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Murray Stokely 2001-12-10 06:36:10 +00:00
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Notes: svn2git 2020-12-08 03:00:23 +00:00 
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117
en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/multimedia/chapter.sgml
View file

@ -57,10 +57,10 @@
<indexterm><primary>sound cards</primary></indexterm>
<para>Before you begin, you should know the model of the card you
have, the chip it uses, and whether it is a PCI or ISA card.
FreeBSD supports a wide variety of both PCI and ISA cards. If you
do not see your card in the following list, check the &man.pcm.4;
manual page. This is not a complete list; however, it does list
some of the most common cards.</para>
FreeBSD supports a wide variety of both PCI and ISA cards. If
you do not see your card in the following list, check the
&man.pcm.4; manual page. This is not a complete list; however,
it does list some of the most common cards.</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
@ -166,8 +166,8 @@ device sbc0 at isa? port 0x220 irq 5 drq 1 flags 0x15</programlisting>
<programlisting>device pcm
device gusc</programlisting>
<para>to your kernel configuration file. If you have a non-PnP ISA card, you will
need to add:</para>
<para>to your kernel configuration file. If you have a non-PnP
ISA card, you will need to add:</para>
<programlisting>device pcm
device gus0 at isa? port 0x220 irq 5 drq 1 flags 0x13</programlisting>
@ -195,9 +195,9 @@ device csa</programlisting>
<programlisting>device pcm</programlisting>
<para>to your kernel configuration file. If you have a non-PnP ISA
sound card that does not have a bridge driver, you will need
to add:</para>
<para>to your kernel configuration file. If you have a non-PnP
ISA sound card that does not have a bridge driver, you will
need to add:</para>
<programlisting>device pcm0 at isa? irq 10 drq 1 flags 0x0</programlisting>
@ -221,20 +221,22 @@ device csa</programlisting>
<title>Creating and Testing the Device Nodes</title>
<indexterm><primary>device nodes</primary></indexterm>
<para>After you reboot, log in and run <command>dmesg | grep pcm</command> as shown
below:</para>
<para>After you reboot, log in and run <command>dmesg | grep
pcm</command> as shown below:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; dmesg | grep pcm
pcm0: &lt;SB16 DSP 4.11&gt; on sbc0</screen>
<para>The output from your system may look different. If no
<devicename>pcm</devicename> devices show up, something went wrong
earlier. If that happens, go through your kernel configuration
file again and make sure you chose the correct device. Consult
the troubleshooting section for additional options.</para>
<devicename>pcm</devicename> devices show up, something went
wrong earlier. If that happens, go through your kernel
configuration file again and make sure you chose the correct
device. Consult the troubleshooting section for additional
options.</para>
<para>If the previous command returned <devicename>pcm0</devicename>,
you will have to run the following as root:</para>
<para>If the previous command returned
<devicename>pcm0</devicename>, you will have to run the
following as root:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; cd /dev
&prompt.root; sh MAKEDEV snd0</screen>
@ -327,7 +329,7 @@ pcm0: &lt;SB16 DSP 4.11&gt; on sbc0</screen>
<row>
<entry><errorname>unsupported subdevice XX</errorname></entry>
<entry><para>One or more of the device nodes was not created
correctly. Repeat the steps above.</para></entry>
correctly. Repeat the steps above.</para></entry>
</row>
<indexterm><primary>I/O port</primary></indexterm>
@ -388,15 +390,17 @@ pcm0: &lt;SB16 DSP 4.11&gt; on sbc0</screen>
<para><application>XMMS</application> can be installed from the
<port>audio/xmms</port> port or package.</para>
<para><application>XMMS'</application> interface is intuitive, with
a playlist, graphic equalizer, and more. Those familiar with WinAmp
will find <application>XMMS</application> simple to use.</para>
<para><application>XMMS'</application> interface is intuitive,
with a playlist, graphic equalizer, and more. Those familiar
with <application>WinAmp</application> will find
<application>XMMS</application> simple to use.</para>
<para>The <port>audio/mpg123</port> port is an alternative,
command-line MP3 player.</para>
<para><application>mpg123</application> can be run by specifying the
sound device and the MP3 file on the command line, as shown below:</para>
<para><application>mpg123</application> can be run by specifying
the sound device and the MP3 file on the command line, as
shown below:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; mpg123 -a <replaceable>/dev/dsp1.0</replaceable> Foobar-GreatestHits.mp3
High Performance MPEG 1.0/2.0/2.5 Audio Player for Layer 1, 2 and 3.
@ -425,28 +429,30 @@ MPEG 1.0 layer III, 128 kbit/s, 44100 Hz joint-stereo
copying the raw CDDA (CD Digital Audio) data to WAV
files.</para>
<para>The <command>cdda2wav</command> tool, which is a part of the
<port>sysutils/cdrtools</port> suite, is used for ripping audio
information of CDs and the information associated with it.</para>
<para>The <command>cdda2wav</command> tool, which is a part of
the <port>sysutils/cdrtools</port> suite, is used for ripping
audio information of CDs and the information associated with
it.</para>
<para>With the audio CD in the drive, the following command
can be issued (as <username>root</username>) to rip an entire
CD into individual (per track) WAV files:</para>
<para>With the audio CD in the drive, the following command can
be issued (as <username>root</username>) to rip an entire CD
into individual (per track) WAV files:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; cdda2wav -D <replaceable>0,1,0</replaceable> -B</screen>
<para>The <option>-D <replaceable>0,1,0</replaceable></option>
indicates the SCSI device <devicename>0,1,0</devicename>, which
corresponds to the output of <command>cdrecord
-scanbus</command>.</para>
indicates the SCSI device <devicename>0,1,0</devicename>,
which corresponds to the output of <command>cdrecord
-scanbus</command>.</para>
<para>To rip individual tracks, make use of the
<option>-t</option> option as shown:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; cdda2wav -D <replaceable>0,1,0</replaceable> -t 7</screen>
<para>This example rips track seven of the audio CDROM. To rip a range
of tracks, for example, track one to seven, specify a range:</para>
<para>This example rips track seven of the audio CDROM. To rip
a range of tracks, for example, track one to seven, specify a
range:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; cdda2wav -D <replaceable>0,1,0</replaceable> -t 1+7</screen>
@ -480,21 +486,23 @@ MPEG 1.0 layer III, 128 kbit/s, 44100 Hz joint-stereo
<para>128 kbits seems to be the standard MP3 bitrate in use.
Many enjoy the higher quality 160, or 192. The higher the
bitrate, the more disk space the resulting MP3 will consume--but
the quality will be higher. The <option>-h</option> option
turns on the <quote>higher quality but a little slower</quote>
mode. The options beginning with <option>--t</option> indicate
ID3 tags, which usually contain song information, to be embedded
within the MP3 file. Additional encoding options can be found
by consulting the lame man page.</para>
bitrate, the more disk space the resulting MP3 will
consume--but the quality will be higher. The
<option>-h</option> option turns on the <quote>higher quality
but a little slower</quote> mode. The options beginning with
<option>--t</option> indicate ID3 tags, which usually contain
song information, to be embedded within the MP3 file.
Additional encoding options can be found by consulting the
lame man page.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="mp3-decoding">
<title>Decoding MP3s</title>
<para>In order to burn an audio CD from MP3s, they must be converted
to a non-compressed WAV format. Both <application>XMMS</application>
and <application>mpg123</application> support the output of MP3 to
<para>In order to burn an audio CD from MP3s, they must be
converted to a non-compressed WAV format. Both
<application>XMMS</application> and
<application>mpg123</application> support the output of MP3 to
an uncompressed file format.</para>
<para>Writing to Disk in <application>XMMS</application>:</para>
@ -535,14 +543,15 @@ MPEG 1.0 layer III, 128 kbit/s, 44100 Hz joint-stereo
</step>
<step>
<para>Press <literal>Play</literal> &mdash; <application>XMMS</application>
will appear as if it is playing the MP3, but no music will be heard. It
is actually playing the MP3 to a file.</para>
<para>Press <literal>Play</literal> &mdash;
<application>XMMS</application> will appear as if it is
playing the MP3, but no music will be heard. It is
actually playing the MP3 to a file.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Be sure to set the default Output Plugin back to what it was before
in order to listen to MP3s again.</para>
<para>Be sure to set the default Output Plugin back to what
it was before in order to listen to MP3s again.</para>
</step>
</procedure>
@ -555,10 +564,12 @@ MPEG 1.0 layer III, 128 kbit/s, 44100 Hz joint-stereo
</step>
</procedure>
<para><application>XMMS</application> writes a file in the WAV format, while
<application>mpg123</application> converts the MP3 into raw PCM audio data.
Both of these formats can be used with <application>cdrecord</application>
or <application>burncd</application> to create audio CDROMs.</para>
<para><application>XMMS</application> writes a file in the WAV
format, while <application>mpg123</application> converts the
MP3 into raw PCM audio data. Both of these formats can be
used with <application>cdrecord</application> or
<application>burncd</application> to create audio
CDROMs.</para>
<para>Read <xref linkend="creating-cds"> for more information on using a
CD burner in FreeBSD.</para>

117
en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/sound/chapter.sgml
View file

@ -57,10 +57,10 @@
<indexterm><primary>sound cards</primary></indexterm>
<para>Before you begin, you should know the model of the card you
have, the chip it uses, and whether it is a PCI or ISA card.
FreeBSD supports a wide variety of both PCI and ISA cards. If you
do not see your card in the following list, check the &man.pcm.4;
manual page. This is not a complete list; however, it does list
some of the most common cards.</para>
FreeBSD supports a wide variety of both PCI and ISA cards. If
you do not see your card in the following list, check the
&man.pcm.4; manual page. This is not a complete list; however,
it does list some of the most common cards.</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
@ -166,8 +166,8 @@ device sbc0 at isa? port 0x220 irq 5 drq 1 flags 0x15</programlisting>
<programlisting>device pcm
device gusc</programlisting>
<para>to your kernel configuration file. If you have a non-PnP ISA card, you will
need to add:</para>
<para>to your kernel configuration file. If you have a non-PnP
ISA card, you will need to add:</para>
<programlisting>device pcm
device gus0 at isa? port 0x220 irq 5 drq 1 flags 0x13</programlisting>
@ -195,9 +195,9 @@ device csa</programlisting>
<programlisting>device pcm</programlisting>
<para>to your kernel configuration file. If you have a non-PnP ISA
sound card that does not have a bridge driver, you will need
to add:</para>
<para>to your kernel configuration file. If you have a non-PnP
ISA sound card that does not have a bridge driver, you will
need to add:</para>
<programlisting>device pcm0 at isa? irq 10 drq 1 flags 0x0</programlisting>
@ -221,20 +221,22 @@ device csa</programlisting>
<title>Creating and Testing the Device Nodes</title>
<indexterm><primary>device nodes</primary></indexterm>
<para>After you reboot, log in and run <command>dmesg | grep pcm</command> as shown
below:</para>
<para>After you reboot, log in and run <command>dmesg | grep
pcm</command> as shown below:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; dmesg | grep pcm
pcm0: &lt;SB16 DSP 4.11&gt; on sbc0</screen>
<para>The output from your system may look different. If no
<devicename>pcm</devicename> devices show up, something went wrong
earlier. If that happens, go through your kernel configuration
file again and make sure you chose the correct device. Consult
the troubleshooting section for additional options.</para>
<devicename>pcm</devicename> devices show up, something went
wrong earlier. If that happens, go through your kernel
configuration file again and make sure you chose the correct
device. Consult the troubleshooting section for additional
options.</para>
<para>If the previous command returned <devicename>pcm0</devicename>,
you will have to run the following as root:</para>
<para>If the previous command returned
<devicename>pcm0</devicename>, you will have to run the
following as root:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; cd /dev
&prompt.root; sh MAKEDEV snd0</screen>
@ -327,7 +329,7 @@ pcm0: &lt;SB16 DSP 4.11&gt; on sbc0</screen>
<row>
<entry><errorname>unsupported subdevice XX</errorname></entry>
<entry><para>One or more of the device nodes was not created
correctly. Repeat the steps above.</para></entry>
correctly. Repeat the steps above.</para></entry>
</row>
<indexterm><primary>I/O port</primary></indexterm>
@ -388,15 +390,17 @@ pcm0: &lt;SB16 DSP 4.11&gt; on sbc0</screen>
<para><application>XMMS</application> can be installed from the
<port>audio/xmms</port> port or package.</para>
<para><application>XMMS'</application> interface is intuitive, with
a playlist, graphic equalizer, and more. Those familiar with WinAmp
will find <application>XMMS</application> simple to use.</para>
<para><application>XMMS'</application> interface is intuitive,
with a playlist, graphic equalizer, and more. Those familiar
with <application>WinAmp</application> will find
<application>XMMS</application> simple to use.</para>
<para>The <port>audio/mpg123</port> port is an alternative,
command-line MP3 player.</para>
<para><application>mpg123</application> can be run by specifying the
sound device and the MP3 file on the command line, as shown below:</para>
<para><application>mpg123</application> can be run by specifying
the sound device and the MP3 file on the command line, as
shown below:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; mpg123 -a <replaceable>/dev/dsp1.0</replaceable> Foobar-GreatestHits.mp3
High Performance MPEG 1.0/2.0/2.5 Audio Player for Layer 1, 2 and 3.
@ -425,28 +429,30 @@ MPEG 1.0 layer III, 128 kbit/s, 44100 Hz joint-stereo
copying the raw CDDA (CD Digital Audio) data to WAV
files.</para>
<para>The <command>cdda2wav</command> tool, which is a part of the
<port>sysutils/cdrtools</port> suite, is used for ripping audio
information of CDs and the information associated with it.</para>
<para>The <command>cdda2wav</command> tool, which is a part of
the <port>sysutils/cdrtools</port> suite, is used for ripping
audio information of CDs and the information associated with
it.</para>
<para>With the audio CD in the drive, the following command
can be issued (as <username>root</username>) to rip an entire
CD into individual (per track) WAV files:</para>
<para>With the audio CD in the drive, the following command can
be issued (as <username>root</username>) to rip an entire CD
into individual (per track) WAV files:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; cdda2wav -D <replaceable>0,1,0</replaceable> -B</screen>
<para>The <option>-D <replaceable>0,1,0</replaceable></option>
indicates the SCSI device <devicename>0,1,0</devicename>, which
corresponds to the output of <command>cdrecord
-scanbus</command>.</para>
indicates the SCSI device <devicename>0,1,0</devicename>,
which corresponds to the output of <command>cdrecord
-scanbus</command>.</para>
<para>To rip individual tracks, make use of the
<option>-t</option> option as shown:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; cdda2wav -D <replaceable>0,1,0</replaceable> -t 7</screen>
<para>This example rips track seven of the audio CDROM. To rip a range
of tracks, for example, track one to seven, specify a range:</para>
<para>This example rips track seven of the audio CDROM. To rip
a range of tracks, for example, track one to seven, specify a
range:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; cdda2wav -D <replaceable>0,1,0</replaceable> -t 1+7</screen>
@ -480,21 +486,23 @@ MPEG 1.0 layer III, 128 kbit/s, 44100 Hz joint-stereo
<para>128 kbits seems to be the standard MP3 bitrate in use.
Many enjoy the higher quality 160, or 192. The higher the
bitrate, the more disk space the resulting MP3 will consume--but
the quality will be higher. The <option>-h</option> option
turns on the <quote>higher quality but a little slower</quote>
mode. The options beginning with <option>--t</option> indicate
ID3 tags, which usually contain song information, to be embedded
within the MP3 file. Additional encoding options can be found
by consulting the lame man page.</para>
bitrate, the more disk space the resulting MP3 will
consume--but the quality will be higher. The
<option>-h</option> option turns on the <quote>higher quality
but a little slower</quote> mode. The options beginning with
<option>--t</option> indicate ID3 tags, which usually contain
song information, to be embedded within the MP3 file.
Additional encoding options can be found by consulting the
lame man page.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="mp3-decoding">
<title>Decoding MP3s</title>
<para>In order to burn an audio CD from MP3s, they must be converted
to a non-compressed WAV format. Both <application>XMMS</application>
and <application>mpg123</application> support the output of MP3 to
<para>In order to burn an audio CD from MP3s, they must be
converted to a non-compressed WAV format. Both
<application>XMMS</application> and
<application>mpg123</application> support the output of MP3 to
an uncompressed file format.</para>
<para>Writing to Disk in <application>XMMS</application>:</para>
@ -535,14 +543,15 @@ MPEG 1.0 layer III, 128 kbit/s, 44100 Hz joint-stereo
</step>
<step>
<para>Press <literal>Play</literal> &mdash; <application>XMMS</application>
will appear as if it is playing the MP3, but no music will be heard. It
is actually playing the MP3 to a file.</para>
<para>Press <literal>Play</literal> &mdash;
<application>XMMS</application> will appear as if it is
playing the MP3, but no music will be heard. It is
actually playing the MP3 to a file.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Be sure to set the default Output Plugin back to what it was before
in order to listen to MP3s again.</para>
<para>Be sure to set the default Output Plugin back to what
it was before in order to listen to MP3s again.</para>
</step>
</procedure>
@ -555,10 +564,12 @@ MPEG 1.0 layer III, 128 kbit/s, 44100 Hz joint-stereo
</step>
</procedure>
<para><application>XMMS</application> writes a file in the WAV format, while
<application>mpg123</application> converts the MP3 into raw PCM audio data.
Both of these formats can be used with <application>cdrecord</application>
or <application>burncd</application> to create audio CDROMs.</para>
<para><application>XMMS</application> writes a file in the WAV
format, while <application>mpg123</application> converts the
MP3 into raw PCM audio data. Both of these formats can be
used with <application>cdrecord</application> or
<application>burncd</application> to create audio
CDROMs.</para>
<para>Read <xref linkend="creating-cds"> for more information on using a
CD burner in FreeBSD.</para>