diff --git a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/multimedia/chapter.xml b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/multimedia/chapter.xml index 975b514405..42aaee5414 100644 --- a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/multimedia/chapter.xml +++ b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/multimedia/chapter.xml @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ recorded audio, adding sound effects, and controlling attached MIDI devices. - &os; also supports the playback of video files and DVDs. + &os; also supports the playback of video files and DVDs. The &os; Ports Collection contains applications to encode, convert, and playback various video media. @@ -61,12 +61,12 @@ - Play DVDs, .mpg, and + Play DVDs, .mpg, and .avi files. - Rip CD and DVD content into files. + Rip CD and DVD content into files. @@ -713,48 +713,47 @@ MPEG 1.0 layer III, 128 kbit/s, 44100 Hz joint-stereo + + --> Video Playback Before configuring video playback, determine the model - of the video card and the chip it uses. While + and chipset of the video card. While &xorg; supports a wide variety of - video cards, fewer give good playback performance. To obtain + video cards, not all provide good playback performance. To obtain a list of extensions supported by the &xorg; server using the card, run - &man.xdpyinfo.1; while &xorg; is + xdpyinfo while &xorg; is running. It is a good idea to have a short MPEG test file for - evaluating various players and options. Since some DVD - applications look for DVD media in DVD + applications look for DVD media in /dev/dvd by default, or have this - device name hardcoded in them, it might be useful to make - symbolic links to the proper devices: + device name hardcoded in them, it might be useful to make a + symbolic links to the proper device: - &prompt.root; ln -sf /dev/acd0 /dev/dvd -&prompt.root; ln -sf /dev/acd0 /dev/rdvd + &prompt.root; ln -sf /dev/cd0 /dev/dvd Due to the nature of &man.devfs.5;, manually created links - will not persist after a system reboot. In order to create the - symbolic links automatically when the system boots, add the - following lines to /etc/devfs.conf: + will not persist after a system reboot. In order to recreate the + symbolic link automatically when the system boots, add the + following line to /etc/devfs.conf: - link acd0 dvd -link acd0 rdvd + link cd0 dvd - DVD decryption invokes special DVD-ROM functions and - requires write permission on the DVD devices. + DVD decryption invokes certain functions that + require write permission to the DVD device. To enhance the shared memory &xorg; interface, it is @@ -772,7 +771,7 @@ kern.ipc.shmall=32768 DGA There are several possible ways to display video under - &xorg;. What works is largely + &xorg; and what works is largely hardware dependent. Each method described below will have varying quality across different hardware. @@ -786,41 +785,52 @@ kern.ipc.shmall=32768 XVideo: an extension to the - &xorg; interface which supports - video in any drawable object. + &xorg; interface which + allows video to be directly displayed in drawable objects + through a special acceleration. This extension provides + good quality playback even on low-end machines. The next section describes + how to determine if this extension is running. SDL: the Simple Directmedia - Layer. + Layer is a porting layer for many operating systems, + allowing cross-platform applications to be developed which make + efficient use of sound and graphics. SDL provides a + low-level abstraction to the hardware which can sometimes be + more efficient than the &xorg; + interface. On &os;, SDL can be installed using the devel/sdl20 package or port. DGA: the Direct Graphics - Access. + Access is an + &xorg; extension which allows a + program to bypass the &xorg; server + and directly alter the framebuffer. Because it relies on a low + level memory mapping, programs using it must be run as + root. The DGA extension can be tested and + benchmarked using &man.dga.1;. When dga is + running, it changes the colors of the display whenever a key is + pressed. To quit, press q. - SVGAlib: low level console graphics layer. + SVGAlib: a low level console graphics layer. XVideo - &xorg; has an extension called - XVideo, also known as Xvideo, Xv, and xv. - It allows video to be directly displayed in drawable objects - through a special acceleration. This extension provides - good quality playback even on low-end machines. - - To check whether the extension is running, use + To check whether this extension is running, use xvinfo: &prompt.user; xvinfo - XVideo is supported for the card if the result looks - like: + XVideo is supported for the card if the result is similar + to: X-Video Extension version 2.2 screen #0 @@ -895,7 +905,7 @@ kern.ipc.shmall=32768 with every implementation of XVideo and their absence may hinder some players. - If the result looks like: + If the result instead looks like: X-Video Extension version 2.2 screen #0 @@ -903,42 +913,8 @@ no adaptors present XVideo is probably not supported for the card. This means that it will be more difficult for the display to meet the - computational demands of rendering video. Depending on the - video card and processor, one might still be able to have a - satisfying experience. - - - - - Simple Directmedia Layer - - The Simple Directmedia Layer, SDL, is a - porting layer for many operating systems - allowing cross-platform applications to be developed which make - efficient use of sound and graphics. The SDL layer provides a - low-level abstraction to the hardware which can sometimes be - more efficient than the &xorg; - interface. - - SDL can be installed using the devel/sdl12 package or port. - - - - - Direct Graphics Access - - DGA is an - &xorg; extension which allows a - program to bypass the &xorg; server - and directly alter the framebuffer. Because it relies on a low - level memory mapping, programs using it must be run as - root. - - The DGA extension can be tested and - benchmarked using &man.dga.1;. When dga is - running, it changes the colors of the display whenever a key is - pressed. To quit, press q. + computational demands of rendering video, depending on the + video card and processor. @@ -953,101 +929,26 @@ no adaptors present the &os; Ports Collection which can be used for video playback. - Many of the video applications which run on &os; were - developed as &linux; applications. Many of these applications - are still beta-quality. Some of the problems commonly - encountered with video packages on &os; include: - - - - - An application cannot playback a file which another - application produced. - - - - An application cannot playback a file which the - application itself produced. - - - - The same application on two different machines, - rebuilt on each machine for that machine, plays back the - same file differently. - - - - A seemingly trivial filter, like rescaling of the image - size, results in bad artifacts from a buggy rescaling - routine. - - - - An application frequently dumps core. - - - - Documentation is not installed with the port and can be - found either on the web or under the port's work - directory. - - - - - Many applications may also exhibit - &linux;-isms. There may be issues resulting from - the way some standard libraries are implemented in the &linux; - distributions, or some features of the &linux; kernel which have - been assumed by the authors of the applications. These issues - are not always noticed and worked around by the port - maintainers, which can lead to problems like these: - - - - The use of /proc/cpuinfo to detect - processor characteristics. - - - - A misuse of threads which causes a program to hang upon - completion instead of truly terminating. - - - - Relies on software which is not yet available in the - &os; Ports Collection. - - - - MPlayer + <application>MPlayer</application> and <application>MEncoder</application> MPlayer is a command-line video player with an optional graphical interface which aims to - provide speed and flexibility. This application, as well as - other graphical front-ends, is available from the &os; Ports + provide speed and flexibility. Other + graphical front-ends to MPlayer are available from the &os; Ports Collection. - - Building MPlayer + MPlayer - MPlayer - making - - MPlayer is available as a - package or port in multimedia/mplayer. Several + MPlayer can be installed using + the multimedia/mplayer package or port. Several compile options are available and a variety of hardware checks occur during the build process. For these reasons, some users prefer to build the port rather than install the - package. The available options will be displayed in a - menu after these commands are input: + package. - &prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/multimedia/mplayer -&prompt.root; make - - The menu options should be reviewed to determine the + When compiling the port, the menu options should be reviewed to determine the type of support to compile into the port. If an option is not selected, MPlayer will not be able to display that type of video format. Use the arrow @@ -1055,21 +956,13 @@ no adaptors present finished, press Enter to continue the port compile and installation. - By default, this package or port will build the + By default, the package or port will build the mplayer command line utility and the gmplayer graphical utility. To encode - videos, install the multimedia/mencoder port. Due to licensing restrictions, a package is not available for - MEncoder. - - - - - Using MPlayer - - MPlayer - use + MEncoder. The first time MPlayer is run, it will create of the user-specific configuration files. This section describes only a few common uses. Refer - to the mplayer manual page for a complete + to mplayer(1) for a complete description of its numerous options. To play the file testfile.avi, specify the video interfaces with - : + , as seen in the following examples: &prompt.user; mplayer -vo xv testfile.avi @@ -1100,31 +993,31 @@ no adaptors present relative performance depends on many factors and will vary significantly with hardware. - To play a DVD, replace the + To play a DVD, replace testfile.avi with , where N is the title number to play - and DEVICE - is the device node for the DVD-ROM. For example, to play + and DEVICE + is the device node for the DVD. For example, to play title 3 from /dev/dvd: &prompt.root; mplayer -vo xv dvd://3 -dvd-device /dev/dvd - The default DVD device can be defined during the build + The default DVD device can be defined during the build of the MPlayer port by including the WITH_DVD_DEVICE=/path/to/desired/device option. By default, the device is - /dev/acd0. More details can be found + /dev/cd0. More details can be found in the port's Makefile.options. - To stop, pause, advance, and so on, consult the - keybindings, which are displayed by running mplayer - -h, or read the manual page. + To stop, pause, advance, and so on, use a + keybinding. To see the list of keybindings, run mplayer + -h or read mplayer(1). Additional playback options include , which engages fullscreen mode, @@ -1138,38 +1031,28 @@ no adaptors present fs=yes zoom=yes - mplayer can be used to rip a DVD + mplayer can be used to rip a DVD title to a .vob. To dump the second - title from a DVD: + title from a DVD: &prompt.root; mplayer -dumpstream -dumpfile out.vob dvd://2 -dvd-device /dev/dvd The output file, out.vob, will be - MPEG and can be manipulated by the other packages described - in this section. + in MPEG format. - The MPlayer - documentation is technically informative and - should be consulted by anyone wishing to obtain a high level - of expertise with &unix; video. The - MPlayer mailing list is hostile - to anyone who has not bothered to read the documentation, so - before making a bug report, read the documentation - first. - - - - <application>MEncoder</application> + Anyone wishing to obtain a high level + of expertise with &unix; video should consult mplayerhq.hu/DOCS as it is technically informative. + This documentation should be considered as required reading + before submitting any bug reports. mencoder Before using mencoder, it is a good - idea to become familiar with the options described in the + idea to become familiar with the options described at HTML - documentation. There are innumerable ways to + url="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/DOCS/HTML/en/mencoder.html">mplayerhq.hu/DOCS/HTML/en/mencoder.html. There are innumerable ways to improve quality, lower bitrate, and change formats, and some of these options may make the difference between good or bad performance. Improper combinations of command line options @@ -1200,11 +1083,9 @@ zoom=yes input.avi can be replaced with and run as root - to re-encode a DVD title directly. Since it may take a few - tries to get the desired result, it is recommended to dump + to re-encode a DVD title directly. Since it may take a few + tries to get the desired result, it is recommended to instead dump the title to a file and to work on the file. - - @@ -1226,40 +1107,35 @@ zoom=yes to open a specific file. Alternatively, xine may be - invoked to play a file immediately without the graphical - interface: - - &prompt.user; xine - - Alternatively, it may be invoked to play a file - immediately without the GUI with the command: + invoked from the command line + by specifying the name of the file to play: &prompt.user; xine -g -p mymovie.avi - The - xine HOWTO contains a chapter on performance - improvement which is general to all players. + Refer to + xine-project.org/faq for more information and + troubleshooting tips. - The <application>transcode</application> + <title>The <application>Transcode</application> Utilities - transcode provides a suite of + Transcode provides a suite of tools for re-encoding video and audio files. - transcode can be used to merge + Transcode can be used to merge video files or repair broken files using command line tools - with stdin/stdout stream + with stdin/stdout stream interfaces. - transcode can be installed + In &os;, Transcode can be installed using the multimedia/transcode package or port. Many users prefer to compile the port as it provides a menu of compile options for specifying the support and codecs to compile in. If an option is not selected, - transcode will not be able to + Transcode will not be able to encode that format. Use the arrow keys and spacebar to select the required formats. When finished, press Enter to continue the port compile and @@ -1272,18 +1148,17 @@ zoom=yes input.avi -V --export_prof vcd-pal -o output_vcd &prompt.user; mplex -f 1 -o output_vcd.mpg output_vcd.m1v output_vcd.mpa - The resulting MPEG file, + The resulting MPEG file, output_vcd.mpg, is ready to be played with MPlayer. - The file can be burned on a CD-R media to create a Video CD. In - this, install and use the multimedia/vcdimager and sysutils/cdrdao programs. + The file can be burned on a CD media to create a video CD using a utility such as + multimedia/vcdimager or sysutils/cdrdao. In addition to the manual page for - transcode, refer to the transcode - wiki for further information and examples. + transcode, refer to transcoding.org/cgi-bin/transcode for further information and examples.