diff --git a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig/chapter.sgml b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig/chapter.sgml index 4d8a00b4e9..ea17837806 100644 --- a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig/chapter.sgml +++ b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig/chapter.sgml @@ -82,12 +82,14 @@ then reboot your computer with the new kernel. Today, &os; is rapidly moving to a model where much of the - kernel's functionality is contained in modules which can be dynamically - loaded and unloaded from the kernel as necessary. This allows the - kernel to adapt to new hardware suddenly becoming available (such as - PCMCIA cards in a laptop), or for new functionality to be brought into - the kernel that was not necessary when the kernel was originally - compiled. This is known as a modular kernel. Colloquially these are called KLDs. + kernel's functionality is contained in modules which can be + dynamically loaded and unloaded from the kernel as necessary. + This allows the kernel to adapt to new hardware suddenly + becoming available (such as PCMCIA cards in a laptop), or for + new functionality to be brought into the kernel that was not + necessary when the kernel was originally compiled. This is + known as a modular kernel. Colloquially these are called + KLDs. Despite this, it is still necessary to carry out some static kernel configuration. In some cases this is because the functionality is so @@ -156,15 +158,18 @@ If there is not a - /usr/src/sys directory on your system, then - the kernel source has not been installed. The easiest way to - do this is by running /stand/sysinstall as - root, choosing Configure, - then Distributions, then - src, then sys. If you - have an aversion to sysinstall and - you have access to an official &os; CDROM, then - you can also install the source from the command line: + /usr/src/sys directory on your system, + then the kernel source has not been installed. The easiest + way to do this is by running + /stand/sysinstall as + root, choosing + Configure, then + Distributions, then + src, then + sys. If you have an aversion to + sysinstall and you have access to + an official &os; CDROM, then you can also + install the source from the command line: &prompt.root; mount /cdrom &prompt.root; mkdir -p /usr/src/sys @@ -388,12 +393,13 @@ - If you have added any new devices (such as sound cards) and you - are running &os; 4.X or previous versions, you - may have to add some device - nodes to your /dev directory before - you can use them. For more information, take a look at Making - Device Nodes section later on in this chapter. + If you have added any new devices (such as sound cards) + and you are running &os; 4.X or previous versions, you + may have to add some device nodes to your + /dev directory before you can use + them. For more information, take a look at Making Device Nodes + section later on in this chapter. @@ -425,11 +431,12 @@ to the purpose or necessity of a line, check first in LINT. - In &os; 5.X and above the LINT is non-existent. - See the NOTES file for architecture dependent options. - Some options, mainly architecture independent ones, are stored in the - /usr/src/sys/conf/NOTES file. It's advisable to review - the options in here also. + In &os; 5.X and above the LINT is + non-existent. See the NOTES file for + architecture dependent options. Some options, mainly + architecture independent ones, are stored in the + /usr/src/sys/conf/NOTES file. It's + advisable to review the options in here also. kernel @@ -486,12 +493,13 @@ cpu I586_CPU cpu I686_CPU - The above option specifies the type of CPU you have in your system. - You may have multiple instances of the CPU line (i.e., you are not - sure whether you should use I586_CPU or - I686_CPU), however, for a custom kernel, it is - best to specify only the CPU you have. If you are unsure of your - CPU type, you can check the /var/run/dmesg.boot file to view your boot + The above option specifies the type of CPU you have in your + system. You may have multiple instances of the CPU line (i.e., + you are not sure whether you should use + I586_CPU or I686_CPU), + however, for a custom kernel, it is best to specify only the CPU + you have. If you are unsure of your CPU type, you can check the + /var/run/dmesg.boot file to view your boot up messages. @@ -693,20 +701,24 @@ options FFS_ROOT #FFS usable as root device [keep this!]options UFS_DIRHASH #Improve performance on big directories - This option includes functionality to speed up disk operations on large - directories, at the expense of using additional memory. You - would normally keep this for a large server, or interactive workstation, - and remove it if you are using &os; on a smaller system where memory - is at a premium and disk access speed is less important, such as a - firewall. + This option includes functionality to speed up disk + operations on large directories, at the expense of using + additional memory. You would normally keep this for a large + server, or interactive workstation, and remove it if you are + using &os; on a smaller system where memory is at a premium and + disk access speed is less important, such as a firewall. options SOFTUPDATES #Enable FFS Soft Updates support - This option enables Soft Updates in the kernel, this will help speed - up write access on the disks. Even when this functionality is provided by the kernel, it must be turned on for specific disks. - Review the output from &man.mount.8; to see - if SoftUpdates is enabled for your system disks. If you do not see the soft-updates option then - you will need to activate it using the &man.tunefs.8; (for existing filesystems) or &man.newfs.8; (for new filesystems) commands. + This option enables Soft Updates in the kernel, this will + help speed up write access on the disks. Even when this + functionality is provided by the kernel, it must be turned on + for specific disks. Review the output from &man.mount.8; to see + if SoftUpdates is enabled for your system disks. If you do not + see the soft-updates option then you will + need to activate it using the &man.tunefs.8; (for existing + filesystems) or &man.newfs.8; (for new filesystems) + commands. options MFS #Memory Filesystem options MD_ROOT #MD is a potential root device @@ -833,9 +845,10 @@ options CD9660_ROOT #CD-ROM usable as root, CD9660 requiredThis option allows you to boot the visual configuration editor from the boot menu. - From &os; versions 5.0 and later, userconfig has been depreciated - in favor of the new &man.device.hints.5; method. For more information - on &man.device.hints.5; please visit + From &os; versions 5.0 and later, userconfig has + been depreciated in favor of the new &man.device.hints.5; + method. For more information on &man.device.hints.5; please + visit options KTRACE #ktrace(1) support @@ -907,8 +920,10 @@ options _KPOSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING device isa All PCs supported by &os; have one of these. If you have an - IBM PS/2 (Micro Channel Architecture), &os; provides some limited support at - this time. For more information about the MCA support, see /usr/src/sys/i386/conf/LINT. + IBM PS/2 (Micro Channel Architecture), &os; provides some + limited support at this time. For more information about the + MCA support, see + /usr/src/sys/i386/conf/LINT. device eisa