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- reduce the scope of the x11 chapter and remove references for XFree86.

Browse source 
Xorg is the default X server since 5.3 and there is always
  docs.freebsd.org available for users who are interested in
  configuration of XFree86

Approved by: keramida (mentor), trhodes (mentor)
This commit is contained in:
Daniel Gerzo 2006-10-22 22:36:27 +00:00
parent 091c8a240f
commit 8914dae2ab
Notes: svn2git 2020-12-08 03:00:23 +00:00 
svn path=/head/; revision=28913
2 changed files with 33 additions and 150 deletions
en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x11
chapter.sgml
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en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x11/chapter.sgml
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@ -35,17 +35,21 @@
The &xfree86; Project, Inc. As of &os; 5.3-RELEASE, the
default and official flavor of X11 was changed to
<application>&xorg;</application>, the X11 server developed by
the X.Org Foundation.</para>
the X.Org Foundation under a license very similar to the one used
by &os;. Commercial X servers for &os; are also available.</para>
<para>This chapter will cover the installation and configuration
of X11 with emphasis on
<application>&xorg;</application>.</para>
of X11 with emphasis on <application>&xorg;</application>. For
information about configuring <application>&xfree86;</application>
(i.e. on older releases of &os; where
<application>&xfree86;</application> was the default X11
distribution), it is always possible to refer to archived versions
of the &os; Handbook at <ulink
url="http://docs.FreeBSD.org/doc/"></ulink>.</para>
<para>For more information on the video hardware that X11
supports, check either the <ulink
url="http://www.x.org/">&xorg;</ulink> or <ulink
url="http://www.XFree86.org/">&xfree86;</ulink> web
sites.</para>
supports, check the <ulink
url="http://www.x.org/">&xorg;</ulink> web site.</para>
<para>After reading this chapter, you will know:</para>
@ -79,17 +83,6 @@
<listitem><para>Know how to install additional third-party
software (<xref linkend="ports">).</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<note>
<para>This chapter covers the installation and the configuration
of both <application>&xorg;</application> and
<application>&xfree86;</application> X11 servers. For the most
part, configuration files, commands and syntaxes are identical.
In the case where there are differences, both
<application>&xorg;</application> and
<application>&xfree86;</application> syntaxes will be
shown.</para>
</note>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="x-understanding">
@ -159,12 +152,6 @@
run an X server on &microsoft.windows; or Apple's &macos;, and there are
various free and commercial applications available that do exactly
that.</para>
<para>Starting with &os;&nbsp;5.3-RELEASE, the X server that
installs with &os; is <application>&xorg;</application>,
and is available for free, under a
license very similar to the FreeBSD license. Commercial X servers for
FreeBSD are also available.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
@ -315,17 +302,13 @@
<sect1 id="x-install">
<title>Installing X11</title>
<para><application>&xorg;</application> or
<application>&xfree86;</application> may be installed on &os;.
Beginning with &os;&nbsp;5.3-RELEASE,
<application>&xorg;</application> is the default X11
<para><application>&xorg;</application> is the default X11
implementation for &os;. <application>&xorg;</application> is
the X server of the open source X Window System implementation released by the X.Org
Foundation. <application>&xorg;</application> is based on the code of
<application>&xfree86&nbsp;4.4RC2</application> and X11R6.6.
The X.Org Foundation released X11R6.7 in April 2004 and
X11R6.8.2 in February 2005, this latter is the version
currently available in the &os; Ports Collection.</para>
The version of <application>&xorg;</application> currently
available in the &os; Ports Collection is &xorg.version;.</para>
<para>To build and install <application>&xorg;</application> from the
Ports Collection:</para>
@ -339,12 +322,6 @@
available.</para>
</note>
<para>To build and install <application>&xfree86;</application>
from the Ports Collection:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /usr/ports/x11/XFree86-4</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>make install clean</userinput></screen>
<para>Alternatively, X11
can be installed directly from packages.
Binary packages to use with &man.pkg.add.1; tool are also available for
@ -358,11 +335,6 @@
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pkg_add -r xorg</userinput></screen>
<para>The <application>&xfree86;&nbsp;4.X</application> package can be
installed by typing:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pkg_add -r XFree86</userinput></screen>
<note><para>The examples above will install the complete
X11 distribution including the
servers, clients, fonts etc. Separate packages and ports of X11
@ -372,47 +344,6 @@
<para>The rest of this chapter will explain how to configure
X11, and how to set up a productive desktop
environment.</para>
<sect2 id="x-to-xorg">
<title>Moving from <application>&xfree86;</application> to
<application>&xorg;</application></title>
<para>As with any port, you should check the
<filename>/usr/ports/UPDATING</filename> file for changes.
Included in this file are instructions for converting your
system from <application>&xfree86;</application> to
<application>&xorg;</application>.</para>
<para>Use <application>CVSup</application> to update your ports
tree prior to attempting any conversion. You will also need
to install <filename
role="package">sysutils/portupgrade</filename> prior to
converting your X11 installation.</para>
<para>In your <filename>/etc/make.conf</filename> you will need
to add the variable <literal>X_WINDOW_SYSTEM=xorg</literal>.
This ensures that your system knows which X11 is being used.
The older <literal>XFREE86_VERSION</literal> variable has been
deprecated and has been replaced with the
<literal>X_WINDOW_SYSTEM</literal> variable.</para>
<para>Then, use the following commands:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pkg_delete -f /var/db/pkg/imake-4* /var/db/pkg/XFree86-*</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /usr/ports/x11/xorg</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>make install clean</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>pkgdb -F</userinput></screen>
<para>The &man.pkgdb.1; command is part of the
<application>portupgrade</application> software and will
update various package dependencies.</para>
<note>
<para>To build <application>&xorg;</application> in its
entirety, be sure to have at least 4&nbsp;GB of free space
available.</para>
</note>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="x-config">
@ -429,8 +360,6 @@
<title>X11 Configuration</title>
<indexterm><primary>&xfree86;&nbsp;4.X</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>&xfree86;</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>&xorg;</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>X11</primary></indexterm>
@ -467,7 +396,6 @@
resolution and color depth which the system can run at. This is
important to know so the user knows the limitations of the
system.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
@ -481,19 +409,12 @@
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>Xorg -configure</userinput></screen>
<para>In the case of <application>&xfree86;</application>
type:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>XFree86 -configure</userinput></screen>
<para>This will generate an
X11 configuration skeleton file in the
<filename>/root</filename> directory called
<filename>xorg.conf.new</filename> (whether you &man.su.1; or
do a direct login affects the inherited supervisor
<envar>$HOME</envar> directory variable).
For <application>&xfree86;</application>, this configuration
file is called <filename>XF86Config.new</filename>. The
<envar>$HOME</envar> directory variable). The
X11 program will attempt to probe
the graphics hardware on the system and write a
configuration file to load the proper drivers for the detected
@ -507,10 +428,6 @@
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>Xorg -config xorg.conf.new</userinput></screen>
<para><application>&xfree86;</application> users will type:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>XFree86 -xf86config XF86Config.new</userinput></screen>
<para>If a black and grey grid and an X mouse cursor appear,
the configuration was successful. To exit the test, just press
<keycombo action="simul">
@ -525,7 +442,7 @@
<indexterm><primary>X11 tuning</primary></indexterm>
<para>Next, tune the <filename>xorg.conf.new</filename> (or <filename>XF86Config.new</filename> if you are running <application>&xfree86;</application>)
<para>Next, tune the <filename>xorg.conf.new</filename>
configuration file to taste. Open the file in a text editor such
as &man.emacs.1; or &man.ee.1;. First, add the
frequencies for the target system's monitor. These are usually
@ -562,11 +479,8 @@ EndSection</programlisting>
<indexterm>
<primary><filename>xorg.conf</filename></primary>
</indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary><filename>XF86Config</filename></primary>
</indexterm>
<para>While the <filename>xorg.conf.new</filename> (or <filename>XF86Config.new</filename>)
<para>While the <filename>xorg.conf.new</filename>
configuration file is still open in an editor, select
the default resolution and color depth desired. This is
defined in the <literal>"Screen"</literal> section:</para>
@ -586,7 +500,7 @@ EndSection</programlisting>
<para>The <literal>DefaultDepth</literal> keyword describes
the color depth to run at by default. This can be overridden
with the <option>-depth</option> command line switch to
&man.Xorg.1; (or &man.XFree86.1;).
&man.Xorg.1;.
The <literal>Modes</literal> keyword
describes the resolution to run at for the given color depth.
Note that only VESA standard modes are supported as defined by
@ -604,48 +518,34 @@ EndSection</programlisting>
troubleshooting process are the X11 log files, which contain
information on each device that the X11 server attaches to.
<application>&xorg;</application> log file names are in the format
of <filename>/var/log/Xorg.0.log</filename>
(<application>&xfree86;</application> log file names follow the
format of <filename>XFree86.0.log</filename>). The exact name
of <filename>/var/log/Xorg.0.log</filename>. The exact name
of the log can vary from <filename>Xorg.0.log</filename> to
<filename>Xorg.8.log</filename> and so forth.</para>
</note>
<para>If all is well, the configuration
file needs to be installed in a common location where
&man.Xorg.1; (or &man.XFree86.1;)
can find it.
&man.Xorg.1; can find it.
This is typically <filename>/etc/X11/xorg.conf</filename> or
<filename>/usr/X11R6/etc/X11/xorg.conf</filename> (for
<application>&xfree86;</application> it is called
<filename>/etc/X11/XF86Config</filename> or
<filename>/usr/X11R6/etc/X11/XF86Config</filename>).</para>
<filename>/usr/X11R6/etc/X11/xorg.conf</filename>.</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cp xorg.conf.new /etc/X11/xorg.conf</userinput></screen>
<para>For <application>&xfree86;</application>:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cp XF86Config.new /etc/X11/XF86Config</userinput></screen>
<para>The X11 configuration process is now
complete. In order to start
<application>&xfree86;&nbsp;4.X</application> with &man.startx.1;,
install the <filename role="package">x11/wrapper</filename> port.
<application>&xorg;</application> already includes the wrapper
code and does not require the installation of the wrapper port.
complete. The <application>&xorg;</application> may be now
started with the &man.startx.1; utility.
The X11 server may also be started with the use of
&man.xdm.1;.</para>
<note><para>There is also a graphical configuration tool,
&man.xorgcfg.1; (&man.xf86cfg.1; for <application>&xfree86;</application>), that comes with the
&man.xorgcfg.1;, which comes with the
X11 distribution. It
allows you to interactively define your configuration by choosing
the appropriate drivers and settings. This program can be invoked from the console, by typing the command <command>xorgcfg -textmode</command>. For more details,
refer to the &man.xorgcfg.1; and &man.xf86cfg.1; manual pages.</para>
refer to the &man.xorgcfg.1; manual page.</para>
<para>Alternatively, there is also a tool called &man.xorgconfig.1;
(&man.xf86config.1; for <application>&xfree86;</application>),
this program is a console utility that is less user friendly,
<para>Alternatively, there is also a tool called &man.xorgconfig.1;.
This program is a console utility that is less user friendly,
but it may work in situations where the other tools do
not.</para></note>
@ -671,13 +571,6 @@ EndSection</programlisting>
with &man.kldload.8; will not work. This driver has to be
in the kernel at boot time through being compiled in or
using <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>.</para>
<para>If you are using <application>&xfree86;&nbsp;4.1.0</application> (or
later) and messages about unresolved symbols like
<literal>fbPictureInit</literal> appear, try adding the
following line after <literal>Driver "i810"</literal> in the
X11 configuration file:</para>
<programlisting>Option "NoDDC"</programlisting>
</sect3>
<sect3>
@ -802,11 +695,8 @@ EndSection</programlisting>
<para>And likewise with the freefont or other collections. To have the X
server detect these fonts, add an appropriate line to the
X server configuration file in <filename>/etc/X11/</filename>
(<filename>xorg.conf</filename> for
<application>&xorg;</application> and
<filename>XF86Config</filename> for
<application>&xfree86;</application>), which reads:</para>
X server configuration file (<filename>/etc/X11/xorg.conf</filename>),
which reads:</para>
<programlisting>FontPath "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/URW/"</programlisting>
@ -835,24 +725,16 @@ EndSection</programlisting>
<secondary>TrueType</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>Both <application>&xfree86;&nbsp;4.X</application> and <application>&xorg;</application> have built in support
<para><application>&xorg;</application> has built in support
for rendering &truetype; fonts. There are two different modules
that can enable this functionality. The freetype module is used
in this example because it is more consistent with the other font
rendering back-ends. To enable the freetype module just add the
following line to the <literal>"Module"</literal> section of the
<filename>/etc/X11/xorg.conf</filename> or
<filename>/etc/X11/XF86Config</filename> file.</para>
<filename>/etc/X11/xorg.conf</filename> file.</para>
<programlisting>Load "freetype"</programlisting>
<para>For <application>&xfree86;&nbsp;3.3.X</application>, a separate
&truetype; font server is needed.
<application>Xfstt</application> is commonly used for
this purpose. To install <application>Xfstt</application>,
simply install the port
<filename role="package">x11-servers/Xfstt</filename>.</para>
<para>Now make a directory for the &truetype; fonts (for example,
<filename>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/TrueType</filename>)
and copy all of the &truetype; fonts into this directory. Keep in
@ -878,7 +760,7 @@ EndSection</programlisting>
&prompt.user; <userinput>xset fp rehash</userinput></screen>
<para>or add a <literal>FontPath</literal> line to the
<filename>xorg.conf</filename> (or <filename>XF86Config</filename>) file.</para>
<filename>xorg.conf</filename> file.</para>
<para>That's it. Now <application>&netscape;</application>,
<application>Gimp</application>,

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@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ used in both environments.
<!-- Use an entity for the X.Org X server -->
<!ENTITY xorg "Xorg">
<!ENTITY xorg.version "6.9.0">
<!-- The currently released version of FreeBSD. This value is used to
create some links on web sites and such, so do NOT change it until