diff --git a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/firewalls/chapter.xml b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/firewalls/chapter.xml
index c2096b6597..8220cb7903 100644
--- a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/firewalls/chapter.xml
+++ b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/firewalls/chapter.xml
@@ -1659,7 +1659,7 @@ ipnat_rules="/etc/ipnat.rules"    # rules definition file for ipnat</programlist
 
       <programlisting>&prompt.root; <userinput>service ipfilter start</userinput></programlisting>
 
-      <para>To load the ruleset file, specify the name of the file using <command>ipf</command>.
+      <para>To load the firewall rules, specify the name of the ruleset file using <command>ipf</command>.
 	The following command can
 	be used to replace the currently running firewall
 	rules:</para>
@@ -1691,9 +1691,13 @@ ipnat_rules="/etc/ipnat.rules"    # rules definition file for ipnat</programlist
       </indexterm>
 
       <para>This section describes the <application>IPF</application> rule syntax
-	used to create stateful rules where the <quote>first
-	matching rule wins</quote>.  Refer to &man.ipf.8; for more details, including the legacy
-	rule syntax.</para>
+	used to create stateful rules.  When creating rules, keep in
+	mind that the default way in which filter rules are applied
+	is for the <emphasis>last  matching rule</emphasis> to be
+	used. Even if the first rule to match a packet is a
+	<literal>pass</literal>, if there is a later matching rule
+	that is a <literal>block</literal>, the packet will be dropped.
+	Refer to &man.ipf.5; for more details about rule syntax.</para>
 
       <para>When creating rules, a <literal>#</literal> character is used to mark the
 	start of a comment and may appear at the end of a rule, to explain its function,
@@ -1718,38 +1722,51 @@ ipnat_rules="/etc/ipnat.rules"    # rules definition file for ipnat</programlist
 	  <term>ACTION</term>
 	  <listitem>
 	    <para>The action keyword indicates what to do with the
-	      packet if it matches the rest of the filter rule.  Each
+	      packet if it matches that rule.  Every
 	      rule <emphasis>must</emphasis> have an action.  The
 	      following actions are recognized:</para>
 
-	    <para><literal>block</literal> indicates that the packet
-	      should be dropped if the selection parameters match the
-	      packet.</para>
+	    <para><literal>block</literal>: drops the packet.</para>
 
-	    <para><literal>pass</literal> indicates that the packet
-	      should exit the firewall if the selection parameters
-	      match the packet.</para>
+	    <para><literal>pass</literal>: allows the packet.</para>
+
+	    <para><literal>log</literal>: generates a log record.</para>
+
+	    <para><literal>count</literal>: counts the number of
+	      packets and bytes which can provide an indication of
+	      how often a rule is used.</para>
+
+	    <para><literal>auth</literal>: queues the packet for
+	      further processing by another program.</para>
+
+	    <para><literal>call</literal>: provides access to
+	      functions built into <application>IPF</application> that
+	      allow more complex actions.</para>
+
+	    <para><literal>decapsulate</literal>: removes any headers
+              in order to process the contents of the packet.</para>
 	  </listitem>
 	</varlistentry>
 
 	<varlistentry>
 	  <term>IN-OUT</term>
 	  <listitem>
-	    <para>A mandatory requirement is that each filter rule
-	      explicitly state which side of the I/O it is to be used
-	      on.  The next keyword must be either
-	      <literal>in</literal> or <literal>out</literal> and one
-	      or the other has to be included or the rule will not
-	      pass syntax checks.</para>
+	    <para>Next, each rule must
+	      explicitly state the direction of traffic using one of
+	      these keywords:</para>
 
-	    <para><literal>in</literal> means this rule is being
-	      applied against an inbound packet which has just been
-	      received on the interface facing the public
-	      Internet.</para>
+	    <para><literal>in</literal>: the rule is
+	      applied against an inbound packet.</para>
 
-	    <para><literal>out</literal> means this rule is being
-	      applied against an outbound packet destined for the
-	      interface facing the public Internet.</para>
+	    <para><literal>out</literal>: the rule is
+	      applied against an outbound packet.</para>
+
+	    <para><literal>all</literal>: the rule applies to either
+	      direction.</para>
+	      
+	    <para>If the system has multiple interfaces, the interface
+	      can be specified along with the direction.  An example would
+	      be <literal>in on fxp0</literal>.</para>
 	  </listitem>
 	</varlistentry>