,
and sade have also been removed. sysinstall has been replaced by
<a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bsdinstall&amp;sektion=8">
<span class="citerefentry"><span class=
"refentrytitle">bsdinstall</span>(8)</span></a> and <a class=
"citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bsdconfig&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">bsdconfig</span>(8)</span></a>.
<p><a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=freebsd-version&amp;sektion=1">
<span class="citerefentry"><span class=
"refentrytitle">freebsd-version</span>(1)</span></a> has been
added. This tool makes a best effort to determine the version and
patch level of the installed kernel and userland.
<p>GNU patch has been removed from the base system, and replaced by
a BSD-licensed <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=patch&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">patch</span>(1)</span></a> program.
<p>GNU sort has been removed from the base system, and replaced by
a BSD-licensed <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sort&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">sort</span>(1)</span></a> program.
<p>Berkely yacc (byacc) has been imported from <a class="link"
href="http://invisible-island.net/byacc/" target="_top">invisible
island</a>. This brings bison compatibilities to <a class=
"citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=yacc&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">yacc</span>(1)</span></a> while
preserving full backwards compatibility with previous version of
<a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=yacc&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">yacc</span>(1)</span></a>.
<p><a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lex&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">lex</span>(1)</span></a> has been
replaced by flex 2.5.37
<p><a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=make&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">make</span>(1)</span></a> has been
replaced with the "Portable" BSD make tool (bmake) from NetBSD.
<p class="merged">The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=adduser&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">adduser</span>(8)</span></a> utility
now supports a <code class="option">-M</code> option to set the
mode of a new user's home directory.
<p>BSD-licensed versions of <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ar&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">ar</span>(1)</span></a> and <a class=
"citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ranlib&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">ranlib</span>(1)</span></a>, based on
<code class="filename">libarchive</code>, have replaced the GNU
Binutils versions of these utilities.
<p>BSD-licensed versions of <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bc&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">bc</span>(1)</span></a> and <a class=
"citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dc&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">dc</span>(1)</span></a> have replaced
their GNU counterparts.
<p class="merged"><a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=chflags&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">chflags</span>(1)</span></a> now
supports a <code class="option">-v</code> flag for verbose output
and a <code class="option">-f</code> flag to ignore errors with the
same semantics as (for example) <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=chmod&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">chmod</span>(1)</span></a>.
<p>For compatibility with other implementations, <a class=
"citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cp&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">cp</span>(1)</span></a> now supports a
<code class="option">-a</code> flag, which is equivalent to
specifying the <code class="option">-RrP</code> flags.
<p>BSD-licensed version of <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cpio&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">cpio</span>(1)</span></a> based on
<code class="filename">libarchive</code>, has replaced the GNU
cpio. Note that the GNU cpio is still installed as <code class=
"filename">gcpio</code>.
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=env&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">env</span>(1)</span></a> program now
supports <code class="option">-u <em class=
"replaceable"><code>name</code></em></code> which will completely
unset the given variable <em class=
"replaceable"><code>name</code></em> by removing it from the
environment, instead of just setting it to a null value.
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fdopendir&amp;sektion=3"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">fdopendir</span>(3)</span></a> library
function has been added.
<p class="merged">The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fetch&amp;sektion=3"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">fetch</span>(3)</span></a> library now
support HTTP 1.1 If-Modified-Since behavior. The <a class=
"citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fetch&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">fetch</span>(1)</span></a> program now
supports <code class="option">-i <em class=
"replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code> which will only
download the specified HTTP URL if the content is newer than
<em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em>.
<p><a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=find&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">find</span>(1)</span></a> has been
enhanced by the addition of a number of primaries that were present
in GNU find but not FreeBSD <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=find&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">find</span>(1)</span></a>.
<p><a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kgdb&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">kgdb</span>(1)</span></a> now supports
a new <code class="command">add-kld</code> command to make it
easier to debug crash dumps with kernel modules.
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ls&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">ls</span>(1)</span></a> program now
supports a <code class="option">-D</code> option to specify a date
format string to be used with the long format (<code class=
"option">-l</code>) output.
<p><a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nc&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">nc</span>(1)</span></a> now supports a
<code class="option">-O</code> switch to disable the use of TCP
options.
<p><a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nc&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">nc</span>(1)</span></a>'s <code class=
"option">-o</code> switch has been deprecated. It will be removed
in a future release.
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ping6&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">ping6</span>(8)</span></a> utility now
returns <code class="literal">2</code> when the packet transmission
was successful but no responses were received (this is the same
behavior as <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ping&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">ping</span>(8)</span></a>). It returned
a non-zero value before this change.
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=procstat&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">procstat</span>(1)</span></a> utility
has been added to display detailed information about processes.
<p class="merged">The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=realpath&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">realpath</span>(1)</span></a> utility
now supports a <code class="option">-q</code> flag to suppress
warnings; it now also accepts multiple paths on its command line.
<p><a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sh&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">sh</span>(1)</span></a> has many bug
fixes, some new features, and will now refuse to parse some invalid
scripts. Additionally, it now has filename completion and defaults
to the "emacs" editing mode.
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=split&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">split</span>(1)</span></a> utility now
supports a <code class="option">-n</code> flag to split a file into
a certain number of chunks.
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tar&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">tar</span>(1)</span></a> utility now
supports a <code class="option">-Z</code> flag to enable <a class=
"citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=compress&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">compress</span>(1)</span></a>-style
compression/decompression.
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tar&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">tar</span>(1)</span></a> utility now
supports a <code class="option">--numeric-owner</code> flag to
ignore user/group names on create and extract.
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tar&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">tar</span>(1)</span></a> utility now
supports an <code class="option">-S</code> flag to sparsify files
on extraction.
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tar&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">tar</span>(1)</span></a> utility now
supports a <code class="option">-s</code> flag to substitute
filenames based on the specified regular expression.
<p>The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tcgetsid&amp;sektion=3"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">tcgetsid</span>(3)</span></a> library
function has been added to return the process group ID for the
session leader for the controlling terminal. It is defined in IEEE
Std 1003.1-2001 (POSIX).
<p><a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=top&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">top</span>(1)</span></a> now supports a
<code class="option">-P</code> flag to provide per-CPU usage
statistics.
<p><a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zdump&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">zdump</span>(8)</span></a> is now
working properly on 64 bit architectures.
<p><a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=traceroute&amp;sektion=8">
<span class="citerefentry"><span class=
"refentrytitle">traceroute</span>(8)</span></a> now has the ability
to print the AS number for each hop with the new <code class=
"option">-a</code> switch; a new <code class="option">-A</code>
option allows selecting a particular WHOIS server.
<p><a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=traceroute6&amp;sektion=8">
<span class="citerefentry"><span class=
"refentrytitle">traceroute6</span>(8)</span></a> now supports a
<code class="option">-U</code> flag to send probe packets with no
upper-layer protocol, rather than the usual UDP probe
packets.</div>
<div class="sect2">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"contrib"></a>2.4.&nbsp;Contributed Software</h3></div></div></div>
<p><a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=jemalloc&amp;sektion=3"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">jemalloc</span>(3)</span></a> has been
updated to 3.4.0. See <a class="link" href=
"http://www.facebook.com/jemalloc/" target="_top">this link</a>.
for more details.
<p class="merged"><span class="application">AMD</span> has been
updated from 6.0.10 to 6.1.5.
<p class="merged"><span class="application">awk</span> has been
updated from 1 May 2007 release to the 23 October 2007 release.
<p class="merged"><span class="application">bzip2</span> has been
updated from 1.0.4 to 1.0.5.
<p><span class="application">CVS</span> has been removed from the
base system, but is still available from ports
<p>Subversion has been imported into the base system and is
installed as <span class="application">svnlite</span>. <span class=
"application">svnlite</span> should only be used for checking out
FreeBSD source and committing, and does not replace the full
Subversion port.
<p><span class="application">file</span> has been updated to 5.11.
<p><span class="application">hostapd</span> has been updated from
0.5.8 to 0.5.10.
<p><span class="application">IPFilter</span> has been updated to
5.1.2.
<p><span class="application">less</span> has been updated to v458.
<p><span class="application">ncurses</span> has been updated from
to 5.7-20081102.
<p class="merged"><span class="application">OpenSSH</span> has been
updated to 6.4.
<p><span class="application">OpenPAM</span> has been updated to the
Micrampelis release.
<p class="merged"><span class="application">sendmail</span> has
been updated from 8.14.1 to 8.14.7.
<p class="merged">The timezone database has been updated from the
<span class="application">tzdata2008h</span> release to the
<span class="application">tzdata2009m</span> release.
<p>The stdtime part of libc, <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zdump&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">zdump</span>(8)</span></a> and
<a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zic&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">zic</span>(8)</span></a> have been
updated from the <span class="application">tzcode2004a</span>
release to the <span class="application">tzcode2009h</span>
release. If you have upgraded from source or via the <a class=
"citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=freebsd-update&amp;sektion=8">
<span class="citerefentry"><span class=
"refentrytitle">freebsd-update</span>(8)</span></a>, then please
run <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tzsetup&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">tzsetup</span>(8)</span></a> to install
a new /etc/localtime.
<p><span class="application">WPA Supplicant</span> has been updated
to 2.0.
<p class="merged"><span class="application">xz</span> has been
updated from snapshot as of 12 April 2010 to 5.0.0.
<p class="merged"><a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nvi&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">nvi</span>(1)</span></a> has been
updated to 2.1.2.
<p><a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nvi&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">nvi</span>(1)</span></a> supports wide
character locales.</div>
<div class="sect2">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"ports"></a>2.5.&nbsp;Ports/Packages Collection
Infrastructure</h3></div></div></div>
<p>The pkg_add, pkg_create, pkg_delete, pkg_info, pkg_updating, and
pkg_version utilities have been removed. <a class="citerefentry"
href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pkg&amp;sektion=7"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">pkg</span>(7)</span></a> must now be
used to install binary packages. <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pkg&amp;sektion=7"><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">pkg</span>(7)</span></a> is the next
generation FreeBSD package manager, also referred to as
"pkgng".</div>
<div class="sect2">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id=
"releng"></a>2.6.&nbsp;Release Engineering and
Integration</h3></div></div></div>
<p class="merged">The supported version of the <span class=
"application">GNOME</span> desktop environment (<span class=
"package">x11/gnome2</span>) has been updated from 2.20.1 to
2.22.</div></div>
<div class="sect1">
<div xmlns="" class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style=
"clear: both"><a id="upgrade"></a>3.&nbsp;Upgrading from previous
releases of FreeBSD</h2></div></div></div>
<p>Beginning with FreeBSD 6.2-RELEASE, binary upgrades between
RELEASE versions (and snapshots of the various security branches)
are supported using the <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=freebsd-update&amp;sektion=8">
<span class="citerefentry"><span class=
"refentrytitle">freebsd-update</span>(8)</span></a> utility. The
binary upgrade procedure will update unmodified userland utilities,
as well as unmodified GENERIC or SMP kernels distributed as a part
of an official FreeBSD release. The <a class="citerefentry" href=
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=freebsd-update&amp;sektion=8">
<span class="citerefentry"><span class=
"refentrytitle">freebsd-update</span>(8)</span></a> utility
requires that the host being upgraded have Internet connectivity.
<p>Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the FreeBSD
base system from source code) from previous versions are supported,
according to the instructions in <code class=
"filename">/usr/src/UPDATING</code>.
<div xmlns="" class="important">
<h3 class="admontitle">Important:</h3>
<p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Upgrading FreeBSD should,
of course, only be attempted after backing up <span class=
"emphasis"><em>all</em></span> data and configuration
files.</div></div></div>