diff --git a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/boot/chapter.sgml b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/boot/chapter.sgml index 95676520eb..234167ff5c 100644 --- a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/boot/chapter.sgml +++ b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/boot/chapter.sgml @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ @@ -9,7 +9,9 @@ Synopsis - + booting + bootstrap + FreeBSD uses a three-stage bootstrap by default, which basically entails three programs which call each other in order (two boot @@ -18,6 +20,9 @@ previous program's understanding and provide increasing amounts of sophistication. + kernel + init + The kernel is then started, which will then probe for devices and initialize them for use. Once the kernel boot process is finished, the kernel passes control to the user process @@ -42,6 +47,8 @@ programs to determine what configuration details were determined. + BIOS + CMOS In standard personal computers, this involves the BIOS (which oversees the bootstrap), and CMOS (which stores configuration). BIOS and CMOS understand disks, and also @@ -59,7 +66,8 @@ boot0 - + Master Boot Record (MBR) + There is actually a preceding bootblock, named boot0, which lives on the Master Boot Record, the special part of the disk that the @@ -126,6 +134,7 @@ boot: Loader: Bootstrap Stage Three + boot-loader The loader is the final stage of the three-stage bootstrap, and is located on the filesystem, usually as /boot/loader. @@ -151,6 +160,8 @@ boot: booting from. It will set variables accordingly, and then the interpreter is started, and the easy-to-use commands are explained to it. + loader + loader configuration loader will then read /boot/loader.rc, which by default reads @@ -320,6 +331,7 @@ boot: + single-user mode To simply boot your usual kernel, but in single-user mode: @@ -329,6 +341,7 @@ boot: To unload your usual kernel and modules, and then load just your old (or another) kernel: + kernel.old unload load kernel.old @@ -363,6 +376,10 @@ boot: Kernel Interaction During Boot + + kernel + boot interaction + Once the kernel is loaded by either loader (as usual) or necessary. + + kernel + bootflags + Kernel Boot Flags Here are the more common boot flags: @@ -433,6 +454,7 @@ boot: + init Init: Process Control Initialization Once the kernel has finished booting, it passes control to @@ -455,6 +477,8 @@ boot: Single-User Mode + single-user mode + console This mode can be reached through the automatic reboot @@ -497,6 +521,7 @@ console none unknown off insecure Multi-User Mode + multi-user mode If init finds your filesystems to be in order, or once the user has finished in resource configuration of the system. + rc files Resource Configuration (rc) The resource configuration system reads in @@ -527,6 +553,7 @@ console none unknown off insecure Shutdown Sequence + shutdown Upon controlled shutdown, via shutdown, init will attempt to run the script