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Add transcripts for three additional conference talks from YouTube

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Machine Translation and 1 pass of human editing hired through Amazon
Mechanical Turk.

Sponsored by:	FreeBSD Foundation
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Murray Stokely 2010-01-31 22:36:14 +00:00
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0:00:07.329,0:00:13.679
You're here, Bob, of course. Bob is hot. Bob is very hot.
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Welcome to BSD is Dying.
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No, it's not dead yet,
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we're getting there.
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Anybody out here last year?
0:00:18.949,0:00:24.939
Okay. I gave a really bad talk on pf, so and I
appreciate Bob coming out and correcting me this year.
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Anyways, we should go and get started.
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BSD is Dying.
0:00:33.560,0:00:35.820
What is BSD?
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I think most of us know, BSD is a derivative of UNIX.
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Okay, what is UNIX?
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UNIX is an
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operating system.
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What is an operating system?
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It runs computers.
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But, what is a computer?
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It helps users accomplish tasks. What is a user?
A user is somebody biped like
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biped that stands up right sort of like me.
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Who am I? My name is Jason Dixon.
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First and foremost, a SysAdmin. I like to work on networks,
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firewalls. I like to tweak.
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No. Yes.
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I'm a programmer, sort of. I enjoy
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Perl, Postgres,
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on Apache
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servers. I'm a consultant here. I'm an employee
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here, and a lover of
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BSD.
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Why am I here?
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That’s the question I've been asking myself all along.
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To talk about why BSD is dying.
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Sex, and greed.
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Someone kick these guys out.
0:02:00.410,0:02:05.470
Okay. So again, what is BSD? What is UNIX?
What is an operating system? What is a computer?
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Computer is a device that computes, especially a
programmable electronic machine that performs high-speed
mathematical or logical operations or that assembles,
stores, correlates, or
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otherwise processes
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information.
0:02:15.529,0:02:19.090
This is a computer. This is also known as a
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computer. This is a really big computer.
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This is a fake computer, and sometimes, just can, well, compute
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But what does a computer really do?
0:02:31.339,0:02:33.729
All right, it helps us write documents,
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shopping lists. Sometimes, it can even delete documents.
It helps us work with emails,
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surf the Web, movies,
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and listen to music.
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Oh, and yes, games.
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How? How does the computer let us do these
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things? Well, it takes the work
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and using the computer component, we can translate it
into machine language
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that is the foundation
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for kernel, libraries, userland applications,
otherwise known as operating system.
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like BSD.
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What is a kernel?
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It's a wonderful thing, it allows
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The management and processes of memory, peripheral devices,
and by extension, allows us to do networking, security,
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work with disks and file systems, user interfaces,
userland applications,
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people can write documents, check email, surf the Web,
watch movies, listen to music, and play games.
0:03:33.619,0:03:38.209
and much, much more.
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So, in summary, BSD
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is a UNIX-derived operating system
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enables users to harness the power of a computer to process
information. It uses the kernel to manage processes memory,
and peripheral devices. And by extension, we can perform
0:03:51.730,0:03:58.149
networking, enforce security, read from and write to storage
devices, and interface visually to applications like text
editors, mail clients, Web browsers, multimedia players, and
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games.
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In the beginning, I'm going to try and breeze through this,
people
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The Holy
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Trinity – MIT, Bell Labs, and GE created
a systems called Multics.
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This is a nice flash from the past.
0:04:18.750,0:04:20.650
Life was good.
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No. No.
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Actually, it
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wasn’t. The Multics was a commercial
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failure. So, a couple of gentlemen like Ken Thompson and
Dennis Ritchie
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[xx] support, like to play games. They worked at Bell Labs
and they had this game called
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Space Travel, which performed really
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really badly. So, what's…actually, I'm sorry
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it ran on a PDP-7.
0:04:43.639,0:04:48.989
What is an assembly programmer to do when a game
doesn’t work properly on the star board? He moves
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it. So, in 1969, Ken Thompson
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and
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Sorry, came out with the Uniplexed Information
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and Computing System. It was capable of supporting
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a number of users
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up to two.
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And by
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1970, UNIX was officially known as U-N-I-X
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It ran on a PDP1145
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and was capable of text processing
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and had utilities like roff and a text editor.
0:05:21.019,0:05:22.409
for the purpose of
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patents. By
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1973, they rewrote UNIX and a programming language called
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C which allowed AT&T to make the source code available
to let other
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people run it on their systems.
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By 1974, a gentleman by the name of Bob Fabry,
who was at the University
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of Cal Berkeley in their Computer Science Department
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bought a copy of UNIX for $99.
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to run their PDP-11.
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By 1977, a gentleman named Bill Joy, a graduate
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student, distributed the Berkeley Software
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Distribution as
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1BSD. It was on a tape media that contained the PASCAL
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compiler, the ex editor, and
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by 1978, it was known as 2BSD with
0:06:09.289,0:06:10.179
vi, csh, and the list
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goes on.
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By 4BSD, we had job control, delivermail,
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precursor to sendmail, curses, libraries. 1981,
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4.1BSD, this one, we are recorded through VAX
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4.1BSD addressed memory performance issues with UNIX on VAX
0:06:30.539,0:06:34.159
1983, 4.2BSD uses TCP/IP from BBN,
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and also the Berkeley Fast File System from the
0:06:36.990,0:06:39.219
gentleman, Kirk McKusick,
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who also brought us the original BSD mascot.
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In 1986, 4.3BSD introduced performance improvements
over 4.2BSD
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By 1988, we had a list called 4.3BSD-Tahoe
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originally intended to run on the Power 6/32
“Tahoe” platform.
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That platform actually never came to fruition
0:07:00.160,0:07:04.280
but it did allow us to extract some of the
machine-independent
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code which allowed it to become portable much later on.
0:07:07.240,0:07:09.050
By 1989, there was
0:07:09.050,0:07:10.810
Net/1, which separated the networking code
0:07:10.810,0:07:14.349
from the AT&T UNIX code
0:07:14.349,0:07:17.399
allowing for a permissive BSD license
0:07:17.399,0:07:20.479
By 1990, 4.3BSD-Reno
0:07:20.479,0:07:24.770
introduced the MACH virtual files, MACH virtual
0:07:24.770,0:07:27.189
memory system, Sun-compatible NFS
0:07:27.189,0:07:30.939
However, it was known as a real
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gamble, hence the Reno moniker.
0:07:34.119,0:07:36.690
By 1991, we had
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Net/2 where all AT&T code and utilities were
replaced or removed
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and ran on the Intel 386
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and it became the basis for the 386BSD
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and BSD/386 releases.
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A gentleman by the name of Bill Jolitz
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behind 386
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BSD release, which eventually became the foundation for
0:07:58.169,0:07:59.849
FreeBSD and NetBSD.
0:07:59.849,0:08:02.250
And the
0:08:02.250,0:08:09.250
BSD3, I'm sorry, the 386BSD, which later on became
BSD/OS by BSDI
0:08:09.659,0:08:14.599
Exodus. Back in 1992, a wholly own subsidiary of
0:08:14.599,0:08:18.699
AT&T called Unix System Laboratories
0:08:18.699,0:08:20.389
decided to go after
0:08:20.389,0:08:22.539
BSDI for
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I'm sorry,
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in New
0:08:26.860,0:08:33.139
Jersey, as for an injunction against him due to various
what they consider proprietary
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code in the
0:08:34.650,0:08:35.960
BSD.
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This was one of their advertising and again, they used
this as the basis for the
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lawsuit. I have
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no idea what that’s for.
0:08:44.640,0:08:47.660
0:08:47.660,0:08:52.440
Net/2 was basically, I'm sorry
0:08:52.440,0:08:55.809
the three BSDIs version of BSD OS is basically Net/2
0:08:55.809,0:08:58.239
+ 6 files that they had version from
0:08:58.239,0:09:00.540
Bill Jolitz’s 386
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BSD. The lawsuit was, I'm sorry, the court settlement was
0:09:05.030,0:09:09.020
ruled over by a judge who denied the injunction
0:09:09.020,0:09:11.469
and asked them to narrow their
0:09:11.469,0:09:15.650
complaint to recent California copyrights
and the possibility of the loss of
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trade secrets. He also did a really great thing
for BSD is that he hinted,
0:09:19.299,0:09:21.829
that…actually by this
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point, the lawsuit with California Berkeley had been
also added into the
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lawsuit. Well, he gave a hint to bring the case to the state
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court. So,
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BSD laywers were pretty smart over at Cal and they decided
to make a run over to the state court by the next
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Monday to file a countersuit
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against USL,
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in the state of California.
0:09:43.250,0:09:46.280
Soon after USL went up for
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sale, and it was bought by Novell
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A gentleman, Ray Noorda, the CEO
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at Novell, agreed to a settlement at this point because
they understood that there was
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no copyright infringement in the
0:10:01.060,0:10:03.510
code. So, basically,
0:10:03.510,0:10:05.850
the lawsuit was settled out of court
0:10:05.850,0:10:07.150
in secret for ten years.
0:10:07.150,0:10:08.870
In 2004,
0:10:11.490,0:10:14.990
done with the actual settlement
0:10:14.990,0:10:16.120
was and really sit.
0:10:16.120,0:10:17.910
And,
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USL, AT&T and
0:10:19.560,0:10:20.550
Novell sort of
0:10:20.550,0:10:22.190
was embarrassed,
0:10:22.190,0:10:27.060
which ended up resulting in two distinct releases
0:10:27.060,0:10:32.990
4.4BSD, there is an encumbered version and had USL license
0:10:32.990,0:10:37.490
and AT&T code, and 4.4BSD-Lite, which was completely
unencumbered
0:10:37.490,0:10:39.460
and became the
0:10:39.460,0:10:40.600
foundation for
0:10:40.600,0:10:43.470
a FreeBSD.
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NetBSD, I'm sorry, FreeBSD
0:10:49.150,0:10:55.670
FreeBSD, people with background, only different BSDs
that came out of 386BSD
0:10:55.670,0:11:00.900
It runs on Intel x86, Itanium, AMD64, Alpha, Sun Ultra
0:11:00.900,0:11:05.149
SPARC and it gives us the neat features of jail, which
most of us are familiar with,
0:11:05.149,0:11:07.420
mandatory access control as MACH
0:11:07.420,0:11:10.830
and historically, had a very strong TCP/
0:11:10.830,0:11:11.750
IP and SMP performance.
0:11:11.750,0:11:16.150
The original NetBSD, which also came from 386BSD
0:11:18.680,0:11:22.200
Over 50 hardware platforms from a single
source tree
0:11:22.200,0:11:25.520
and that’s pretty much what it's known for. To be honest
0:11:25.520,0:11:31.790
I mean, I got to admit I'm an Open BSD guy, I was looking for
a really cool and innovative features in NetBSD and I really
0:11:31.790,0:11:32.329
couldn’t find any.
0:11:32.329,0:11:34.940
Why am I hanging on this.
0:11:34.940,0:11:37.160
Sorry,
0:11:37.160,0:11:39.650
I know people are going to…
0:11:39.650,0:11:46.650
I know the NetBSD is going to get me…I can
handle two of you. Okay? And this is
0:11:48.680,0:11:51.490
a list of the platforms that probably
0:11:51.490,0:11:53.820
including a toaster.
0:11:53.820,0:11:55.000
0:11:55.000,0:11:56.410
OpenBSD,
0:11:56.410,0:11:59.179
this is one of the old logos, this is the new
0:11:59.179,0:12:03.510
logo. It was forked from NetBSD 1.0, we won't go
into the history, I know
0:12:03.510,0:12:08.929
most people know it, and it's supported by about
16 official platforms
0:12:08.929,0:12:12.530
platforms. This is about half of the most popular ones.
0:12:12.530,0:12:17.570
And it comes out with a new release every six months,
generally, in May and November
0:12:17.570,0:12:20.810
1st, so if you haven’t already, pick a copy, it just came
0:12:20.810,0:12:24.880
out of the foil. It's unofficial model is secure by default
0:12:24.880,0:12:31.880
only what's needed is running on the default
0:12:32.750,0:12:35.690
And, some of their goals
0:12:35.690,0:12:38.300
and features - full disclosure, audits,
0:12:38.300,0:12:43.950
privsep, privilege separation & revocation, chroot jails,
like FreeBSD,
0:12:43.950,0:12:48.910
random values wherever possible. This is probably
0:12:48.910,0:12:52.180
the most obvious example. ProPolice
0:12:52.180,0:12:58.070
Some other features that they’d given us through
the years – PF, authpf, CARP, fsyncd,
0:12:58.070,0:13:01.380
which I think some of these are probably in the
0:13:01.380,0:13:08.380
FreeBSD by now. DragonFlyBSD was a continuation of
FreeBSD 4.8. Again,
0:13:08.760,0:13:11.160
DragonFlyBSD was
0:13:11.160,0:13:15.640
FreeBSD 4.8 and was intended to basically
0:13:15.640,0:13:21.580
overhaul the SMP features in FreeBSD 6
and 7,5,6, and 7.
0:13:21.580,0:13:25.690
DragonFly is another example. If you look at their goals,
it had some really neat technological stuff.
0:13:25.690,0:13:28.500
I can't find any features that really, you
0:13:28.500,0:13:31.830
know, mean anything.
0:13:31.830,0:13:33.130
Of course,
0:13:33.130,0:13:36.890
Tiger is an old I'm sorry, OSX
0:13:36.890,0:13:43.890
It started from the Jolitz project, but it's sort of a inbred
0:13:48.870,0:13:53.800
0:13:53.800,0:13:58.350
0:13:58.350,0:14:04.130
That is all about, I wanted to cover kind of the present of
where we are right now, some of the myths and truths.
0:14:04.130,0:14:08.260
Why is BSD dying? Really, that’s what the title
0:14:08.260,0:14:11.750
of the project and topic is.
0:14:11.750,0:14:16.270
Well, first, because IDC said so.
0:14:16.270,0:14:21.480
Market share for BSD is, right now, all time low, under 1%
0:14:21.480,0:14:28.480
And, of course, Netcraft confirms these findings.
Last place in the SysAdmin networking test, so we all
0:14:29.660,0:14:30.930
know that word, we're just big losers.
0:14:30.930,0:14:37.610
Because open-source projects are giving away free software.
I mean, we can't possibly make
0:14:37.610,0:14:39.310
money, so that, obviously, means that
0:14:39.310,0:14:46.310
we're dying. And free software is…
0:14:46.390,0:14:53.390
We know how to say this, when we came out.
Free software equals terrorism.
0:14:55.120,0:14:57.910
0:14:57.910,0:15:04.910
Our inability to adapt. As you can see by this graph
0:15:09.630,0:15:15.980
Let's be serious here, people.
0:15:15.980,0:15:20.520
We see Windows, I mean, the way people. Come on,
they’ve been doing this for a number of what? 15,
0:15:20.520,0:15:22.180
20 years. Linux is second.
0:15:22.180,0:15:24.349
They actually are showing some.
0:15:24.349,0:15:29.259
We presume that someone is doing office by doing
0:15:29.259,0:15:35.450
The BSD is only for register, so we've got to work
on that, of course
0:15:35.450,0:15:37.030
Loss of talent. Free
0:15:37.030,0:15:41.410
BSD has lost 93% of their core developers.
0:15:41.410,0:15:45.300
Okay, come on, guys, let's go.
0:15:45.300,0:15:48.030
But not all is lost.
0:15:48.030,0:15:53.600
Fortunately, a few very small companies still
use BSD in this age.
0:15:53.600,0:15:56.450
0:15:56.450,0:16:02.590
I know you probably have heard most of these.
0:16:02.590,0:16:05.780
Believe it or not, this is our premier
0:16:05.780,0:16:12.780
sponsor, and some other company that didn’t sponsor us
0:16:16.070,0:16:17.560
0:16:17.560,0:16:20.070
I should just end right there.
0:16:20.070,0:16:21.870
0:16:21.870,0:16:28.130
Seriously, though, the technological challenge that we
have ahead of us. Virtualization, that’s a big deal
0:16:28.130,0:16:29.529
as far as the market.
0:16:29.529,0:16:33.230
Of course, developers are in the market, so,
if that happens, that
0:16:33.230,0:16:35.370
happens. The end is really, really cool.
0:16:35.370,0:16:40.150
DRM, is obviously evil, yes, I know, I don’t care about
0:16:40.150,0:16:41.690
DRM. Ran out.
0:16:41.690,0:16:43.980
Right?
0:16:43.980,0:16:45.310
Political challenges
0:16:45.310,0:16:48.710
No, this has been hard to admit, but I can't beat
0:16:48.710,0:16:50.530
people, blobs,
0:16:50.530,0:16:52.140
binary is bad,
0:16:52.140,0:16:53.140
don’t do it
0:16:53.140,0:16:56.180
just smoke in the same crack
0:16:56.180,0:16:57.540
0:16:57.540,0:16:59.590
NDAs
0:16:59.590,0:17:01.900
and closed documentation.
0:17:01.900,0:17:06.460
How many of us here are actual core developers for
one of the BSDs?
0:17:06.460,0:17:08.159
Okay, the rest of us, let's help them
0:17:08.159,0:17:09.420
out
0:17:09.420,0:17:10.120
okay
0:17:10.120,0:17:12.000
get your files with your supplier,
0:17:12.000,0:17:16.740
let's get some documentation to these guys.
0:17:16.740,0:17:18.159
Because without the
0:17:18.159,0:17:20.100
diversity, we'll have
0:17:20.100,0:17:22.220
unity
0:17:22.220,0:17:24.630
and a common goal.
0:17:27.420,0:17:30.090
Thank you.

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