From 85ea0cccdb5a696731ca1735b2c00bd40b0efe9e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Murray Stokely Date: Mon, 25 Jun 2001 22:05:25 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Add ~78 index terms. --- .../books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.sgml | 108 ++++++++++++++---- 1 file changed, 85 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-) diff --git a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.sgml b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.sgml index 98e7f71b45..79cd2c47d2 100644 --- a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.sgml +++ b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.sgml @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ @@ -12,11 +12,16 @@ Synopsis + PPP + SLIP If you are connecting to the Internet via modem, or wish to provide dial-up connections to the Internet for others using FreeBSD, you have the option of using PPP or SLIP. - + + PPPuser PPP + PPPkernel PPP + PPPover Ethernet This chapter covers three varieties of PPP; user, kernel, and PPPoE (PPP over Ethernet). It also covers @@ -55,6 +60,8 @@ This document assumes you have the following: + ISP + PPP An account with an Internet Service Provider (ISP) which you connect to using PPP. Further, you have a modem or @@ -66,12 +73,18 @@ The dial-up number(s) of your ISP. + PAP + CHAP + Unix + login name + password Your login name and password. This can be either a regular UNIX-style login and password pair, or a PAP or CHAP login and password pair. + name server The IP address(es) of one or more name servers. Normally, you will be given two IP addresses by your ISP to @@ -105,6 +118,7 @@ role="netmask">255.255.255.0. + static IP address If your ISP provides you with a static IP address and hostname, you can enter it. Otherwise, we simply let the @@ -127,6 +141,7 @@ with FreeBSD. However, if you have installed a custom kernel, you must make sure your kernel is configured for ppp. + kernelcompilation To check, go to your kernel compile directory (/sys/i386/conf or /sys/pc98/conf) and examine your @@ -226,6 +241,9 @@ tun0: flags=8010<POINTOPOINT,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 Name Resolution Configuration + resolver + hostname + hosts The resolver is the part of the system that turns IP addresses into hostnames and vice versa. It can be configured to look for maps that describe IP to hostname mappings in one of @@ -309,6 +327,8 @@ nameserver y.y.y.y &man.resolv.conf.5; manual page for details of other possible entries in this file. + PPP + ISP If you are running PPP version 2 or greater, the enable dns command will tell PPP to request that your ISP confirms the nameserver values. If your ISP @@ -321,6 +341,7 @@ nameserver y.y.y.y <application>PPP</application> Configuration + PPPconfiguration Both ppp and pppd (the kernel level implementation of PPP) use the configuration files located in the /usr/share/examples/ppp directory. @@ -337,6 +358,7 @@ nameserver y.y.y.y PPP and Static IP Addresses + PPPwith static IP addresses You will need to create a configuration file called /etc/ppp/ppp.conf. It should look similar to the example below. @@ -397,6 +419,7 @@ nameserver y.y.y.y Line 4: + PPPuser PPP The dial string. User PPP uses an expect-send syntax similar to the &man.chat.8; program. Refer to @@ -448,7 +471,8 @@ protocol: ppp needs. When you write this script for the first time, you should enable chat logging to ensure that the conversation is going as expected. - + PAP + CHAP If you are using PAP or CHAP, there will be no login at this point, so your login string can be left blank. See PAP and CHAP @@ -459,6 +483,7 @@ protocol: ppp Line 8: + timeout Sets the default timeout (in seconds) for the connection. Here, the connection will be closed @@ -469,7 +494,7 @@ protocol: ppp Line 9: - + ISP Sets the interface addresses. The string x.x.x.x should be replaced by @@ -505,7 +530,7 @@ protocol: ppp Line 11: - + nameserver This line tells PPP to ask your ISP to confirm that your nameserver addresses are correct. If your ISP @@ -529,7 +554,8 @@ protocol: ppp PPP and Dynamic IP Addresses - + PPPwith dynamic IP addresses + IPCP If your service provider does not assign static IP addresses, ppp can be configured to negotiate the local and remote addresses. This is done by @@ -638,7 +664,8 @@ protocol: ppp Receiving Incoming Calls - + PPPreceiving + incoming calls When you configure ppp to receive incoming calls on a machine connected to a LAN, you must decide if you wish to forward packets to the LAN. If you @@ -703,6 +730,7 @@ protocol: ppp PPP Shells for Dynamic-IP Users + PPP shells Create a file called /etc/ppp/ppp-shell containing the @@ -750,6 +778,7 @@ exec /usr/sbin/ppp -direct $IDENT PPP shells for Static-IP Users + PPP shells Create the ppp-shell file as above and for each account with statically assigned IPs create a @@ -843,7 +872,10 @@ mary: <command>mgetty</command> and AutoPPP - + mgetty + AutoPPP + LCP + Configuring and compiling mgetty with the AUTO_PPP option enabled allows mgetty to detect the LCP phase of PPP @@ -903,7 +935,9 @@ exec /usr/sbin/ppp -direct pap$IDENT MS extensions - + DNS + NetBIOS + PPPMicrosoft extensions It is possible to configure PPP to supply DNS and NetBIOS nameserver addresses on demand. @@ -932,7 +966,8 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5 PAP and CHAP authentication - + PAP + CHAP Some ISPs set their system up so that the authentication part of your connection is done using either of the PAP or CHAP authentication mechanisms. If this is the case, your ISP @@ -983,7 +1018,7 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5 Line 13: - + password This line specifies your PAP/CHAP password. You will need to insert the correct value for @@ -1028,6 +1063,7 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5 Final system configuration + PPPconfiguration You now have ppp configured, but there are a few more things to do before it is ready to work. They @@ -1066,10 +1102,12 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5 Set the router program to NO with - following line in your /etc/rc.conf: + following line in your + /etc/rc.conf: router_enable="NO" + routed It is important that the routed daemon is not started (it is started by default), as it routed tends to delete the default routing @@ -1084,6 +1122,7 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5 sendmail_flags="-bd" + sendmail The downside of this is that you must force sendmail to re-examine the mail queue whenever the ppp link is up by typing: @@ -1098,6 +1137,7 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5 3 add 0 0 HISADDR 4 !bg sendmail -bd -q30m + SMTP If you don't like this, it is possible to set up a dfilter to block SMTP traffic. Refer to the sample files for further details. @@ -1217,6 +1257,7 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5 Setting up Kernel PPP + PPPkernel PPP Before you start setting up PPP on your machine make sure that pppd is located in @@ -1232,6 +1273,7 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5 modem line. + PPPserver as a server, i.e. your machine is located on the network and used to connect other computers using @@ -1251,7 +1293,8 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5 Using <command>pppd</command> as a client - + PPPclient + Cisco The following /etc/ppp/options might be used to connect to a CISCO terminal server PPP line. @@ -1272,7 +1315,9 @@ defaultroute # put this if you want that PPP server will be your # default router To connect: - + + kermit + modem Dial to the remote host using kermit (or some other modem @@ -1321,6 +1366,7 @@ ifconfig ppp0 delete kermit -y /etc/ppp/kermit.dial pppd /dev/tty01 19200 + kermit /etc/ppp/kermit.dial is a kermit script that dials and makes all necessary authorization on the remote host (an example of such a script is attached to the end of this @@ -1653,6 +1699,8 @@ exit 1 Using <application>PPP</application> over Ethernet (PPPoE) + PPPover Ethernet + PPPoE (see PPP, over Ethernet) Contributed by &a.jim; (from node.to) 10 Jan 2000. @@ -1679,7 +1727,7 @@ exit 1 Kernel Configuration - + kernelconfiguration You will need to set the following options in your kernel configuration file and then compile a new kernel. @@ -1779,10 +1827,12 @@ ppp_profile="default" # or your provider url="http://www.3com.com/">3Com if you think it should comply with the PPPoE specification. + ADSL If you absolutely want to use your ADSL connection with FreeBSD and are stuck with this modem, you can either: + DSL Try replacing the modem with a different brand or model if your DSL provider permits you to do so. If you are not @@ -1973,14 +2023,14 @@ ppp_profile="default" # or your provider Using SLIP - + SLIP Originally contributed by &a.asami; and &a.ghelmer;, with input from &a.wilko; and &a.piero;. Setting up a SLIP Client - + SLIPclient The following is one way to set up a FreeBSD machine for SLIP on a static host network. For dynamic hostname assignments (i.e., your address changes each time you dial up), you probably need to @@ -2062,6 +2112,7 @@ ppp_profile="default" # or your provider ifconfig_sl0="inet ${hostname} slip-gateway netmask 0xffffff00 up" + default router Designate the default router by changing the line: @@ -2083,6 +2134,8 @@ ppp_profile="default" # or your provider nameserver 128.32.136.9 nameserver 128.32.136.12 + name server + domain name As you can see, these set up the nameserver hosts. Of course, the actual domain names and addresses depend on your environment. @@ -2105,7 +2158,7 @@ nameserver 128.32.136.12 Making a SLIP connection - + SLIPconnecting with Dial up, type slip at the prompt, @@ -2233,6 +2286,7 @@ silvia.HIP.Berke localhost.Berkeley UGH 34 47641234 lo0 - 0.438 Setting up a SLIP Server + SLIPserver This document provides suggestions for setting up SLIP Server services on a FreeBSD system, which typically means configuring @@ -2245,7 +2299,7 @@ silvia.HIP.Berke localhost.Berkeley UGH 34 47641234 lo0 - 0.438 Prerequisites - + TCP/IP This document is very technical in nature, so background knowledge is required. It is assumed that you are familiar with the TCP/IP network protocol, and in particular, network and node @@ -2258,6 +2312,7 @@ silvia.HIP.Berke localhost.Berkeley UGH 34 47641234 lo0 - 0.438 0-937175-82-X), or Douglas Comer's books on the TCP/IP protocol. + modem It is further assumed that you have already setup your modem(s) and configured the appropriate system files to allow logins through your modems. If you have not prepared your @@ -2341,7 +2396,7 @@ silvia.HIP.Berke localhost.Berkeley UGH 34 47641234 lo0 - 0.438 Kernel Configuration - + kernelconfiguration FreeBSD's default kernels usually come with two SLIP interfaces defined (sl0 and sl1); you can use netstat @@ -2385,6 +2440,7 @@ sl1* 296 <Link> 0 0 0 0 pseudo-device sl 2 + SLIP This is the line that defines the number of SLIP devices available in the kernel; the number at the end of the line is the maximum number of SLIP connections that may be operating @@ -2485,6 +2541,8 @@ Shelmerg dc-slip sl-helmerg 0xfffffc00 autocompslip.login script included code to make use of the flags). + SLIP + TCP/IP Your choice of local and remote addresses for your SLIP links depends on whether you are going to dedicate a TCP/IP subnet or if you are going to use proxy ARP on @@ -2495,6 +2553,7 @@ Shelmerg dc-slip sl-helmerg 0xfffffc00 autocompslips-prereqs section and/or consult your IP network manager. + gated If you are going to use a separate subnet for your SLIP clients, you will need to allocate the subnet number out of your assigned IP network number and assign each of your SLIP @@ -2506,6 +2565,7 @@ Shelmerg dc-slip sl-helmerg 0xfffffc00 autocomp + Ethernet Otherwise, if you will use the proxy ARP method, you will need to assign your SLIP client's IP addresses out of your SLIP server's Ethernet subnet, and you @@ -2566,6 +2626,7 @@ Shelmerg dc-slip sl-helmerg 0xfffffc00 autocomp + EthernetMAC address When using the example above, be sure to replace the Ethernet MAC address (00:11:22:33:44:55) with the MAC address of @@ -2650,7 +2711,7 @@ Shelmerg dc-slip sl-helmerg 0xfffffc00 autocomp Routing Considerations - + SLIProuting If you are not using the proxy ARP method for routing packets between your SLIP clients and the rest of your network (and perhaps the Internet), you will probably either @@ -2662,7 +2723,7 @@ Shelmerg dc-slip sl-helmerg 0xfffffc00 autocomp Static Routes - + static routes Adding static routes to your nearest default routers can be troublesome (or impossible, if you do not have authority to do so...). If you have a multiple-router network in your @@ -2676,7 +2737,7 @@ Shelmerg dc-slip sl-helmerg 0xfffffc00 autocomp Running <command>gated</command> - + gated An alternative to the headaches of static routes is to install gated on your FreeBSD SLIP server and configure it to use the appropriate routing protocols @@ -2735,6 +2796,7 @@ import proto rip interface ed { all ; } ; + RIP The above sample gated.conf file broadcasts routing information regarding the SLIP subnet xxx.xxx.yy via RIP onto the