diff --git a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.xml b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.xml index 7cb0242e7b..8e99df307a 100644 --- a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.xml +++ b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.xml @@ -36,14 +36,15 @@ - How to configure PPP. + How to configure, use, and troubleshoot a + PPP connection. How to set up PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE). - How to set up PPP over ATM + How to set up PPP over ATM (PPPoA). @@ -106,7 +107,9 @@ Configuring <acronym>PPP</acronym> - In order to configure PPP, the following + &os; provides built-in support for managing dial-up + PPP connections using &man.ppp.8;. In order + to use a PPP connection, the following items are needed: @@ -130,35 +133,35 @@ - The IP address of one or more name - servers. Normally, an ISP provides these - addresses. If not, use enable dns in - ppp.conf and - ppp will set the name servers. - This feature requires the ISP to - supporting DNS negotiation. + The IP address of one or more DNS + servers. Normally, the ISP provides these + addresses. If it did not, &os; can be configured to use + DNS negotiation. + If any of the required information is missing, contact + the ISP. + The following information may be supplied by the ISP, but is not necessary: The IP address of the default - gateway. If this information is missing the - ISP's PPP server will - provide the correct value during connection setup. - - This IP number is referred to as - HISADDR by - ppp. + gateway. If this information is unknown, the + ISP will automatically + provide the correct value during connection setup. When + configuring PPP on &os;, + this address is referred to as + HISADDR. The subnet mask. If the ISP has not - provided one, use 255.255.255.255. + provided one, 255.255.255.255 will be used in + the &man.ppp.8; configuration file. @@ -167,34 +170,32 @@ If the ISP has assigned a static - IP address and hostname, enter it. - Otherwise, this information will be provided during + IP address and hostname, it should be + input into the configuration file. + Otherwise, this information will be automatically provided during connection setup. - If any required information is missing, contact - the ISP. - - - Throughout this section, many of the examples showing the - contents of configuration files are numbered by line. These - numbers serve to aid in the presentation and discussion only - and are not meant to be placed in the actual file. Proper - indentation with tab and space characters is also - important. - - - ppp uses the configuration files located - in /etc/ppp. Examples - can be found in The rest of this section demonstrates how to configure &os; + for common PPP connection + scenarios. The required configuration file is + /etc/ppp/ppp.conf and additional files and + examples are available in /usr/share/examples/ppp/. - A number of files are edited when configuring - ppp. The edits - depend to some extent on whether the ISP - allocates IP addresses statically or - dynamically. + + Throughout this section, many of the file examples + display line numbers. These line + numbers have been added to make it easier to follow the discussion + and are not meant to be placed in the actual file. + + When editing a configuration file, proper + indentation is + important. Lines that end in a : start in the + first column (beginning of the line) while all other lines + should be indented as shown using spaces or tabs. + PPP With Static <acronym>IP</acronym> Addresses @@ -205,19 +206,13 @@ addresses - If the ISP has provided an address that does not change, + If the ISP, also known as the peer, has provided an address that does not change, edit /etc/ppp/ppp.conf as described in the example below. - - Lines that end in a : start in the - first column (beginning of the line) while all other lines - should be indented as shown using spaces or tabs. - - 1 default: 2 set log Phase Chat LCP IPCP CCP tun command -3 ident user-ppp VERSION (built COMPILATIONDATE) +3 ident user-ppp VERSION 4 set device /dev/cuau0 5 set speed 115200 6 set dial "ABORT BUSY ABORT NO\\sCARRIER TIMEOUT 5 \ @@ -229,18 +224,17 @@ 12 set phone "(123) 456 7890" 13 set authname foo 14 set authkey bar -15 set login "TIMEOUT 10 \"\" \"\" gin:--gin: \\U word: \\P col: ppp" -16 set timeout 300 -17 set ifaddr x.x.x.x y.y.y.y 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 -18 add default HISADDR +15 set timeout 300 +16 set ifaddr x.x.x.x/0 y.y.y.y/0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 +17 add default HISADDR Line 1: - Identifies the default entry. Commands in this - entry are executed automatically when ppp is + Identifies the default entry. Commands in this + entry (lines 2 through 9) are executed automatically when ppp is run. @@ -249,14 +243,12 @@ Line 2: - Enables logging parameters. When the + Enables verbose logging parameters for testing the connection. Once the configuration is working satisfactorily, this line - should be reduced to saying: + should be reduced to: set log phase tun - in order to avoid excessive log file - sizes. @@ -264,12 +256,9 @@ Line 3: - Tells PPP how to identify itself to the peer. - PPP identifies itself to the peer if it has any - trouble negotiating and setting up the link, - providing information that the peers administrator - may find useful when investigating such - problems. + Displays the version of &man.ppp.8; to the + PPP software running on the other side of the + connection. @@ -278,7 +267,7 @@ Identifies the device to which the modem is - connected. COM1 is + connected, where COM1 is /dev/cuau0 and COM2 is @@ -291,26 +280,23 @@ Line 5: - Sets the speed you want to connect at. If - 115200 does not work (it should with any reasonably - new modem), try 38400 instead. + Sets the connection speed. If + 115200 does not work on an older modem, + try 38400 instead. - Line 6 & 7: + Lines 6 & 7: - The dial string. PPP uses an expect-send - syntax similar to the &man.chat.8; program. Refer - to the manual page for information on the features - of this language. + The dial string written as an expect-send + syntax. Refer to &man.chat.8; for more information. Note that this command continues onto the next line for readability. Any command in ppp.conf may do this if the - last character on the line is a \ - character. + last character on the line is \. @@ -318,9 +304,7 @@ Line 8: - Sets the idle timeout for the link. 180 seconds - is the default, so this line is purely - cosmetic. + Sets the idle timeout for the link in seconds. @@ -328,9 +312,9 @@ Line 9: - Tells PPP to ask the peer to confirm the local - resolver settings. If you run a local name server, - this line should be commented out or removed. + Instructs the peer to confirm the DNS + settings. If the local network is running its own DNS server, + this line should be commented out, by adding a # at the beginning of the line, or removed. @@ -339,7 +323,7 @@ A blank line for readability. Blank lines are - ignored by PPP. + ignored by &man.ppp.8;. @@ -347,8 +331,8 @@ Line 11: - Identifies an entry for a provider called - provider. This could be changed + Identifies an entry called + provider. This could be changed to the name of the ISP so that can be @@ -360,35 +344,24 @@ Line 12: - Sets the phone number for this provider. + Use the phone number for the ISP. Multiple phone numbers may be specified using the colon (:) or pipe character - (|) as a separator. The - difference between the two separators is described - in &man.ppp.8;. To summarize, to rotate + (|) as a separator. To rotate through the numbers, use a colon. To always attempt to dial the first number first and only use the other numbers if the first number - fails, use the pipe character. Always quote the - entire set of phone numbers as shown. - - The phone number must be enclosed in quotation - marks (") if there is any - intention on using spaces in the phone number. - This can cause a simple, yet subtle error. - + fails, use the pipe character. Always enclose the + entire set of phone numbers between quotation + marks (") to prevent dialing failures. + - Line 13 & 14: + Lines 13 & 14: - Identifies the user name and password. When - connecting using a &unix; style login prompt, these - values are referred to by the set - login command using the \U and \P - variables. When connecting using PAP or CHAP, these - values are used at authentication time. + Use the user name and password for the ISP. @@ -396,55 +369,25 @@ Line 15: - If PAP or - CHAP are used, there will be no - login at this point, and this line should be - commented out or removed. See for further - details. - - The login string is of the same chat-like - syntax as the dial string. In this example, the - string works for a service whose login session looks - like this: - - J. Random Provider -login: foo -password: bar -protocol: ppp - - Alter this script to suit your - own needs. When writing this script for the first - time, ensure that - chat logging is enabled to help determine if - the conversation is going as expected. + Sets the default idle + timeout + in seconds for the connection. In this example, the + connection will be closed automatically after 300 + seconds of inactivity. To prevent a timeout, + set this value to zero. Line 16: - - Sets the default idle - timeouttimeout - (in seconds) for the connection. Here, the - connection will be closed automatically after 300 - seconds of inactivity. To prevent a timeout - timeout, set this value to zero or use the - command line switch. - - - - - Line 17: - - Sets the interface addresses. The string + Sets the interface addresses. The x.x.x.x should be - replaced by the IP address that - the ISP has allocated. The - string y.y.y.y should be + replaced by the static IP address that + the ISP has allocated and the + y.y.y.y should be replaced by the IP address of the - gateway. If the ISP has not + default gateway. If the ISP has not provided a gateway address, use 10.0.0.2/0. When using a guessed address, create an entry in @@ -456,35 +399,26 @@ protocol: ppp - Line 18: + Line 17: - Adds a default route to the gateway. The - special word HISADDR is replaced - with the gateway address specified on line 17. It - is important that this line appears after line 17, - otherwise HISADDR will not yet - be initialized. + Keep this line as-is as it adds a default route to the gateway. The + HISADDR will automatically be replaced + with the gateway address specified on line 16. It + is important that this line appears after line 16. - When is not used, this - line should be moved to the - ppp.linkup file. - + When mode is not used to start the connection, this + line should be moved to + ppp.linkup. Examples for this + file can be found in /usr/share/examples/ppp/. + However, + ppp.linkup is not needed when running &man.ppp.8; in + mode as the routing table entries + are already correct. + - - It is not necessary to add an entry to - ppp.linkup when using a static - IP address and when running ppp in - mode as the routing table entries - are already correct. However, an entry can be created to - invoke programs after connection. This is explained later - with the sendmail example. - - Example configuration files can be found in the - /usr/share/examples/ppp/ - directory. @@ -1618,19 +1552,19 @@ ppp_profile="name_of_service_provider" - Using <application>PPP</application> over ATM + <title>Using <application>PPP</application> over <acronym>ATM</acronym> (PPPoA) PPP - over ATM + over ATM PPPoA - The following describes how to set up PPP over ATM (PPPoA). + The following describes how to set up PPP over ATM (PPPoA). PPPoA is a popular choice among European DSL providers.