diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/books/handbook/mail/chapter.sgml b/zh_TW.Big5/books/handbook/mail/chapter.sgml index 2937d5bacd..2284f09974 100644 --- a/zh_TW.Big5/books/handbook/mail/chapter.sgml +++ b/zh_TW.Big5/books/handbook/mail/chapter.sgml @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ The FreeBSD Documentation Project $FreeBSD$ - Original revision: 1.132 + Original revision: 1.136 --> @@ -30,127 +30,120 @@ 概述 email - Electronic Mail, better known as email, is one of the - most widely used forms of communication today. This chapter provides - a basic introduction to running a mail server on &os;, as well as an - introduction to sending and receiving email using &os;; however, - it is not a complete reference and in fact many important - considerations are omitted. For more complete coverage of the - subject, the reader is referred to the many excellent books listed - in . + 電子郵件或者俗稱的 email， + 乃是現今使用最廣泛的溝通方式之一。 本章主要介紹如何在 &os; 上安裝、 + 設定 email 服務，以及如何在 &os; 收發信件； 然而這並不是完整的參考手冊， + 實際上許多需考量的重要事項並未提及，若欲瞭解細節請參閱 內的參考書籍。 - After reading this chapter, you will know: + 讀完這章，您將了解︰ - What software components are involved in sending and receiving - electronic mail. + 哪些軟體元件與收發電子郵件有關。 - Where basic sendmail configuration - files are located in FreeBSD. + FreeBSD 內的 sendmail + 基本設定檔在哪。 - The difference between remote and - local mailboxes. + 遠端信箱與本機信箱的區別。 - How to block spammers from illegally using your mail server as a - relay. + 如何阻擋 spammer(垃圾郵件製造者)非法運用您的郵件伺服器作為 + relay(轉發中繼點)。 - How to install and configure an alternate Mail Transfer Agent on - your system, replacing sendmail. + 如何安裝、設定其他 Mail Transfer Agent(MTA) 來取代 + sendmail。 - How to troubleshoot common mail server problems. + 如何處理常見的郵件伺服器問題。 - How to use SMTP with UUCP. + 如何使用 UUCP 來進行 SMTP。 - How to set up the system to send mail only. + 如何設定系統，使其只能發送郵件。 - How to use mail with a dialup connection. + 如何在撥接上網環境中，收發郵件。 - How to configure SMTP Authentication for added security. + 如何設定 SMTP 驗證，以加強安全性。 - How to install and use a Mail User Agent, such as - mutt to send and receive email. + 如何安裝、使用 Mail User Agent(MUA) 程式，比如 + mutt 來收發郵件。 - How to download your mail from a remote POP - or IMAP server. + 如何從遠端 POP 或 IMAP + 主機去下載郵件。 - How to automatically apply filters and rules to incoming - email. + 如何在收信方面，自動套用郵件過濾。 - Before reading this chapter, you should: + 在開始閱讀這章之前，您需要︰ - Properly set up your network connection - (). + 先設好你的網路 + ()。 - Properly set up the DNS information for your mail host - (). + 能正確為郵件伺服器設定 DNS + ()。 - Know how to install additional third-party software - (). + 知道如何透過 port/package 安裝軟體 + ()。 - Using Electronic Mail + 使用電子郵件 POP IMAP DNS - There are five major parts involved in an email exchange. They - are: the user program, the server daemon, DNS, a - remote or local mailbox, and of course, the - mailhost itself. + 在 email 交換的過程中有 5 個主要部分，分別是：MUA、MTA、 + DNS、 + 遠端或本機的信箱，當然還有 郵件主機本身 + 。 - The User Program + MUA 程式 - This includes command line programs such as - mutt, - pine, elm, - and mail, and GUI programs such as - balsa, - xfmail to name a few, and something - more sophisticated like a WWW browser. These - programs simply pass off the email transactions to the local - mailhost, either - by calling one of the server - daemons available, or delivering it over TCP. - + 包括一些文字介面的程式，像是 + mutt、 + pine、elm、 + and mail，以及 GUI 介面的程式， + 像是 balsa、 + xfmail 等等。 此外，還有更 + 複雜的 像是 WWW 瀏覽器。 + 這些程式會郵件處理交給 郵件主機，或者透過呼叫 + MTA(若有的話)或者是透過 + TCP 來傳遞郵件。 + Mailhost Server Daemon @@ -1336,17 +1329,7 @@ freefall MX 20 who.cdrom.com via &man.m4.1; preprocessing, where the actual configuration occurs on a higher abstraction level. The &man.m4.1; configuration files can be found under - /usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail/cf. - - If you did not install your system with full sources, the - sendmail configuration set has been broken out into a separate source - distribution tarball. Assuming you have your FreeBSD source code - CDROM mounted, do: - - &prompt.root; cd /cdrom/src -&prompt.root; cat scontrib.?? | tar xzf - -C /usr/src/contrib/sendmail - - This extracts to only a few hundred kilobytes. The file + /usr/share/sendmail/cf. The file README in the cf directory can serve as a basic introduction to &man.m4.1; configuration. @@ -1357,13 +1340,13 @@ freefall MX 20 who.cdrom.com First, you have to create your .mc file. The directory - /usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail/cf/cf contains a + /usr/share/sendmail/cf/cf contains a few examples. Assuming you have named your file foo.mc, all you need to do in order to convert it into a valid sendmail.cf is: - &prompt.root; cd /usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail/cf/cf + &prompt.root; cd /etc/mail &prompt.root; make foo.cf &prompt.root; cp foo.cf /etc/mail/sendmail.cf @@ -1656,26 +1639,38 @@ define(`confDELIVERY_MODE',`deferred')dnl - Install security/cyrus-sasl + Install security/cyrus-sasl2 from the ports. You can find this port in - security/cyrus-sasl. - security/cyrus-sasl has - a number of compile time options to choose from and, for - the method we will be using here, make sure to select the - option. + security/cyrus-sasl2. The + security/cyrus-sasl2 port + supports a number of compile-time options. For the SMTP + Authentication method we will be using here, make sure that + the option is not disabled. - After installing security/cyrus-sasl, - edit /usr/local/lib/sasl/Sendmail.conf + After installing security/cyrus-sasl2, + edit /usr/local/lib/sasl2/Sendmail.conf (or create it if it does not exist) and add the following line: - pwcheck_method: passwd + pwcheck_method: saslauthd + - This method will enable sendmail - to authenticate against your FreeBSD passwd + + Next, install security/cyrus-sasl2-saslauthd, + edit /etc/rc.conf to add the following + line: + + saslauthd_enable="YES" + + and finally start the saslauthd daemon: + + &prompt.root; /usr/local/etc/rc.d/saslauthd start + + This daemon serves as a broker for sendmail to + authenticate against your FreeBSD passwd database. This saves the trouble of creating a new set of usernames and passwords for each user that needs to use SMTP authentication, and keeps the login @@ -1686,14 +1681,14 @@ define(`confDELIVERY_MODE',`deferred')dnl Now edit /etc/make.conf and add the following lines: - SENDMAIL_CFLAGS=-I/usr/local/include/sasl1 -DSASL + SENDMAIL_CFLAGS=-I/usr/local/include/sasl -DSASL SENDMAIL_LDFLAGS=-L/usr/local/lib -SENDMAIL_LDADD=-lsasl +SENDMAIL_LDADD=-lsasl2 These lines will give sendmail the proper configuration options for linking - to cyrus-sasl at compile time. - Make sure that cyrus-sasl + to cyrus-sasl2 at compile time. + Make sure that cyrus-sasl2 has been installed before recompiling sendmail. @@ -1701,11 +1696,12 @@ SENDMAIL_LDADD=-lsasl Recompile sendmail by executing the following commands: - &prompt.root; cd /usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail -&prompt.root; make cleandir -&prompt.root; make obj -&prompt.root; make -&prompt.root; make install + &prompt.root; cd /usr/src/lib/libsmutil +&prompt.root; make cleandir && make obj && make +&prompt.root; cd /usr/src/lib/libsm +&prompt.root; make cleandir && make obj && make +&prompt.root; cd /usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail +&prompt.root; make cleandir && make obj && make && make install The compile of sendmail should not have any problems if /usr/src has not been changed extensively @@ -1721,8 +1717,7 @@ SENDMAIL_LDADD=-lsasl dnl set SASL options TRUST_AUTH_MECH(`GSSAPI DIGEST-MD5 CRAM-MD5 LOGIN')dnl -define(`confAUTH_MECHANISMS', `GSSAPI DIGEST-MD5 CRAM-MD5 LOGIN')dnl -define(`confDEF_AUTH_INFO', `/etc/mail/auth-info')dnl +define(`confAUTH_MECHANISMS', `GSSAPI DIGEST-MD5 CRAM-MD5 LOGIN')dnl These options configure the different methods available to sendmail for authenticating users. @@ -1750,14 +1745,6 @@ define(`confDEF_AUTH_INFO', `/etc/mail/auth-info')dnl sendmail to 13 and watch /var/log/maillog for any errors. - You may wish to add the following line to /etc/rc.conf - so this service will be available after every system boot: - - cyrus_pwcheck_enable="YES" - - This will ensure the initialization of SMTP_AUTH upon system - boot. - For more information, please see the sendmail page regarding @@ -1840,7 +1827,7 @@ define(`confDEF_AUTH_INFO', `/etc/mail/auth-info')dnl that should be displayed. In this example, we will read the first email: - & t 1 + & t 1 Message 1: From root@localhost Mon Mar 8 14:05:52 2004 X-Original-To: marcs@localhost @@ -1870,7 +1857,7 @@ This is a test message, please reply if you receive it. single . on a new line. An example can be seen below: - & R 1 + & R 1 To: root@localhost Subject: Re: test @@ -1887,7 +1874,7 @@ EOT be specified by putting a single . on a new line. - & mail root@localhost + & mail root@localhost Subject: I mastered mail Now I can send and receive email using mail ... :) @@ -1995,7 +1982,11 @@ EOT &man.vi.1; command as an editor for creating and replying to emails. This may be customized by the user by creating or editing their own .muttrc file in their home directory and setting the - editor variable. + editor variable or by setting the + EDITOR environment variable. See + for more + information about configuring + mutt. In order to compose a new mail message, press @@ -2018,6 +2009,7 @@ EOT help, which can be accessed from most of the menus by pressing the ? key. The top line also displays the keyboard shortcuts where appropriate. + @@ -2281,7 +2273,7 @@ user "john", with password "XXXXX", is "myth" here; address of goodmail@example2.com: :0 -* < 1000 +* < 1000 ! goodmail@example2.com Send all mail sent to alternate@example.com