From 69c86ce83e8e717fd531eeda9cf79a397e575690 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Tom Rhodes Date: Mon, 2 Jun 2003 19:20:52 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Remove the manual connection section which I added long ago. This will come back, after some work, as a troubleshooting modem problems/connection problems section. Sponcered by: FreeBSDMall Inc. --- .../books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.sgml | 253 ------------------ 1 file changed, 253 deletions(-) diff --git a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.sgml b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.sgml index 6b1cc27c21..716c042354 100644 --- a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.sgml +++ b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.sgml @@ -246,259 +246,6 @@ - - Manual <command>ppp</command> Initialization - - Under normal circumstances, most users will only use one - tun device - (/dev/tun0). References to - tun0 below may be changed to - tunN where N - is any unit number corresponding to your system. - - For FreeBSD installations that do not have &man.devfs.5; enabled (FreeBSD 4.X and earlier), - the existence of the tun0 device should - be verified (this is not necessary if &man.devfs.5; is enabled as device - nodes will be created on demand). - - The easiest way to make sure that the - tun0 device is configured correctly - is to remake the device. To remake the device, do the - following: - - &prompt.root; cd /dev -&prompt.root; sh MAKEDEV tun0 - - If you need 16 tunnel devices in your kernel, you will need - to create them. This can be done by executing the following - commands: - - &prompt.root; cd /dev -&prompt.root; sh MAKEDEV tun15 - - - Check the Modem - If you reconfigured your kernel - then you recall the sio - device. If your modem acts like a standard serial port - then you most likely only need to make the serial device. - You can do this by changing your directory to - /dev and running the MAKEDEV - script like above. Now make the serial devices with -&prompt.root; sh MAKEDEV cuaa0 cuaa1 cuaa2 cuaa3 - which will create the serial devices for your system. - If your modem is on sio1 or - COM2 if you are in DOS, then your - modem device would be /dev/cuaa1. - - - - - - Manual Connections - Connecting to the Internet by manually controlling - ppp is quick, easy, and a great way - to debug a connection or just get information on how your - ISP handles connections. Lets start - PPP from the command line, - note that, in all of our examples we will use example - as the hostname of the machine running PPP. - You start ppp by just typing ppp: - -&prompt.root; ppp - - We have now started ppp. - -ppp ON example> set device /dev/cuaa1 - - We set our modem device, in this case it is - cuaa1. - -ppp ON example> set speed 115200 - - Set the connection speed, in this case we - are using 115,200 kbps. - -ppp ON example> enable dns - - Tell ppp to configure our - resolver and add the nameserver lines to - /etc/resolv.conf. If ppp - cannot determine our hostname, we can set one manually later. - - -ppp ON example> term - - Switch to terminal mode so that we can manually - control the modem. - - -deflink: Entering terminal mode on /dev/cuaa1 -type '~h' for help - -at -OK -atdt123456789 - - Use at to initialize the modem, - then use atdt and the number for your - ISP to begin the dial in process. - -CONNECT - - Confirmation of the connection, if we are going to have - any connection problems, unrelated to hardware, here is where - we will attempt to resolve them. - -ISP Login:myusername - - Here you are prompted for a username, return the - prompt with the username that was provided by the - ISP. - -ISP Pass:mypassword - - This time we are prompted for a password, just - reply with the password that was provided by the - ISP. Just like when logging into - FreeBSD, the password will not echo. - -Shell or PPP:ppp - - Depending on your ISP this prompt - may never appear. Here we are being asked if we wish to - use a shell on the provider, or to start - ppp. In this example, we have chosen - to use ppp as we want an Internet - connection. - -Ppp ON example> - - Notice that in this example the first - has been capitalized. This shows that we have successfully - connected to the ISP. - -PPp ON example> - - We have successfully authenticated with our - ISP and are waiting for the - assigned IP address. - -PPP ON example> - - We have made an agreement on an IP - address and successfully completed our connection. - -PPP ON example>add default HISADDR - - Here we add our default route, we need to do this - before we can talk to the outside world as currently the - only established connection is with the peer. If this - fails due to existing routes you can put a bang character - ! in front of the . - Alternatively, you can set this before making the actual connection - and it will negotiate a new route accordingly. - - If everything went good we should now have an active - connection to the Internet, which could be thrown into - the background using - CTRL z - If you notice the PPP return to - ppp then we have lost our connection. - This is good to know because it shows our connection status. - Capital P's show that we have a connection to the - ISP and lowercase p's show that the - connection has been lost for whatever reason. - ppp only has these 2 states. - - - - Troubleshooting Manual Connections - Like everything else, once in awhile a problem or - may occur. PPP is no - exemption to this theory. If ppp - would happen to stop responding there are some things - we can try. - - If you have a direct line and cannot seem to make a - connection, then turn hardware flow CTS/RTS - to off with the . This is - mainly the case if you are connected to some - PPP capable terminal servers, - where PPP hangs when it tries - to write data to your communication link, so it - would be waiting for a CTS, or Clear - To Send signal which may never come. If you use this - option however, you should also use the - option, which may be required to defeat hardware dependent on - passing certain characters from end to end, most of the time - XON/XOFF. See the &man.ppp.8; manual page for more information - on this option, and how it is used. - - If you have an older modem, you may need to use the - . Parity is set at none - be default, but is used for error checking (with a large - increase in traffic) on older modems and some - ISPs. You may need this option for - the Compuserve ISP. - - PPP may not return to the - command mode, which is usually a negotiation error where - the ISP is waiting for your side to start - negotiating. At this point, using the ~p - command will force ppp to start sending the configuration - information. - - If you never obtain a login prompt, then most likely you - need to use PAP or CHAP - authentication instead of the Unix-style in the example above. To - use PAP or CHAP just add the - following options to PPP before going - into terminal mode: - -ppp ON example> set authname myusername - - Where myusername should be replaced with - the username that was assigned by the ISP. - -ppp ON example> set authkey mypassword - - Where mypassword should be replaced with - the password that was assigned by the ISP. - - If you connect fine, but cannot seem to find any domain name, try to - use &man.ping.8; with an IP address and see if you - can get any return information. If you experience 100 percent (100%) - packet loss, then its most likely that you were not assigned a default - route. Double check that the option - was set during the connection. If you can connect to a remote - IP address then it is possible that a resolver address - has not been added to the /etc/resolv.conf. This - file should look like: - - domain example.com -nameserver x.x.x.x -nameserver y.y.y.y - - Where x.x.x.x and - y.y.y.y should be replaced with the - IP address of your ISP's DNS servers. - This information may or may not have been provided when you signed up, but - a quick call to your ISP should remedy that. - - You could also have &man.syslog.3; provide a logging function - for your PPP connection. Just add: - - - !ppp - *.* /var/log/ppp.log - - to /etc/syslog.conf. In most cases, this - functionality already exists. - - - - Automatic <application>PPP</application> Configuration