Add a new section: "USB Storage Devices" which covers the
configuration of FreeBSD to use USB thumbdrives, hard drives, etc. Some parts of that section come from an article I wrote for www.bsdnews.org, many persons found that article useful and asked me to add the same informations in the Handbook.
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Marc Fonvieille
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@ -726,6 +726,138 @@ ar0: ATA RAID1 subdisks: ad4 ad6 status: REBUILDING 0% completed</screen>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="usb-disks">
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<sect1info>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<firstname>Marc</firstname>
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<surname>Fonvieille</surname>
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<contrib>Contributed by </contrib>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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<!-- Jul 2004 -->
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</sect1info>
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<title>USB Storage Devices</title>
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<indexterm>
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<primary>USB</primary>
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<secondary>disks</secondary>
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</indexterm>
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<para>A lot of external storage solutions, nowadays, use the
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Universal Serial Bus (USB): hard drives, USB thumbdrives, CD-R
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burners, etc. &os; provides support for these devices.</para>
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<sect2>
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<title>Configuration</title>
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<para>The USB mass storage devices driver, &man.umass.4;,
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provides the support for USB storage devices. If you use the
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<filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel, you do not have to change
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anything in your configuration. If you use a custom kernel,
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be sure that the following lines are present in your kernel
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configuration file:</para>
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<programlisting>device scbus
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device da
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device pass
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device uhci
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device ohci
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device usb
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device umass</programlisting>
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<para>The &man.umass.4; driver uses the SCSI subsystem to access
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to the USB storage devices, your USB device will be seen as a
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SCSI device by the system. Depending on the USB chipset on
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your motherboard, you only need one of both <literal>device
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uhci</literal> and <literal>device ohci</literal>, however
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having both in the kernel configuration file is harmless. Do
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not forget to compile and install the new kernel if you added
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any lines.</para>
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<note>
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<para>If your USB device is a CD-R burner, the SCSI CD-ROM
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driver, &man.cd.4;, must be added to the kernel via the
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line:</para>
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<programlisting>device cd</programlisting>
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<para>Since the burner is seen as a SCSI drive, the driver
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&man.atapicam.4; should not be used in the kernel
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configuration.</para>
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</note>
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<para>Support for USB 2.0 controllers is provided on
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&os; 5.X and since &os; 4.10-RELEASE for the 4.X
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branch. You have to add:</para>
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<programlisting>device ehci</programlisting>
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<para>to your configuration file for the USB 2.0 support. Note
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&man.uhci.4; and &man.ohci.4; drivers are still needed if you
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want USB 1.X support.</para>
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<note>
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<para>On &os; 4.X, the USB daemon (&man.usbd.8;) must be
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running to be able to see some USB devices. To enable it,
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add <literal>usbd_enable="YES"</literal> to your
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<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename> file and reboot the
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machine.</para>
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</note>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Testing the Configuration</title>
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<para>The configuration is ready to be tested: plug in your USB
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device, and in the system message buffer (&man.dmesg.8;), the
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drive should appear as something like:</para>
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<screen>umass0: USB Solid state disk, rev 1.10/1.00, addr 2
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GEOM: create disk da0 dp=0xc2d74850
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da0 at umass-sim0 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
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da0: <Generic Traveling Disk 1.11> Removable Direct Access SCSI-2 device
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da0: 1.000MB/s transfers
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da0: 126MB (258048 512 byte sectors: 64H 32S/T 126C)</screen>
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<para>Of course, the brand, the device node
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(<devicename>da0</devicename>) and other details can differ
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according to your configuration.</para>
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<para>Since the USB device is seen as a SCSI one, the
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<command>camcontrol</command> command can be used to list the
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USB storage devices attached to the system:</para>
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<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>camcontrol devlist</userinput>
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<Generic Traveling Disk 1.11> at scbus0 target 0 lun 0 (da0,pass0)</screen>
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<para>If the drive comes with a file system, you should be able
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to mount it. The <xref linkend="disks-adding"> will help you
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to format and create partitions on the USB drive if
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needed.</para>
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<para>If you unplug the device (the disk must be unmounted
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before), you should see, in the system message buffer,
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something like the following:</para>
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<screen>umass0: at uhub0 port 1 (addr 2) disconnected
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(da0:umass-sim0:0:0:0): lost device
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(da0:umass-sim0:0:0:0): removing device entry
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GEOM: destroy disk da0 dp=0xc2d74850
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umass0: detached</screen>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Further Reading</title>
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<para>Beside the <link linkend="disks-adding">Adding
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Disks</link> and <link linkend="mount-unmount">Mounting and
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Unmounting File Systems</link> sections, reading various
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manual pages may be also useful: &man.umass.4;,
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&man.camcontrol.8;, and &man.usbdevs.8;.</para>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="creating-cds">
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<sect1info>
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<authorgroup>
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