diff --git a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/disks/chapter.sgml b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/disks/chapter.sgml index 16a855f078..479868889c 100644 --- a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/disks/chapter.sgml +++ b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/disks/chapter.sgml @@ -3009,14 +3009,14 @@ Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Avail Capacity Mounted on - File-Backed File System under FreeBSD 5.X + File-Backed File System disks - file-backed (5.X) + file-backed The utility &man.mdconfig.8; is used to configure and enable - memory disks, &man.md.4;, under FreeBSD 5.X. To use + memory disks, &man.md.4;, under FreeBSD 5.X and later. To use &man.mdconfig.8;, you have to load &man.md.4; module or to add the support in your kernel configuration file: @@ -3032,7 +3032,7 @@ Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Avail Capacity Mounted on Using <command>mdconfig</command> to Mount an Existing File System - Image under FreeBSD 5.X + Image &prompt.root; mdconfig -a -t vnode -f diskimage -u 0 &prompt.root; mount /dev/md0 /mnt @@ -3047,16 +3047,16 @@ Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Avail Capacity Mounted on 5120+0 records in 5120+0 records out &prompt.root; mdconfig -a -t vnode -f newimage -u 0 -&prompt.root; disklabel -r -w md0 auto -&prompt.root; newfs md0c -/dev/md0c: 5.0MB (10240 sectors) block size 16384, fragment size 2048 - using 4 cylinder groups of 1.27MB, 81 blks, 256 inodes. +&prompt.root; bsdlabel -w md0 auto +&prompt.root; newfs md0a +/dev/md0a: 5.0MB (10224 sectors) block size 16384, fragment size 2048 + using 4 cylinder groups of 1.25MB, 80 blks, 192 inodes. super-block backups (for fsck -b #) at: - 32, 2624, 5216, 7808 -&prompt.root; mount /dev/md0c /mnt + 160, 2720, 5280, 7840 +&prompt.root; mount /dev/md0a /mnt &prompt.root; df /mnt -Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Avail Capacity Mounted on -/dev/md0c 4846 2 4458 0% /mnt +Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Avail Capacity Mounted on +/dev/md0a 4710 4 4330 0% /mnt If you do not specify the unit number with the @@ -3066,14 +3066,6 @@ Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Avail Capacity Mounted on md4. For more details about &man.mdconfig.8;, please refer to the manual page. - Since &os; 5.1-RELEASE, the &man.bsdlabel.8; - utility replaces the old &man.disklabel.8; program. With - &man.bsdlabel.8; a number of obsolete options and parameters - have been retired; in the example above the option - should be removed. For more - information, please refer to the &man.bsdlabel.8; - manual page. - The utility &man.mdconfig.8; is very useful, however it asks many command lines to create a file-backed file system. FreeBSD 5.0 also comes with a tool called &man.mdmfs.8;, @@ -3091,7 +3083,7 @@ Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Avail Capacity Mounted on &prompt.root; mdmfs -F newimage -s 5m md0 /mnt &prompt.root; df /mnt Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Avail Capacity Mounted on -/dev/md0 4846 2 4458 0% /mnt +/dev/md0 4718 4 4338 0% /mnt If you use the option without unit @@ -3132,50 +3124,49 @@ Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Avail Capacity Mounted on - Memory-Based File System under FreeBSD 5.X + Memory-Based File System disks - memory file system (5.X) + memory file system The same tools are used for memory-based and file-backed - file systems: &man.mdconfig.8; or &man.mdmfs.8;. The storage - for memory-based file system is allocated with - &man.malloc.9;. + file systems: &man.mdconfig.8; or &man.mdmfs.8;. For a + memory-based file system the swap backing + should normally be used. Using swap backing does not mean + that the memory disk will be swapped out to disk by default, + but merely that the memory disk will be allocated from a + memory pool which can be swapped out to disk if needed. It is + also possible to create memory-based disk which are + &man.malloc.9; backed, but using malloc backed memory disks, + especially large ones, can result in a system panic if the + kernel runs out of memory. Creating a New Memory-Based Disk with <command>mdconfig</command> - &prompt.root; mdconfig -a -t malloc -s 5m -u 1 + &prompt.root; mdconfig -a -t swap -s 5m -u 1 &prompt.root; newfs -U md1 /dev/md1: 5.0MB (10240 sectors) block size 16384, fragment size 2048 - using 4 cylinder groups of 1.27MB, 81 blks, 256 inodes. - with soft updates + using 4 cylinder groups of 1.27MB, 81 blks, 192 inodes. + with soft updates super-block backups (for fsck -b #) at: - 32, 2624, 5216, 7808 + 160, 2752, 5344, 7936 &prompt.root; mount /dev/md1 /mnt &prompt.root; df /mnt Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Avail Capacity Mounted on -/dev/md1 4846 2 4458 0% /mnt +/dev/md1 4718 4 4338 0% /mnt Creating a New Memory-Based Disk with <command>mdmfs</command> - &prompt.root; mdmfs -M -s 5m md2 /mnt + &prompt.root; mdmfs -s 5m md2 /mnt &prompt.root; df /mnt Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Avail Capacity Mounted on /dev/md2 4846 2 4458 0% /mnt - - Instead of using a &man.malloc.9; backed file system, it is - possible to use swap, for that just replace - with in the - command line of &man.mdconfig.8;. The &man.mdmfs.8; utility - by default (without ) creates a swap-based - disk. For more details, please refer to &man.mdconfig.8; - and &man.mdmfs.8; manual pages.