diff --git a/en/applications.sgml b/en/applications.sgml index 8c36e9f3a3..ed6e7a9707 100644 --- a/en/applications.sgml +++ b/en/applications.sgml @@ -1,126 +1,141 @@ + %includes; ]> - + -&header; + &header; -

Experience the possibilities with FreeBSD

+

Experience the possibilities with FreeBSD

-
-

FreeBSD can handle nearly any task you would expect of a UNIX workstation, -as well as many you might not expect:

-
+
+

FreeBSD can handle nearly any task you would expect of a UNIX + workstation, as well as many you might not expect:

+
-
FreeBSD -is a true open system with full source code. +
FreeBSD is a true open system with full + source code. + -
-

There is no doubt that so-called open systems are the requirement -for today's computing applications. But no commercial vendor-supplied solution -is more open than one which includes full source code to the entire operating -system, including the kernel plus all of the system daemons, programs, -and utilities. You can modify any part of FreeBSD to suit your personal, -organizational, or corporate needs.

+
+

There is no doubt that so-called open systems are the + requirement for today's computing applications. But no commercial + vendor-supplied solution is more open than one which includes full + source code to the entire operating system, including the kernel plus + all of the system daemons, programs, and utilities. You can modify + any part of FreeBSD to suit your personal, organizational, or + corporate needs.

-

With its generous licensing -policy, you can use FreeBSD as the basis for any number of free or -commercial applications.

-
+

With its generous licensing policy, + you can use FreeBSD as the basis for any number of free or + commercial applications.

+
-
FreeBSD runs -thousands of applications. +
FreeBSD runs thousands of + applications. -
-

Because FreeBSD is based on 4.4BSD, an industry-standard version of -UNIX, it is easy to compile and run programs. FreeBSD also includes an extensive -packages collection and -ports collection that bring -precompiled and easy-to-build software right to your desktop or enterprise -server. There is also a growing number of commercial -applications written for FreeBSD.

+
+

Because FreeBSD is based on 4.4BSD, an industry-standard version of + UNIX, it is easy to compile and run programs. FreeBSD also includes + an extensive packages collection and ports collection that bring + precompiled and easy-to-build software right to your desktop or + enterprise server. There is also a growing number of commercial applications + written for FreeBSD.

-

Here are some examples of the environments in which FreeBSD is used:

+

Here are some examples of the environments in which FreeBSD is + used:

+ +
+ +
An operating system that will grow with + your needs. -
  • Education and research.  FreeBSD makes an excellent research -platform because it includes complete source code. Students and researchers -of operating systems or other computer science fields can benefit greatly -from such an open and well-documented system.
    • - -
  • And much more. Accounting, action games, MIS databases, -scientific visualization, video conferencing, Internet relay chat (IRC), -home automation, multiuser dungeons, bulletin board systems, image scanning, -and more are all real uses for FreeBSD today. If you have an innovative -application for FreeBSD, -let us know -so we can add it to our gallery.
    • - -
    - -
    An -operating system that will grow with your needs. - -
    -

    Though FreeBSD is free software, it is also user supported software. -Any questions you have can be posted to hundreds of FreeBSD developers and -users simply by e-mailing to the -freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.ORG mailing -list.

    - -

    FreeBSD also has a worldwide group of programmers and writers who fix -bugs, add new features and document the system. Support for new devices -or special features is an almost constant development process, and the -team keeps a special eye out for problems which effect system stability. -FreeBSD users are quite proud of not only how fast but how reliable their -systems are.

    -
    - -

    What experts have to say . . .

    - -
    -

    ``FreeBSD handles [our] heavy load quite well and it is nothing short -of amazing. Salutations to the FreeBSD team.''

    - -

    ---Mark Hittinger, administrator of WinNet Communications, -Inc.

    -
    - -&footer; - +
    +

    Though FreeBSD is free software, it is also user supported + software. Any questions you have can be posted to hundreds of + FreeBSD developers and users simply by e-mailing to the freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.ORG + mailing list.

    + +

    FreeBSD also has a worldwide group of programmers and writers who fix + bugs, add new features and document the system. Support for new + devices or special features is an almost constant development process, + and the team keeps a special eye out for problems which effect system + stability. FreeBSD users are quite proud of not only how fast but how + reliable their systems are.

    +
    + +

    What experts have to say . . .

    + +
    +

    ``FreeBSD handles [our] heavy load quite well and it is nothing + short of amazing. Salutations to the FreeBSD team.''

    + +

    ---Mark Hittinger, administrator of WinNet + Communications, Inc.

    +
    + + &footer; + + -&header; + &header; + +

    General Information

    + + Last Updated: $Date: 1999-07-30 21:05:51 $ + +

    Overview

    + +

    In light of our recent (and still ongoing) security concerns, it has + become rather obvious that nothing less than a rigorous and + comprehensive security review of the FreeBSD source tree will enable us + to really have much confidence in the security of our operating system, + an OS that many have come increasingly to rely upon and must be made + more than reasonably secure if they are to continue to be able to do + so.

    -

    General Information

    +

    The sheer amount of legacy code & code from outside sources in FreeBSD + also makes it especially easy for security holes to go unnoticed until + it's rather too late, and no truly large-scale attempt has been made up + to this point to really go through the codebase with a specific focus on + security issues, that being a rather big project and most FreeBSD + developers being more than busy enough elsewhere. This situation must + now change, however, if we are to remain the kind of operating system + that people can continue to rely upon as the Internet continues to grow + and (I suspect) become an ever-more hostile environment for improperly + protected systems. Proper security is something of a cooperative + arrangement between the local administrator and the OS vendor, and this + "OS vendor" needs to do its part.

    -Last Updated: $Date: 1999-06-10 22:04:33 $ +

    The core team's first step in becoming more serious about security was + to bring the project's security officer, Guido van Rooij, into the team so + that one of the "voices at the table" would have security as his primary + mandate and representation in all the important security mailing lists + external to the FreeBSD Project. He will also keep the rest of us in + core much more aware of security concerns as they arise, hopefully not + to be taken quite so by surprise as we have a few times in the past.

    -

    Overview

    +

    Our second step will be this audit, an attempt to methodically go + through every line of source in FreeBSD looking for obvious buffer + overflows (sprintf()/strcpy() vs snprintf()/strncpy() and so on), less + obvious security holes, instances of insufficiently defensive coding, + amusing comment strings to forward to freebsd-chat, whatever we run + across.

    -

    In light of our recent (and still ongoing) security concerns, it -has become rather obvious that nothing less than a rigorous and -comprehensive security review of the FreeBSD source tree will enable -us to really have much confidence in the security of our operating -system, an OS that many have come increasingly to rely upon and must -be made more than reasonably secure if they are to continue to be able -to do so.

    +

    Using the + + modules database as an outline, we will split the source tree into + more manageable pieces, keeping a sign-up sheet in a prominent place so + that people can see which modules are covered and which are not. A + carefully selected team of individuals is now also being formed, that + team being composed of "auditors" and "reviewers" (most members of the + team being both). An auditor has principle responsibility, which may be + shared with another auditor, for actually going through the code and + looking for security holes and/or bugs. Once a reasonable pile of diffs + have been accumulated, assuming that any problems were found, they are + send to one or more reviewers who are responsible for giving the changes + another once-over and, if the auditor does not have commit privileges, + to actually commit the changes when & if they're deemed acceptable.

    -

    The sheer amount of legacy code & code from outside sources in -FreeBSD also makes it especially easy for security holes to go -unnoticed until it's rather too late, and no truly large-scale attempt -has been made up to this point to really go through the codebase with -a specific focus on security issues, that being a rather big project -and most FreeBSD developers being more than busy enough elsewhere. -This situation must now change, however, if we are to remain the kind -of operating system that people can continue to rely upon as the -Internet continues to grow and (I suspect) become an ever-more hostile -environment for improperly protected systems. Proper security is -something of a cooperative arrangement between the local administrator -and the OS vendor, and this "OS vendor" needs to do its part.

    +

    Requirements:

    + +

    In order to be an auditor, you should either have commit privileges on + freefall.freebsd.org or an arrangement with another + auditor/reviewer who does. You should also be running or have immediate + access to FreeBSD-current sources + since all of our changes will be made relative to that branch and then + brought back (as necessary) into the 2.1 and + 2.2 branches. + +

    What to look for and what the general rules to follow are is + sufficiently complex that I have turned it into a FreeBSD Security Guide. Please read + this now if you haven't already. Other excellent documents are the Secure + Programming Checklist and the Unix + Security Checklist, both available from AUSCERT. -

    The core team's first step in becoming more serious about security -was to bring the project's security officer, -Guido van Rooij, into the team so that one of the "voices at the -table" would have security as his primary mandate and representation -in all the important security mailing lists external to the FreeBSD -Project. He will also keep the rest of us in core much more aware of -security concerns as they arise, hopefully not to be taken quite so by -surprise as we have a few times in the past.

    +

    Sign-Up sheet:

    + +

    Here is the sign-up sheet as it sits so far. This is *very* skeletal + at this stage, given that we've just now started, and as people indicate + which module(s) they're willing to either audit or review, we'll fill it + in. If this tabular format also becomes unwieldy as it fills up, we can + change it or put it on a web page or something. :) I've left some sample + entries open just as place-holders, and they in no way imply that + someone has to be willing to pick up pieces that large.

    + +

    Anything in the modules database represents a potential auditing target + - from ones as small as "cat" to ones as large as "lib", the most + important being that people bite off pieces no larger than they think + they can chew. If you take 15 things onto your plate and deal with only + 5, you're not doing anyone any favors since the other auditors will be + assuming that the other 10 items are handled!

    -

    Our second step will be this audit, an attempt to methodically go -through every line of source in FreeBSD looking for obvious buffer -overflows (sprintf()/strcpy() vs snprintf()/strncpy() and so on), less -obvious security holes, instances of insufficiently defensive coding, -amusing comment strings to forward to freebsd-chat, whatever we run -across.

    + To sign up for something, please send mail to jmb@FreeBSD.org. -

    Using the - -modules database as an outline, we will split the source tree into -more manageable pieces, keeping a sign-up sheet in a prominent place -so that people can see which modules are covered and which are not. A -carefully selected team of individuals is now also being formed, that -team being composed of "auditors" and "reviewers" (most members of the -team being both). An auditor has principle responsibility, which may -be shared with another auditor, for actually going through the code -and looking for security holes and/or bugs. Once a reasonable pile of -diffs have been accumulated, assuming that any problems were found, -they are send to one or more reviewers who are responsible for giving -the changes another once-over and, if the auditor does not have commit -privileges, to actually commit the changes when & if they're deemed -acceptable.

    +

    -

    Requirements:

    + + + + + + + + + + + + + + -

    In order to be an auditor, you should either have commit privileges on -freefall.freebsd.org or an arrangement with another auditor/reviewer -who does. You should also be running or have immediate access to -FreeBSD-current sources since all of our changes -will be made relative to that branch and then brought back (as necessary) -into the 2.1 and 2.2 branches. +

    + + + -

    What to look for and what the general rules to follow are is sufficiently -complex that I have turned it into a FreeBSD -Security Guide. Please read this now if you haven't already. +

    + + + + + + + -Other excellent documents are the -Secure Programming Checklist and the -Unix Security Checklist, both available from AUSCERT. + + + -

    Sign-Up sheet:

    + -

    Here is the sign-up sheet as it sits so far. This is *very* skeletal -at this stage, given that we've just now started, and as people -indicate which module(s) they're willing to either audit or review, -we'll fill it in. If this tabular format also becomes unwieldy as it -fills up, we can change it or put it on a web page or something. :) -I've left some sample entries open just as place-holders, and they in -no way imply that someone has to be willing to pick up pieces that -large.

    + + -

    Anything in the modules database represents a potential auditing -target - from ones as small as "cat" to ones as large as "lib", the -most important being that people bite off pieces no larger than they -think they can chew. If you take 15 things onto your plate and deal -with only 5, you're not doing anyone any favors since the other -auditors will be assuming that the other 10 items are handled!

    + -To sign up for something, please send mail to jmb@FreeBSD.org. + -

    ModuleAuditor(s)Reviewer(s)Status
    binac + ee* + gvr* + jh + ka + mu + vkimp* + jmb* + md* + gvr*Open
    contribcggvr*Open
    eBonesmrvm*gvr*Open
    gamesab + ee* + xaagvr*
    - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
    ModuleAuditor(s)Reviewer(s)Status
    bin -ac -ee* -gvr* -jh -ka -mu -vk -imp* jmb* md* gvr* Open
    contrib -cg -gvr* Open
    eBones -mrvm* -gvr* Open
    games -ab -ee* -xaa -gvr* Open
    init -gl -gvr* Open
    lib -ak -bjn -pst* -dg* imp* jkh* gvr* Open
    libc -ee* -mu -gvr* Open
    libexec -crh -ee* -imp* -mr -witr -gvr* Open
    lkm -dob* -gvr* Open
    sbin -ee* -imp* -or* -tao -jmb* md* gvr* Open
    secure -dc -mrvm* -gvr* Open
    telnetd -ac -dn -imp* gvr* Open
    usr.bin -bob -ee* -jha -jm -ky* -rb -rd -rjk -vk -md* gvr* Open
    usr.sbin -ee* -ejc -gl -imp* -jm -marc -rd -md* gvr* Open
    + Open -

    Auditor/Reviewer keys

    + + init -

    This is the list of people who have volunteered to participate as -auditors or reviewers in this process. They may also be reached -collectively by sending mail to the auditors@FreeBSD.org alias at -times when it is appropriate to send mail to all auditors. If you wish to -reach just the auditors & reviewers for a specific category, say -usr.sbin for example, then you would send mail to - -audit-usr.sbin@FreeBSD.org.

    + gl + + gvr* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
    KeyAuditor/Reviewer Name and Email address
    abAaron Bornstein -aaronb@j51.com
    acAdrian Chadd -adrian@psinet.net.au
    akAdam Kubicki -apk@itl.waw.pl
    amAlbert Mietus -gam@gamp.hacom.nl
    avkAlexander V. Kalganov -top@sonic.cris.net
    bbBob Bishop -rb@gid.co.uk
    bjnBrent J. Nordquist -nordquist@platinum.com
    bobBob Willcox -bob@luke.pmr.com
    btmBrian T. Michely -brianm@cmhcsys.com
    cgCoranth Gryphon -gryphon@healer.com
    clChris Lambertus -cmlambertus@ucdavis.edu
    crhCharles Henrich -henrich@crh.cl.msu.edu
    dcDan Cross -tenser@spitfire.ecsel.psu.edu
    dg*David Greenman -davidg@FreeBSD.org
    dinDinesh Nair -dinesh@alphaque.com
    dnDavid Nugent -davidn@labs.usn.blaze.net.au
    dob*David E. O'Brien -obrien@NUXI.com
    dzDanny J. Zerkel -dzerkel@phofarm.com
    ee*Eivind Eklund -eivind@FreeBSD.org
    ehElijah Hempstone -avatar@gandalf.bss.sol.net
    ehuErnest Hua -hua@chromatic.com
    ejcEric J. Chet -ejc@gargoyle.bazzle.com
    glGiles Lean -giles@nemeton.com.au
    gvr*Guido van Rooij -guido@FreeBSD.org
    gwGraham Wheeler -gram@oms.co.za
    imp*Warner Losh -imp@FreeBSD.org
    jbJim Bresler -jfb11@inlink.com
    jhJake Hamby -jehamby@lightside.com
    jhaJohn H. Aughey -jha@cs.purdue.edu
    jkJerry Kendall -Jerry@kcis.com
    jkh*Jordan K. Hubbard -jkh@FreeBSD.org
    jmJosef Moellers -mollers.pad@sni.de
    jmb*Jonathan M. Bresler -jmb@FreeBSD.org
    joe*Joe Greco -jgreco@solaria.sol.net
    kaKalganov Alexander -top@bird.cris.net
    kiKenneth Ingham -ingham@i-pi.com
    ky*Kazutaka YOKOTA -yokota@zodiac.mech.utsunomiya-u.ac.jp
    marcMarc Slemko -marcs@znep.com
    md*Matt Dillon -dillon@best.net
    mrMike Romaniw -msr@cuc.com
    mrvm*Mark Murray -mark@grondar.za
    muMudge -mudge@l0pht.com
    or*Ollivier Robert -roberto@keltia.freenix.fr
    pbPeter Blake -ppb@baloo.tcp.co.uk
    peter*Peter Wemm -peter@FreeBSD.org
    phk*Poul-Henning Kamp -phk@FreeBSD.org
    pst*Paul Traina -pst@FreeBSD.org
    rbReinier Bezuidenhout -rbezuide@oskar.nanoteq.co.za
    rdRajiv Dighe -rajivd@sprynet.com
    relRoger Espel Llima -espel@llaic.univ-bpclermont.fr
    rjkRichard J Kuhns -rjk@grauel.com
    rmRobin Melville -robmel@nadt.org.uk
    rsRobert Sexton -robert@kudra.com
    scSergei Chechetkin -csl@whale.sunbay.crimea.ua
    taoBrian Tao -taob@risc.org
    tdrThomas David Rivers -ponds!rivers@dg-rtp.dg.com
    vkVadim Kolontsov -vadim@tversu.ac.ru
    witrRobert Withrow -witr@rwwa.com
    xaaMark Huizer -xaa@stack.nl
    -

    * = Has CVS commit privileges.

    + Open -&footer; - + + lib + + ak + bjn + pst* + + dg* + imp* + jkh* + gvr* + + Open + + + libc + + ee* + mu + + gvr* + + Open + + + libexec + + crh + ee* + imp* + mr + witr + + gvr* + + Open + + + lkm + + dob* + + gvr* + + Open + + + sbin + + ee* + imp* + or* + tao + + jmb* + md* + gvr* + + Open + + + + secure + + dc + mrvm* + + gvr* + + Open + + + telnetd + + ac + dn + + imp* + gvr* + + Open + + + usr.bin + + bob + ee* + jha + jm + ky* + rb + rd + rjk + vk + + md* + gvr* + + Open + + + usr.sbin + + ee* + ejc + gl + imp* + jm + marc + rd + + md* + gvr* + + Open + + +

    Auditor/Reviewer keys

    + +

    This is the list of people who have volunteered to participate as + auditors or reviewers in this process. They may also be reached + collectively by sending mail to the auditors@FreeBSD.org alias at + times when it is appropriate to send mail to all auditors. If you wish + to reach just the auditors & reviewers for a specific category, say + usr.sbin for example, then you would send mail to audit-usr.sbin@FreeBSD.org.

    + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
    KeyAuditor/Reviewer Name and Email address
    abAaron Bornstein aaronb@j51.com
    acAdrian Chadd adrian@psinet.net.au
    akAdam Kubicki apk@itl.waw.pl
    amAlbert Mietus gam@gamp.hacom.nl
    avkAlexander V. Kalganov top@sonic.cris.net
    bbBob Bishop rb@gid.co.uk
    bjnBrent J. Nordquist nordquist@platinum.com
    bobBob Willcox bob@luke.pmr.com
    btmBrian T. Michely + brianm@cmhcsys.com
    cgCoranth Gryphon gryphon@healer.com
    clChris Lambertus cmlambertus@ucdavis.edu
    crhCharles Henrich henrich@crh.cl.msu.edu
    dcDan Cross + tenser@spitfire.ecsel.psu.edu
    dg*David Greenman davidg@FreeBSD.org
    dinDinesh Nair dinesh@alphaque.com
    dnDavid Nugent davidn@labs.usn.blaze.net.au
    dob*David E. O'Brien obrien@NUXI.com
    dzDanny J. Zerkel dzerkel@phofarm.com
    ee*Eivind Eklund eivind@FreeBSD.org
    ehElijah Hempstone avatar@gandalf.bss.sol.net
    ehuErnest Hua hua@chromatic.com
    ejcEric J. Chet ejc@gargoyle.bazzle.com
    glGiles Lean giles@nemeton.com.au
    gvr*Guido van Rooij guido@FreeBSD.org
    gwGraham Wheeler gram@oms.co.za
    imp*Warner Losh imp@FreeBSD.org
    jbJim Bresler jfb11@inlink.com
    jhJake Hamby jehamby@lightside.com
    jhaJohn H. Aughey jha@cs.purdue.edu
    jkJerry Kendall Jerry@kcis.com
    jkh*Jordan K. Hubbard jkh@FreeBSD.org
    jmJosef Moellers mollers.pad@sni.de
    jmb*Jonathan M. Bresler jmb@FreeBSD.org
    joe*Joe Greco jgreco@solaria.sol.net
    kaKalganov Alexander top@bird.cris.net
    kiKenneth Ingham ingham@i-pi.com
    ky*Kazutaka YOKOTA yokota@zodiac.mech.utsunomiya-u.ac.jp
    marcMarc Slemko marcs@znep.com
    md*Matt Dillon dillon@best.net
    mrMike Romaniw msr@cuc.com
    mrvm*Mark Murray mark@grondar.za
    muMudge mudge@l0pht.com
    or*Ollivier Robert roberto@keltia.freenix.fr
    pbPeter Blake ppb@baloo.tcp.co.uk
    peter*Peter Wemm peter@FreeBSD.org
    phk*Poul-Henning Kamp phk@FreeBSD.org
    pst*Paul Traina pst@FreeBSD.org
    rbReinier Bezuidenhout rbezuide@oskar.nanoteq.co.za
    rdRajiv Dighe rajivd@sprynet.com
    relRoger Espel Llima espel@llaic.univ-bpclermont.fr
    rjkRichard J Kuhns rjk@grauel.com
    rmRobin Melville robmel@nadt.org.uk
    rsRobert Sexton robert@kudra.com
    scSergei Chechetkin csl@whale.sunbay.crimea.ua
    taoBrian Tao taob@risc.org
    tdrThomas David Rivers ponds!rivers@dg-rtp.dg.com
    vkVadim Kolontsov vadim@tversu.ac.ru
    witrRobert Withrow witr@rwwa.com
    xaaMark Huizer xaa@stack.nl
    + +

    * = Has CVS commit privileges.

    + + &footer; + + -&header; + &header; + +

    Availability of FreeBSD

    + +
    +

    FreeBSD is free and is available for downloading over the Internet or + on CD-ROM for a small fee.

    +
    + +
    Hardware requirements. -

    Availability of FreeBSD

    +
    +

    FreeBSD requires a PC-type personal computer running with an Intel, + AMD, Cyrix, or compatible 386, 486, or Pentium CPU. You computer + needs an ISA, EISA, VESA, or PCI bus. You will also need 5 megabytes + of RAM to install FreeBSD (but 4 megabytes to run it after + installation). For best performance, you should have 8 megabytes or + more. 60MB of disk space is required for a minimal installation.

    -
    -

    FreeBSD is free and is available for downloading over the Internet or -on CD-ROM for a small fee.

    -
    +

    FreeBSD supports most popular Ethernet adaptors, + SCSI controllers, IDE hard drives, multiport serial cards, CD-ROM + drives, tape drives, sound cards, mice, and other hardware. See both + the Frequently Asked Questions list + and the &a.latest.not;release notes for complete information + on supported hardware.

    +
    -
    Hardware -requirements. +
    Where to get it. -
    -

    FreeBSD requires a PC-type personal computer running with an Intel, -AMD, Cyrix, or compatible 386, 486, or Pentium CPU. You computer needs -an ISA, EISA, VESA, or PCI bus. You will also need 5 megabytes of RAM to -install FreeBSD (but 4 megabytes to run it after installation). For best -performance, you should have 8 megabytes or more. 60MB of disk space is -required for a minimal installation.

    +
    +

    You can get FreeBSD free via anonymous FTP from ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD. + You might also want to check a geographically close mirror site.

    -

    FreeBSD supports most popular Ethernet adaptors, SCSI controllers, -IDE hard drives, multiport serial cards, CD-ROM drives, tape drives, sound -cards, mice, and other hardware. See both the Frequently -Asked Questions list and the &a.latest.not;release -notes for complete information on supported hardware.

    -
    +

    If you have a CD-ROM drive, you can get FreeBSD on CD-ROM for a + modest price from Walnut Creek + CDROM:

    + +
    +

    Walnut Creek CDROM
    + 4041 Pike Lane, Suite F
    + Concord, CA 94520
    + USA
    + Phone: +1 925 674-0783
    + Phone: +1 800 786-9907
    + Fax: +1 925 674-0821
    + Email: info@cdrom.com

    +
    -
    Where -to get it. +

    In addition to FreeBSD, the CD-ROM comes with hundreds of ready-to-run + programs. It is backed by an unconditional money back guarantee.

    +
    -
    -

    You can get FreeBSD free via anonymous FTP from ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD. -You might also want to check a geographically close mirror -site.

    +
    About the FreeBSD Project. -

    If you have a CD-ROM drive, you can get FreeBSD on CD-ROM for a -modest price from Walnut Creek CDROM:

    +
    +

    FreeBSD is developed and supported by a worldwide team of + programmers. Jordan Hubbard, one + of the project's founders, has written a brief history of the FreeBSD + project. Information about who's responsible for what + is also available. If you are curious, take a look at some pictures of + the team members. A more complete listing of contributors is + available in the Contributors section of the + FreeBSD Handbook. FreeBSD is + an open project welcomes the help of individuals who have time and or + skills to offer.

    + +

    This "about" section was created by Sean Kelly.

    +
    -
    -

    Walnut Creek CDROM
    -4041 Pike Lane, Suite F
    -Concord, CA 94520
    -USA
    -Phone: +1 925 674-0783
    -Phone: +1 800 786-9907
    -Fax: +1 925 674-0821
    -Email: info@cdrom.com

    -
    - -

    In addition to FreeBSD, the CD-ROM comes with hundreds of ready-to-run -programs. It is backed by an unconditional money back guarantee.

    -
    - -
    About -the FreeBSD Project. - -
    -

    FreeBSD is developed and supported by a worldwide team of programmers. -Jordan Hubbard, one of the project's -founders, has written a brief -history of the FreeBSD project. Information about who's -responsible for what is also available. If you are curious, take a look -at some pictures -of the team members. A more complete listing of contributors is available -in the Contributors -section of the FreeBSD -Handbook. FreeBSD is an open project welcomes the help of individuals -who have time and or skills to offer.

    - -

    This "about" section was created by Sean -Kelly.

    -
    - -

    Inside your PC is a daemon -waiting to be unleashed. Free it with FreeBSD.

    - -&footer; - +

    Inside your PC is a + daemon waiting to be unleashed. Free it with + FreeBSD.

    + + &footer; + + -&header; + &header; - + - + + + -

    FreeBSD in the Press

    +

    The press about FreeBSD.

    + + -

    Year 2000 Compatibility

    - +

    This is the FreeBSD project's current statement about its Year 2000 compatibility.

    +

    Newsletter

    -

    The FreeBSD Newsletter, published and - distributed free of charge by Walnut Creek CDROM.

    + +

    The FreeBSD Newsletter, published and distributed free of charge by + Walnut Creek CDROM.

    -

    FreeBSD Real-Quick (TM) Newsletter (RQN)

    +

    FreeBSD Real-Quick (TM) Newsletter + (RQN)

    +

    A monthly (sometimes bi-weekly) newsletter containing recent - developments in the FreeBSD arena. Subscribe to freebsd-announce to - receive this newsletter via e-mail.

    + developments in the FreeBSD arena. Subscribe to freebsd-announce to + receive this newsletter via e-mail.

    + + -

    The FreeBSD Handbook

    - -

    This is an evolving, comprehensive on-line resource for - FreeBSD users. Please address comments and contributions - to <freebsd-doc@FreeBSD.ORG>.

    + +

    This is an evolving, comprehensive on-line resource for FreeBSD users. + Please address comments and contributions to <freebsd-doc@FreeBSD.ORG>.

    -

    A Japanese translation of -the handbook (EUC encoding) is also available.

    +

    A Japanese translation of the handbook + (EUC encoding) is also available.

    + + -

    Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

    -

    If you have a question, chances are that someone else has - the same question. The most common of these have been - compiled here in a brief question-answer format.

    +

    If you have a question, chances are that someone else has the same + question. The most common of these have been compiled here in a brief + question-answer format.

    -

    &i.new; We now offer a Russian -translation and a Chinese translation -of the FAQ.

    +

    &i.new; We now offer a Russian translation + and a Chinese translation of the FAQ.

    -

    A Japanese translation of -the FAQ (EUC encoding) is also available.

    +

    A Japanese translation of + the FAQ (EUC encoding) is also available.

    + + -

    Tutorials

    -

    Here lie assorted documents on various aspects of FreeBSD, - FreeBSD software, and hardware. If you have comments or - would like to contribute a document, please contact us at - freebsd-doc@FreeBSD.org.

    +

    Here lie assorted documents on various aspects of FreeBSD, FreeBSD + software, and hardware. If you have comments or would like to + contribute a document, please contact us at freebsd-doc@FreeBSD.org.

    -

    Additional Resources

    -

    www.FreeBSD.org is not the only place to get information on FreeBSD - and various independent efforts have also produced a great deal - of useful information on FreeBSD:

    +

    Additional Resources

    + +

    www.FreeBSD.org is not the only place to get information on FreeBSD and + various independent efforts have also produced a great deal of useful + information on FreeBSD:

    - + +

    Books

    -

    Online documentation is useful, but any serious FreeBSD - user should consider getting some of the books - listed here. Most books that cover BSD systems apply well - to FreeBSD.

    +

    Online documentation is useful, but any serious FreeBSD user should + consider getting some of the books listed here. Most books that cover + BSD systems apply well to FreeBSD.

    - -

    - Manual Pages

    + + +

    Manual Pages

    -
    FreeBSD
    -
    For release: - 1.0, - 1.1, - 1.1.5.1, - 2.0, - 2.0.5, - 2.1.0, - 2.1.5, - 2.1.6.1, - 2.1.7.1, - 2.2.1, - 2.2.2, - 2.2.5, - 2.2.6, - 2.2.7, - 2.2.8, - 3.0, - 3.1, - 4.0-current, - Ports. -
    +
    FreeBSD
    + +
    For release: + 1.0, + 1.1, + 1.1.5.1, + 2.0, + 2.0.5, + 2.1.0, + 2.1.5, + 2.1.6.1, + 2.1.7.1, + 2.2.1, + 2.2.2, + 2.2.5, + 2.2.6, + 2.2.7, + 2.2.8, + 3.0, + 3.1, + 4.0-current, + Ports.
    -
    Other Systems
    -
    - Unix Seventh Edition (V7), - 2.8BSD, - 2.9.1BSD, - 2.10BSD, - 2.11BSD, - 4.3BSD Reno, - NET/2, - 386BSD 0.1, - 4.4BSD Lite2, - Linux Slackware, - NetBSD, - OpenBSD, - Plan 9, - SunOS 4.x, - SunOS 5.x, - ULTRIX 4.2, - and - XFree86. -
    +
    Other Systems
    + +
    Unix Seventh Edition (V7), + 2.8BSD, + 2.9.1BSD, + 2.10BSD, + 2.11BSD, + 4.3BSD Reno, + NET/2, + 386BSD 0.1, + 4.4BSD Lite2, + Linux Slackware, + NetBSD, + OpenBSD, + Plan 9, + SunOS 4.x, + SunOS 5.x, + ULTRIX 4.2, + and XFree86. +
    - - -

    This service is provided courtesy of - Wolfram Schneider. There is - another - script available with the manual pages for FreeBSD 2.0 - and XFree86 release 3.1, courtesy of - - Hinrich Eilts.

    + + + + + + --> + +

    This service is provided courtesy of Wolfram Schneider. There + is another + script available with the manual pages for FreeBSD 2.0 and XFree86 + release 3.1, courtesy of Hinrich + Eilts.

    -

    - 4.4BSD Documents

    - -

    - If you like reading BSD manuals online, here is - a hypertext version of the 4.4BSD documents from - /usr/share/doc, - where you would find the documents on a FreeBSD machine - (if the doc distribution was installed). + +

    4.4BSD Documents

    +

    If you like reading BSD manuals online, here is a hypertext version of + the 4.4BSD documents from /usr/share/doc, where you would find + the documents on a FreeBSD machine (if the doc distribution was + installed). + -

    - Info Documents

    + +

    Info Documents

    -

    - If you like reading FreeBSD Info documents online, here is - a hypertext version of the Info documents from - /usr/share/info, - where you would find the Info documents on a FreeBSD machine - (if the info distribution was installed). +

    If you like reading FreeBSD Info documents online, here is a hypertext + version of the Info documents from /usr/share/info, where you would find + the Info documents on a FreeBSD machine (if the info distribution was + installed). + + +

    The + Source Code

    +

    If you like digging your fingers into source code, here is a hypertext + version of the FreeBSD kernel source. This is brought to you + courtesy of Warren + Toomey.

    - -

    The Source Code

    + -

    If you like digging your fingers into source code, here is - a hypertext version of the FreeBSD kernel source. - This is brought to you courtesy of Warren - Toomey.

    - - -

    The FreeBSD Documentation Project

    +

    The FreeBSD Documentation + Project

    Daemon News

    +

    The industry leader in BSD news.

    - +

    FreeBSD ezine

    +

    The FreeBSD 'zine is a monthly collection of easy to read (we hope) - articles written by FreeBSD users and administrators just like you. -

    + articles written by FreeBSD users and administrators just like you.

    + +

    Like FreeBSD itself, this documentation is the product of a volunteer + effort. The goals of the project are outlined here, as are the + procedures for submitting corrections and new material.

    -

    Like FreeBSD itself, this documentation is the product of - a volunteer effort. The goals of the project are outlined - here, as are the procedures for submitting corrections and - new material.

    +

    The + FreeBSD Diary

    -

    The FreeBSD Diary

    The FreeBSD Diary is a collection of how-to entries aimed at UNIX - novices. The aim is to provide a set of step-by-step guides to - installing and configuring various ports. -

    + novices. The aim is to provide a set of step-by-step guides to + installing and configuring various ports.

    - -&footer; - + &footer; + diff --git a/en/features.sgml b/en/features.sgml index 9ae17f6eee..4dfff113dd 100644 --- a/en/features.sgml +++ b/en/features.sgml @@ -1,98 +1,109 @@ + %includes; ]> - + -&header; + &header; + +

    FreeBSD offers many advanced features.

    + +
    +

    No matter what the application, you want your system's resources + performing at their full potential. FreeBSD's advanced features + enable you to do just that.

    +
    -

    FreeBSD offers many advanced features.

    +
    A complete operating system based on + 4.4BSD. -
    -

    No matter what the application, you want your system's resources performing -at their full potential. FreeBSD's advanced features enable you to do just -that.

    -
    +
    +

    FreeBSD's distinguished roots derive from the latest BSD + software releases from the Computer Systems Research Group at the + University of California, Berkeley. The book The Design and + Implementation of 4.4BSD Operating System, written by the 4.4BSD + system architects, thus describes much of FreeBSD's core functionality + in detail.

    -
    A -complete operating system based on 4.4BSD. +

    Drawing on the skills and experience of a diverse and world-wide + group of volunteer developers, the FreeBSD Project has worked to + extend the feature set of the 4.4BSD operating system in many ways, + striving constantly to make each new release of the OS more stable, + faster and containing new functionality driven by user requests.

    +
    -
    -

    FreeBSD's distinguished roots derive from the latest BSD -software releases from the Computer Systems Research Group at the -University of California, Berkeley. The book The Design and Implementation -of 4.4BSD Operating System, written by the 4.4BSD system architects, -thus describes much of FreeBSD's core functionality in detail.

    +
    FreeBSD provides higher performance, + greater compatibility with other operating systems and less system + administration. -

    Drawing on the skills and experience of a diverse and world-wide group of -volunteer developers, the FreeBSD Project has worked to extend the -feature set of the 4.4BSD operating system in many ways, striving constantly -to make each new release of the OS more stable, faster and containing new -functionality driven by user requests.

    -
    +
    +

    FreeBSD's developers attacked some of the more difficult problems in + operating systems design to give you these advanced features:

    + + +

    What experts have to say . . .

    + +
    +

    ``FreeBSD has an outline-structured visual configuration editor + ... you can enter the configuration of every device the OS supports + and can therefore get a successful installation on the first try + almost every time. IBM, Microsoft, and others would do well to + emulate FreeBSD's approach.''

    -

    Naturally, since FreeBSD is an ongoing effort, you can expect newer -features and higher levels of stability with each release.

    -
    +

    ---Brett Glass, Infoworld, April 8 + 1996.

    +
    -

    What experts have to say . . .

    - -
    -

    ``FreeBSD has an outline-structured visual configuration editor ... -you can enter the configuration of every device the OS supports and can -therefore get a successful installation on the first try almost every time. -IBM, Microsoft, and others would do well to emulate FreeBSD's approach.''

    - -

    ---Brett Glass, Infoworld, April 8 1996.

    -
    - -&footer; - + &footer; + + -&header; + &header; + +

    FreeBSD was designed for the Internet

    + +
    +

    FreeBSD includes what many consider the reference + implementation for TCP/IP software, the 4.4 BSD TCP/IP protocol stack, + thereby making it ideal for network applications and the Internet.

    +
    -

    FreeBSD was designed for the Internet

    +
    FreeBSD supports standard TCP/IP + protocols. -

    FreeBSD includes what many consider the reference implementation -for TCP/IP software, the 4.4 BSD TCP/IP protocol stack, thereby making it -ideal for network applications and the Internet.

    +
    +

    Like most UNIX systems, the FreeBSD operating system enables you + to

    -
    FreeBSD -supports standard TCP/IP protocols. + + +

    FreeBSD lets you to turn a PC into a World Wide Web server or + Usenet news relay with included software. Using the included SAMBA + software you can even share filesystems or printers with your Win95 + and NT machines and, with the supplied PCNFS authentication daemon, + you can support machines running PC/NFS. FreeBSD also supports + Appletalk and Novell client/server networking (using an optional commercial package), + making it a true "Intranet" networking solution.

    -
    -

    Like most UNIX systems, the FreeBSD operating system enables you to

    +

    FreeBSD also handles TCP extensions like the RFC-1323 + high performance extension and RFC-1644 + extension for transactions, plus SLIP and dial-on-demand PPP. It is + an operating system suitable for a home-based net surfer as well as a + corporate systems administrator.

    +
    - - -

    FreeBSD lets you to turn a PC into a World Wide Web server or Usenet -news relay with included software. Using the included SAMBA software you -can even share filesystems or printers with your Win95 and NT machines and, -with the supplied PCNFS authentication daemon, you can support machines -running PC/NFS. FreeBSD also supports Appletalk and Novell client/server -networking (using an optional commercial -package), making it a true "Intranet" networking solution. -

    - -

    FreeBSD also handles TCP extensions like the RFC-1323 -high performance extension and RFC-1644 -extension for transactions, plus SLIP and dial-on-demand PPP. It is an operating -system suitable for a home-based net surfer as well as a corporate systems -administrator.

    -
    - -
    FreeBSD's -networking is stable and fast. - -
    -

    If you need an Internet server platform that is reliable and offers the -best performance under heavy load, then consider FreeBSD. Here are just a few -of the companies that make use of FreeBSD every day:

    - - - -

    FreeBSD makes an ideal platform for these and other Internet services:

    - - - -

    The FreeBSD ports collection -contains ready-to-run software that makes it easy to set up your own Internet -server.

    -
    - -
    High -performance and security. - -
    -

    The FreeBSD development team is as concerned about security as they -are about performance. FreeBSD includes kernel support for IP firewalling, -as well other services, such as IP proxy gateways. If you put your corporate -servers on the Internet, any 386 PC (or better) running FreeBSD can act as -a network firewall to protect them from outside attack.

    - -

    Encryption software, secure shells, Kerberos, end-to-end encryption -and secure RPC facilities are also available (subject to export -restrictions).

    - -

    Furthermore, the FreeBSD team is proactive in detecting and disseminating -security information and bug reports with a -security officer and -ties to the Computer Emergency Response Team -(CERT).

    -
    - -

    What experts have to say . . .

    - -
    -

    ``FreeBSD ... provides what is probably the most robust and capable -TCP/IP stack in existence ...''

    - -

    ---Michael O'Brien, SunExpert August 1996 volume -7 number 8.

    -
    - -&footer; - +
    +

    ``FreeBSD ... provides what is probably the most robust and capable + TCP/IP stack in existence ...''

    + +

    ---Michael O'Brien, SunExpert August 1996 + volume 7 number 8.

    +
    + + &footer; + + -&header; - + &header; +

    Questions about FreeBSD...

    - +

    Questions regarding FreeBSD should be addressed to the FreeBSD Questions - mailing list, - freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.ORG.

    + mailing list, freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.ORG.

    Questions about the contents of this WWW server...

    - -

    Questions or suggestions about our documentation - (Handbook, FAQ, - Tutorials) should be addressed to - the members of the FreeBSD Documentation Project, - freebsd-doc@FreeBSD.ORG.

    + +

    Questions or suggestions about our documentation (Handbook, FAQ, Tutorials) should be addressed to the + members of the FreeBSD Documentation Project, freebsd-doc@FreeBSD.ORG.

    Other FreeBSD Mailing Lists

    -

    Mailing lists are - the primary support channel for FreeBSD users, with numerous - mailing lists covering different topic areas. - Several non-English mailing lists are also available.

    + +

    Mailing lists are the primary + support channel for FreeBSD users, with numerous mailing lists covering + different topic areas. Several non-English mailing lists are also + available.

    Snail mail, phone and fax

    - For CDROM orders: - - Walnut Creek CDROM
    - For commercial support: - - The FreeBSD Mall
    + For CDROM orders: Walnut + Creek CDROM
    + + For commercial support: The + FreeBSD Mall

    Who Is Responsible for What

    +

    -&footer; - + &footer; + + -&header; - - -
    FreeBSD Daemon -
    + &header; + + + + + + +
    FreeBSD Daemon + +
    + + Here you'll find the covers of many FreeBSD related publications. If you + know of any additional FreeBSD publications/CDROMs let us know, at www@freebsd.org, so that they may be + added to this site. + +

    + + Click on any of the graphics to see a larger version. + + -Here you'll find the covers of many FreeBSD related publications. If you know of any additional FreeBSD publications/CDROMs -let us know, at www@freebsd.org, so that they may be added to this site. -

    -Click on any of the graphics to see a larger version. - -

    Books

    - +

    Books

    +
    + + - + + + + + - + + - + + - - + + - - - - - - - - -
    This is a recent (May 1997) publication from Tatsumi Hosokawa and -others. Among computer books, it is a top-seller in Japan and -exceeded the sales of Bill Gates' "The Road Ahead" when published -(it was #2, this book was #1).
    This is a recent (May 1997) publication from Tatsumi Hosokawa and + others. Among computer books, it is a top-seller in Japan and + exceeded the sales of Bill Gates' "The Road Ahead" when published + (it was #2, this book was #1).
    (Japanese FreeBSD book with 2.0.5, titled "FreeBSD: Fun and easy Installation")
    (Japanese FreeBSD book with 2.0.5, titled "FreeBSD: Fun and easy + Installation")
    (Japanese FreeBSD book with 2.0.5, titled "FreeBSD Introductory Kit")
    This is Walnut Creek CDROM's "FreeBSD Complete" -with installation guide, manual pages and 2 installation -CDs inside. -
    (Japanese FreeBSD book with 2.0.5, titled "FreeBSD Introductory + Kit")
    This is Walnut Creek CDROM's "Installing & Running FreeBSD", -a product which contained installation instructions and was -shipped with each 2 CD set. It has since been replaced by -the larger "FreeBSD Complete" book. -
    This book was recently published (early 1997) in Taiwan. -Its title is "FreeBSD: introduction and applications" -and the author is Jian-Da Li. -
    This is the "Getting Started with FreeBSD" from Fuki-Shuppan. -Other than the standard installation guide and Japanese environment, -it emphasizes system administration and low-level information (such -as the boot process, etc.) FreeBSD-2.2.2R and XFree86-3.2 on -CDROM. 264 pages, 3,400 yen. -
    The "Personal Unix Starter Kit - FreeBSD" from ASCII. Includes -history of Unix, a guide to build a Japanese documentation processing -system and how to create ports. 2.1.7.1R and XFree86-3.2 in CDROM. -384 pages, 3,000 yen. -
    BSD mit Methode, M. Schulze, B. Roehrig, M. Hoelzer und andere, -C&L Computer und Literatur Verlag, 1998, 850 pages. -2 CDROMs, FreeBSD 2.2.6, NetBSD 1.2.1 and 1.3.2, OpenBSD 2.2 -and 2.3. DM 98,-. -
    This is the "FreeBSD Install and -utilization manual" from Mainichi Communications. General -introduction to FreeBSD from installation to utilization with -troubleshooting under the supervision of the user group in -Japan. 2.2.7-RELEASE FreeBSD(98)2.2.7-Rev01 PAO and distfiles in -CDROM. 472 pages, 3,600yen. -
    The "FreeBSD User's Reference Manual" from -Mainichi Communications, under the supervision of "jpman project", -the manual transtation project by the user group in Japan. -Japanese edition of the section 1 of the FreeBSD manual. 2.2.7-RELEASE -FreeBSD(98)2.2.7-Rev01 and PAO in CDROM. 1,040 pages, 3,800yen. -
    The "FreeBSD System Administrator's Manual" -from Mainichi Communications, under the supervision of "jpman project", -the manual translation project by the user group in Japan. -Japanese edition of the section 5 and 8 of the FreeBSD manual. -756 pages, 3,300yen. -
    + + + + This is Walnut Creek CDROM's "FreeBSD Complete" with installation + guide, manual pages and 2 installation CDs inside. + + + + - -

    CDROMs

    For more about recent releases go to FreeBSD release information -page.

    - - + + + + + - + + + + + + + + + + - + + + + + + + - + + - + + - + + - + + - + + - + + +
    This is InfoMagic's BSDisc, containing FreeBSD 2.0 and NetBSD 1.0 on -a single CD. This is the only example I have which had cover art. -
    This is Walnut Creek CDROM's "Installing & Running FreeBSD", a + product which contained installation instructions and was shipped + with each 2 CD set. It has since been replaced by the larger + "FreeBSD Complete" book.
    This is the original 4.4 BSD Lite2 release from UC Berkeley, -the core technology behind much of FreeBSD. -
    This book was recently published (early 1997) in Taiwan. Its title + is "FreeBSD: introduction and applications" and the author is + Jian-Da Li.
    This is the "Getting Started with FreeBSD" from Fuki-Shuppan. + Other than the standard installation guide and Japanese environment, + it emphasizes system administration and low-level information (such + as the boot process, etc.) FreeBSD-2.2.2R and XFree86-3.2 on CDROM. + 264 pages, 3,400 yen.
    The first of Laser5's "BSD" series. Contains FreeBSD-2.0.5R, NetBSD-1.0, -XFree86-3.1.1 and FreeBSD(98) kernel.
    The "Personal Unix Starter Kit - FreeBSD" from ASCII. Includes + history of Unix, a guide to build a Japanese documentation + processing system and how to create ports. 2.1.7.1R and XFree86-3.2 + in CDROM. 384 pages, 3,000 yen.
    BSD mit Methode, M. Schulze, B. Roehrig, M. Hoelzer und andere, + C&L Computer und Literatur Verlag, 1998, 850 pages. 2 CDROMs, + FreeBSD 2.2.6, NetBSD 1.2.1 and 1.3.2, OpenBSD 2.2 and 2.3. DM + 98,-.
    The second of Laser5's "BSD" series. From this version, the CDs come -in a standard jewel box. Contains FreeBSD-2.1R, NetBSD-1.1, -XFree86-3.1.2 and 3.1.2A, and FreeBSD(98) kernel (2.0.5). -
    This is the Laser5 Japanese edition of the -FreeBSD CDROM. It is a 4 CD set. -
    This is the "FreeBSD Install and utilization manual" from Mainichi + Communications. General introduction to FreeBSD from installation + to utilization with troubleshooting under the supervision of the + user group in Japan. 2.2.7-RELEASE FreeBSD(98)2.2.7-Rev01 PAO and + distfiles in CDROM. 472 pages, 3,600yen.
    This is the only FreeBSD CD Pacific Hitech produced before merging their -product line with that of Walnut Creek CDROM. PHT now also produces the -FreeBSD/J (Japanese) CD product.
    This is the cover disc from the Korean magazine. -Note the creative cover art! The CD contains the FreeBSD 2.2.1 release -with some local additions.
    The "FreeBSD User's Reference Manual" from Mainichi + Communications, under the supervision of "jpman project", the manual + transtation project by the user group in Japan. Japanese edition of + the section 1 of the FreeBSD manual. 2.2.7-RELEASE + FreeBSD(98)2.2.7-Rev01 and PAO in CDROM. 1,040 pages, 3,800yen.
    This is it - the very first FreeBSD CD published! Both the FreeBSD -Project and Walnut Creek CDROM were fairly young back then, and you'll -probably have little difficulty in spotting the differences in production -quality between then and now. -
    This was the second FreeBSD CD published by Walnut Creek CDROM and also the -very last on the 1.x branch (ref USL/Novell lawsuit and settlement). The next release, FreeBSD 1.1.5, was only -available on the net. -
    The "FreeBSD System Administrator's Manual" from Mainichi + Communications, under the supervision of "jpman project", the manual + translation project by the user group in Japan. Japanese edition of + the section 5 and 8 of the FreeBSD manual. 756 pages, 3,300yen. +
    + + + +

    CDROMs

    -This unusual CD is something of a collector's item now given that almost -all existing examples were systematically tracked down and destroyed. + For more about recent releases go to FreeBSD release information page. -An artwork mishap has this CD dated for the wrong year, and on the spine -"January" is also misspelled as "Jaunary", just to increase the embarrassment -factor. Ah, the perils of turning in one's artwork just hours before leaving for -a trade show. - +

    + + + + - + + - + + - + + - + + - - + + - + + - + + - + + - + + + + - + + + - + + -
    This is the fixed-up version of the FreeBSD 2.0 CD. -Note that the color scheme has even been changed in the corrected version, -something unusual for a fixup and perhaps done to distance it from the -earlier mistake.
    This is InfoMagic's BSDisc, containing FreeBSD 2.0 and NetBSD 1.0 + on a single CD. This is the only example I have which had cover + art.
    The FreeBSD 2.0.5 release CD. This was the first CD to feature Tatsumi Hosokawa's daemon - artwork.
    The FreeBSD 2.1 release CD. This was the first CD release on the 2.1 branch -(the last being 2.1.7).
    This is the original 4.4 BSD Lite2 release from UC Berkeley, the + core technology behind much of FreeBSD.
    The FreeBSD 2.1.5 release CD.
    The FreeBSD 2.1.6 release CD.
    The Japanese version of 2.1.6. This was the first and last Japanese -localized version published by WC, responsibility for that product then -transitioning to a team led by Tatsumi Hosokawa and sponsored by -Pacific Hitech and Laser5. -
    The first of Laser5's "BSD" series. Contains FreeBSD-2.0.5R, + NetBSD-1.0, XFree86-3.1.1 and FreeBSD(98) kernel.
    The FreeBSD 2.1.7 release CD. Also the last CD released on the 2.1.x -branch. Done primarily as a security fixup for 2.1.6 -
    An early release SNAPshot of 2.2 (done before 2.2.1 was released). -
    The second of Laser5's "BSD" series. From this version, the CDs + come in a standard jewel box. Contains FreeBSD-2.1R, NetBSD-1.1, + XFree86-3.1.2 and 3.1.2A, and FreeBSD(98) kernel (2.0.5).
    The FreeBSD 2.2.1 release CD. This was the first CD on the 2.2 branch. -
    The FreeBSD 2.2.2 release CD. -
    This is the Laser5 Japanese edition of the FreeBSD CDROM. It is a + 4 CD set.
    The FreeBSD 3.0 snapshot CD. -
    This is the only FreeBSD CD Pacific Hitech produced before merging + their product line with that of Walnut Creek CDROM. PHT now also + produces the FreeBSD/J (Japanese) CD product.
    The FreeBSD mailing list and newsgroup archives, turned into HTML and -semi-indexed by thread. This product ran for 2 releases and then stopped -with a thud once it became obvious that there was simply too much data to -deal with on one CD. Perhaps when DVD becomes more popular... -
    This is the cover disc from the Korean magazine. Note the creative cover art! The + CD contains the FreeBSD 2.2.1 release with some local + additions.
    + + - -

    Magazines

    - - + + - + + - + + + + + + + - + - -
    Cover of Korean UNIX magazine, May 1997 issue. -Also included FreeBSD 2.2.1 with cover CDs. -
    This is it - the very first FreeBSD CD published! Both the + FreeBSD Project and Walnut Creek CDROM were fairly young back then, + and you'll probably have little difficulty in spotting the + differences in production quality between then and now. +
    UNIX User Magazine -November 1996 issue. -Also included FreeBSD 2.1.5 on cover CD. -
    This is the "FreeBSD Full Course" special in April 1997's Software -Design (published by Gijutsu Hyoron Sha). There are 80 pages of -FreeBSD articles covering everything from installation to tracking --current. -
    This was the second FreeBSD CD published by Walnut Creek CDROM and + also the very last on the 1.x branch (ref USL/Novell lawsuit and + settlement). The next release, FreeBSD 1.1.5, was only available on + the net. +
    This unusual CD is something of a collector's item now given that + almost all existing examples were systematically tracked down and + destroyed. An artwork mishap has this CD dated for the wrong year, + and on the spine "January" is also misspelled as "Jaunary", just to + increase the embarrassment factor. Ah, the perils of turning in + one's artwork just hours before leaving for a trade show. +
    -Quality Unix for FREE, by Brett Glass -in Sm@rt Reseller Online -September 1998 +
    + This is the fixed-up version of the FreeBSD 2.0 CD. Note that the + color scheme has even been changed in the corrected version, + something unusual for a fixup and perhaps done to distance it from + the earlier mistake. + - -

    Newsletters

    - - + + - -
    -This is -issue #1 -of the FreeBSD Newsletter, published and distributed free of charge by -Walnut Creek CDROM. -You can -register to receive it. -Submit articles/make comments by sending email to -newsletter@FreeBSD.ORG. -
    -This is -issue #2 -of the FreeBSD Newsletter, published and distributed free of charge by -Walnut Creek CDROM. -You can -register to receive it. -Submit articles/make comments by sending email to -newsletter@FreeBSD.ORG. -
    + The FreeBSD 2.0.5 release CD. This was the first CD to feature + Tatsumi Hosokawa's daemon artwork. + -
    questions@FreeBSD.ORG
    - Copyright © 1995-1997 FreeBSD Inc. - All rights reserved.
    $Date: 1999-06-16 19:00:40 $
    - + + + + The FreeBSD 2.1 release CD. This was the first CD release on the + 2.1 branch (the last being 2.1.7). + + + + + + The FreeBSD 2.1.5 release CD. + + + + + + The FreeBSD 2.1.6 release CD. + + + + + + The Japanese version of 2.1.6. This was the first and last + Japanese localized version published by WC, responsibility for that + product then transitioning to a team led by Tatsumi Hosokawa and + sponsored by Pacific Hitech and Laser5. + + + + + + + The FreeBSD 2.1.7 release CD. Also the last CD released on the + 2.1.x branch. Done primarily as a security fixup for 2.1.6 + + + + + + An early release SNAPshot of 2.2 (done before 2.2.1 was + released). + + + + + + The FreeBSD 2.2.1 release CD. This was the first CD on the 2.2 + branch. + + + + + + The FreeBSD 2.2.2 release CD. + + + + + + The FreeBSD 3.0 snapshot CD. + + + + + + The FreeBSD mailing list and newsgroup archives, turned into HTML + and semi-indexed by thread. This product ran for 2 releases and + then stopped with a thud once it became obvious that there was + simply too much data to deal with on one CD. Perhaps when DVD + becomes more popular... + + + + + +

    Magazines

    + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
    Cover of Korean UNIX magazine, May 1997 issue. Also included FreeBSD 2.2.1 with cover CDs.
    UNIX User Magazine November 1996 issue. Also included FreeBSD + 2.1.5 on cover CD.
    This is the "FreeBSD Full Course" special in April 1997's Software + Design (published by Gijutsu Hyoron Sha). There are 80 pages of + FreeBSD articles covering everything from installation to tracking + -current.
    Quality + Unix for FREE, by Brett Glass in Sm@rt Reseller Online + September 1998
    + + + +

    Newsletters

    + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
    This is issue + #1 of the FreeBSD Newsletter, published and distributed free + of charge by Walnut Creek CDROM. + You can register + to receive it. Submit articles/make comments by sending email to + newsletter@FreeBSD.ORG. +
    This is issue + #2 of the FreeBSD Newsletter, published and distributed free + of charge by Walnut Creek CDROM. + You can register + to receive it. Submit articles/make comments by sending email to + newsletter@FreeBSD.ORG. +
    + +
    questions@FreeBSD.ORG
    + Copyright © 1995-1997 FreeBSD Inc. All rights reserved.
    $Date: + 1999/06/16 19:00:40 $
    + + -&header; -
    -Register to receive the FreeBSD Newsletter and subscribe to announce@freebsd.org mailing list.
    -
    -
    - + &header; -
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    Register to receive the FreeBSD Newsletter and + subscribe to announce@freebsd.org mailing list.
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    Preview a copy of the newsletter in - -Adobe PDF format. A - -help file is available to assist you in selecting and using -a PDF viewer. - -&footer; - +

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    Preview a copy of the newsletter in Adobe + PDF format. A help + file is available to assist you in selecting and using a PDF + viewer. + + &footer; + + -&header; + &header; + + + + - +

    Thank you for taking the time to let us know about a problem with + FreeBSD. Please fill out the form as completely as possible. Make sure + you fill in the "Environment" field as requested with the output from + the machine on which problem occurred.

    - +
    + + + + + Your Electronic Mail Address:
    + + +
    Your Name:
    + -

    Thank you for taking the time to let us know about a problem -with FreeBSD. Please fill out the form as completely as possible. -Make sure you fill in the "Environment" field as requested with -the output from the machine on which problem occurred.

    +
    Your Organization or Company:
    + + +
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    + - - - - -Your Electronic Mail Address:
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    + + &footer; + + -&header; + &header; + +

    + + - - -

    Mailing lists

    - -

    Mailing lists - are the primary support channel for FreeBSD - users, with numerous mailing lists covering different - topic areas. When in doubt about what list to post a - question to, post to freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.ORG. - You can browse or search - the mailing list - archives at www.freebsd.org.

    - + +

    Mailing + lists are the primary support channel for FreeBSD users, with + numerous mailing lists covering different topic areas. When in doubt + about what list to post a question to, post to freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.ORG. You can browse or + search the + mailing list archives at www.freebsd.org.

    +

    Several non-English mailing lists are also available:

    + +

    If you create other freebsd mailing lists, let us know about them.

    -

    If you create other freebsd mailing lists, - let us know about them.

    + -

    Newsgroups

    There are a few FreeBSD specific newsgroups, along with - numerous other newsgroups on topics of interest to FreeBSD - users, though the mailing lists remain the most reliable way to - get in touch with the FreeBSD developers. For miscellaneous - FreeBSD discussion, see - comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.misc. For important announcements, - see - comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.announce.

    + href="&base/handbook/eresources-news.html">newsgroups, along with + numerous other newsgroups on topics of interest to FreeBSD users, though + the mailing lists remain the most reliable way to get in touch with the + FreeBSD developers. For miscellaneous FreeBSD discussion, see comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.misc. + For important announcements, see comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.announce.

    -

    - The BSD Usenet News Searcher have archives of all - BSD-related Usenet newsgroups from June 1992 onwards. -

    +

    The + BSD Usenet News Searcher have archives of all + BSD-related Usenet newsgroups from June 1992 onwards.

    - + +

    WEB Resources

    + - -

    - - - - -

  • For information on recent FreeBSD progress and releases, - see the Newsflash page.

    • - -

  • To register to receive the FreeBSD Newsletter and/or subscribe to - the announcement mailing list, please see the - Registration page.

    -
    • - -

    GNATS Problem Report Database

    Current FreeBSD problem reports are tracked using the GNATS database.

    - +

    -

    Problem reports may also be submitted to the - development team using the - send-pr(1) command on a FreeBSD system or by sending an email - message to freebsd-bugs@FreeBSD.ORG. - Please note that - send-pr is preferred since messages sent to the mailing list are - not tracked as official problem reports! +

    Problem reports may also be submitted to the development team using the + send-pr(1) command on + a FreeBSD system or by sending an email message to freebsd-bugs@FreeBSD.ORG. + Please note that send-pr is preferred + since messages sent to the mailing list are not tracked as + official problem reports! - -

    CVS Repository

    + + +

    CVS Repository

    + +

    CVS (the + Concurrent Version System) is the tool we use for keeping our sources + under control. Every change (with accompanying log message explaining + its purpose) from FreeBSD 2.0 to the present is stored here, and can be + easily viewed from here (click on the link). To obtain a complete copy + of the FreeBSD CVS repository or any of the development branches inside + it, you may choose any one of following options: -

    CVS - (the Concurrent Version System) is the tool we use for - keeping our sources under control. Every change (with - accompanying log message explaining its purpose) from - FreeBSD 2.0 to the present is stored here, and can be - easily viewed from here (click on the link). To obtain a - complete copy of the FreeBSD CVS repository or any of the - development branches inside it, you may choose any one of - following options: - -

      -
    • cvsup - if you're looking for on-demand, low overhead access - using a custom utility (written in Modula-3 no less).
      • +
        +
      • cvsup if you're looking + for on-demand, low overhead access using a custom utility (written in + Modula-3 no less).
      • anoncvs - if you're looking - for on-demand access that has higher overhead than cvsup (in - terms of wall time and bytes xferred) but is easier to use for checking - out small pieces of the tree and requires nothing more than the - cvs tools already bundled with FreeBSD.
        • + if you're looking for on-demand access that has higher overhead than + cvsup (in terms of wall time and bytes xferred) but is easier to use + for checking out small pieces of the tree and requires nothing more + than the cvs tools already bundled with FreeBSD. -
      • CTM if you're looking for very - low overhead, batch-mode access (basically, patches through email) - access.
        • +
      • CTM if you're looking for + very low overhead, batch-mode access (basically, patches through + email) access.
      • The web interface - if you're looking to simply browse the repository in search of a specific - change or file revision.
        • + if you're looking to simply browse the repository in search of a + specific change or file revision.
      • Finally, if you've got bandwidth to burn or you prefer / are forced - to use FTP, you can simply mirror the CVS repository from ftp.freebsd.org. + to use FTP, you can simply mirror the CVS repository from ftp.freebsd.org.
        • -
      +
    -

    Mirrors of the CVS Repository cgi script are available in - California, - Germany, - - Japan and Spain - (English, - Spanish). -

    - - - -

    User Groups

    - -

    FreeBSD's widespread popularity has spawned a number of user - groups around the world. If you know of a FreeBSD user group - not listed here, let us know - about it.

    +

    Mirrors of the CVS Repository cgi script are available in California, Germany, + Japan and Spain (English, Spanish).

    + + +

    User Groups

    + +

    FreeBSD's widespread popularity has spawned a number of user groups + around the world. If you know of a FreeBSD user group not listed here, + let us know about it.

    +

    Australia

    - -

    Europe

    + +
      +
    • Denmark The Danish *BSD user group, BSD/DK, is being created. + Send mail subscription request to bsd-dk-request@hotel.prosa.dk. + No initial meeting planned yet. + +

      • + +
    • Duisburg, Germany The Cosmo-Project is a user + group with a difference. Instead of just meeting, they actively + develop projects such as robots. Most users use FreeBSD, but it isn't + a specifically FreeBSD-related group. -
      • Denmark The Danish *BSD user group, BSD/DK, is being created. Send - mail subscription request to bsd-dk-request@hotel.prosa.dk. No initial meeting planned yet.

        • -
      • Duisburg, Germany The Cosmo-Project is a user group - with a difference. Instead of just meeting, they actively develop - projects such as robots. Most users use FreeBSD, but it isn't a - specifically FreeBSD-related group.

        • - -
      • Hamburg, Germany The BSDHH (BSD User Group - Hamburg) meets on the first Wednesday of the month at 7.00pm in the - Chinese restaurant Lotosblüte, Löwenstraße 22 in +
      • Hamburg, Germany The BSDHH (BSD User + Group Hamburg) meets on the first Wednesday of the month at 7.00pm in + the Chinese restaurant Lotosblüte, Löwenstraße 22 in Hamburg-Eppendorf. Most members are FreeBSD users, although users of - all BSD flavors are welcome.

        • + all BSD flavors are welcome. -
      • United Kingdom The FreeBSD UKUG (FreeBSD UK User's - Group) exists for the benefit of FreeBSD users in the United Kingdom. - Please follow the link for details.

        • -
      +

      • + +
    • United Kingdom The FreeBSD UKUG (FreeBSD UK + User's Group) exists for the benefit of FreeBSD users in the United + Kingdom. Please follow the link for details. + +

      • +

    North America

    -
      -
    • Chicago IL The Chicago FreeBSD Users - Group (ChiFUG).

      • +
        +
      • Chicago IL The Chicago FreeBSD + Users Group (ChiFUG). -
      • The Connecticut Free Unix user's - Group (CFUG) is devoted to free unix, but has resources - for almost all Unixen. Their area of operation is Connecticut - and Western Massachusetts. More information can be found at - http://www.cfug.org.

        • - -
      • The Houston TX (Houston FreeBSD - Users Group) formed March 1999. Our goal is to promote and - educate Houston computer users on FreeBSD Unix. We meet on - the fourth Thursday of the month. The group operates a - mailing list at - http://www.houfug.org/mailman/listinfo/hou-freebsd Contact - Ingrid Kast Fuller for more information.

        • - -
      • Kansas KULUA - (Kansas Unix & Linux Users Association) is a Free Unix user group based - in Lawrence, Kansas, but with users throughout eastern Kansas and - western Missouri. We have about 120 members and meet biweekly. Visit - the web site or email kulua@kulua.org for more - information.

        • - -
      • Los Angeles CA The Yahoo Club - group is a foundation for a Los Angeles based BSD user group.

        • -
      • New Mexico FUUNM (Free Unix Users of New +
      • The Connecticut Free Unix user's Group + (CFUG) is devoted to free unix, but has resources for almost all + Unixen. Their area of operation is Connecticut and Western + Massachusetts. More information can be found at http://www.cfug.org. + +

        • + +
      • The Houston TX (Houston FreeBSD Users Group) + formed March 1999. Our goal is to promote and educate Houston + computer users on FreeBSD Unix. We meet on the fourth Thursday of the + month. The group operates a mailing list at http://www.houfug.org/mailman/listinfo/hou-freebsd + Contact Ingrid Kast Fuller for more information. + +

        • + +
      • Kansas KULUA (Kansas Unix & Linux Users + Association) is a Free Unix user group based in Lawrence, Kansas, but + with users throughout eastern Kansas and western Missouri. We have + about 120 members and meet biweekly. Visit the web site or email kulua@kulua.org for more + information. + +

        • + +
      • Los Angeles CA The Yahoo + Club group is a foundation for a Los Angeles based BSD user + group. + +

        • + +
      • New Mexico FUUNM (Free Unix Users of New Mexico) meets on the 2nd Saturday of the month from 4:30-6:00pm at the - Farris Engineering Center, room 141, University of new Mexico. This is - not specifically a FreeBSD user group, but if you are in the area, your - presence is welcome. The group operates a mailing list (fuunm@astro.phys.unm.edu). - Contact Alan Lundin for more - information.

        • + Farris Engineering Center, room 141, University of new Mexico. This + is not specifically a FreeBSD user group, but if you are in the area, + your presence is welcome. The group operates a mailing list (fuunm@astro.phys.unm.edu). + Contact Alan Lundin for + more information. -
      • New York NY D'Artagnan's FreeBSD Users - Group.

        • +

        -
      • New York NY FUNY (FreeBSD Users of New York) had - its inaugural meeting in February 1999. It is based in NYC - and serves the surrounding metropolitan area.

        • +
      • New York NY D'Artagnan's FreeBSD + Users Group. -
      • Northern Arizona Yavapai Free Unix Users +

        • + +
      • New York NY FUNY (FreeBSD Users of New York) had its + inaugural meeting in February 1999. It is based in NYC and serves the + surrounding metropolitan area. + +

        • + +
      • Northern Arizona Yavapai Free Unix Users Group is now forming for *BSD/Linux, etc., users in Northern Arizona. Please contact Russell Carter ( - rcarter@consys.com) for details.

        • + rcarter@consys.com) for details. -
      • Orlando, FL BUGO (BSD Users - Group of Orlando) is a group based in Orlando, FL that aims to - bring a friendly forum to all UNIX users in the central - Florida area, and hopefully beyond. See the BUGO web page for further - details.

        • - -
      • Phoenix AZ The Phoenix BSD Users - group is fully open for business. Anyone from the Phoenix - area please feel free to join in http://bsd.phoenix.az.us.

        • -
      • Portland, OR The Portland - (Oregon) FreeBSD Users group meets on the third Thursday of - each month. Mail Rick - Hamell.

        • +
      • Orlando, FL BUGO (BSD Users Group of + Orlando) is a group based in Orlando, FL that aims to bring a + friendly forum to all UNIX users in the central Florida area, + and hopefully beyond. See the BUGO web + page for further details. -
      • Reno NV RUUG (Reno Unix Users Group) meets +

        • + +
      • Phoenix AZ The Phoenix BSD Users group is + fully open for business. Anyone from the Phoenix area please feel + free to join in http://bsd.phoenix.az.us. + +

        • + +
      • Portland, OR The Portland (Oregon) FreeBSD + Users group meets on the third Thursday of each month. Mail Rick Hamell. + +

        • + +
      • Reno NV RUUG (Reno Unix Users Group) meets monthly in Reno Nevada and discusses the use of FreeBSD and Linux. Contact Eric Blood or Todd Crenshaw for more - information.

        • + href="mailto:todd@crenshaw.reno.nv.us">Todd Crenshaw for more + information. -
      • Rhode Island The Rhode Island Free Unix - Group supports every form of UNIX that can be obtained freely. They can - be contacted at: http://users.tmok.com/~rifug or - by e-mail at: - rifug@entropy.tmok.com

        • +

        -
      • San Francisco Bay Area BAFUG (Bay Area FreeBSD Users Group) - meets semi-monthly at Silicon Reef. - Those interested in attending should visit the web site or send mail to - the mailing list

        • +
      • Rhode Island The Rhode Island Free Unix + Group supports every form of UNIX that can be obtained freely. They + can be contacted at: http://users.tmok.com/~rifug + or by e-mail at: rifug@entropy.tmok.com -
      • Seattle WA The Seattle FreeBSD Users Group (SeaFUG) - meets on a monthly basis. Those interested in attending should vist the - web site or contact Bill Swingle - for more info.

        • +

        -
      • The Tampa Florida users group is - now being formed. Interested parties can join the mailing list - by sending mail to bsd-tug-request@bangheadhere.org - with subscribe in the body. The first meeting was - planned for mid May 1999.

        • +
      • San Francisco Bay Area BAFUG (Bay Area FreeBSD Users + Group) meets semi-monthly at Silicon + Reef. Those interested in attending should visit the web site + or send mail to the mailing + list -
      • Greater Toronto Area, Ontario: - GTAFUG, a new group with - majordomo mailing list and regular meetings - planned.

        • +

        -
      • Tucson AZ TFUG: Tucson Free Unix Group, - Arizona.

        • +
      • Seattle WA The Seattle FreeBSD Users Group + (SeaFUG) meets on a monthly basis. Those interested in attending + should vist the web site or contact Bill Swingle for more + info. -
      • Washington DC (DC Metropolitan Area) FreeBSD - User Group is now forming. Please contact Richard Cramer, Sytex Access - Ltd. at 703-425-2515, or preferred, email at rcramer@sytex.net to be put on a - member distribution list. Initial meeting to be held in May.

        • +

        -
      • Wichita, Kansas: +
      • The Tampa Florida users group is now being + formed. Interested parties can join the mailing list by sending mail + to bsd-tug-request@bangheadhere.org + with subscribe in the body. The first meeting was planned + for mid May 1999. - A new FreeBSD user's group has been created in Wichita, Ks. - We are fairly new and working on our site, but I wanted to get - it up as soon as we had it availble. We do not currently - meet. Visit our site http://wafug.dynip.com or - E-mail the group organizer (ben177@yahoo.com) for more +

        • + +
      • Greater Toronto Area, Ontario: GTAFUG, a new group with majordomo + mailing list and regular meetings planned. + +

        • + +
      • Tucson AZ TFUG: Tucson Free Unix Group, + Arizona. + +

        • + +
      • Washington DC (DC Metropolitan Area) + FreeBSD User Group is now forming. Please contact Richard Cramer, + Sytex Access Ltd. at 703-425-2515, or preferred, email at rcramer@sytex.net to be put on a + member distribution list. Initial meeting to be held in May. + +

        • + +
      • Wichita, Kansas: A new FreeBSD user's + group has been created in Wichita, Ks. We are fairly new and working + on our site, but I wanted to get it up as soon as we had it availble. + We do not currently meet. Visit our site http://wafug.dynip.com or E-mail + the group organizer (ben177@yahoo.com) for more information! +

        • - -
      • Windsor, Ontario The Windsor Unix Users Group - (Windsor, Ontario, Canada) is now forming for *BSD, Solaris, SCO, etc. - This is not specifically a FreeBSD user group, but we do already have - members running FreeBSD. The group operates a mailing list - (wuug-list@unixpower.org). More information can be found by going to - the web site for WUUG, which is located at http://unix.windsor.on.ca/ +
      • Windsor, Ontario The Windsor Unix Users + Group (Windsor, Ontario, Canada) is now forming for *BSD, Solaris, + SCO, etc. This is not specifically a FreeBSD user group, but we do + already have members running FreeBSD. The group operates a mailing + list (wuug-list@unixpower.org). More information can be found by + going to the web site for WUUG, which is located at http://unix.windsor.on.ca/ +

        • -
      • Wisconsin FreeBSD-Milwaukee Wisconsin - meets occasionally and has a mailing list: freebsd-mke-l@ns.sol.net. send - mail to freebsd-mke-l-request@ns.sol.net - to subscribe.

        • +
      • Wisconsin FreeBSD-Milwaukee + Wisconsin meets occasionally and has a mailing list: freebsd-mke-l@ns.sol.net. + send mail to freebsd-mke-l-request@ns.sol.net + to subscribe. + +

      -

      Rest of the world

      +

      Rest of the world

      + +
        +
      • Israel The Israeli BSD Users Group is an + effort to promote the use of *BSD throught the country, and to act as + a center of information for all BSD users. It is currently run by + FreeBSD users, but all users of bsd Variants are welcome aboard. We + have a mailing list, hosted at bsd-il@osem.co.il. To + subscribe, simply send mail to majordomo@osem.co.il, with + the line "subscribe bsd-il" as the message body. -
          -
        • Israel The Israeli BSD Users Group is an - effort to promote the use of *BSD throught the country, and to act as a - center of information for all BSD users. It is currently run by FreeBSD - users, but all users of bsd Variants are welcome aboard. We have a - mailing list, hosted at bsd-il@osem.co.il. To subscribe, - simply send mail to majordomo@osem.co.il, with the - line "subscribe bsd-il" as the message body.

          • +

          + +
        • New Zealand The New Zealand FreeBSD User's + group is located in Wellington. No meetings have been scheduled + yet. -
        • New Zealand The New Zealand FreeBSD User's - group is located in Wellington. No meetings have been scheduled - yet.

          • +

          +
        + + + +

        FreeBSD Development Projects

        + +

        In addition to the mainstream development path of FreeBSD, a number of + developer groups are working on the cutting edge to expand FreeBSD's + range of applications in new directions. -

      - - -

      FreeBSD Development Projects

      - -

      In addition to the mainstream development path of FreeBSD, a number -of developer groups are working on the cutting edge to expand -FreeBSD's range of applications in new directions. - - -

      - FreeBSD Security Guide

      +

      FreeBSD Security + Guide

      Security resources available to FreeBSD users: PGP Key for Security Officers, advisories, patches and mailing lists. - +

      Commercial Consulting Services

      - + Whether you are just starting out with FreeBSD, or need to complete a large project, a consultant or two might be your answer. +

      + + -

      General UNIX Information

      - + + + -

      The X Window System

      - +
        -
      • The XFree86 - Project provides users of a variety of Intel based - Unix systems, including FreeBSD, with an excellent X - Window system.
        • +
      • The XFree86 Project provides + users of a variety of Intel based Unix systems, including FreeBSD, + with an excellent X Window system.
        • -
      • The WINE project - is working to provide the ability to - run MS-Windows software on Intel based Unix systems such - as FreeBSD, NetBSD and Linux. +
      • The WINE project is working to + provide the ability to run MS-Windows software on Intel based Unix + systems such as FreeBSD, NetBSD and Linux.
      + + + +

      Hardware

      - -

      Hardware

        -
      • The comp.answers pc-hardware-faq is a great - reference for people building their own machines.
        • +
      • The comp.answers pc-hardware-faq + is a great reference for people building their own machines.
      • Laptop users looking for PCCARD (aka PCMCIA) support not already - provided in the FreeBSD base distribution should see the - PAO distribution - page for the latest and greatest experimental laptop support.
        • + provided in the FreeBSD base distribution should see the PAO distribution page for + the latest and greatest experimental laptop support. -
      • Intel Secrets -- What - Intel Doesn't Want You To Know - lots of information - about Intel chips.
        • +
      • Intel Secrets -- What Intel Doesn't + Want You To Know - lots of information about Intel chips.
        • -
      • Aad - Offerman's Chip List - reference material on chips - used in PC clones.
        • +
      • Aad + Offerman's Chip List - reference material on chips used in PC + clones.
        • -
      • ASUS makes - motherboards that work well with FreeBSD.
        • +
      • ASUS makes motherboards that + work well with FreeBSD.
      • The FreeBSD hardware guide makes some specific recommendations for hardware that's known to work well with FreeBSD.
        • -
      +
    + + -

    Related Operating System Projects

    +
      +
    • NetBSD is + another free 4.4BSD-Lite based operating system which runs on several + different architectures.
      • -
    • NetBSD - is another free 4.4BSD-Lite based operating system which - runs on several different architectures.
      • - -
    • OpenBSD +
    • OpenBSD is another 4.4BSD derivative.
      • - +
    • Linux is another free Unix-like system.
      • + +
    • Lites + is a 4.4 BSD Lite based server and emulation library that provides + free unix functionality to a Mach based system.
      • -
    • Lites - is a 4.4 BSD Lite based server and emulation library that - provides free unix functionality to a Mach based - system.
      • - -
    • The GNU - HURD project is another effort to develop a free - Unix-like operating system.
      • +
    • The GNU + HURD project is another effort to develop a free + Unix-like operating system.
    -&footer; - + &footer; + + -&header; + &header; + + + + - - -

    Mailing lists

    - -

    Mailing lists - are the primary support channel for FreeBSD - users, with numerous mailing lists covering different - topic areas. When in doubt about what list to post a - question to, post to freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.ORG. - You can browse or search - the mailing list - archives at www.freebsd.org.

    - + +

    Mailing + lists are the primary support channel for FreeBSD users, with + numerous mailing lists covering different topic areas. When in doubt + about what list to post a question to, post to freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.ORG. You can browse or + search the + mailing list archives at www.freebsd.org.

    +

    Several non-English mailing lists are also available:

    + +

    If you create other freebsd mailing lists, let us know about them.

    -

    If you create other freebsd mailing lists, - let us know about them.

    + -

    Newsgroups

    There are a few FreeBSD specific newsgroups, along with - numerous other newsgroups on topics of interest to FreeBSD - users, though the mailing lists remain the most reliable way to - get in touch with the FreeBSD developers. For miscellaneous - FreeBSD discussion, see - comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.misc. For important announcements, - see - comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.announce.

    + href="&base/handbook/eresources-news.html">newsgroups, along with + numerous other newsgroups on topics of interest to FreeBSD users, though + the mailing lists remain the most reliable way to get in touch with the + FreeBSD developers. For miscellaneous FreeBSD discussion, see comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.misc. + For important announcements, see comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.announce.

    -

    - The BSD Usenet News Searcher have archives of all - BSD-related Usenet newsgroups from June 1992 onwards. -

    +

    The + BSD Usenet News Searcher have archives of all + BSD-related Usenet newsgroups from June 1992 onwards.

    - + +

    WEB Resources

    + - -

    - - - - -

  • For information on recent FreeBSD progress and releases, - see the Newsflash page.

    • - -

  • To register to receive the FreeBSD Newsletter and/or subscribe to - the announcement mailing list, please see the - Registration page.

    -
    • - -

    GNATS Problem Report Database

    Current FreeBSD problem reports are tracked using the GNATS database.

    - +

    -

    Problem reports may also be submitted to the - development team using the - send-pr(1) command on a FreeBSD system or by sending an email - message to freebsd-bugs@FreeBSD.ORG. - Please note that - send-pr is preferred since messages sent to the mailing list are - not tracked as official problem reports! +

    Problem reports may also be submitted to the development team using the + send-pr(1) command on + a FreeBSD system or by sending an email message to freebsd-bugs@FreeBSD.ORG. + Please note that send-pr is preferred + since messages sent to the mailing list are not tracked as + official problem reports! - -

    CVS Repository

    + + +

    CVS Repository

    + +

    CVS (the + Concurrent Version System) is the tool we use for keeping our sources + under control. Every change (with accompanying log message explaining + its purpose) from FreeBSD 2.0 to the present is stored here, and can be + easily viewed from here (click on the link). To obtain a complete copy + of the FreeBSD CVS repository or any of the development branches inside + it, you may choose any one of following options: -

    CVS - (the Concurrent Version System) is the tool we use for - keeping our sources under control. Every change (with - accompanying log message explaining its purpose) from - FreeBSD 2.0 to the present is stored here, and can be - easily viewed from here (click on the link). To obtain a - complete copy of the FreeBSD CVS repository or any of the - development branches inside it, you may choose any one of - following options: - -

      -
    • cvsup - if you're looking for on-demand, low overhead access - using a custom utility (written in Modula-3 no less).
      • +
        +
      • cvsup if you're looking + for on-demand, low overhead access using a custom utility (written in + Modula-3 no less).
      • anoncvs - if you're looking - for on-demand access that has higher overhead than cvsup (in - terms of wall time and bytes xferred) but is easier to use for checking - out small pieces of the tree and requires nothing more than the - cvs tools already bundled with FreeBSD.
        • + if you're looking for on-demand access that has higher overhead than + cvsup (in terms of wall time and bytes xferred) but is easier to use + for checking out small pieces of the tree and requires nothing more + than the cvs tools already bundled with FreeBSD. -
      • CTM if you're looking for very - low overhead, batch-mode access (basically, patches through email) - access.
        • +
      • CTM if you're looking for + very low overhead, batch-mode access (basically, patches through + email) access.
      • The web interface - if you're looking to simply browse the repository in search of a specific - change or file revision.
        • + if you're looking to simply browse the repository in search of a + specific change or file revision.
      • Finally, if you've got bandwidth to burn or you prefer / are forced - to use FTP, you can simply mirror the CVS repository from ftp.freebsd.org. + to use FTP, you can simply mirror the CVS repository from ftp.freebsd.org.
        • -
      +
    -

    Mirrors of the CVS Repository cgi script are available in - California, - Germany, - - Japan and Spain - (English, - Spanish). -

    - - - -

    User Groups

    - -

    FreeBSD's widespread popularity has spawned a number of user - groups around the world. If you know of a FreeBSD user group - not listed here, let us know - about it.

    +

    Mirrors of the CVS Repository cgi script are available in California, Germany, + Japan and Spain (English, Spanish).

    + + +

    User Groups

    + +

    FreeBSD's widespread popularity has spawned a number of user groups + around the world. If you know of a FreeBSD user group not listed here, + let us know about it.

    +

    Australia

    - -

    Europe

    + +
      +
    • Denmark The Danish *BSD user group, BSD/DK, is being created. + Send mail subscription request to bsd-dk-request@hotel.prosa.dk. + No initial meeting planned yet. + +

      • + +
    • Duisburg, Germany The Cosmo-Project is a user + group with a difference. Instead of just meeting, they actively + develop projects such as robots. Most users use FreeBSD, but it isn't + a specifically FreeBSD-related group. -
      • Denmark The Danish *BSD user group, BSD/DK, is being created. Send - mail subscription request to bsd-dk-request@hotel.prosa.dk. No initial meeting planned yet.

        • -
      • Duisburg, Germany The Cosmo-Project is a user group - with a difference. Instead of just meeting, they actively develop - projects such as robots. Most users use FreeBSD, but it isn't a - specifically FreeBSD-related group.

        • - -
      • Hamburg, Germany The BSDHH (BSD User Group - Hamburg) meets on the first Wednesday of the month at 7.00pm in the - Chinese restaurant Lotosblüte, Löwenstraße 22 in +
      • Hamburg, Germany The BSDHH (BSD User + Group Hamburg) meets on the first Wednesday of the month at 7.00pm in + the Chinese restaurant Lotosblüte, Löwenstraße 22 in Hamburg-Eppendorf. Most members are FreeBSD users, although users of - all BSD flavors are welcome.

        • + all BSD flavors are welcome. -
      • United Kingdom The FreeBSD UKUG (FreeBSD UK User's - Group) exists for the benefit of FreeBSD users in the United Kingdom. - Please follow the link for details.

        • -
      +

      • + +
    • United Kingdom The FreeBSD UKUG (FreeBSD UK + User's Group) exists for the benefit of FreeBSD users in the United + Kingdom. Please follow the link for details. + +

      • +

    North America

    -
      -
    • Chicago IL The Chicago FreeBSD Users - Group (ChiFUG).

      • +
        +
      • Chicago IL The Chicago FreeBSD + Users Group (ChiFUG). -
      • The Connecticut Free Unix user's - Group (CFUG) is devoted to free unix, but has resources - for almost all Unixen. Their area of operation is Connecticut - and Western Massachusetts. More information can be found at - http://www.cfug.org.

        • - -
      • The Houston TX (Houston FreeBSD - Users Group) formed March 1999. Our goal is to promote and - educate Houston computer users on FreeBSD Unix. We meet on - the fourth Thursday of the month. The group operates a - mailing list at - http://www.houfug.org/mailman/listinfo/hou-freebsd Contact - Ingrid Kast Fuller for more information.

        • - -
      • Kansas KULUA - (Kansas Unix & Linux Users Association) is a Free Unix user group based - in Lawrence, Kansas, but with users throughout eastern Kansas and - western Missouri. We have about 120 members and meet biweekly. Visit - the web site or email kulua@kulua.org for more - information.

        • - -
      • Los Angeles CA The Yahoo Club - group is a foundation for a Los Angeles based BSD user group.

        • -
      • New Mexico FUUNM (Free Unix Users of New +
      • The Connecticut Free Unix user's Group + (CFUG) is devoted to free unix, but has resources for almost all + Unixen. Their area of operation is Connecticut and Western + Massachusetts. More information can be found at http://www.cfug.org. + +

        • + +
      • The Houston TX (Houston FreeBSD Users Group) + formed March 1999. Our goal is to promote and educate Houston + computer users on FreeBSD Unix. We meet on the fourth Thursday of the + month. The group operates a mailing list at http://www.houfug.org/mailman/listinfo/hou-freebsd + Contact Ingrid Kast Fuller for more information. + +

        • + +
      • Kansas KULUA (Kansas Unix & Linux Users + Association) is a Free Unix user group based in Lawrence, Kansas, but + with users throughout eastern Kansas and western Missouri. We have + about 120 members and meet biweekly. Visit the web site or email kulua@kulua.org for more + information. + +

        • + +
      • Los Angeles CA The Yahoo + Club group is a foundation for a Los Angeles based BSD user + group. + +

        • + +
      • New Mexico FUUNM (Free Unix Users of New Mexico) meets on the 2nd Saturday of the month from 4:30-6:00pm at the - Farris Engineering Center, room 141, University of new Mexico. This is - not specifically a FreeBSD user group, but if you are in the area, your - presence is welcome. The group operates a mailing list (fuunm@astro.phys.unm.edu). - Contact Alan Lundin for more - information.

        • + Farris Engineering Center, room 141, University of new Mexico. This + is not specifically a FreeBSD user group, but if you are in the area, + your presence is welcome. The group operates a mailing list (fuunm@astro.phys.unm.edu). + Contact Alan Lundin for + more information. -
      • New York NY D'Artagnan's FreeBSD Users - Group.

        • +

        -
      • New York NY FUNY (FreeBSD Users of New York) had - its inaugural meeting in February 1999. It is based in NYC - and serves the surrounding metropolitan area.

        • +
      • New York NY D'Artagnan's FreeBSD + Users Group. -
      • Northern Arizona Yavapai Free Unix Users +

        • + +
      • New York NY FUNY (FreeBSD Users of New York) had its + inaugural meeting in February 1999. It is based in NYC and serves the + surrounding metropolitan area. + +

        • + +
      • Northern Arizona Yavapai Free Unix Users Group is now forming for *BSD/Linux, etc., users in Northern Arizona. Please contact Russell Carter ( - rcarter@consys.com) for details.

        • + rcarter@consys.com) for details. -
      • Orlando, FL BUGO (BSD Users - Group of Orlando) is a group based in Orlando, FL that aims to - bring a friendly forum to all UNIX users in the central - Florida area, and hopefully beyond. See the BUGO web page for further - details.

        • - -
      • Phoenix AZ The Phoenix BSD Users - group is fully open for business. Anyone from the Phoenix - area please feel free to join in http://bsd.phoenix.az.us.

        • -
      • Portland, OR The Portland - (Oregon) FreeBSD Users group meets on the third Thursday of - each month. Mail Rick - Hamell.

        • +
      • Orlando, FL BUGO (BSD Users Group of + Orlando) is a group based in Orlando, FL that aims to bring a + friendly forum to all UNIX users in the central Florida area, + and hopefully beyond. See the BUGO web + page for further details. -
      • Reno NV RUUG (Reno Unix Users Group) meets +

        • + +
      • Phoenix AZ The Phoenix BSD Users group is + fully open for business. Anyone from the Phoenix area please feel + free to join in http://bsd.phoenix.az.us. + +

        • + +
      • Portland, OR The Portland (Oregon) FreeBSD + Users group meets on the third Thursday of each month. Mail Rick Hamell. + +

        • + +
      • Reno NV RUUG (Reno Unix Users Group) meets monthly in Reno Nevada and discusses the use of FreeBSD and Linux. Contact Eric Blood or Todd Crenshaw for more - information.

        • + href="mailto:todd@crenshaw.reno.nv.us">Todd Crenshaw for more + information. -
      • Rhode Island The Rhode Island Free Unix - Group supports every form of UNIX that can be obtained freely. They can - be contacted at: http://users.tmok.com/~rifug or - by e-mail at: - rifug@entropy.tmok.com

        • +

        -
      • San Francisco Bay Area BAFUG (Bay Area FreeBSD Users Group) - meets semi-monthly at Silicon Reef. - Those interested in attending should visit the web site or send mail to - the mailing list

        • +
      • Rhode Island The Rhode Island Free Unix + Group supports every form of UNIX that can be obtained freely. They + can be contacted at: http://users.tmok.com/~rifug + or by e-mail at: rifug@entropy.tmok.com -
      • Seattle WA The Seattle FreeBSD Users Group (SeaFUG) - meets on a monthly basis. Those interested in attending should vist the - web site or contact Bill Swingle - for more info.

        • +

        -
      • The Tampa Florida users group is - now being formed. Interested parties can join the mailing list - by sending mail to bsd-tug-request@bangheadhere.org - with subscribe in the body. The first meeting was - planned for mid May 1999.

        • +
      • San Francisco Bay Area BAFUG (Bay Area FreeBSD Users + Group) meets semi-monthly at Silicon + Reef. Those interested in attending should visit the web site + or send mail to the mailing + list -
      • Greater Toronto Area, Ontario: - GTAFUG, a new group with - majordomo mailing list and regular meetings - planned.

        • +

        -
      • Tucson AZ TFUG: Tucson Free Unix Group, - Arizona.

        • +
      • Seattle WA The Seattle FreeBSD Users Group + (SeaFUG) meets on a monthly basis. Those interested in attending + should vist the web site or contact Bill Swingle for more + info. -
      • Washington DC (DC Metropolitan Area) FreeBSD - User Group is now forming. Please contact Richard Cramer, Sytex Access - Ltd. at 703-425-2515, or preferred, email at rcramer@sytex.net to be put on a - member distribution list. Initial meeting to be held in May.

        • +

        -
      • Wichita, Kansas: +
      • The Tampa Florida users group is now being + formed. Interested parties can join the mailing list by sending mail + to bsd-tug-request@bangheadhere.org + with subscribe in the body. The first meeting was planned + for mid May 1999. - A new FreeBSD user's group has been created in Wichita, Ks. - We are fairly new and working on our site, but I wanted to get - it up as soon as we had it availble. We do not currently - meet. Visit our site http://wafug.dynip.com or - E-mail the group organizer (ben177@yahoo.com) for more +

        • + +
      • Greater Toronto Area, Ontario: GTAFUG, a new group with majordomo + mailing list and regular meetings planned. + +

        • + +
      • Tucson AZ TFUG: Tucson Free Unix Group, + Arizona. + +

        • + +
      • Washington DC (DC Metropolitan Area) + FreeBSD User Group is now forming. Please contact Richard Cramer, + Sytex Access Ltd. at 703-425-2515, or preferred, email at rcramer@sytex.net to be put on a + member distribution list. Initial meeting to be held in May. + +

        • + +
      • Wichita, Kansas: A new FreeBSD user's + group has been created in Wichita, Ks. We are fairly new and working + on our site, but I wanted to get it up as soon as we had it availble. + We do not currently meet. Visit our site http://wafug.dynip.com or E-mail + the group organizer (ben177@yahoo.com) for more information! +

        • - -
      • Windsor, Ontario The Windsor Unix Users Group - (Windsor, Ontario, Canada) is now forming for *BSD, Solaris, SCO, etc. - This is not specifically a FreeBSD user group, but we do already have - members running FreeBSD. The group operates a mailing list - (wuug-list@unixpower.org). More information can be found by going to - the web site for WUUG, which is located at http://unix.windsor.on.ca/ +
      • Windsor, Ontario The Windsor Unix Users + Group (Windsor, Ontario, Canada) is now forming for *BSD, Solaris, + SCO, etc. This is not specifically a FreeBSD user group, but we do + already have members running FreeBSD. The group operates a mailing + list (wuug-list@unixpower.org). More information can be found by + going to the web site for WUUG, which is located at http://unix.windsor.on.ca/ +

        • -
      • Wisconsin FreeBSD-Milwaukee Wisconsin - meets occasionally and has a mailing list: freebsd-mke-l@ns.sol.net. send - mail to freebsd-mke-l-request@ns.sol.net - to subscribe.

        • +
      • Wisconsin FreeBSD-Milwaukee + Wisconsin meets occasionally and has a mailing list: freebsd-mke-l@ns.sol.net. + send mail to freebsd-mke-l-request@ns.sol.net + to subscribe. + +

      -

      Rest of the world

      +

      Rest of the world

      + +
        +
      • Israel The Israeli BSD Users Group is an + effort to promote the use of *BSD throught the country, and to act as + a center of information for all BSD users. It is currently run by + FreeBSD users, but all users of bsd Variants are welcome aboard. We + have a mailing list, hosted at bsd-il@osem.co.il. To + subscribe, simply send mail to majordomo@osem.co.il, with + the line "subscribe bsd-il" as the message body. -
          -
        • Israel The Israeli BSD Users Group is an - effort to promote the use of *BSD throught the country, and to act as a - center of information for all BSD users. It is currently run by FreeBSD - users, but all users of bsd Variants are welcome aboard. We have a - mailing list, hosted at bsd-il@osem.co.il. To subscribe, - simply send mail to majordomo@osem.co.il, with the - line "subscribe bsd-il" as the message body.

          • +

          + +
        • New Zealand The New Zealand FreeBSD User's + group is located in Wellington. No meetings have been scheduled + yet. -
        • New Zealand The New Zealand FreeBSD User's - group is located in Wellington. No meetings have been scheduled - yet.

          • +

          +
        + + + +

        FreeBSD Development Projects

        + +

        In addition to the mainstream development path of FreeBSD, a number of + developer groups are working on the cutting edge to expand FreeBSD's + range of applications in new directions. -

      - - -

      FreeBSD Development Projects

      - -

      In addition to the mainstream development path of FreeBSD, a number -of developer groups are working on the cutting edge to expand -FreeBSD's range of applications in new directions. - - -

      - FreeBSD Security Guide

      +

      FreeBSD Security + Guide

      Security resources available to FreeBSD users: PGP Key for Security Officers, advisories, patches and mailing lists. - +

      Commercial Consulting Services

      - + Whether you are just starting out with FreeBSD, or need to complete a large project, a consultant or two might be your answer. +

      + + -

      General UNIX Information

      - + + + -

      The X Window System

      - +
        -
      • The XFree86 - Project provides users of a variety of Intel based - Unix systems, including FreeBSD, with an excellent X - Window system.
        • +
      • The XFree86 Project provides + users of a variety of Intel based Unix systems, including FreeBSD, + with an excellent X Window system.
        • -
      • The WINE project - is working to provide the ability to - run MS-Windows software on Intel based Unix systems such - as FreeBSD, NetBSD and Linux. +
      • The WINE project is working to + provide the ability to run MS-Windows software on Intel based Unix + systems such as FreeBSD, NetBSD and Linux.
      + + + +

      Hardware

      - -

      Hardware

        -
      • The comp.answers pc-hardware-faq is a great - reference for people building their own machines.
        • +
      • The comp.answers pc-hardware-faq + is a great reference for people building their own machines.
      • Laptop users looking for PCCARD (aka PCMCIA) support not already - provided in the FreeBSD base distribution should see the - PAO distribution - page for the latest and greatest experimental laptop support.
        • + provided in the FreeBSD base distribution should see the PAO distribution page for + the latest and greatest experimental laptop support. -
      • Intel Secrets -- What - Intel Doesn't Want You To Know - lots of information - about Intel chips.
        • +
      • Intel Secrets -- What Intel Doesn't + Want You To Know - lots of information about Intel chips.
        • -
      • Aad - Offerman's Chip List - reference material on chips - used in PC clones.
        • +
      • Aad + Offerman's Chip List - reference material on chips used in PC + clones.
        • -
      • ASUS makes - motherboards that work well with FreeBSD.
        • +
      • ASUS makes motherboards that + work well with FreeBSD.
      • The FreeBSD hardware guide makes some specific recommendations for hardware that's known to work well with FreeBSD.
        • -
      +
    + + -

    Related Operating System Projects

    +
      +
    • NetBSD is + another free 4.4BSD-Lite based operating system which runs on several + different architectures.
      • -
    • NetBSD - is another free 4.4BSD-Lite based operating system which - runs on several different architectures.
      • - -
    • OpenBSD +
    • OpenBSD is another 4.4BSD derivative.
      • - +
    • Linux is another free Unix-like system.
      • + +
    • Lites + is a 4.4 BSD Lite based server and emulation library that provides + free unix functionality to a Mach based system.
      • -
    • Lites - is a 4.4 BSD Lite based server and emulation library that - provides free unix functionality to a Mach based - system.
      • - -
    • The GNU - HURD project is another effort to develop a free - Unix-like operating system.
      • +
    • The GNU + HURD project is another effort to develop a free + Unix-like operating system.
    -&footer; - + &footer; + + -&header; + &header; - -

    Release Information

    + + +

    Release Information

    + +

    Detailed descriptions of past, present, and future releases. Look here + first to determine what the latest version of FreeBSD is.

    + + + +

    Installing FreeBSD

    + +

    There are many options for installing FreeBSD, including installation + from CDROM, floppy disk, an MS-DOS partition, magnetic tape, anonymous + ftp, and NFS. Please read through the installation guide before downloading + the entire FreeBSD distribution. If you are installing on a machine + connected to the Internet, you may only need to download a single + installation disk image!

    -

    Detailed descriptions of past, present, and future releases. Look here -first to determine what the latest version of FreeBSD is.

    - - -

    Installing FreeBSD

    - -

    There are many options for installing FreeBSD, including - installation from CDROM, floppy disk, an MS-DOS partition, - magnetic tape, anonymous ftp, and NFS. Please read through - the installation guide - before downloading the entire FreeBSD distribution. If you - are installing on a machine connected to the Internet, you - may only need to download a single installation disk image!

    - - -

    Distribution Sites

    - -

    The official sources for FreeBSD are: -

      + + +

      Distribution Sites

      + +

      The official sources for FreeBSD are: + +

      - -

      If you plan on getting FreeBSD via ftp, please check the - listing of mirror - sites in the handbook to see if there is a site closer - to you. For more information about past, present and - future releases in general, please visit the release information page. - + +

      If you plan on getting FreeBSD via ftp, please check the listing of mirror sites in the + handbook to see if there is a site closer to you. For more information + about past, present and future releases in general, please visit the release information page. +

      If you're interesting in a purely experimental snapshot - release of FreeBSD-current (AKA 4.0-current), aimed at developers - and bleeding-edge testers only, then please see the - daily snapshot - server FTP site. This site also contains daily snapshots of - the 2.2-stable branch.

      - - -

      Applications and Utility Software

      + release of FreeBSD-current (AKA 4.0-current), aimed at developers and + bleeding-edge testers only, then please see the daily snapshot + server FTP site. This site also contains daily snapshots of the + 2.2-stable branch.

      + + +

      Applications and Utility Software

      +

      The Packages collection

      - -

      The FreeBSD packages are a diverse collection of utility - and application software that has been ported to FreeBSD. - The packages are pre-compiled binaries ready to drop into - your system and run.

      + +

      The FreeBSD packages are a diverse collection of utility and + application software that has been ported to FreeBSD. The packages are + pre-compiled binaries ready to drop into your system and run.

      -

      The Ports collection

      - -

      The Ports collection is like the packages collection but - instead of compiled binaries, the necessary patches and - makefiles to compile the source code are provided. For - software with important configuration that must be done at - compile time, the "port" version may be more useful than - the "package" version.

      +

      The Ports collection

      + +

      The Ports collection is like the packages collection but instead of + compiled binaries, the necessary patches and makefiles to compile the + source code are provided. For software with important configuration + that must be done at compile time, the "port" version may be more useful + than the "package" version.

      + +

      For information about how you can contribute your + favorite piece of software to the port collection, have a look at Porting applications and + Contributing to FreeBSD in + the FreeBSD handbook. -

      For information about how you can contribute - your favorite piece of software to the port - collection, have a look at Porting - applications and Contributing to - FreeBSD in the FreeBSD handbook. +

      Commercial software

      -

      Commercial software

      - -

      Beginning with FreeBSD Release - 2.0.5, FreeBSD includes demo versions of some - commercial as well as some shareware products. In - addition to the demos available in the FreeBSD - distribution, a number of other commercial vendors offer - software products specifically for FreeBSD.

      +

      Beginning with FreeBSD Release 2.0.5, FreeBSD + includes demo versions of some commercial as well as some shareware + products. In addition to the demos available in the FreeBSD + distribution, a number of other commercial vendors offer software + products specifically for FreeBSD.

      - -&footer; - + + &footer; + + -&header; - + &header; +

      As management understanding of the Year 2000 problem (aka, "The Millennium Bug") increases, more and more companies are demanding - official statements from the vendors of their hardware and software - as to how their product will handle the year 2000 date rollover.

      + official statements from the vendors of their hardware and software as + to how their product will handle the year 2000 date rollover.

      -

      Organizations that use unix and unix like operating systems - such as FreeBSD are already one step ahead of the problem. FreeBSD - will properly maintain time long after year 2000 passes.

      - -

      Background information

      +

      Organizations that use unix and unix like operating systems such as + FreeBSD are already one step ahead of the problem. FreeBSD will + properly maintain time long after year 2000 passes.

      +

      Background information

      +

      (This section based on the text from the Linux Y2K compliance page)

      As with all Unix and Unixlike operating systems, time and dates in FreeBSD are represented internally as the number of seconds since the - 1st of January 1970 (the Unix "epoch"). Currently, that figure is stored - as a 32 bit integer, and will run out part way through 2038. By then we - should (hopefully) be using a counter of 64 bits (or greater) which - should be good until the end of the universe.

      + 1st of January 1970 (the Unix "epoch"). Currently, that figure is + stored as a 32 bit integer, and will run out part way through 2038. By + then we should (hopefully) be using a counter of 64 bits (or greater) + which should be good until the end of the universe.

      -

      Note that the OS being Y2K compliant will not fix errant - applications that are not Y2K compliant.

      +

      Note that the OS being Y2K compliant will not fix errant applications + that are not Y2K compliant.

      Note also that the OS expects to read the current date and time from - the CMOS clock of your computer. Not all of these devices correctly - handle the year 2000. You are advised to test each platform individually - to ensure that your hardware clock behaves correctly when going from - 1999 to 2000, and that it correctly interprets the year 2000 as a leap - year.

      + the CMOS clock of your computer. Not all of these devices correctly + handle the year 2000. You are advised to test each platform + individually to ensure that your hardware clock behaves correctly when + going from 1999 to 2000, and that it correctly interprets the year 2000 + as a leap year.

      -

      What you can do

      +

      What you can do

      -

      FreeBSD will continue to properly maintain time well into the - next century. Third party applications, however, might not. - Your best defense against year 2000 issues is a good - offense. Listening to stories claiming the coming meltdown of - the world as we know it are not the way to - solve the millennium bug. Nor is waiting until the last - minute. The FreeBSD Project recommends that your organization - apply sound system administration principles as the millennium - approaches.

      +

      FreeBSD will continue to properly maintain time well into the next + century. Third party applications, however, might not. Your best + defense against year 2000 issues is a good offense. Listening to + stories claiming the coming meltdown of the world as we know it are + not the way to solve the millennium bug. Nor is + waiting until the last minute. The FreeBSD Project recommends that your + organization apply sound system administration principles as the + millennium approaches.

      -

      There are tests that you can perform to see how your system will - respond. Set your clock to a few minutes before midnight on New - Year's Eve and watch the system time. Your system should display - the year as 2000 and not 1900. If the year is displayed - incorrectly, then you will have plenty of time to update your - hardware. Operating your organizations information systems under - their normal daily load with the clock set forward can provide - valuable insight into your vulnerablility to year 2000 issues.

      +

      There are tests that you can perform to see how your system will + respond. Set your clock to a few minutes before midnight on New Year's + Eve and watch the system time. Your system should display the year as + 2000 and not 1900. If the year is displayed incorrectly, then you will + have plenty of time to update your hardware. Operating your + organizations information systems under their normal daily load with the + clock set forward can provide valuable insight into your vulnerablility + to year 2000 issues.

      Important: Do not do this on a live @@ -72,142 +71,144 @@

      FreeBSD Year 2000 Statement

      -

      - "After extensive analysis and testing, we believe that FreeBSD is 100% Y2K - compliant. In the unlikely event that something has been overlooked, we - will do our best to fix it as soon as possible." -

      +

      "After extensive analysis and testing, we believe that FreeBSD is + 100% Y2K compliant. In the unlikely event that something has been + overlooked, we will do our best to fix it as soon as possible."

      -

      David Greenman
      Principal Architect, The - FreeBSD project

      +

      David Greenman
      Principal Architect, The FreeBSD + project

      Fixed problems

      The following Y2K problems have been identified and fixed in FreeBSD.

      - +
      misc/1380
      +
      Several programs have a hardcoded 19%d in responses for the year. - Affected programs include: yacc, ftpd, and make. - [Fixed: yacc v1.2 1999/01/18; ftpd v1.7 1996/08/05; - make v1.4 1996/10/06; fixes in FreeBSD-2.2 and above] -
      + Affected programs include: yacc, ftpd, and make. [Fixed: yacc v1.2 + 1999/01/18; ftpd v1.7 1996/08/05; make v1.4 1996/10/06; fixes in + FreeBSD-2.2 and above]
      conf/1382
      +
      The sed script in /etc/rc.local that builds the host/kernel ID line - for the message of the day relies on the year not going past - 1999.[Fixed v1.21 1996/10/24; fixes in FreeBSD-2.2 and above] -
      + for the message of the day relies on the year not going past 1999. + [Fixed v1.21 1996/10/24; fixes in FreeBSD-2.2 and above]
      misc/3465
      +
      The etc/namedb/make-localhost command generates the DNS serial number as YYMMDD. In the year 2000, this will be generated as - 1YYMMDD.[Fixed v1.2 1997/08/11; fixes in FreeBSD-2.2.5 and above] -
      + 1YYMMDD. [Fixed v1.2 1997/08/11; fixes in FreeBSD-2.2.5 and + above]
      gnu/4930 and - gnu/8321
      + gnu/8321 +
      groff tmac macros have hardcoded 19 for generating some dates. - [Fixed: tmac.e v1.3 1998/12/06; doc-common v1.10 1999/01/19; fixes in - FreeBSD-3.1 and above] -
      + [Fixed: tmac.e v1.3 1998/12/06; doc-common v1.10 1999/01/19; fixes in + FreeBSD-3.1 and above] -
      bin/9323
      - +
      bin/9323
      +
      In its obsolescent form, touch doesn't treat the two digit year - year specification correctly. Years in the range 00-68 are treated - as 1900-1968 instead of 2000-2068.[Fixed v1.7 1999/01/05; fixes in - FreeBSD-3.1 and above] -
      + year specification correctly. Years in the range 00-68 are treated + as 1900-1968 instead of 2000-2068. [Fixed v1.7 1999/01/05; fixes in + FreeBSD-3.1 and above] -
      xntpd/parse/util/dcfd.c
      -
      The leap year calculations for the number of days in a year, and - the conversion of DCF77 time to seconds since the Epoch were wrong. - These errors affected all years.[Fixed v1.6 1999/01/12; fixes in - FreeBSD-3.1 and above] -
      +
      xntpd/parse/util/dcfd.c
      + +
      The leap year calculations for the number of days in a year, and the + conversion of DCF77 time to seconds since the Epoch were wrong. These + errors affected all years. [Fixed v1.6 1999/01/12; fixes in + FreeBSD-3.1 and above]
      -
      tar/getdate.y
      +
      tar/getdate.y
      +
      Function Convert() was hard-coded for two digit years in range 70-99. Now adjusted to allow two digit years for 1970-2069. The function - does not allow for century non-leap years - y2k1 alert! - [Fixed v1.4 1999/01/12; fixes in FreeBSD-3.1 and above] + does not allow for century non-leap years - y2k1 alert! [Fixed v1.4 + 1999/01/12; fixes in FreeBSD-3.1 and above]
      -
      fetch/http.c
      +
      fetch/http.c
      +
      The HTTP protocol includes an obsolete date format which uses a - two-digit year. Previous versions of fetch would interpret all such + two-digit year. Previous versions of fetch would interpret all such dates in the 1900s; subsequent to this revision, the pivot described in RFC - 2068 is employed, which causes two-digit years to be interpreted - as always belonging to the current century unless they would be - 50 or more years in the future. Since the HTTP servers which - use this obsolete format are no longer widespread, this is not expected - to have a significant impact.[Fixed v1.24 1999/01/15; fixes in - FreeBSD-3.1 and above] -
      + 2068 is employed, which causes two-digit years to be interpreted + as always belonging to the current century unless they would be 50 or + more years in the future. Since the HTTP servers which use this + obsolete format are no longer widespread, this is not expected to have + a significant impact. [Fixed v1.24 1999/01/15; fixes in FreeBSD-3.1 + and above]
      misc/9500
      -
      The `edithook' script in the CVSROOT directory uses a raw tm_year and - will therefore display 01/01/100 for 2000-JAN-01. - [Fixed v1.2 1999/01/17; not relevant to FreeBSD releases] -
      + +
      The `edithook' script in the CVSROOT directory uses a raw tm_year + and will therefore display 01/01/100 for 2000-JAN-01. [Fixed v1.2 + 1999/01/17; not relevant to FreeBSD releases]
      bin/9501
      -
      Several cvs contrib files are not Y2K compliant. - The log.pl and sccs2rcs.csh scripts prepend `19' to the year - resulting in a display of 19100 for 2000. The log_accum.pl - script uses a two digit year in one place and in another - place assumes that the tm_year is year within century rather - than years since 1900. - [Fixed: log.pl v1.2 1999/01/15; sccs2rcs.csh v1.3 1999/01/15; fixes in - FreeBSD-3.1 and above] -
      + +
      Several cvs contrib files are not Y2K compliant. The log.pl and + sccs2rcs.csh scripts prepend `19' to the year resulting in a display + of 19100 for 2000. The log_accum.pl script uses a two digit year in + one place and in another place assumes that the tm_year is year within + century rather than years since 1900. [Fixed: log.pl v1.2 1999/01/15; + sccs2rcs.csh v1.3 1999/01/15; fixes in FreeBSD-3.1 and above]
      bin/9502
      -
      The groff number register `yr' is assigned from a (struct tm).tm_year - and therefore represents the number of years since 1900, not the - year within the century (see definition in troff/input.cc). - [Fixed, now set mod 100, troff/input.cc V1.2 1999/06/03; fixes will be in - FreeBSD-3.3] -
      +
      The groff number register `yr' is assigned from a (struct + tm).tm_year and therefore represents the number of years since 1900, + not the year within the century (see definition in troff/input.cc). + [Fixed, now set mod 100, troff/input.cc V1.2 1999/06/03; fixes will be + in FreeBSD-3.3]
      bin/9503
      -
      PicoBSD's simple_httpd uses a raw tm_year and will therefore - display 01/01/100 for 2000-JAN-01.[Fixed v1.2 1999/01/16; fixes in - FreeBSD-3.1 and above] -
      + +
      PicoBSD's simple_httpd uses a raw tm_year and will therefore display + 01/01/100 for 2000-JAN-01. [Fixed v1.2 1999/01/16; fixes in + FreeBSD-3.1 and above]
      bin/9505
      +
      Adduser uses a raw tm_year and will therefore display 100/01/01 for - 2000-JAN-01.[Fixed v1.42 1999/01/15; fixes in FreeBSD-3.1 and above] -
      + 2000-JAN-01. [Fixed v1.42 1999/01/15; fixes in FreeBSD-3.1 and + above]
      bin/9506
      +
      Cron uses a raw tm_year and will therefore display 100 for 2000. - [Fixed v1.7 1999/01/16; fixes in FreeBSD-3.1 and above] -
      + [Fixed v1.7 1999/01/16; fixes in FreeBSD-3.1 and above]
      bin/9507
      +
      tcpslice(8) uses a raw tm_year and will therefore display - 100y01m01d... for 2000-JAN-01. For compatibility, use a two-digit - year until 2000.[Fixed v1.8 1999/01/20; fixes in FreeBSD-3.1 and above] -
      - + 100y01m01d... for 2000-JAN-01. For compatibility, use a two-digit + year until 2000.[Fixed v1.8 1999/01/20; fixes in FreeBSD-3.1 and + above]

      Problematic applications

      @@ -215,66 +216,62 @@
      ports/7681
      -
      TkDesk 1.0 uses a hardcoded 19 in the file listing window. A - file with a date > 2000 is displayed with a year looking like - "191xx" where xx is the last two numbers of the real date. This - bug has been fixed in version 1.1.[Port updated 1998/10/10; fixes in - FreeBSD-3.0 and above] -
      + +
      TkDesk 1.0 uses a hardcoded 19 in the file listing window. A file + with a date > 2000 is displayed with a year looking like "191xx" + where xx is the last two numbers of the real date. This bug has been + fixed in version 1.1. [Port updated 1998/10/10; fixes in FreeBSD-3.0 + and above]
      -
      ports/9295
      +
      ports/9295
      -
      INN 1.7.2 suffers from 2 Y2K related problems. One occurs when - pulling news (-f option to nntpget) and the other relates to - the Expire header with relative dates past 2000. - [Both INN ports upgraded to INN 2.2 1999/05/02; fixes in FreeBSD-3.2 and - above] -
      +
      INN 1.7.2 suffers from 2 Y2K related problems. One occurs when + pulling news (-f option to nntpget) and the other relates to the + Expire header with relative dates past 2000. [Both INN ports upgraded + to INN 2.2 1999/05/02; fixes in FreeBSD-3.2 and above]
      ports/9298
      -
      Knews suffers from 2 Y2K related problems. One occurs during - the generation of the NNTP NEWGROUPS command. The other occurs - because knews doesn't think that 2000 is a leap year. - Both are fixed in knews-1.0b.1.[Port updated 1999/01/07; fixes in - FreeBSD-3.1 and above] -
      +
      Knews suffers from 2 Y2K related problems. One occurs during the + generation of the NNTP NEWGROUPS command. The other occurs because + knews doesn't think that 2000 is a leap year. Both are fixed in + knews-1.0b.1. [Port updated 1999/01/07; fixes in FreeBSD-3.1 and + above]
      -
      ports/9300
      +
      ports/9300
      -
      Nntp-t5 suffers from a Y2K problem during the generation of - the NEWNEWS command.[Port patched 1999/01/05; fixes in FreeBSD-3.1 and - above] -
      +
      Nntp-t5 suffers from a Y2K problem during the generation of the + NEWNEWS command. [Port patched 1999/01/05; fixes in FreeBSD-3.1 and + above]
      ports/11144
      -
      The tiff port has a hardcoded 19xx. While this is in the - contrib section (for converting Sun rasterfile format to - TIFF), and not installed by default, this should be patched. - [Port patched 1999/04/18, followed by upgrade 1999/05/11; fixes in - FreeBSD-3.2 and above] -
      +
      The tiff port has a hardcoded 19xx. While this is in the contrib + section (for converting Sun rasterfile format to TIFF), and not + installed by default, this should be patched. [Port patched + 1999/04/18, followed by upgrade 1999/05/11; fixes in FreeBSD-3.2 and + above]
      -
      ports/11145
      +
      ports/11145
      -
      The dgs port suffers from the same TIFF related problem - as the tiff port. [contrib routine for converting Sun - rasterfiles to TIFF] [Port patched 1999/04/18; fixes in FreeBSD-3.2 - and above] -
      +
      The dgs port suffers from the same TIFF related problem as the tiff + port. [contrib routine for converting Sun rasterfiles to TIFF] [Port + patched 1999/04/18; fixes in FreeBSD-3.2 and above]

      More information

      - +

      If you have further questions about FreeBSD's year 2000 compliance, or you have discovered an application running under FreeBSD that is not Y2K compliant, please contact the project at freebsd-bugs@FreeBSD.ORG.

      -&footer; - - + &footer; + +