diff --git a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/config/chapter.xml b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/config/chapter.xml
index 3b6443960f..2d67ae0698 100644
--- a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/config/chapter.xml
+++ b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/config/chapter.xml
@@ -1483,7 +1483,7 @@ cron.* /var/log/cron
For more information on all fields, valid flags, and how
to specify the rotation time, refer to &man.newsyslog.conf.5;.
Since newsyslog is run from
- &man.cron.8;, it can not rotate files more often than it is
+ &man.cron.8;, it cannot rotate files more often than it is
scheduled to run from &man.cron.8;.
@@ -2757,55 +2757,85 @@ kern.maxvnodes: 100000
Creating a Swap File
- To instead create a swap file, specify its size. The
- following example creates a 64MB file named
- /usr/swap0.
+ These examples create a 64M swap file
+ called /usr/swap0 instead
+ of using a partition.
-
- Creating a Swap File on &os;
+ Using swap files requires that the module needed by
+ &man.md.4; has either been built into the kernel or has been
+ loaded before swap is enabled. See
+ for information about building
+ a custom kernel.
-
-
- The GENERIC kernel already
- includes the required memory disk driver. When building
- a custom kernel, make sure to include the following line
- in the custom configuration file:
+
+ Creating a Swap File on &os; 10.X and Later
- device md
+
+
+ Create the swap file:
- For information on building a custom kernel, refer
- to .
-
+ &prompt.root; dd if=/dev/zero of=/usr/swap0 bs=1m count=64
+
-
+
+ Set the proper permissions on the new file:
+
+ &prompt.root; chmod 0600 /usr/swap0
+
+
+
+ Inform the system about the swap file by adding a
+ line to /etc/fstab:
+
+ md99 none swap sw,file=/usr/swap0 0 0
+
+ The &man.md.4; device md99 is
+ used, leaving lower device numbers available for
+ interactive use.
+
+
+
+ Swap space will be added on system startup. To add
+ swap space immediately, use &man.swapon.8;:
+
+ &prompt.root; swapon -aq
+
+
+
+
+
+ Creating a Swap File on &os; 9.X and Earlier
+
+
+
Create the swap file,
/usr/swap0:
- &prompt.root; dd if=/dev/zero of=/usr/swap0 bs=1024k count=64
-
+ &prompt.root; dd if=/dev/zero of=/usr/swap0 bs=1m count=64
+
-
- Then, set proper permissions on
+
+ Set the proper permissions on
/usr/swap0:
&prompt.root; chmod 0600 /usr/swap0
-
+
-
+
Enable the swap file in
/etc/rc.conf:
swapfile="/usr/swap0" # Set to name of swap file
-
+
-
- To enable the swap file immediately, specify a free
+
+ Swap space will be added on system startup. To enable the swap file immediately, specify a free
memory device. Refer to
for more information about memory devices.
&prompt.root; mdconfig -a -t vnode -f /usr/swap0 -u 0 && swapon /dev/md0
-
-
+
+
@@ -2911,7 +2941,7 @@ kern.maxvnodes: 100000
In &os; the &man.acpi.4; driver is loaded by default at
system boot and should not be compiled
- into the kernel. This driver can not be unloaded after boot
+ into the kernel. This driver cannot be unloaded after boot
because the system bus uses it for various hardware
interactions. However, if the system is experiencing
problems, ACPI can be disabled altogether