From 963ab773f9616cc9b23064b90530220896711b48 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Foxfair Hu Date: Fri, 20 Aug 1999 00:59:23 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] DocBook version of FreeBSD Chinese FAQ, stage[II]. This file is a revisory version of stage[I], with QAndASet framework. Thanks for Nik's helping! --- zh_TW.Big5/books/faq/book.sgml | 8170 +++++++++++++++++++------------- 1 file changed, 4949 insertions(+), 3221 deletions(-) diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/books/faq/book.sgml b/zh_TW.Big5/books/faq/book.sgml index 303b3c54eb..6748df71d0 100644 --- a/zh_TW.Big5/books/faq/book.sgml +++ b/zh_TW.Big5/books/faq/book.sgml @@ -1,8 +1,7 @@ - + - FreeBSD 2.X ±`¨£°Ýµª¶° @@ -11,7 +10,7 @@ -$Date: 1999-08-19 03:56:59 $ +$Date: 1999-08-20 00:59:23 $ ³o¥÷¤å¥ó¬O FreeBSD 2.X ªº±`¨£°Ýµª¶°¡C°£«D¦³¯S§O¥[µù¡A§_«h³o¨Ç±ø¥Ø³£¾A ¥Î©ó FreeBSD 2.0.5 ¤Î¥H«áªºª©¥»¡C¦pªG±ø¥Ø¤º®e¤¤¦³ <XXX> «h¬O©|¥¼ @@ -27,7 +26,6 @@ ¦b±`¨£°Ýµª¶°¤¤·j´M¸ê®Æ¡C - Åwªï¨Ó¨ì FreeBSD 2.X FAQ¡I + + - -¼g³o¥÷ FAQ ªº¥Øªº¬O¤°»ò¡H + +¼g³o¥÷ FAQ ªº¥Øªº¬O¤°»ò¡H ¸ò¨ä¥L Usenet ¤Wªº FAQ ¤@¼Ë¡A³o¥÷¤å¥ó¥D­n²[»\¤F¦³Ãö FreeBSD ³o®M§@ -·~¨t²Î³Ì±`³Q°Ý¨ìªº°ÝÃD (·íµM¥]¬A¤F¦^µª¡I)¡CÁöµM»¡§Ú­Ì¥»¨Óªº¥Øªº¬O¬°¤F -´î¤Öºô¸ôÀW¼eªº®ö¶O¥H¤ÎÁקK¦P¼Ëªº°ÝÃD¤@¦A¥X²{¡A¦ý¬O FAQ ¤w¸g³Qµø¬°¬O¤@ -ºØ«Ü¦³»ù­Èªº¸ê°T¤F¡C + ·~¨t²Î³Ì±`³Q°Ý¨ìªº°ÝÃD (·íµM¥]¬A¤F¦^µª¡I)¡CÁöµM»¡§Ú­Ì¥»¨Óªº¥Øªº¬O¬°¤F + ´î¤Öºô¸ôÀW¼eªº®ö¶O¥H¤ÎÁקK¦P¼Ëªº°ÝÃD¤@¦A¥X²{¡A¦ý¬O FAQ ¤w¸g³Qµø¬°¬O¤@ + ºØ«Ü¦³»ù­Èªº¸ê°T¤F¡C + + §Ú­Ì¤w¸g¾¨¥i¯à¦a¨Ï³o¥÷ FAQ §óÂ×´I¤F¡F¦pªG±z¹ï¦p¦ó¨Ï¨ä§ó¶i¨B¦³¥ô¦ó -«Øij¡A½ÐÀH®É±H¹q¤l¶l¥óµ¹ FAQ ºûÅ@ªÌ¡C + «Øij¡A½ÐÀH®É±H¹q¤l¶l¥óµ¹ FAQ ºûÅ@ªÌ¡C - + + + - -¤°»ò¬O FreeBSD¡H + +¤°»ò¬O FreeBSD¡H ²³æ¦a¨Ó»¡¡AFreeBSD 2.X ¬O¤@®M®Ú¾Ú U.C. 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+ 4.4BSD System Manager's Manual -By Computer Systems Research Group, UC Berkeley -1st Edition June 1994, 804 pages -ISBN: 1-56592-080-5 - + By Computer Systems Research Group, UC Berkeley + 1st Edition June 1994, 804 pages + ISBN: 1-56592-080-5 + + 4.4BSD User's Reference Manual -By Computer Systems Research Group, UC Berkeley -1st Edition June 1994, 905 pages -ISBN: 1-56592-075-9 - + By Computer Systems Research Group, UC Berkeley + 1st Edition June 1994, 905 pages + ISBN: 1-56592-075-9 + + 4.4BSD User's Supplementary Documents -By Computer Systems Research Group, UC Berkeley -1st Edition July 1994, 712 pages -ISBN: 1-56592-076-7 - + By Computer Systems Research Group, UC Berkeley + 1st Edition July 1994, 712 pages + ISBN: 1-56592-076-7 + + 4.4BSD Programmer's Reference Manual -By Computer Systems Research Group, UC Berkeley -1st Edition June 1994, 886 pages -ISBN: 1-56592-078-3 - + By Computer Systems Research Group, UC Berkeley + 1st Edition June 1994, 886 pages + ISBN: 1-56592-078-3 + + 4.4BSD Programmer's Supplementary Documents -By Computer Systems Research Group, UC Berkeley -1st Edition July 1994, 596 pages -ISBN: 1-56592-079-1 + By Computer Systems Research Group, UC Berkeley + 1st Edition July 1994, 596 pages + ISBN: 1-56592-079-1 + + + ±z¥i¥H¦b WWW ¤W§ä¨ì¬ÛÃö¤¶²Ð¡G -4.4BSD books description¡C¦]¬°¾P°â±¡§Î¨Ã¤£¬O«Ü¦n¡A©Ò¥H±z¥i¯à«Ü -Ãø¥h¨ú±o³o¨Ç®ÑÄy¡C + 4.4BSD books description¡C¦]¬°¾P°â±¡§Î¨Ã¤£¬O«Ü¦n¡A©Ò¥H±z¥i¯à«Ü + Ãø¥h¨ú±o³o¨Ç®ÑÄy¡C + + ¦pªG±z·Q¹ï 4.4BSD ªº®Ö¤ß¬[ºc¦³§ó²`¼hªº»{ÃÑ¡A±zµ´¤£¯à¿ù¹L³o¥»®Ñ : + + McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, -and John Quarterman. + and John Quarterman. + + The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating -System. Reading, Mass. : Addison-Wesley, 1996. -ISBN 0-201-54979-4 + System. Reading, Mass. : Addison-Wesley, 1996. + ISBN 0-201-54979-4 + + ¤@¥»¦³Ãö¨t²ÎºÞ²zªº¦n®Ñ¡G + + Evi Nemeth, Garth Snyder, Scott Seebass & Trent R. Hein, -``Unix System Administration Handbook'', Prentice-Hall, 1995 -ISBN: 0-13-151051-7 + ``Unix System Administration Handbook'', Prentice-Hall, 1995 + ISBN: 0-13-151051-7 + + NOTE ½Ð½T»{±z¶R¨ìªºªº½T¬O²Ä¤Gª©¡A¥¦¬O¬õ¦â®Ñ¥Öªº¡A²Ä¤@ª©ªº¤£¬O¡C -³o¥»®Ñ²[»\¤F¤@¨Ç°ò¦ªºªF¦è¡A¥]¬A TCP/IP¡ADNS¡ANFS¡ASLIP/PPP¡A -sendmail¡AINN/NNTP¡Aprinting¡Aµ¥¡C³o¥»®ÑÆZ¶Qªº (¤j¬ù -US$45-$55) ¡A¤£¹L¥¦ªº½T¦³³o­Ó»ù­È¡C¥¦¤]ªþ¤F¤@¤ù¤º§t¤@¨Ç -¤u¨ãµ{¦¡­ì©l½Xªº CDROM¡F¤j³¡¥÷ªºªF¦è¦b FreeBSD 2.2.6R ªº CDROM ¸Ì¤]¦³ ( -³q±` FreeBSD CDROM ¸Ìªº¬O¤ñ¸û·sª©ªº) ¡C + - +³o¥»®Ñ²[»\¤F¤@¨Ç°ò¦ªºªF¦è¡A¥]¬A TCP/IP¡ADNS¡ANFS¡ASLIP/PPP¡A + sendmail¡AINN/NNTP¡Aprinting¡Aµ¥¡C³o¥»®ÑÆZ¶Qªº (¤j¬ù + US$45-$55) ¡A¤£¹L¥¦ªº½T¦³³o­Ó»ù­È¡C¥¦¤]ªþ¤F¤@¤ù¤º§t¤@¨Ç + ¤u¨ãµ{¦¡­ì©l½Xªº CDROM¡F¤j³¡¥÷ªºªF¦è¦b FreeBSD 2.2.6R ªº CDROM ¸Ì¤]¦³ ( + ³q±` FreeBSD CDROM ¸Ìªº¬O¤ñ¸û·sª©ªº) ¡C + + + + - -§Ú­n¦p¦ó¥h¦s¨ú±z­Ìªº¿ù»~¦^³ø¸ê®Æ®w©O¡H + +§Ú­n¦p¦ó¥h¦s¨ú±z­Ìªº¿ù»~¦^³ø¸ê®Æ®w©O¡H ©Ò¦³¨Ï¥ÎªÌ open ªºÅܧó­n¨D³£¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ§Ú­Ì web ¬É­±ªº PR -submission ¤Î -query -¨Ó¬d¸ß (©Î¬O¦^³ø) §Ú­Ìªº¿ù»~¦^³ø¸ê®Æ®w¡Csend-pr(1) ³o­Ó«ü¥O¤] -¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ¹q¤l¶l¥ó¨Ó¦^³ø¿ù»~©Î¬O­n¨DÅܧó¡C + submission ¤Î + query + ¨Ó¬d¸ß (©Î¬O¦^³ø) §Ú­Ìªº¿ù»~¦^³ø¸ê®Æ®w¡Csend-pr(1) ³o­Ó«ü¥O¤] + ¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ¹q¤l¶l¥ó¨Ó¦^³ø¿ù»~©Î¬O­n¨DÅܧó¡C - 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+ South Africa ftp://ftp.internat.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD -ftp://storm.sea.uct.ac.za/pub/FreeBSD + ftp://storm.sea.uct.ac.za/pub/FreeBSD - + @@ -1338,7 +1630,7 @@ David Burren ftp://ftp.iqm.unicamp.br/pub/FreeBSD - + @@ -1346,57 +1638,72 @@ David Burren Finland -ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/unix/FreeBSD/eurocrypt +ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/unix/FreeBSD/eurocrypt + + + «D US ªº securedist ¥i¥H·í­­¨î©Ê US securedist ªº§¹¥þ´À¥N¡C³o­Ó securedist package ¦w¸Ë¤èªk¸ò US package §¹¥þ¤@¼Ë(²Ó¸`½Ð°Ñ¦Ò¦w¸Ë¶·ª¾)¡C¦pªG§A­n¸Ë DES ¥[±Kªk §AÀ³¸Ó¾¨¥i¯à¦a¦b¦w¸Ë¨ä¥L³nÅ餧«e¥ý¸Ë¦n¥¦¡A¦A¸Ë¨ä¥L³nÅé¡C + + «D US ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ½Ð¤Å±q USA ¤U¸ü¥ô¦ó¥[±K³nÅé¡C³o·|¾É­P¯¸¥xªººÞ²z ªÌ¦]¬°³Q¤U¸üªº³nÅé·S¤W¼Æ­Óªk«ß©Êªº§xÃø¡C + + ¤@­Ó«D US ªº Kerberos distribution ¥ç¥¿¦bµo®i¤¤¡A²{¦æª©¥»³q ±`¥i¥Ñ°Î¦W FTP braae.ru.ac.za ¨ÓÀò±o¡C + + ¤]¦³¤@­Ó ±Mªù¥Î¨Ó°Q½× «D US ¥[±K³nÅé¡C±ýÀò±o§ó¦h¸ê°T¡A±H¤@«Ê¤º§t³æ¿W¤@¦æ°T®§»¡ ``help'' ªº email µ¹¡G -<majordomo@braae.ru.ac.za>. + <majordomo@braae.ru.ac.za>. - + + + - - ±Ò°Ê³nºÐ¶}©lŪ¤F¥i¬O«o°±¦b``Probing Devices...''¿Ã¹õ¡C - + + ±Ò°Ê³nºÐ¶}©lŪ¤F¥i¬O«o°±¦b``Probing Devices...''¿Ã¹õ¡C + ¦pªG§A¦w¸Ë¤F IDE Zip ©Î Jaz ¸Ë¸m¡A²¾°£¥¦¨Ã­«·s¸Õ¤@¹M¡C ±Ò°Ê³nºÐ¤ù¥i¯à·|³Q³o¨Ç¸Ë¸m²V²c¤F¡C·í¨t²Î¦w¸Ë¦n¥H«á§A¥i¥H¦A §â¥¦±µ¦^¨Ó¡C§Æ±æ³o¦b¤§«áªº release ª©¥»¥i¥H³Q­×¥¿¡C - + + + - -·í§Ú¦w¸Ë¦n­«·s±Ò°Ê¨t²Î«á¡A§Ú¬Ý¨ì``panic: cant mount root'' ªº¿ù»~°T®§¡C - + +·í§Ú¦w¸Ë¦n­«·s±Ò°Ê¨t²Î«á¡A§Ú¬Ý¨ì``panic: cant mount root'' ªº¿ù»~°T®§¡C + ³o­Ó¿ù»~¬O¦]¬°±Ò°Ê°Ï¶ô¸ò®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡¹ïºÏºÐ¸Ë¸mªº»{ª¾¤£¬Û¦P¡C³q±`³o­Ó ¿ù»~·|¥X²{¦bÂùºÏºÐªº IDE ¨t²Î¡AµwºÐ©ñ¦b master¡A©Î¬O¦b¤ÀÂ÷ªº IDE ±±¨î¾¹¤W¥u¦³³æ¤@ºÏºÐ¾÷¡A¦ý¬O FreeBSD ¸Ë¦b secondary IDE ¤W -¡C·í®Ö¤ß«ü©w²Ä¤G­ÓºÏºÐ±±¨î¾¹ªº²Ä¤@­ÓºÏºÐ¾÷ wd2 ®É¡A±Ò°Ê block -«o»{¬°¨t²Î¸Ë¦b wd1(²Ä¤G­Ó BIOS ºÏºÐ¾÷)¡C°»´ú§¹¸Ë¸m«á¡A®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡ -¸ÕµÛ§â±Ò°Ê block »{¬°ªº±Ò°ÊºÏºÐ(wd1) mount °_¨Ó¡A¨Æ¹ê¤W«o¬O wd2 -¡A©Ò¥H¥¢±Ñ¤F¡C + ¡C·í®Ö¤ß«ü©w²Ä¤G­ÓºÏºÐ±±¨î¾¹ªº²Ä¤@­ÓºÏºÐ¾÷ wd2 ®É¡A±Ò°Ê block + «o»{¬°¨t²Î¸Ë¦b wd1(²Ä¤G­Ó BIOS ºÏºÐ¾÷)¡C°»´ú§¹¸Ë¸m«á¡A®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡ + ¸ÕµÛ§â±Ò°Ê block »{¬°ªº±Ò°ÊºÏºÐ(wd1) mount °_¨Ó¡A¨Æ¹ê¤W«o¬O wd2 + ¡A©Ò¥H¥¢±Ñ¤F¡C + + ­n­×¥¿³o­Ó°ÝÃD¡A¥H¤U´XºØ¤èªk¤§¤@³£¥i¥H¸Ñ¨M¡G - + @@ -1404,12 +1711,14 @@ IDE µM«á«ö Enter¡C¦pªG¨t²Î¶}©l¤F¡A´N°õ¦æ¥H¤U©R¥O¡G echo "1:wd(2,a)kernel" > /boot.config -Åý¥¦Åܦ¨¤º©wªº boot string¡C + Åý¥¦Åܦ¨¤º©wªº boot string¡C + §â FreeBSD ºÏºÐ¾÷²¾¨ì primary IDE controller¡A¦]¦¹µwºÐ¾÷¬O -³sÄòªº¡C +³sÄòªº¡C + @@ -1426,34 +1735,41 @@ disk wd2 at wdc1 drive 1 # change from wd3 to wd2 ¦w¸Ë·sªº®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡¡C ¦pªG§A²¾°Ê§AªººÏºÐ¾÷¡A¨Ã§Æ±æ§â¥ý«eªº³]©w«ì´_¡A¥u­n§âºÏºÐ¥Î¹w´Á -ªº³]©w¸m´«¦^¨ÓµM«á­«·s¶}¾÷¡C§Aªº¨t²ÎÀ³¸Ó´N¯à¦¨¥\ªº±Ò°Ê¡C +ªº³]©w¸m´«¦^¨ÓµM«á­«·s¶}¾÷¡C§Aªº¨t²ÎÀ³¸Ó´N¯à¦¨¥\ªº±Ò°Ê¡C + - + + + - -°O¾ÐÅ骺­­¨î¬O¤°»ò¡S + +°O¾ÐÅ骺­­¨î¬O¤°»ò¡S ¹ï°O¾ÐÅé¨Ó»¡¡A(²z½×¤W)­­¨î¬O 4 gigabytes¡C1 gigabytes ¤w³Q´ú¸Õ ¹L¡F¤@¯ë§A¤£¥i¯à¶R¨ì¥i¥H¤ä´©¶W¹L³o­Ó¼Æ¥Øªº i386 PC¡C - + + + - -ffs Àɮרt²Îªº­­¨î¬O¤°»ò¡S + +ffs Àɮרt²Îªº­­¨î¬O¤°»ò¡S ¹ï ffs filesystems ¦Ó¨¥¡A³Ì¤j²z½×­È­­¨î¦b 8 terabytes(2G blocks )¡A©Î·í¨Ï¥Î¤º©w 8K block ¤j¤p®É¡A­­¨î¬O 16TB¡CÁÙ¦³¡A³nÅé­­¨î¬O 1 terabytes¡A¦ý¦pªG¬O¸g¹L­×§ïªºÀɮרt²Î¤W 4 terabytes ¬O¥i¯à(¨Ã ¥B¦s¦b)ªº¡C + + ³æ¤@ ffs Àɮתº¤j¤p³Ì¤j¬OÁͪñ 1G blocks(4TB) - °²¦p block ¤j¤p¬O 4K¡C - + maxfilesize ---------------------------------- 2.2.7 3.0 @@ -1467,6 +1783,8 @@ fs block size -stable -current works should-work + + ·í fs block ¤j¤p¬O 4K¡Atriple indirect block ¹B§@¨Ã¥B©Ò¦³ªº¨Æ±¡ ³£À³¸Ó¥Hªí¥Ü¦¨¨Ï¥Î triple indirect block ªº³Ì¤j fs block ¨Ó§@­­ ¨î(ªñ¦ü©ó 1K^3 + 1K^2 + 1K)¡A¦ý¦b fs block ¼Æ¥Ø¤W«o¦³¤@­Ó(¿ù»~) @@ -1474,6 +1792,8 @@ fs block size -stable -current works should-work ¼Æ¥Ø±µªñ 2G-1 ®É¦³ÂI¿ù»~¡A¦ý·í fs block ¤j¤p¬O 4K ®É³o­Ó block ¼Æ¥Ø¬O¤£¯à¹F¨ìªº¡C + + block ¤j¤p¦pªG¬O 8K ©Î§ó¤j¡Afs block ¼Æ¥ØÀ³¸Ó­­¨î¦b 2G-1¡A¦ý¹ê »Ú fs block ¼Æ¥Ø«o­­¨î¦b 1G-1¡A°£¤F¦b -stable ®É triple indirect blocks ¬OµLªk¹F¨ìªº¡A©Ò¥H³Ì¦h fs block ¼Æ¥Øªº­­¨î¥i¥Hªí¥Ü¦¨¥Î @@ -1481,15 +1801,19 @@ double indirect blocks( ¡A¥B¦b -current ¤U¶W¹L³o­Ó­­¨î¥i¯à·|¾É­P°ÝÃD²£¥Í¡C¨Ï¥Î¥¿½Tªº 2G-1 block ­­¨îªº½T·|¾É­P°ÝÃDµo¥Í¡C - + + + - -§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò¦b³nºÐ¤W©ñ¤J 1TB ÀɮסH + +§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò¦b³nºÐ¤W©ñ¤J 1TB ÀɮסH §Ú¦Û¤v´N¦b³nºÐ¤ù¤W©ñ¦n´X­Ó :-)¡CÀɮתº³Ì¤j®e¶q¨Æ¹ê¤W¸òºÏºÐ³Ì¤j -ªº®e¶q¨Ã¨S¦³±K¤Á¬ÛÃö¡CºÏºÐªº³Ì¤j®e¶q¬O 1TB¡A³o¬O¤@­ÓÀɮפj¤p¥i + ªº®e¶q¨Ã¨S¦³±K¤Á¬ÛÃö¡CºÏºÐªº³Ì¤j®e¶q¬O 1TB¡A³o¬O¤@­ÓÀɮפj¤p¥i ¥H¶W¹LºÏºÐ®e¶qªº¤@­Ó¯S¦â¡C + + ¥H¤U½d¨Ò·|¦b¤@­Ó¨Ï¥Î¾ã­Ó 32K ªÅ¶¡³o¼Ë¤pªº root partition ºÏºÐ ¤W«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó¤j¤p¬O 8T-1 ªºÀÉ®×(3 indirect blocks and 1 data block )¡Cdd «ü¥O»Ý­nÅý dd ¯à¦b¤@­Ó¤jÀɮפU°õ¦æ¡C @@ -1516,18 +1840,22 @@ ttyv0:bde@alphplex:/tmp/q> exit Bruce Evans, September 1998 - + + + - -¦b±Ò°Ê·sªº kernel ®É¡A¬Ý¨ì "archsw.readin.faild" ³o­Ó¿ù»~°T®§ - + +¦b±Ò°Ê·sªº kernel ®É¡A¬Ý¨ì "archsw.readin.faild" ³o­Ó¿ù»~°T®§ + ¦b±Ò°Ê loader ¤§«e·|¬Ý¨ì "|" ³o­Ó²Å¸¹¦bÂà¡A³o®É¥i¥H«ö¥ô¦óÁ䤤Â_¡AµM -«á¦A«ü©w­n¸ü¤J¨º­Ó kernel¡C¥J²Ó¨Ó»¡¡A§A¤w¸g§ó·s kernel ªº­ì©l½X¡B¤]¥Î¥¦ -°µ¤F·sªº kernel¡A¦ý«o *¨S¦³­«·s make world*¡C§Ú­Ì¤£¤ä´©³o»ò°µ¡A½Ð¥ý -make world¡A¦A§ó·s kernel¡C + «á¦A«ü©w­n¸ü¤J¨º­Ó kernel¡C¥J²Ó¨Ó»¡¡A§A¤w¸g§ó·s kernel ªº­ì©l½X¡B¤]¥Î¥¦ + °µ¤F·sªº kernel¡A¦ý«o *¨S¦³­«·s make world*¡C§Ú­Ì¤£¤ä´©³o»ò°µ¡A½Ð¥ý + make world¡A¦A§ó·s kernel¡C - + + + µwÅ骺¬Û®e©Ê - -FreeBSD ¤ä´©­þ¨ÇµwºÐªº¤¶­±¡H + +FreeBSD ¤ä´©­þ¨ÇµwºÐªº¤¶­±¡H FreeBSD ¤ä´© EIDE ¤Î SCSI ¶gÃä (¦³µÛ¬Û®eªº controller¡F -½Ð°Ñ¦Ò¤U¤@¬q)¡A¥H¤Î¨Ï¥Î¡uWestern Digital¡v¤¶­±ªº¶gÃä (MEM¡B -¡BRLL¡BESDI¡A·íµM¡AIDE ¤]¦b¥]¬A¤º)¡C¦ý¤Ö¼Æ¨Ï¥Î±M¦³ªº ESDI -ªº¤¶­±µLªk¹B§@¡G¹³¬O WD1002/3/6/7 ¤¶­±µ¥µ¥¡C + ½Ð°Ñ¦Ò¤U¤@¬q)¡A¥H¤Î¨Ï¥Î¡uWestern Digital¡v¤¶­±ªº¶gÃä (MEM¡B + ¡BRLL¡BESDI¡A·íµM¡AIDE ¤]¦b¥]¬A¤º)¡C¦ý¤Ö¼Æ¨Ï¥Î±M¦³ªº ESDI + ªº¤¶­±µLªk¹B§@¡G¹³¬O WD1002/3/6/7 ¤¶­±µ¥µ¥¡C - + + + - -­þ¤@¨Ç SCSI ¥d¦³³Q¤ä´©¡H + +­þ¤@¨Ç SCSI ¥d¦³³Q¤ä´©¡H ¦b Handbook ¸Ì¦³§¹¾ãªº¸ê®Æ¡C - + + + - -­þ¤@¨Ç CD-ROM ³Q FreeBSD ©Ò¤ä´©¡H + +­þ¤@¨Ç CD-ROM ³Q FreeBSD ©Ò¤ä´©¡H ­º¥ý¡A¥ô¦ó±µ¦b SCSI ¤¶­±¤Wªº CDROM ³£¦³³Q FreeBSD ©Ò¤ä´©¡C + + ¨ä¦¸¡A¤U­±©Ò¦Cªº CD-ROM ¤]³£¦³³Q¤ä´©¡G - + -Mitsumi LU002 (8bit), LU005 (16bit) ¤Î FX001D (16bit ¨â­¿³t)¡C +Mitsumi LU002 (8bit), LU005 (16bit) ¤Î FX001D (16bit ¨â­¿³t)¡C + -Sony CDU 31/33A +Sony CDU 31/33A + -±µ¦b Sound Blaster ¤W«D SCSI ¤¶­±ªº CD-ROM +±µ¦b Sound Blaster ¤W«D SCSI ¤¶­±ªº CD-ROM + -Matsushita/Panasonic CD-ROM +Matsushita/Panasonic CD-ROM + -¬Û®e©ó ATAPI IDE ¤¶­±ªº CD-ROM +¬Û®e©ó ATAPI IDE ¤¶­±ªº CD-ROM + + + ¤w¸gª¾¹D«D SCSI ªº¶gÃä³]³Æ·|¤ñ SCSI ªººC«Ü¦h¡A¥t¥~¡A¦³¤@¨Ç ATAPI -CDROM (³o¤]´N¬O»¡«D SCSI ªº CDROM) ¥i¯àµLªk¹B§@¡C + CDROM (³o¤]´N¬O»¡«D SCSI ªº CDROM) ¥i¯àµLªk¹B§@¡C + + ¹ï¤F¡A2.2 ª©ªº FreeBSD CDROM (¥Ñ Walnut Creek ¾ã²zªº) ¤ä´©¥úºÐ¶}¾÷¡C - + + + - -FreeBSD ¤ä´© ZIP ¶Ü¡H + +FreeBSD ¤ä´© ZIP ¶Ü¡H FreeBSD ·íµM¤ä´© SCSI ZIP¡C¦ý¬O ZIP ¥u¯à°÷³Q³]©w¦b SCSI ID 5 ©Î¬O 6 -¡C¦ý¦pªG SCSI ¥d¤Wªº BIOS ¤ä´©¥¦¡A§A¬Æ¦Ü¥i¥H¥Î¥¦¨Ó¶}¾÷¡C§Ú­Ì¤£¾å±o­þ¤@ -¶ô¥d¥i¥HÅý§A§â¥dªº ID ³]¦b°£¤F 0 ©Î 1 ¥H¥~ªº¦a¤è¶}¾÷... ¬Ý¬Ý§Aªº»¡©ú¤â -¥U (ªG§A¦¨¥\ªº¸Ü¡A¤]½Ð§AÅý§Ú­Ìª¾¹D) + ¡C¦ý¦pªG SCSI ¥d¤Wªº BIOS ¤ä´©¥¦¡A§A¬Æ¦Ü¥i¥H¥Î¥¦¨Ó¶}¾÷¡C§Ú­Ì¤£¾å±o­þ¤@ + ¶ô¥d¥i¥HÅý§A§â¥dªº ID ³]¦b°£¤F 0 ©Î 1 ¥H¥~ªº¦a¤è¶}¾÷... ¬Ý¬Ý§Aªº»¡©ú¤â + ¥U (ªG§A¦¨¥\ªº¸Ü¡A¤]½Ð§AÅý§Ú­Ìª¾¹D) + + ATAPI (¤]´N¬O IDE ¤¶­±) ZIP ¤w¸g¦b FreeBSD 2.2.6 ¤Î¥H«áªºª©¥»³Q¤ä´©¤F¡C + + FreeBSD ±q 3.0 ¶}©l¤]¤ä´© Parallel Port Zip¡C¦pªG§A¥Îªºª©¥»°÷·sªº -¸Ü¡A¥ýÀˬd kernel ³]©wÀɤ¤¬O§_¦³ scbus0¡Bda0¡B -ppbus0 ©M vp0 ³o´X­ÓÅX°Êµ{¦¡¡]Generic kernel ³]©wÀÉ -¤¤°£¤F vp0 ¤§¥~³£¦³¡^¡C¥[¤F³o´X­ÓÅX°Êµ{¦¡¤§«á¡AParallel Port Zip ´N¥i -¥H·í§@ /dev/da0s4¡A¬Ý¬O¥Î mount /dev/da0s4 /mnt¡B©Î¬O¡]DOS -ºÏ¤ù¡ + ¸Ü¡A¥ýÀˬd kernel ³]©wÀɤ¤¬O§_¦³ scbus0¡Bda0¡B + ppbus0 ©M vp0 ³o´X­ÓÅX°Êµ{¦¡¡]Generic kernel ³]©wÀÉ + ¤¤°£¤F vp0 ¤§¥~³£¦³¡^¡C¥[¤F³o´X­ÓÅX°Êµ{¦¡¤§«á¡AParallel Port Zip ´N¥i + ¥H·í§@ /dev/da0s4¡A¬Ý¬O¥Î mount /dev/da0s4 /mnt¡B©Î¬O¡]DOS + ºÏ¤ù¡ mount_msdos /dev/da0s4 /mnt ¨ÓŪ¼g¡C -¤]¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò¡A -¤Î¡C + - 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+ + Development kit with uil, mrm, xm, xmcxx, include and Imake -files. - + files. + + Static and dynamic libraries¡]µ¹ FreeBSD 2.2.8 ©M§ó¦­ª©¥»¥Îªº¡^ - + + Demonstration applets. - + + -Preformatted man pages. +Preformatted man pages. + -¦b§A¸ò¥L­Ì­qÁÊ Motif ®É¡A½Ð¤@©wµù©ú§A­nªº¬O FreeBSD ªºª©¥»¡I -¦]¬° Xi Graphics ¤]¦P®É´£¨Ñ¤F BSDI ¸ò Linux ª©¥»ªº Motif¡C -¥Ø«eµo¦æªºª©¥»¬O©ñ¦b¥|¶ôºÏ¤ù¤¤¡A±N¨Ó¥L­Ì·|±N©Ò¦³ªºªF¦è³£©ñ¨ì¥úºÐ¸Ì¡A -´N¹³¥L­Ì©Òµo¦æªº CDE ¤@¼Ë¡C + - +¦b§A¸ò¥L­Ì­qÁÊ Motif ®É¡A½Ð¤@©wµù©ú§A­nªº¬O FreeBSD ªºª©¥»¡I + ¦]¬° Xi Graphics ¤]¦P®É´£¨Ñ¤F BSDI ¸ò Linux ª©¥»ªº Motif¡C + ¥Ø«eµo¦æªºª©¥»¬O©ñ¦b¥|¶ôºÏ¤ù¤¤¡A±N¨Ó¥L­Ì·|±N©Ò¦³ªºªF¦è³£©ñ¨ì¥úºÐ¸Ì¡A + ´N¹³¥L­Ì©Òµo¦æªº CDE ¤@¼Ë¡C + + + + - -§Ú¥i¥H¦b­þÃä§ä¨ìµ¹ FreeBSD ¥Îªº CDE¡H + +§Ú¥i¥H¦b­þÃä§ä¨ìµ¹ FreeBSD ¥Îªº CDE¡H ¥H«e¦³½æ FreeBSD ¥Îªº CDE¡A¦ý¥L -­Ì²{¦b¤£°µ¤F¡C + ­Ì²{¦b¤£°µ¤F¡C + + KDE ¬O¥t¤@­Ó­ì©l½X¤½¶}ªº -X11 ®à­±µ{¦¡¡A¦³«Ü¦h¦a¤è©M CDE ¬Û·íÃþ¦ü¡C + X11 ®à­±µ{¦¡¡A¦³«Ü¦h¦a¤è©M CDE ¬Û·íÃþ¦ü¡C - + + + - - ¦³¨S¦³­n¿ú¡A¦ý¬O°ª®Ä²vªº X servers¡H - + + ¦³¨S¦³­n¿ú¡A¦ý¬O°ª®Ä²vªº X servers¡H + ¦³¡AXi Graphics ©M Metro Link ³£¦³´£¨Ñµ¹ -FreeBSD¡]©Î¨ä¥L Intel ¥­¥x¤W¡^¥Îªº X µøµ¡¥[³t²£«~¡C + FreeBSD¡]©Î¨ä¥L Intel ¥­¥x¤W¡^¥Îªº X µøµ¡¥[³t²£«~¡C + + Metro Link ´£¨Ñªº°ª®Ä¯à X Server ¨Ï¥Î¤F FreeBSD ¤ºªº package ¾ã®M¤u -¨ã¡A¦]¦¹³]©w¤Q¤À®e©ö¡A¤ä´©¥Ø«e¥«­±¤W¦U¤j¼tµPªºÅã¥Ü¥d¡C¥u¦³ binary ÀɮסA -¥i¥H±q FTP ¯¸¬Û·í¤è«K¦aª½±µ¤U¸ü¡A§ó¤£¥Î»¡ Metro Link ³o®M²£«~ªº»ù®æ¬O -«D±`¦X²zªº $39¡C - + ¨ã¡A¦]¦¹³]©w¤Q¤À®e©ö¡A¤ä´©¥Ø«e¥«­±¤W¦U¤j¼tµPªºÅã¥Ü¥d¡C¥u¦³ binary ÀɮסA + ¥i¥H±q FTP ¯¸¬Û·í¤è«K¦aª½±µ¤U¸ü¡A§ó¤£¥Î»¡ Metro Link ³o®M²£«~ªº»ù®æ¬O + «D±`¦X²zªº $39¡C + + + Metro Link ¤]¦³´£¨Ñ FreeBSD ¤Wªº ELF ©M a.out Motif¡]©¹¤W­±¬Ý¬Ý¡^¡C - + §ó¦hªº¸ê°T Metro Link WWW ­º­¶ - + @@ -2653,9 +3266,9 @@ FreeBSD Sales ©Î -Support email «H½c + Support email «H½c - + @@ -2663,31 +3276,38 @@ FreeBSD ©Î -¹q¸Ü (954) 938-0283 or +1 954 938-0283 +¹q¸Ü (954) 938-0283 or +1 954 938-0283 + + + Xi Graphics ©Ò´£¨Ñªº°ª®Ä¯à X Server ¦³«D±`²³æªº³]©w¤è¦¡¡A¨Ã¥B¤ä´© -¤F¥Ø«e¥«­±¤W·í¬õªº¦U¤j¼tµPªºÅã¥Ü¥d¡C¥¦¥uµ¹§A Binary ÀɮסA¬O¥ÎºÏ¤ùªº¤è -¦¡µo¦æ¡AFreeBSD ¸ò Linux ª©¥»³£¬Û¦P¡CXi Graphics ¦P®É¤]´£¨Ñ¤F±Mªùµ¹ -laptop ¥Îªº°ª®Ä¯à X Server¡C - 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+ + -http://www.lf.net/lf/pi/oracle/install-linux-oracle-on-freebsd +http://www.lf.net/lf/pi/oracle/install-linux-oracle-on-freebsd + - + + + ¤@¯ëÀ³¥Îµ{¦¡ - -¶â¡C§Ú­n¦b­þ§ä¨ì§Ú­nªºµ{¦¡£°? + +¶â¡C§Ú­n¦b­þ§ä¨ì§Ú­nªºµ{¦¡£°? ½Ð¬Ý¬Ý ports ¥Ø¿ý §a¡C -³oÃ䦳¥÷¤w¸g port ¨ì FreeBSD ªº³nÅé¦Cªí¡C¥Ø«e¦³¶W¹L 1800 ­Ó³nÅé¤w¸g³Q -port ¨ì FreeBSD ¤W¡A¨Ã¥B¨C¤Ñ³£¦b¼W¥[¤¤¡C©Ò¥H¦³ªÅ´N¦h¬Ý¬Ý³o¥÷¦Cªí¡A -¤£µM§A¤]¥i¥H­q¾\ freebsd-announce - ³o¥÷ mailing list¡A·|¦³¤H±N -¨C­Ó¬P´Á³Ì·sªº³nÅé¦Cªí¶K¦b¤W­±¡C + ³oÃ䦳¥÷¤w¸g port ¨ì FreeBSD ªº³nÅé¦Cªí¡C¥Ø«e¦³¶W¹L 1800 ­Ó³nÅé¤w¸g³Q + port ¨ì FreeBSD ¤W¡A¨Ã¥B¨C¤Ñ³£¦b¼W¥[¤¤¡C©Ò¥H¦³ªÅ´N¦h¬Ý¬Ý³o¥÷¦Cªí¡A + ¤£µM§A¤]¥i¥H­q¾\ freebsd-announce + ³o¥÷ mailing list¡A·|¦³¤H±N + ¨C­Ó¬P´Á³Ì·sªº³nÅé¦Cªí¶K¦b¤W­±¡C + + ¤j³¡¥÷ªº ports À³¸Ó³£¥i¥H¦b 2.2¡A3.0 ¸ò 4.0 ªº¨t²Î¤W¨Ï¥Î¡A -¨Ã¥BÁÙ¦³³¡¥÷ªº ports ¥i¥H¦b 2.1.x ªº¨t²Î¤W¹B§@¡C -¨C¦¸·í FreeBSD release ®É¡A³£·|¦³¤@¥÷ ports tree ³Q©ñ¦b³o¤@­Ó -release cd ¸Ì­±ªº ports/ ¥Ø¿ý¸Ì¡C + ¨Ã¥BÁÙ¦³³¡¥÷ªº ports ¥i¥H¦b 2.1.x ªº¨t²Î¤W¹B§@¡C + ¨C¦¸·í FreeBSD release ®É¡A³£·|¦³¤@¥÷ ports tree ³Q©ñ¦b³o¤@­Ó + release cd ¸Ì­±ªº ports/ ¥Ø¿ý¸Ì¡C + + §Ú­Ì¤]¤ä´©¤@ºØ¥s ``package'' ªº·§©À¡A°ò¥»¤W´N¬O gzip À£ÁY¡B¥i¥Î -¨Óµo¦æªº binary ÀɮסA¦ý¬O¸Ì­±ÂäF¤@¨Ç¬Û·í¦³¥Îªº¸ê°T¡A¥i¥Hµ¹¦UºØ¦Û -­q¦w¸Ë¨Ó¨Ï¥Î¡C¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¤£¥²ª¾¹D¬Y­Ó package ¸Ì¨s³º¦³¥]¬A¨º¨ÇÀɮסA´N¥i -¥H«Ü¤è«K¦a­«½Æ±N¥¦¦w¸Ë/¤Ï¦w¸Ë¡C + ¨Óµo¦æªº binary ÀɮסA¦ý¬O¸Ì­±ÂäF¤@¨Ç¬Û·í¦³¥Îªº¸ê°T¡A¥i¥Hµ¹¦UºØ¦Û + ­q¦w¸Ë¨Ó¨Ï¥Î¡C¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¤£¥²ª¾¹D¬Y­Ó package ¸Ì¨s³º¦³¥]¬A¨º¨ÇÀɮסA´N¥i + ¥H«Ü¤è«K¦a­«½Æ±N¥¦¦w¸Ë/¤Ï¦w¸Ë¡C + + §A¥i¥H°õ¦æ /stand/sysinstall «á¡A¦b post-configuration -¿ï³æ¤U¿ï¾Ü package ³o­Ó¦w¸Ë¿ï¶µ¡F©Î¬O¹ï¬Y­Ó¦³¿³½ìªº package ÀÉ®×°õ -¦æ pkg_add(1)¡A§â¥¦¸Ë°_¨Ó¡CPackage Àɮ׳q±`¥H .tgz -§@¬°©µ¦ùÀɦW¡A¤â¤W¦³ FreeBSD CDROM ªº¤H¥i¥H¦b packages/All -³o­Ó¥Ø¿ý¤U§ä¨ì³oÃþÀɮסC¹ï¤£¦Pªº FreeBSD ª©¥»¡A¤]¥i¥H±q¤U¦C¦ì§}¥Ñºô -¸ô¤W¨ú±o¡G + ¿ï³æ¤U¿ï¾Ü package ³o­Ó¦w¸Ë¿ï¶µ¡F©Î¬O¹ï¬Y­Ó¦³¿³½ìªº package ÀÉ®×°õ + ¦æ pkg_add(1)¡A§â¥¦¸Ë°_¨Ó¡CPackage Àɮ׳q±`¥H .tgz + §@¬°©µ¦ùÀɦW¡A¤â¤W¦³ FreeBSD CDROM ªº¤H¥i¥H¦b packages/All + ³o­Ó¥Ø¿ý¤U§ä¨ì³oÃþÀɮסC¹ï¤£¦Pªº FreeBSD ª©¥»¡A¤]¥i¥H±q¤U¦C¦ì§}¥Ñºô + ¸ô¤W¨ú±o¡G - 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+ # # Multiport high-speed serial line - 16550 UARTS # @@ -2973,15 +3646,17 @@ port - + + + - -§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò±Ò°Ê QIC-40/80 ªº¤ä´©¡H + +§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò±Ò°Ê QIC-40/80 ªº¤ä´©¡H §A»Ý­n¦b generic config Àɤ¤§â¥H¤U³o¦æªºµù¸Ñ¨ú®ø(©Î¬O§â¥¦¥[¨ì§Aªº ³]©wÀÉ)¡A¦bfdc³o¦æ¥[¤J``flags 0x1''µM«á­«·s½sĶ®Ö¤ß¡C - + controller fdc0 at isa? port "IO_FD1" bio irq 6 drq 2 flags 0x1 vector fdintr disk fd0 at fdc0 drive 0 ^^^^^^^^^ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1 @@ -2990,25 +3665,35 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1 -±µµÛ¡A§A¥i¥H¦b/dev°õ¦æ¥H¤U©R¥O, «Ø¥ß¤@­Ó¥s/dev/ft0 -ªº¸Ë¸m¡G + - +±µµÛ¡A§A¥i¥H¦b/dev°õ¦æ¥H¤U©R¥O, «Ø¥ß¤@­Ó¥s/dev/ft0 + ªº¸Ë¸m¡G + + sh ./MAKEDEV ft0 + + ¬Oµ¹²Ä¤@­Ó¸Ë¸m¨Ï¥Î¡C¦P²zft1¬O²Ä¤G­Ó¡A¥H¦¹Ãþ±À¡C + + §A±N·|¦³­Ó¥s/dev/ft0ªº¸Ë¸m¡A¥i¥H³z¹L¤@­Ó¯S®íªºµ{¦¡¥s ``ft''ªº¨ÓºÞ²z¥¦ - ½Ð¬Ýft ªº man page ¦³§ó¶i¤@¨B»¡©ú¡C + + ª©¥»¤ñ¦­ªº¨t²Î¦b³B²zÃaªººÏ±a´CÅé®É¦³¨Ç°ÝÃD¡A¦pªG§A ªºftºÏÀY¦³¤@ª½¦b¦P¤@­Ó¦a¤è¨Ó¦^²¾°Êªº°ÝÃD¡A¹Á¸Õ±q ¸Ìªº/usr/src/sbin/ft§ä¥X³Ì·sª©ªºft¨Ã¥B¸Õ¬Ý¬Ý¡C - + + + ¨t²ÎºÞ²z - -¨t²Î°_©l³]©wÀɦb­þ¡H + +¨t²Î°_©l³]©wÀɦb­þ¡H ±q 2.0.5R ¨ì 2.2.1R¡A¥D­nªº³]©wÀɬO /etc/sysconfig¡C -©Ò¦³ªº¿ï¶µ³£³Q«ü©w¦b³o­ÓÀÉ¡A¦Ó¨ä¥L¹³ /etc/rc -©M /etc/netstart ¥u¬O¤Þ¥Î¥¦¡C + ©Ò¦³ªº¿ï¶µ³£³Q«ü©w¦b³o­ÓÀÉ¡A¦Ó¨ä¥L¹³ /etc/rc + ©M /etc/netstart ¥u¬O¤Þ¥Î¥¦¡C + + Æ[¹î /etc/sysconfig ³o­ÓÀɨíץ¿¨ä­È¥H¾A¦X§Aªº¨t²Î¡C ³o­ÓÀɥεù¸Ñ¶ñº¡¥Hªí¥Ü¦ó³B¸Ó©ñ¸m¤°»ò³]©w¡C + + ¦b 2.2.1 ¥H«á¤Î 3.0 ¡A/etc/sysconfig §ó¦W¬°¤@­Ó§ó®e -©ö´y­zªºÀɦW¥s rc.conf + ©ö´y­zªºÀɦW¥s rc.conf ¡A¨Ã¥B»yªk²¤Æ¤F¨Ç¡C/etc/netstart ¥ç§ó¦W¬° -/etc/rc.network ¦]¦¹©Ò¦³ªºÀɮ׳£¥i¥H¥Î cp /usr/src/etc/rc* -/etc ¨Ó«þ¨©¡C + /etc/rc.network ¦]¦¹©Ò¦³ªºÀɮ׳£¥i¥H¥Î cp /usr/src/etc/rc* + /etc ¨Ó«þ¨©¡C + + /etc/rc.local ¥X²{¨Ã¥i¥H¥Î¨Ó±Ò°ÊÃB¥~ªº¥»¦aªA°È¹³¬O -INN + INN ©Î¬Y¨Ç¦Û­q¿ï¶µ¡C + + /etc/rc.serial ¥Î¨Óªì©l¤Æ§Ç¦C°ð(¹³¬OÂê©w°ðªº¯S©Êµ¥¡^¡C + + /etc/rc.i386 ¬O Intel ±M¥Î³]©w¡A¹³¬O iBCS2 ¼ÒÀÀ©Î¬O PC ¨t²Î¥D±±¥x³]©w¡C -¥Ñ 2.1.0R ¶}©l¡A§A¤]¥i¥H¦b /etc/sysconfig (©Î -/etc/rc.conf) ¸Ì«ü©w¤@­Ó¥Ø¿ý¾Ö¦³"¥»¦a"°_©lÀÉ¡G + - +¥Ñ 2.1.0R ¶}©l¡A§A¤]¥i¥H¦b /etc/sysconfig (©Î + /etc/rc.conf) ¸Ì«ü©w¤@­Ó¥Ø¿ý¾Ö¦³"¥»¦a"°_©lÀÉ¡G + + # Location of local startup files. local_startup=/usr/local/etc/rc.local.d + + ¨C­Ó¥H .sh µ²§ÀªºÀɱN¥H¦r¥À¶¶§Ç³Q°õ¦æ¡C -°²¦p§A·Q½T«O¬Y­Ó°õ¦æ¶¶§Ç¤S¤£·Q§ï©Ò¦³ªºÀɦW¡A§A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¤@­Ó²³æ -ªº¬[ºc¦p¤U¡A§Q¥Î¨Æ¥ý¦w±Æ¨ì¨C­ÓÀɦW«eªº¼Æ¦r¨Ó½T«O¶¶§Ç¡G + - +°²¦p§A·Q½T«O¬Y­Ó°õ¦æ¶¶§Ç¤S¤£·Q§ï©Ò¦³ªºÀɦW¡A§A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¤@­Ó²³æ + ªº¬[ºc¦p¤U¡A§Q¥Î¨Æ¥ý¦w±Æ¨ì¨C­ÓÀɦW«eªº¼Æ¦r¨Ó½T«O¶¶§Ç¡G + + 10news.sh 15httpd.sh 20ssh.sh -³o¥i¯à¬Ý°_¨Ó¦³ÂIÁà(©ÎÃþ¦ü SysV :-)) ¦ý¬O¥¦´£¨Ñ¤@­Ó²³æ¦Ó³W«ßªº -¬[ºcÅý¥»¦a¥[¤Jªº®M¥ó¤£¶·½s¿è /etc/rc.local ´N¯à­«·s±Æ -§Ç¡C³\¦hªº ports/packages °²³] /usr/local/etc/rc.d ¬O -¥»¦a°_©lªº¥Ø¿ý¡C + - +³o¥i¯à¬Ý°_¨Ó¦³ÂIÁà(©ÎÃþ¦ü SysV :-)) ¦ý¬O¥¦´£¨Ñ¤@­Ó²³æ¦Ó³W«ßªº + ¬[ºcÅý¥»¦a¥[¤Jªº®M¥ó¤£¶·½s¿è /etc/rc.local ´N¯à­«·s±Æ + §Ç¡C³\¦hªº ports/packages °²³] /usr/local/etc/rc.d ¬O + ¥»¦a°_©lªº¥Ø¿ý¡C + + + + - -§Ú¸Ó¦p¦ó²³æ¦a¥[¤J¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡S + +§Ú¸Ó¦p¦ó²³æ¦a¥[¤J¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡S ¨Ï¥Î adduser «ü¥O¡C¦pªG»Ý­n§ó½ÆÂøªº¨Ï¥Î¤è¦¡¡A½Ð¥Î pw ³o­Ó«ü¥O¡C + + ­n¦A¦¸²¾°£¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡A¨Ï¥Î rmuser «ü¥O¡C - 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+ + + - -§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò mount ¦¸­nªº DOS ¤À³Î°Ï¡S + +§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò mount ¦¸­nªº DOS ¤À³Î°Ï¡S ¦¸­n DOS ¤À³Î°Ï¬O¦b©Ò¦³¥D­n¤À³Î°Ï¤§«á³Q§ä¨ì¡AÁ|¨Ò¡A¦pªG§A¦³¤@­Ó -"E" ¤À³Î°Ï¦b²Ä¤G­Ó SCSI ¸Ë¸mªº²Ä¤G­Ó DOS ¤À³Î°Ï¡A§A»Ý­n¦b /dev ¤U -«Ø¥ß "slice 5" ªº¯S®íÀɮסAµM«á mount /dev/da1s5¡G + "E" ¤À³Î°Ï¦b²Ä¤G­Ó SCSI ¸Ë¸mªº²Ä¤G­Ó DOS ¤À³Î°Ï¡A§A»Ý­n¦b /dev ¤U + «Ø¥ß "slice 5" ªº¯S®íÀɮסAµM«á mount /dev/da1s5¡G - + # cd /dev # ./MAKEDEV sd1s5 # mount -t msdos /dev/da1s5 /dos/e - + + + - -§Ú¥i¥H¦b FreeBSD ¤U mount ¨ä¥L²§½è©ÊÀɮרt²Î¶Ü¡S + +§Ú¥i¥H¦b FreeBSD ¤U mount ¨ä¥L²§½è©ÊÀɮרt²Î¶Ü¡S Digital UNIX UFS ¥úºÐ¾÷¥i¥H¦b FreeBSD ¤Wª½±µ mount¡C±q Digital UNIX ©M¨ä¥L¤ä´© UFS ®æ¦¡ªº¨t²Î mount ºÏºÐ¤À³Î°Ï¥i¯à§ó ½ÆÂø¡A¥D­n²Ó¸`¬O¨Ì¿à§@·~¨t²ÎªººÏºÐ¤À³Îªk¡C + + Linux: 2.2 ¤Î¥H«áªºª©¥»¤ä´© ext2fs ¤À³Î°Ï¡A½Ð¬d¾\ -mount_ext2fs ¦³§ó¦h¸ê°T¡C + mount_ext2fs ¦³§ó¦h¸ê°T¡C NT: ¤w¸g¦³¤@­Ó FreeBSD ¤U¥i¥H¨Ï¥Îªº°ßŪ NTFS ÅX°Êµ{¦¡ ¦s¦b¡A§ó¦h¸ê°T§A¥i¥H¹î¬Ý Mark Ovens ¦b http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~markov/ntfs_install.html ªº«ü¾É¤¶²Ð¡C + + ¦pªG±z¯à´£¨Ñ¥ô¦ó³o­Ó¥DÃDªº¨ä¥L¸ê°T¡A§Ú­Ì·|«Ü·P¿E¡C - + + + - -§Ú¸Ó¦p¦ó¨Ï¥Î NT loader ¨Ó±Ò°Ê FreeBSD¡S + +§Ú¸Ó¦p¦ó¨Ï¥Î NT loader ¨Ó±Ò°Ê FreeBSD¡S ³Ì´¶¹Mªº·Qªk¬O§â§A­ì¥» FreeBSD root ¤À³Î°Ïªº²Ä¤@­ÓºÏ°Ï«þ¨©¨ì -DOS/NT ¤À³Î°Ï¸Ìªº¤@­ÓÀɮפº¡C°²³]§A©R¦W¥¦¬°¡G + DOS/NT ¤À³Î°Ï¸Ìªº¤@­ÓÀɮפº¡C°²³]§A©R¦W¥¦¬°¡G c:\bootsect.bsd (¥Ñ c:\bootsect.dos ±Â·N¦Ó¨Ó)¡A±µµÛ§A¥i¥H½s¿è c:\boot.ini Àɮפº®e¦p¤U¡G - + [boot loader] timeout=30 @@ -3213,58 +3956,76 @@ DOS/NT + + ¦¹µ{§Ç°²³] DOS¡ANT¡AFreeBSD¡A©Î¨ä¥L§@·~¨t²Î¤w¸g³Q¦w¸Ë¦b -¦P¤@­Ó ºÏºÐªº¦U¦Û¤À³Î°Ï¡C¥»¨Ò¤¤§Úªº DOS & NT ¬O¦b²Ä¤@ -­Ó¤À³Î°Ï¦Ó FreeBSD ¦b²Ä¤G­Ó¡C§Ú¤]§â FreeBSD ¦w¸Ë¦¨¥Ñ native + ¦P¤@­Ó ºÏºÐªº¦U¦Û¤À³Î°Ï¡C¥»¨Ò¤¤§Úªº DOS & NT ¬O¦b²Ä¤@ + ­Ó¤À³Î°Ï¦Ó FreeBSD ¦b²Ä¤G­Ó¡C§Ú¤]§â FreeBSD ¦w¸Ë¦¨¥Ñ native partition ±Ò°Ê¡A¦Ó¤£¬O ±qºÏºÐªº MBR¡C + + Mount ¤@­Ó DOS ®æ¦¡¤Æªº³nºÐ¡]°²¦p§A¤w¸gÂà´«¨ì NTFS¡^©Î FAT ¤À ³Î°Ï¨ì /mnt¡G - + dd if=/dev/rda0a of=/mnt/bootsect.bsd bs=512 count=1 -­«·s¶}¾÷¶i¤J DOS ©Î NT¡CNTFS ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ§â bootsect.bsd ¥H¤Î/©Î -bootsect.lnx ±q³nºÐ«þ¨©¨ì C:\¡C­×§ï boot.ini -ªºÄÝ©Ê(¦s¨ú³\¥i)¡G + - +­«·s¶}¾÷¶i¤J DOS ©Î NT¡CNTFS ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ§â bootsect.bsd ¥H¤Î/©Î + bootsect.lnx ±q³nºÐ«þ¨©¨ì C:\¡C­×§ï boot.ini + ªºÄÝ©Ê(¦s¨ú³\¥i)¡G + + attrib -s -r c:\boot.ini -½s¿è¨Ã±q¤W­z boot.ini ªº½d¨Ò¥[¤J¬ÛÃö¾A·íªº¶µ¥Ø¡A¦A§âÄݩʦ^´_ -¡G + - +½s¿è¨Ã±q¤W­z boot.ini ªº½d¨Ò¥[¤J¬ÛÃö¾A·íªº¶µ¥Ø¡A¦A§âÄݩʦ^´_ + ¡G + + attrib +r +s c:\boot.ini + + ¦pªG FreeBSD ¬O¥Ñ MBR ±Ò°Ê¡A¦b§A­«·s³]©w±q­þ­Ó native ¤À³Î°Ï±Ò°Ê«á ¡A¥Î DOS ªº ``fdisk'' ©R¥O¦^´_¥¦¡C - + + + - - §Ú¸Ó¦p¦ó¥Î LILO ±Ò°Ê FreeBSD ©M Linux¡S + + §Ú¸Ó¦p¦ó¥Î LILO ±Ò°Ê FreeBSD ©M Linux¡S ¦pªG§A¦b¦P¤@­ÓºÏºÐ¾÷¸Ì¦³ FreeBSD ©M Linux¡A¥u­n¸òÀH LILO ªº¦w -¸Ë«ü¥O¡A±q¤@­Ó«D Linux §@·~¨t²Î±Ò°Ê¡C²²¤»¡©ú¦p¤U¡G + ¸Ë«ü¥O¡A±q¤@­Ó«D Linux §@·~¨t²Î±Ò°Ê¡C²²¤»¡©ú¦p¤U¡G + + ±Ò°Ê Linux¡A¨Ã¦b /etc/lilo.conf ¤¤¥[¤J¥H¤U´X¦æ¡G + other=/dev/hda2 table=/dev/hda label=FreeBSD -¡]¤W­±¬O°²³]§Aªº FreeBSD slice ¦b Linux ¬O /dev/hda2¡F½Ð + ¡]¤W­±¬O°²³]§Aªº FreeBSD slice ¦b Linux ¬O /dev/hda2¡F½Ð °t¦X¦Û¤vªº³]©w¡^¡CµM«á¡A¥Î root °õ¦æ lilo À³¸Ó´N§¹¦¨¤F¡C + + °²¦p FreeBSD ¦b¥t¥~¤@­ÓºÏºÐ¡A§A¥²¶·¦b LILO ¿ï¶µ¤¤¥[¤J -``loader=/boot/chain.b''¡AÁ|¨Ò¡G + ``loader=/boot/chain.b''¡AÁ|¨Ò¡G + other=/dev/dab4 table=/dev/dab loader=/boot/chain.b @@ -3272,50 +4033,65 @@ partition + + ¬Y¨Ç±¡§Î§A¥²¶·«ü©w BIOS ºÏºÐ¥N¸¹µ¹ FreeBSD boot loader ¥H´Á±q²Ä -¤GºÏºÐ¦¨¥\ªº±Ò°Ê¡CÁ|¨Ò¡A°²¦p FreeBSD SCSI ºÏºÐ¦b BIOS ¤¤°»´ú -¬O BIOS disk 1¡A¨º¦b FreeBSD boot loader ªº´£¥Ü¸¹¥X²{®É§A¥²¶·«ü -©w¡G + ¤GºÏºÐ¦¨¥\ªº±Ò°Ê¡CÁ|¨Ò¡A°²¦p FreeBSD SCSI ºÏºÐ¦b BIOS ¤¤°»´ú + ¬O BIOS disk 1¡A¨º¦b FreeBSD boot loader ªº´£¥Ü¸¹¥X²{®É§A¥²¶·«ü + ©w¡G + Boot: 1:da(0,a)/kernel + + ¦b FreeBSD 2.2.5 ©M¤§«áªºª©¥»¡A§A¥i¥H³]©w boot(8) -³o¼Ë¨C¦¸±Ò°Ê®É´N·|¦Û°Ê°õ¦æ¡C + ³o¼Ë¨C¦¸±Ò°Ê®É´N·|¦Û°Ê°õ¦æ¡C + + Linux+FreeBSD mini-HOWTO ¬O FreeBSD ©M Linux ¦@¥Î¾Þ§@ªº¨}¦n -°Ñ¦Ò¤å¥ó¡C + °Ñ¦Ò¤å¥ó¡C - + + + - - §Ú«ç»ò¨Ï¥Î BootEasy ¨Ó±Ò°Ê FreeBSD ©M Linux¡S + + §Ú«ç»ò¨Ï¥Î BootEasy ¨Ó±Ò°Ê FreeBSD ©M Linux¡S ¦b Linux ±Ò°Ê¤À³Î°Ï¦w¸Ë LILO ¨ú¥N¥D­n±Ò°Ê¸ê®Æ(Master Boot -Record)¡C±µµÛ§A¥i¥H±q BootEasy ±Ò°Ê LILO¡C + Record)¡C±µµÛ§A¥i¥H±q BootEasy ±Ò°Ê LILO¡C + + °²¦p§A¥¿¦b¥Î Windows-95 ©M Linux¡A³o¦³¤@­Ó«Øij¤èªk¡G­n§ó²³æ ªº±q Linux ¦A¦¸±Ò°Ê¦b©ó§A¬O§_À³¸Ó­«·s¦w¸Ë Windows95¡]³o¬O¤@­Ó µ½§ªªº§@·~¨t²Î¡A¥¦À£­¢¤£Åý¨ä¥L§@·~¨t²Î¦s¦b©ó Master Boot Record ¤º¡^¡C - + + + - - ¤@­Ó©Ò¿×``¦MÀI©^Äm(dangerously dedicated)''ªººÏºÐ¦³®`¶Ü¡S - + + ¤@­Ó©Ò¿×``¦MÀI©^Äm(dangerously dedicated)''ªººÏºÐ¦³®`¶Ü¡S + ¦w¸Ëµ{§Ç¤¹³\§A¿ï¾Ü¨âºØ¤£¦Pªº¤èªk¨Ó¤À³Î§Aªº -ºÏºÐ¾÷¡C¤º©w¤èªk¬°¤F¦b¦P¤@¥x¾÷¾¹¤W©M¨ä¥L§@·~¨t²Î¥i¥H¬Û®e¡A©ó¬O -¨Ï¥Î fdisk table entries(FreeBSD ¸ÌºÙ¤§¬°``slices'')¡AFreeBSD -ªº slice ´N¬O¨Ï¥Î¾ã­Ó¦Û¤vªº¤À³Î°Ï¡C¥i¨Ñ¿ï¾Üªº¬O¡A§A¥i¥H¿ï¾Ü¦w¸Ë + ºÏºÐ¾÷¡C¤º©w¤èªk¬°¤F¦b¦P¤@¥x¾÷¾¹¤W©M¨ä¥L§@·~¨t²Î¥i¥H¬Û®e¡A©ó¬O + ¨Ï¥Î fdisk table entries(FreeBSD ¸ÌºÙ¤§¬°``slices'')¡AFreeBSD + ªº slice ´N¬O¨Ï¥Î¾ã­Ó¦Û¤vªº¤À³Î°Ï¡C¥i¨Ñ¿ï¾Üªº¬O¡A§A¥i¥H¿ï¾Ü¦w¸Ë ±Ò°Ê¿ï¾Ü¾¹(boot-selector) ¦bºÏºÐ¾÷¼Æ­Ó¥i¯àªº§@·~¨t²Î¤W¨Ó¦^¤Á´«¡C ¥t¥~¤@­Ó¥i¿ï¾Üªº¥Îªk¬O§â¾ã­ÓºÏºÐ¼·µ¹ FreeBSD ¨Ï¥Î¡A¨Ã¥B¤£°µ¨ä¥L §@·~¨t²Îªº¬Û®e©Ê¦Ò¶q¡C + + ¦]¦¹¬°¦ó¥s¥¦``¦MÀIªº''¡S¤@­Ó³B©ó³oºØ¼Ò¦¡ªººÏºÐ¾÷¤£¥]§t¯à³Q¥¿ -±` PC ¤½¥Îµ{¦¡µø¬°¦³®Äªº fdisk table¡C¨Ì´`¥¦­Ì³Q³]­pªº¼Ò¦¡¡A¥u + ±` PC ¤½¥Îµ{¦¡µø¬°¦³®Äªº fdisk table¡C¨Ì´`¥¦­Ì³Q³]­pªº¼Ò¦¡¡A¥u ­n¥¦­Ì¦b³o¼Ë¤@­ÓºÏºÐ¾÷¤¤¤@¥¹³QIJ¤Î¥i¯à´N·|²£¥Í¿ù»~ªº´£¥Ü¡A©Î§ó ÁV¿|ªº¡A¥i¯à¥¼¸g´£¥Ü©Î³qª¾§A´N§â FreeBSD bootstrap §ËÃa¡C¥t¥~ ¡A``¦MÀI©^Äm''ªººÏºÐ layout ·|»~¾É³\¦h¼tµPªº BIOSsen(BIOS °»´ú) @@ -3340,10 +4116,12 @@ error" µ¦ - ÁÙ¦³§ó¦nªº¤èªk¥i¥H¸Ñ¨M³o°ÝÃDªºµ´¤j³¡¥÷¡C(ĶªÌ¡G³o³¡¥÷¥Î¤F ³\¦hªº¤f»y¥Îµü¡A­ì¤å·Ó¿ý¥H¨Ñ¹ï·Ó¡C) + + ``Dangerously dedicated'' mode tries to work around this -by making the problem simpler. In some cases, it gets it right. -But it's meant to be used as a last-ditch alternative - there -are better ways to solve the problem 99 times out of 100. + by making the problem simpler. In some cases, it gets it right. + But it's meant to be used as a last-ditch alternative - there + are better ways to solve the problem 99 times out of 100. ¦]¦¹¡A·í§A¦b¦w¸Ë®É«ç»òÁקK­n¨Ï¥Î``DD''¼Ò¦¡¡H¦b¶}©l®É°O¤U BIOS ­n¨D¨Ï¥ÎºÏºÐ¾÷ªº geometry¡A§A¥i¥H¦b±Ò°Êªº ``boot:''´£¥Ü @@ -3364,39 +4142,49 @@ geometries ¦p§A¤´¾á¤ß·í§A¹Á¸Õ±Ò°Ê®É·|¬Ý¨ì``read error''°T®§¡A³o®É­Ô§A¯à°µ ªº´N¬Oë§iµM«á¸Õ¬Ý¬Ý - ¤Ï¥¿¤]¨S¤°»ò¦n¥¢¥hªº¡C + + ­n§â``¦MÀI©^Äm''ªººÏºÐ¦^´_¨ì¥¿±` PC ¨Ï¥Î¡A°ò¥»¤W¦³¨â­Ó¿ï¾Ü¡C -²Ä¤@¡A¬O§A§â¨¬°÷ªº NULL ¦ì¤¸²Õ¼g¤J MBR ½T«O¥ô¦óÀH«áªº¦w¸Ëµ{ + ²Ä¤@¡A¬O§A§â¨¬°÷ªº NULL ¦ì¤¸²Õ¼g¤J MBR ½T«O¥ô¦óÀH«áªº¦w¸Ëµ{ ¦¡¬Û«H³o¥u¬O¤@­ÓªÅ¥ÕªººÏºÐ¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡§A¥i¥H³o¼Ë°µ¡G - + dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/rda0 count=15 + + ©Î¬O±Ä¥Î¥t¥~¤@­Ó¡A«D¥¿¦¡ªº DOS ``¯S¦â''¡G - + fdisk /mbr + + ³o±N·|¦w¸Ë¤@­Ó¥þ·sªº¥D­n±Ò°Ê°O¿ý¡A¦]¦¹·|¯}Ãa BSD bootstrap¡C - + + + - -§Ú¦p¦ó¯à¥[¤J§ó¦hªº¸m´«ªÅ¶¡(swap space)¡S + +§Ú¦p¦ó¯à¥[¤J§ó¦hªº¸m´«ªÅ¶¡(swap space)¡S ³Ì¦nªº¤èªk¬O¼W¥[§A swap ¤À³Î°Ïªº¤j¤p¡A©Î§Q¥Î³o­Ó¤è«K²z¥Ñªº¦n³B¥h -¼W¥[¥t¤@­ÓµwºÐ¡CºD¨Òºâªk¬O¥Î¥D°O¾ÐÅ骺¨â­¿·í¸m´«ªÅ¶¡(swap space) + ¼W¥[¥t¤@­ÓµwºÐ¡CºD¨Òºâªk¬O¥Î¥D°O¾ÐÅ骺¨â­¿·í¸m´«ªÅ¶¡(swap space) ¡AµM¦Ó¦pªG§A¥u¦³«Ü¤Ö¶qªº¥D°O¾ÐÅé¡A§A¥i¯à·Q¥t¥~³]©w swap¡C³]©w¨¬°÷ ªº¸m´«ªÅ¶¡¡A¨Ã¬°¥H«á°O¾ÐÅéÂX¥R¹w§@·Ç³Æ¥i¯à¬O­Ó¦n¥D·N¡A³o¼Ë¥H«á´N ¤£»Ý­n¦A°µ¤@¦¸¸m´«ªÅ¶¡ªº³]©w¡C + + ¦b¤À´²ªººÏºÐ¤W¼W¥[¸m´«ªÅ¶¡·|¤ñ³æ¯Â¦a¦b¦P¤@­ÓºÏºÐ¥[¤J¸m´«ªÅ¶¡ -Åý®Ä²v¨Óªº§Ö¤@ÂI¡CÁ|¤@­Ó¨Ò¤l¨Ó»¡¡A¦pªG§A¥¿¦b¤@­ÓºÏºÐ¸Ì½sĶ¨Ó -·½µ{¦¡¡A¦Ó¸m´«ªÅ¶¡¦b¥t¤@­ÓºÏºÐ¡A³o·|¤ñ¸m´«ªÅ¶¡¸ò½sĶµ{¦¡³£¦b -¦P¤@­ÓºÏºÐ®É¨Ó±o§Ö¡C³o¹ï SCSI ºÏºÐ¾÷¯S§O¥¿½T¡C + Åý®Ä²v¨Óªº§Ö¤@ÂI¡CÁ|¤@­Ó¨Ò¤l¨Ó»¡¡A¦pªG§A¥¿¦b¤@­ÓºÏºÐ¸Ì½sĶ¨Ó + ·½µ{¦¡¡A¦Ó¸m´«ªÅ¶¡¦b¥t¤@­ÓºÏºÐ¡A³o·|¤ñ¸m´«ªÅ¶¡¸ò½sĶµ{¦¡³£¦b + ¦P¤@­ÓºÏºÐ®É¨Ó±o§Ö¡C³o¹ï SCSI ºÏºÐ¾÷¯S§O¥¿½T¡C ·í§A¦³¦n´X­ÓºÏºÐ¾÷®É¡A¦b¨C­ÓºÏºÐ¤W³]©w¤@­Ó swap ¤À³Î°Ï¬O¦³ §Qªº¡A¬Æ¦Ü³Ì«á¨Ï¥Î¤@¾ã­ÓºÏºÐ¾÷·í¸m´«ªÅ¶¡¡C¤@¯ë¨Ó»¡¡A¨C­Ó¨t²Î @@ -3406,10 +4194,12 @@ swap §ó¤j¤@ÂI¥H®e¯Ç®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡ªº core dump¡C§Aªº primary swap partition ¦Ü¤Ö¥²¶·©M¥D°O¾ÐÅé¤@¼Ë¤j¡A¥H¯à®e¯Ç¤@­Ó kernel core¡C + + IDE ºÏºÐ¨Ã¤£¤¹³\¦P®É¦b¦P¤@³q¹D¸Ì¦s¨ú¨â­Ó¸Ë¸m¡]FreeBSD ¤£¤ä´© -mode 4¡A¦]¦¹©Ò¦³ªº IDE ºÏºÐ I/O ¬O``¥iµ{¦¡¤Æªº''¡^¡CµM¦Ó§Ú¤´ -·|«Øij§A§â¸m´«ªÅ¶¡©ñ¦b¤À§OªººÏºÐ¡CºÏºÐ¾÷³o»ò«K©y¡A¹ê¦b¨S¤°»ò -¦n¾á¤ßªº¡C + mode 4¡A¦]¦¹©Ò¦³ªº IDE ºÏºÐ I/O ¬O``¥iµ{¦¡¤Æªº''¡^¡CµM¦Ó§Ú¤´ + ·|«Øij§A§â¸m´«ªÅ¶¡©ñ¦b¤À§OªººÏºÐ¡CºÏºÐ¾÷³o»ò«K©y¡A¹ê¦b¨S¤°»ò + ¦n¾á¤ßªº¡C ¦b NFS ¤W°µ¸m´«¶È¦b¥H¤U±¡§Î³Q«Øij¨Ï¥Î¡G§A¨S¦³¦Û¤vªººÏºÐ¥i ¥H¨Ï¥Î¡CFreeBSD 4.0 ¥H«e release ªºª©¥»¦b NFS ¤W°µ¸m´«¬O¬Û·í @@ -3417,268 +4207,334 @@ mode 4 ³t«×¤F¡C§Y¨Ï¦p¦¹¡AÁÙ¬O¨ü¨ìºô¸ô¦³®ÄÀW¼e©M¦b NFS server ¤WÃB¥~ ¸Ë¸üªº­­¨î¡C + + ³o¸Ì¦³­Ó½d¨Ò¬O¥Î 64MB vn-swap (/usr/swap0¡A·íµM§A¯à¥Î -¥ô¦ó§A·Q¥Îªº¦W¦r¡^¡C + ¥ô¦ó§A·Q¥Îªº¦W¦r¡^¡C + + ½T©w§Aªº®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡«Ø¥ß®É¦³¥]§t¥H¤U³o¦æ¡G - + pseudo-device vn 1 #Vnode driver (turns a file into a device) + + ¦b§Aªº³]©wÀɤ¤¡CGENERIC ³o­Ó®Ö¤ß¤w¸g¥]§t³o¶µ¤F¡C - + «Ø¥ß¤@­Ó vn-device + cd /dev sh ./MAKEDEV vn0 - + + «Ø¥ß¤@­Ó¸m´«ÀÉ (/usr/swap0) + dd if=/dev/zero of=/usr/swap0 bs=1024k count=64 - + + ³]©w¾A·íªº¦s¨úÅv©ó(/usr/swap0) + chmod 0600 /usr/swap0 - + + ¦b /etc/rc.conf ¤¤±Ò°Ê¸m´«ÀÉ + swapfile="/usr/swap0" # Set to name of swapfile if aux swapfile desired. - + + -­«·s¶}¾÷¡C +­«·s¶}¾÷¡C + + + ­n°¨¤W±Ò°Ê¸m´«ÀÉ¡AÁä¤J¡G - + vnconfig -ce /dev/vn0c /usr/swap0 swap - + + + - -§Ú¤£·|³]©w§Úªº¦Lªí¾÷¡C + +§Ú¤£·|³]©w§Úªº¦Lªí¾÷¡C ½Ð°Ñ¾\ Handbook ¸Ì¦³Ãö¦C¦Lªº³¡¥÷¡C³oÀ³¸Ó¯à¸Ñ¨M§A¤j³¡¤Àªº°ÝÃD¡A½Ð¬Ý -Handbook entry on printing. + Handbook entry on printing. - + + + - -§Ú¨t²Î¤WªºÁä½L°t¸m¿ù¤F¡C + +§Ú¨t²Î¤WªºÁä½L°t¸m¿ù¤F¡C kbdcontrol µ{¦¡¦³¤@­Ó¿ï¶µ¥i¥HŪ¨úÁä½L°t¸mÀɮסC¦b -/usr/share/syscons/keymaps ¦³¤@¨Ç°t¸mÀÉ¡C¿ï¾Ü¤@­Ó¸ò§Aªº -¬ÛÃöªº¨ÃŪ¨ú¥¦¡C + /usr/share/syscons/keymaps ¦³¤@¨Ç°t¸mÀÉ¡C¿ï¾Ü¤@­Ó¸ò§Aªº + ¬ÛÃöªº¨ÃŪ¨ú¥¦¡C - + kbdcontrol -l uk.iso + + /usr/share/syscons/keymaps ©M .kbd ©µ®i¶°¨â­Ó³£¥Ñ -kbdcontrol ©ÒÂ_©w¡C + kbdcontrol ©ÒÂ_©w¡C + + ¥i¥H±q /etc/sysconfig (©Î rc.conf) -¨Ó³]©w¡A½Ð¬Ý¦¹Àɸ̬ÛÃöªºµù¸Ñ¡C + ¨Ó³]©w¡A½Ð¬Ý¦¹Àɸ̬ÛÃöªºµù¸Ñ¡C + + ¦b 2.0.5R ¤Î¨ä¤§«áªºª©¥»¡A©Ò¦³¸ò¤å¦r¦r«¬¡AÁä½L¹ïÀ³¬ÛÃöªº³]©w³£¦b -/usr/share/examples/syscons¡C + /usr/share/examples/syscons¡C + + ¥H¤U¬O¥Ø«e¤ä´©ªº¹ïÀ³³]©w¡G - + -Belgian ISO-8859-1 +Belgian ISO-8859-1 + -Brazilian 275 keyboard Codepage 850 +Brazilian 275 keyboard Codepage 850 + -Brazilian 275 keyboard ISO-8859-1 +Brazilian 275 keyboard ISO-8859-1 + -Danish Codepage 865 +Danish Codepage 865 + -Danish ISO-8859-1 +Danish ISO-8859-1 + -French ISO-8859-1 +French ISO-8859-1 + -German Codepage 850 +German Codepage 850 + -German ISO-8859-1 +German ISO-8859-1 + -Italian ISO-8859-1 +Italian ISO-8859-1 + -Japanese 106 +Japanese 106 + -Japanese 106x +Japanese 106x + -Latin American +Latin American + -Norwegian ISO-8859-1 +Norwegian ISO-8859-1 + -Polish ISO-8859-2 (programmer's) +Polish ISO-8859-2 (programmer's) + -Russian Codepage 866 (alternative) +Russian Codepage 866 (alternative) + -Russian koi8-r (shift) +Russian koi8-r (shift) + -Russian koi8-r +Russian koi8-r + -Spanish ISO-8859-1 +Spanish ISO-8859-1 + -Swedish Codepage 850 +Swedish Codepage 850 + -Swedish ISO-8859-1 +Swedish ISO-8859-1 + -Swiss-German ISO-8859-1 +Swiss-German ISO-8859-1 + -United Kingdom Codepage 850 +United Kingdom Codepage 850 + -United Kingdom ISO-8859-1 +United Kingdom ISO-8859-1 + -United States of America ISO-8859-1 +United States of America ISO-8859-1 + -United States of America dvorak +United States of America dvorak + -United States of America dvorakx +United States of America dvorakx + - + + + - -§ÚµLªkÅý user quotas ¥¿±`¤u§@¡C + +§ÚµLªkÅý user quotas ¥¿±`¤u§@¡C - + ¤£­n¦b '/' ¥´¶} quotas¡A - + + §â quotas ÀÉ©ñ¦b¥¦¥²¶·±j­¢¸m¤JªºÀɮרt²Î¤º¡AÁ|¨Ò¡G + FS QUOTA FILE /usr /usr/admin/quotas /home /home/admin/quotas ... - + + - + + + - -§Úªº ccd ¦³¦ó¤£§´¡S + +§Úªº ccd ¦³¦ó¤£§´¡S ³oºØ±¡§Îªº¼x¥ü¬O¡G - + # ccdconfig -C ccdconfig: ioctl (CCDIOCSET): /dev/ccd0c: Inappropriate file type or format # -³q±`³o·|µo¥Í¦b§A¹Á¸Õ­n³sµ² `c' ¤À³Î°Ï¡A³o¤º©wªº«¬§O¬O`µLªk¨Ï¥Îªº' -¡Cccd ÅX°Êµ{¦¡»Ý­nªº°ò¦¤À³Î°Ï«¬§O¬° FS_BSDFFS¡A½s¿è§A­n¸ÕµÛ³sµ²ªººÏºÐ -¼Ð°O¨Ã§ó§ï¤À³Î°Ïªº«¬§O¬°`4.2BSD'¡C + - +³q±`³o·|µo¥Í¦b§A¹Á¸Õ­n³sµ² `c' ¤À³Î°Ï¡A³o¤º©wªº«¬§O¬O`µLªk¨Ï¥Îªº' + ¡Cccd ÅX°Êµ{¦¡»Ý­nªº°ò¦¤À³Î°Ï«¬§O¬° FS_BSDFFS¡A½s¿è§A­n¸ÕµÛ³sµ²ªººÏºÐ + ¼Ð°O¨Ã§ó§ï¤À³Î°Ïªº«¬§O¬°`4.2BSD'¡C + + + + - -¬°¦ó§Ú¤£¯à½s¿è§Ú ccd ªººÏºÐ¼Ð°O¡S + +¬°¦ó§Ú¤£¯à½s¿è§Ú ccd ªººÏºÐ¼Ð°O¡S ³oºØ±¡§Îªº¼x¥ü¬O¡G - + # disklabel ccd0 (³o¸Ì¦L¥X¬Y¨Ç©úÅ㪺¸ê®Æ¡A©Ò¥H¸ÕµÛ½s¿è¥¦¡^ # disklabel -e ccd0 @@ -3689,10 +4545,12 @@ mode 4 -³o¬O¦]¬°¥Ñ ccd ¶Ç¦^ªººÏºÐ¼Ð°O¨Æ¹ê¤W¬O¤@­Ó`°²ªº'¦Ó¨S¦³¯u¥¿¦bºÏºÐ -¤W¡C§A¥i¥H§â¥¦§¹¥þ¼g¤J¨Ó¸Ñ¨M³o­Ó°ÝÃD¡A¹³³o¼Ë¡G + - +³o¬O¦]¬°¥Ñ ccd ¶Ç¦^ªººÏºÐ¼Ð°O¨Æ¹ê¤W¬O¤@­Ó`°²ªº'¦Ó¨S¦³¯u¥¿¦bºÏºÐ + ¤W¡C§A¥i¥H§â¥¦§¹¥þ¼g¤J¨Ó¸Ñ¨M³o­Ó°ÝÃD¡A¹³³o¼Ë¡G + + # disklabel ccd0 > /tmp/disklabel.tmp # disklabel -Rr ccd0 /tmp/disklabel.tmp # disklabel -e ccd0 @@ -3700,15 +4558,17 @@ mode 4 - + + + - -FreeBSD ¤ä´© System V IPC ®æ¦¡«ü¥O¶°¡H + +FreeBSD ¤ä´© System V IPC ®æ¦¡«ü¥O¶°¡H ¬Oªº¡AFreeBSD ¤ä´© System V-style IPC¡C³o¥]¬A¦@¨É°O¾ÐÅé¡A°T®§¸ò -«H¸¹¡C§A»Ý­n¦b§Aªº®Ö¤ß³]©wÀɤº¥[¤J¤U¦C´X¦æ¥H±Ò°Ê¥¦­Ì¡C + «H¸¹¡C§A»Ý­n¦b§Aªº®Ö¤ß³]©wÀɤº¥[¤J¤U¦C´X¦æ¥H±Ò°Ê¥¦­Ì¡C - + options SYSVSHM options "SHMMAXPGS=64" # 256Kb of sharable memory options SYSVSEM # enable for semaphores @@ -3716,65 +4576,83 @@ mode 4 + + ­«·s½sĶ¨Ã¦w¸Ë¡C -ª`·N¡G ¦pªG§A­n°õ¦æ GIMP §A¥i¯à»Ý­n¼W¥[ SHMMAXPKGS ¨ì¬Y¨Ç¯î -ÂÕªº¼Æ¥Ø¹³¬O 4096(16M!)¡A256Kb ¹ï X11R6 ¦@¨É°O¾ÐÅé¨Ó»¡¤w¸g¥R¤À¨¬ -°÷¤F¡C + - +ª`·N¡G ¦pªG§A­n°õ¦æ GIMP §A¥i¯à»Ý­n¼W¥[ SHMMAXPKGS ¨ì¬Y¨Ç¯î + ÂÕªº¼Æ¥Ø¹³¬O 4096(16M!)¡A256Kb ¹ï X11R6 ¦@¨É°O¾ÐÅé¨Ó»¡¤w¸g¥R¤À¨¬ + °÷¤F¡C + + + + - - §Ú¸Ó¦p¦ó¨Ï¥Î sendmail ³z¹L UUCP ¨Ó»¼°e¶l¥ó¡H - + §Ú¸Ó¦p¦ó¨Ï¥Î sendmail ³z¹L UUCP ¨Ó»¼°e¶l¥ó¡H + ¸òÀH FreeBSD ®M¸Ë¦Ó¨Óªº sendmail ³]©w¬O¾A¦X¨º¨Çª½±µ³s¤Wºô»Úºô¸ô -ªº¯¸¥x¡C·Q³z¹L UUCP ¥æ´«¶l¥óªº¯¸¥x¥²¶·¥t¥~¦w¸Ë sendmil ªº³]©wÀÉ + ªº¯¸¥x¡C·Q³z¹L UUCP ¥æ´«¶l¥óªº¯¸¥x¥²¶·¥t¥~¦w¸Ë sendmil ªº³]©wÀÉ ®×¡C + + ¤â°Ê­×§ï /etc/sendmail.cf ¬Oµ´¹ï¥²­nªº¡C²Ä 8 ª©ªº sendmail ´£¨Ñ¤@­Ó¥þ·sªº¤J¤f¥H³z¹L¤@¨Ç¹³ m4 ªº³B²z´N¯à ²£¥Í³]©wÀÉ¡A³o¨Æ¹ê¤W¬O¤@­Ó°ª¼h·§©Àµ¥¯Åªº§Þ¥©©Ê³]©w¡C§AÀ³¸Ó¥i¥H¦b¥H ¤UÀɮ׸̨ϥΥ¦¡G - + /usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail/cf + + °²¦p§A¤£¬O¥Î full sources ¤è¦¡¦w¸Ë¨t²Î¡A¨º»ò sendmail ³]©w¶µ¥Ø¥i ¯à¤w¸g¤À´²¦¨¦n´X­Ó¨Ó·½¤À¥¬Àɦbµ¥µÛ§A¡A°²³]§A¤w¸g mount ¥úºÐ¾÷¡A°µ ¥H¤U°Ê§@¡G - + cd /usr/src tar -xvzf /cdrom/dists/src/ssmailcf.aa + + §OÅå·W¡A³o¥u¦³¼Æ¤Q¸U­Ó¦ì¤¸²Õªº¤j¤p¡C¦b cf ¥Ø¿ý¸Ìªº README ¥i¥H´£¨Ñ¤@­Ó m4 ³]©wªkªº°ò¥»¤¶²Ð¡C + + ¥H UUCP »¼°e¨Ó»¡¡A«Øij§A³Ì¦n¨Ï¥Î mailertable ¯SÂI¡C «Øºc¤@­Ó¸ê®Æ®wÅý sendmail ¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¥¦¦Û¤vªº¸ô®|¨Mµ¦¡C + + ­º¥ý¡A§A¥²¶·«Ø¥ß¦Û¤vªº .mc ÀÉ¡C /usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail/cf/cf ¥Ø¿ý¬O³o¨ÇÀɮתº®a¡C ¬d¬Ý¤@¤U¡A¤w¸g¦³¦n´X­Ó½d¨ÒÀÉ¡A°²³]§A¤w¸g©R¦W¦Û¤vªºÀÉ¥s foo.mc¡A§A­n°µªº¥u¬O§â¥¦Âà´«¦¨¤@­Ó¦³®Äªº sendmail.cf ¡G - + cd /usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail/cf/cf make foo.cf cp foo.cf /etc/sendmail.cf + + ¤@­Ó¨å«¬ªº .mc Àɬݰ_¨Ó¥i¯à¹³³o¼Ë¡G - + include(`../m4/cf.m4') VERSIONID(`Your version number') OSTYPE(bsd4.4) @@ -3795,16 +4673,20 @@ sendmail + + nodns ©M nocanonify ¯S©Ê±NÁקK¥ô¦ó¦b»¼°e¶l¥ó ®É·|¥Î¨ì DNS ªº¾÷·|¡CUUCP_RELAY ¶µ¥Øªº¥X²{²z¥Ñ«Ü©_©Ç¡A ´N¤£­n°Ý¬°¦ó¤F¡C²³æªº©ñ¤J¤@­Óºô»Úºô¸ô¤W¥i¥H³B²z .UUCP µêÀÀºô°ì ¦ì§}ªº¥D¾÷¦WºÙ¡F³q±`¡A§A¥u»Ý­n¦b³o¸Ì¶ñ¤J§A ISP ªº«H¥ó¦^ÂгB -(mail replay)¡C + (mail replay)¡C + + §A¤w¸g°µ¨ì³o¸Ì¤F¡A§AÁٻݭn³o­Ó¥s /etc/mailertable ªº ÀɮסC¤@­Ó¨å«¬ªº½d¨Ò¦p¤U¡G - + # # makemap hash /etc/mailertable.db < /etc/mailertable # @@ -3818,26 +4700,32 @@ sendmail + + ¦p§A©Ò¨£¡A³o¬O¬Y­Ó¯u¹êÀɮ׸̪º¤@³¡¥÷¡C­º¤T¦æ³B²zºô°ì©w§}«H¥ó ¤£À³¸Ó³Q°e¥X¨ì¤º©w¸ô®|¡A¦Ó¥Ñ¬Y¨Ç UUCP ¾F©~(UUCP neighbor)¨ú¥N ªº¯S®í±¡§Î¡A³o¬O¬°¤F``ÁYµu''»¼°eªº¸ô®|¡C¤U¤@¦æ³B²z¨ì¥»¦a¤A¤Ó ºô¸ôºô°ìªº«H¥óÅý¥¦¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î SMTP ¨Ó»¼°e¡C³Ì«á¡AUUCP ¾F©~´£¨ì .UUCP µêÀÀºô°ìªº°O¸ü¡A¤¹³\¤@­Ó``uucp-neighbor!recipient''±À½¤º©w³W«h¡C³Ì«á¤@¦æ«h¥H¤@ -­Ó³æ¿Wªº¥yÂI°µµ²§ô¡A¥H UUCP »¼°e¨ì´£¨Ñ·í§A¥þ¥@¬É©Ê¶l¥ó¹hªùªº -UUCP ¾F©~¡C©Ò¦³¦b uucp-dom: ÃöÁä¦r¸Ìªº¸`ÂI¦WºÙ¥²¶·³£¬O -¦³®Äªº UUCP ¾F©~¡A§A¥i¥H¥Î uuname ©R¥O¥h½T»{¡C + ­Ó³æ¿Wªº¥yÂI°µµ²§ô¡A¥H UUCP »¼°e¨ì´£¨Ñ·í§A¥þ¥@¬É©Ê¶l¥ó¹hªùªº + UUCP ¾F©~¡C©Ò¦³¦b uucp-dom: ÃöÁä¦r¸Ìªº¸`ÂI¦WºÙ¥²¶·³£¬O + ¦³®Äªº UUCP ¾F©~¡A§A¥i¥H¥Î uuname ©R¥O¥h½T»{¡C + + ´£¿ô§A³o­ÓÀɮצb¨Ï¥Î«e¥²¶·³QÂà´«¦¨ DBM ¸ê®Æ®wÀɮסA³Ì¦n¦b mailertable ³Ì¤W­±¥Îµù¸Ñ¼g¥X©R¥O¦C¨Ó§¹¦¨³o­Ó¤u§@¡C·í§A¨C¦¸§ó´«§A -ªº mailertable «á§AÁ`¬O»Ý­n°õ¦æ³o­Ó©R¥O¡C + ªº mailertable «á§AÁ`¬O»Ý­n°õ¦æ³o­Ó©R¥O¡C + + ³Ì«á´£¥Ü¡G¦pªG§A¤£½T©w¬Y¨Ç¯S©wªº«H¥ó¸ô®|¥i¥Î¡A°O±o§â -¿ï¶µ¥[¨ì sendmail¡C³o·|±N sendmail ±Ò°Ê¦b address test mode -¡F¥u­n«ö¤U ``0''¡A±µµÛ¿é¤J§A§Æ±æ´ú¸Õªº«H¥ó¸ô®|¦ì§}¡C³Ì«á¤@¦æ§i¶D§A¨Ï -¥Î¤º³¡ªº«H¥ó¥N²zµ{¦¡¡A¥N²zµ{¦¡ªº·|³qª¾¥Øªº¥D¾÷¡A¥H¤Î(¥i¯àÂà´«ªº)¦ì§} -¡C­nÂ÷¶}¦¹¼Ò¦¡½Ð«ö Control-D¡C + ¿ï¶µ¥[¨ì sendmail¡C³o·|±N sendmail ±Ò°Ê¦b address test mode + ¡F¥u­n«ö¤U ``0''¡A±µµÛ¿é¤J§A§Æ±æ´ú¸Õªº«H¥ó¸ô®|¦ì§}¡C³Ì«á¤@¦æ§i¶D§A¨Ï + ¥Î¤º³¡ªº«H¥ó¥N²zµ{¦¡¡A¥N²zµ{¦¡ªº·|³qª¾¥Øªº¥D¾÷¡A¥H¤Î(¥i¯àÂà´«ªº)¦ì§} + ¡C­nÂ÷¶}¦¹¼Ò¦¡½Ð«ö Control-D¡C - + j@uriah 191% sendmail -bt ADDRESS TEST MODE (ruleset 3 NOT automatically invoked) Enter <ruleset> <address> @@ -3851,29 +4739,35 @@ mailertable - + + + - - ·í§Ú¥Î¼·±µ³s¤Wºô¸ô®É¸Ó«ç»ò³]©w«H¥ó»¼°e¡H - + ·í§Ú¥Î¼·±µ³s¤Wºô¸ô®É¸Ó«ç»ò³]©w«H¥ó»¼°e¡H + ¦pªG§A¤w¸g¦³¤@­Ó©T©wªº IP ¼Æ¦r¡A§A¤£»Ý­n½Õ¾ã¥ô¦ó¤º©w­È¡C³]¦n §A­n«ü©wªººô¸ô¦WºÙ¡A¨ä¥Lªº sendmail ³£·|À°§A°µ§¹¡C + + ¦pªG§A®³¨ìªº¬O°ÊºA°t¸mªº IP ¼Æ¦r¦Ó¨Ï¥Î¼·±µ ppp ³s±µ¨ìºô -»Úºô¸ô¡A§A¥i¯à¤w¸g¦b§Aªº ISP «H¥ó¥D¾÷¤W¦³¤@­Ó«H½c¡C°²³]§Aªº -ISP ºô°ì¬O myISP.com¡A§Aªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ¬O user¡C¥ç°² -³]§AºÙ¦Û¤vªº¥D¾÷¦WºÙ¬O bsd.home ¦Ó§Aªº ISP §i¶D§A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î + »Úºô¸ô¡A§A¥i¯à¤w¸g¦b§Aªº ISP «H¥ó¥D¾÷¤W¦³¤@­Ó«H½c¡C°²³]§Aªº + ISP ºô°ì¬O myISP.com¡A§Aªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ¬O user¡C¥ç°² + ³]§AºÙ¦Û¤vªº¥D¾÷¦WºÙ¬O bsd.home ¦Ó§Aªº ISP §i¶D§A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î relay.myISP.com ·í§@«H¥ó¦^ÂгB¡C + + ¬°¤F±q§Aªº«H½c±µ¦¬«H¥ó¡A§A±N»Ý­n¦w¸Ë¨ú«Hµ{¦¡¥H«K±q«H½c¨ú¦^«H¥ó¡C Fetchmail ¬O¤@­Ó¤£¿ùªº¿ï¾Ü¦]¬°¥¦¤ä´©³\¦h¤£¦Pªº³q°T¨ó©w¡A³q±` §Aªº ISP ·|´£¨Ñ POP3¡C¦pªG§A¿ï¾Ü¨Ï¥Î user-ppp¡A§A¥i¥H¦b³s½u¨ìºô¸ô ¦¨¥\«á¦Û°Ê§ì¨ú§Aªº«H¥ó¡A¥u­n¦b /etc/ppp/ppp.linkup ¸Ì­± ³]©w¥H¤U³o¶µ¡G - + MYADDR: !bg su user -c fetchmail @@ -3882,7 +4776,7 @@ ISP °²¨Ï§A¥¿¨Ï¥Î sendmail(¦p¤U©Ò¥Ü)¶Ç°e«H¥ó¨ì«D¥»¦a±b¸¹ ¡A¸m¤J¥H¤U©R¥O¡G - + !bg su user -c "sendmail -q" @@ -3890,25 +4784,33 @@ ISP ¦b¤W­±¨º¶µ©R¥O¤§«á¡C³o·|±j­¢ sendmail ¦b³s±µ¤Wºô¸ô«á°¨¤W¶}©l³B ²z mailqueue¡C + + §Ú°²³]§A¦b bsd.home ¾÷¾¹¤W¦³¤@­Ó user ªº±b¸¹¡C¦b -bsd.home ¾÷¾¹¤W user ªº®a¥Ø¿ý¸Ì«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó .fetchmailrc + bsd.home ¾÷¾¹¤W user ªº®a¥Ø¿ý¸Ì«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó .fetchmailrc ªºÀɮסG - + poll myISP.com protocol pop3 fetchall pass MySecret; + + µL¶·Âب¥¡A³o­ÓÀÉ°£¤F user ¥~¤£À³¸Ó³Q¥ô¦ó¤HŪ¨ú¡A¦]¬°¥¦¥]§t ¤F MySecret ³o­Ó±K½X¡C + + ¬°¤F¦b±H«H®É¦³¥¿½Tªº©ïÀY from: ¡A§A¥²¶·§i¶D sendmail ¨Ï¥Î user@myISP.com ¦Ó«D user@bsd.home¡C§A¥i¯à·|§Æ±æ§i¶D sendmail ±q relay.myISP.com °e¥X©Ò¦³«H¥ó¡A¥[§Ö«H¥ó¶Ç°e¡C + + ¥H¤Uªº .mc ÀÉÀ³¯àº¡¨¬§Aªº­n¨D¡G - + VERSIONID(`bsd.home.mc version 1.0') OSTYPE(bsd4.4)dnl FEATURE(nouucp)dnl @@ -3928,25 +4830,31 @@ sendmail -¦p¦óÂà´«³o­Ó .mc Àɮרì sendmail.cf Àɪº¸Ô²Ó²Ó¸`½Ð -°Ñ¦Ò¤W¤@¸`¡C¥t¥~¡A¦b§ó·s sendmail.cf ¥H«á¤£­n§Ñ°O­«·s±Ò°Ê -sendmail¡C + - +¦p¦óÂà´«³o­Ó .mc Àɮרì sendmail.cf Àɪº¸Ô²Ó²Ó¸`½Ð + °Ñ¦Ò¤W¤@¸`¡C¥t¥~¡A¦b§ó·s sendmail.cf ¥H«á¤£­n§Ñ°O­«·s±Ò°Ê + sendmail¡C + + + + - -«x¡I§Ú§Ñ°O root ªº±K½X¤F¡I + +«x¡I§Ú§Ñ°O root ªº±K½X¤F¡I ¤£­nÅå·W¡I¥u­n­«·s±Ò°Ê¨t²Î¡A¦b boot: ´£¥Ü¸¹¥´ -s ¶i¤J³æ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¼Ò¦¡¡C ¦b°Ý­n¨Ï¥Î­þ­Ó shell ®É¡A«ö¤U ENTER¡C§A·|¬Ý¨ì¤@­Ó # ªº´£¥Ü¸¹¡A¿é¤J mount -u / ¥H­«·s¬[³]§Aªº®ÚÀɮרt²Î¥i¨ÑŪ/¼g¡C°õ¦æ passwd root ¥H§ó´« root ±K½X¡AµM«á°õ¦æ exit Ä~Äò±Ò°Ê¡C - + + + - -§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò«O¯dÅý Control-Alt-Delete ¤£¯à­«·s±Ò°Ê¨t²Î¡H - + +§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò«O¯dÅý Control-Alt-Delete ¤£¯à­«·s±Ò°Ê¨t²Î¡H + ­×§ï§A¥¿¦b¨Ï¥Îªº¥D±±¥xÁä½L¹ïÀ³¡A¨Ã¥B§â©Ò¦³ boot ªºÃöÁä¦r¥Î nop ¨ú¥N¡C¤º©wªºÁä½L¹ïÀ³¬O¦b @@ -3954,10 +4862,12 @@ sendmail §h©J /etc/rc.conf ¥hŪ¨ú³o­ÓÁä½L¹ïÀ³¥H½T«O§ó°Ê¥Í®Ä¡C·í µM¦pªG§A¥¿¦b¥Î¾A¦X§A°êÄyªºÁä½L¹ïÀ³¡A§AÀ³¸Ó½s¿è¨º¤@­Ó¡C - + + + - -§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò§â DOS ¤å¦rÀÉ®×­«·s®æ¦¡¤Æ¦¨ UNIX ªº¡H + +§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò§â DOS ¤å¦rÀÉ®×­«·s®æ¦¡¤Æ¦¨ UNIX ªº¡H ²³æ¦a¨Ï¥Î³o­Ó perl ©R¥O¡G @@ -3965,39 +4875,51 @@ sendmail perl -i.bak -npe 's/\r\n/\n/g' file ... + + file ´N¬O­n³B²zªºÀɮסC³o­Ó­×§ï¬O¦b¤º³¡§¹¦¨¡A­ì©lªºÀÉ®×·|Àx¦s¦¨ °ÆÀɦW¬° .bak ªºÀɮסC + + ©ÎªÌ§A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î tr ³o­Ó©R¥O¡G tr -d '\r' < dos-text-file > unix-file + + dos-text-file ¬O¥]§t DOS ¤å¦rªºÀɮסA¦Ó unix-text-file «h¬O¥]§t Âà´«ªº¿é¥Xµ²ªG¡C³o¤ñ¨Ï¥Î perl ÁÙ­n§Ö¤W¤@ÂIÂI¡C - + + + - -§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò¥Î¦WºÙ¬å±¼ process¡H + +§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò¥Î¦WºÙ¬å±¼ process¡H ¨Ï¥Î killall¡C - + + + - -¬°¦ó¦b root ªº ACL ®É su ¦n¹³¦³°ÝÃD¡H - + +¬°¦ó¦b root ªº ACL ®É su ¦n¹³¦³°ÝÃD¡H + ³o­Ó¿ù»~¬O¦]¬° Kerberos ¤À´²»{ÃÒ¨t²Î¡C³o­Ó°ÝÃD¨Ã¤£¬O«ÜÄY­«¦ý¬O¥O¤H ¹½·Ð¡C§A¥i¥H¥Î -K ¿ï¶µ¥h°õ¦æ su¡A©Î¬O¹³¤U­Ó°ÝÃD©Ò´y­zªº²¾°£ Kerberos¡C - + + + - -§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò²¾°£ Kerberos¡H + +§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò²¾°£ Kerberos¡H ­n±q¨t²Î¸Ì²¾°£ Kerberos¡A­«¸Ë§A¥¿¦b°õ¦æªº release ª©¥»ªº bin distribution¡C¦pªG§A¦³ CDROM¡A§A¥i¥H mount cd(°²³]¦b /cdrom)¨Ã°õ @@ -4008,86 +4930,99 @@ distribution ./install.sh - + + + - -§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò¼W¥[¨t²ÎªºµêÀÀ²×ºÝ¾÷¡H + +§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò¼W¥[¨t²ÎªºµêÀÀ²×ºÝ¾÷¡H ¦pªG§A¦³³\¦h telnet¡Assh¡AX ©Î¬O screen ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡A§A©Î³\·|¥Î§¹µêÀÀ -²×ºÝ¾÷¡A³o¯à±Ð§A«ç»ò¥[§ó¦h¡G + ²×ºÝ¾÷¡A³o¯à±Ð§A«ç»ò¥[§ó¦h¡G - + «Ø¥ß¨Ã¦w¸Ë¤@­Ó·sªº®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡¨Ã¥B¥[¤J³o¦æ¨ì³]©wÀÉ¡G + pseudo-device pty 256 - + + °õ¦æ³o­Ó©R¥O¡G + # cd /dev # ./MAKEDEV pty{1,2,3,4,5,6,7} - + ·|³y¥X 256 ­ÓµêÀÀ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº¸Ë¸m¸`ÂI¡C - + ½s¿è /etc/ttys ¨Ã¥[¤J²Å¦X 256 ­Ó²×ºÝ¾÷ªº¦æ¼Æ¡C¥¦­ÌÀ³ -¸Ó²Å¦X¤w¸g¦s¦b³æ¶µªº®æ¦¡¡AÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A¥¦­Ì¬Ý°_¨Ó¹³¡G + ¸Ó²Å¦X¤w¸g¦s¦b³æ¶µªº®æ¦¡¡AÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A¥¦­Ì¬Ý°_¨Ó¹³¡G + ttyqc none network - + ¦r¥À³]­pªº¶¶§Ç¬O tty[pqrsPQRS][0-9a-v]¡A¨Ï¥Î¥¿³Wªí¥Ü¦¡¡C - + -¥Î·sªº®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡­«·s±Ò°Ê¹q¸£´N¥i¥H¤F¡C +¥Î·sªº®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡­«·s±Ò°Ê¹q¸£´N¥i¥H¤F¡C + - + + + - -/dev/snd0 ³o­Ó¸Ë¸m°µ¤£¥X¨Ó¡I + +/dev/snd0 ³o­Ó¸Ë¸m°µ¤£¥X¨Ó¡I ¥i¥H¥Î³o­Ó©R¥O²£¥Í­µ®Ä¥d©Ò»Ý­nªº snd0 ¸Ë¸m¡G # cd /dev # sh MAKEDEV snd0 -³o­Ó©R¥O¨Ã¤£·|°µ¥X /dev/snd0¡A¦Ó¬O²£¥Í mixer0¡B -audio0¡Bdsp0 ¤ÎÃþ¦üªº¸Ë¸m¡CÁöµM¦p¦¹¡A¦pªG±z·Q¨Ï¥Î -­µ®Ä¡A¤´µM­n°õ¦æ³o­Ó©R¥O¡C + - +³o­Ó©R¥O¨Ã¤£·|°µ¥X /dev/snd0¡A¦Ó¬O²£¥Í mixer0¡B + audio0¡Bdsp0 ¤ÎÃþ¦üªº¸Ë¸m¡CÁöµM¦p¦¹¡A¦pªG±z·Q¨Ï¥Î + ­µ®Ä¡A¤´µM­n°õ¦æ³o­Ó©R¥O¡C + + + + - -¥i¥H¤£¥Î¶}¾÷¡A­«·sŪ¨ú /etc/rc.conf¡B¦A¦¸±Ò°Ê /etc/rc ¶Ü¡H - + +¥i¥H¤£¥Î¶}¾÷¡A­«·sŪ¨ú /etc/rc.conf¡B¦A¦¸±Ò°Ê /etc/rc ¶Ü¡H + ¥ý¶i¤J³æ¤H¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¼Ò¦¡¡AµM«á¦A¦^¨ì¦h¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¼Ò¦¡¡C -¦b¥D±±¥x°õ¦æ¡G + ¦b¥D±±¥x°õ¦æ¡G # shutdown now (Note: without -r or -h) @@ -4095,79 +5030,91 @@ distribution # exit - + + + - -¤°»ò¬O sandbox¡H + +¤°»ò¬O sandbox¡H "Sandbox" ¬O¨t²Î¦w¥þ¥Îªº³N»y¡A¦³¨â­Ó·N¸q¡G - + - + ©ñ¦b¬Y¨ÇµêÀÀ¨¾Å@Àð¸Ìªº°õ¦æµ{§Ç¡A³o¨Ç¨¾Å@Àð¬O¥Î¨Óªý¤î¬Y¨Ç¤H«I¤J -³o¹Dµ{§Ç¡A¶i¦Ó¥X¤J©ó§ó¤jªº¨t²Î¤¤¡C + ³o¹Dµ{§Ç¡A¶i¦Ó¥X¤J©ó§ó¤jªº¨t²Î¤¤¡C - + ³o¹Dµ{§Ç¥i¥H§¹¥þ¦b¨¾Å@Àð¸Ì°Ê§@¡C¤]´N¬O»¡¡A¥¦©Ò°õ¦æªº¥ô¦óµ{¦¡¤£ -¥i¯à·|º¯³z¨ìÀ𪺥~­±¡C©Ò¥H¦pªG±z¹ï¥¦¦³¦w¥þ¤WªºÅU¼{¡A¨Ã¤£»Ý­n¯S§O¥h -ºÊÅ¥¥¦ªº¤@Á|¤@°Ê¡A¤Ï¥¿¥¦¥u¯à¦bÀ𤺬¡°Ê¡C + ¥i¯à·|º¯³z¨ìÀ𪺥~­±¡C©Ò¥H¦pªG±z¹ï¥¦¦³¦w¥þ¤WªºÅU¼{¡A¨Ã¤£»Ý­n¯S§O¥h + ºÊÅ¥¥¦ªº¤@Á|¤@°Ê¡A¤Ï¥¿¥¦¥u¯à¦bÀ𤺬¡°Ê¡C - + Á|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A¥i¥H¥Î userid ¨Ó°µ³o¹D¨¾Å@Àð¡A³o¥¿¬O security(7) ©M -named(8) »¡©ú¤å¥ó¤¤ªº©w¸q¡C + named(8) »¡©ú¤å¥ó¤¤ªº©w¸q¡C - + ²{¦b´N¥Î 'ntalk' ³o­ÓªA°È§@»¡©ú¡]¨£ /etc/inetd.conf¡^¡C³o­ÓªA°È -¥H«eªº userid ¬O root¡A²{¦b°õ¦æ®É«h¬O¥Î tty¡Ctty ³o­Ó userid ´N¬O¤@ -­Ó sandbox¡A¦pªG¦³¤H¯à°÷¶¶§Q¥Î ntalk «I¤J¨t²Î¡A²{¦b¥L´Nºâ¶i±o¨Ó¤]¥u -¯à¥Î tty ³o­Ó userid¡C + ¥H«eªº userid ¬O root¡A²{¦b°õ¦æ®É«h¬O¥Î tty¡Ctty ³o­Ó userid ´N¬O¤@ + ­Ó sandbox¡A¦pªG¦³¤H¯à°÷¶¶§Q¥Î ntalk «I¤J¨t²Î¡A²{¦b¥L´Nºâ¶i±o¨Ó¤]¥u + ¯à¥Î tty ³o­Ó userid¡C + - + ©ñ¦b¬Y­Ó¼ÒÀÀ¾÷¾¹¸Ìªºµ{¦¡¡A³o¤ñ¤W­z¨Ó±o§óÄY±K¡C°ò¥»¤W³oªí¥Ü¯à«I¤J -¸Óµ{¦¡ªº¤H¬Û«H¥L¯à¦A¶i¤J©ÒÄݪº¾÷¾¹¡A¦ý¨Æ¹ê¤W¥u·|¶i¤J¼ÒÀÀ¥X¨Óªº¾÷¾¹¡A -µLªk¶i¤@¨B­×§ï¥ô¦ó¸ê®Æ¡C + ¸Óµ{¦¡ªº¤H¬Û«H¥L¯à¦A¶i¤J©ÒÄݪº¾÷¾¹¡A¦ý¨Æ¹ê¤W¥u·|¶i¤J¼ÒÀÀ¥X¨Óªº¾÷¾¹¡A + µLªk¶i¤@¨B­×§ï¥ô¦ó¸ê®Æ¡C - 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+ + + X Window System ¤Î Virtual Consoles - -§Ú·Q­n°õ¦æ X ¡A§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò°µ¡H + +§Ú·Q­n°õ¦æ X ¡A§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò°µ¡H ³Ì²³æªº¤èªk´N¬O¦b¦w¸Ë¨t²Îªº®É­Ô¤@¨Ö¦w¸Ë¡C + + µM«á¬Ý¬Ý xf86config ªº man page ¡A³o­Óµ{¦¡¥i¥HÀ°±z³]©w XFree86(tm) ¨Ï¥¦ -¯à°÷¨Ï¥Î±zªºÅã¥Ü¥d/·Æ¹«µ¥¶gÃä¡C + ¯à°÷¨Ï¥Î±zªºÅã¥Ü¥d/·Æ¹«µ¥¶gÃä¡C + + ±z©Î³\¤]·Q¸Õ¸Õ¬Ý Xaccel server¡C¸Ô±¡½Ð¬Ý ©Î¬O ³o¤@¬q¡C - + + + - -¬°¤°»ò§Ú¤£¯à¦b X ¸Ì¨Ï¥Î·Æ¹«¡H +¬°¤°»ò§Ú¤£¯à¦b X ¸Ì¨Ï¥Î·Æ¹«¡H ¦pªG±z¥Îªº¬O syscons (¤º©wªº console ÅX°Êµ{¦¡) ªº¸Ü¡A±z¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ³]©w -FreeBSD ¨ÓÅý¥¦¤ä´©¦b¨C­Ó virtual console ¨Ï¥Î·Æ¹«¡C¬°¤FÁקK©M X ²£¥Í½Ä -¬ð¡Asyscons ¨Ï¥Î¤F¤@­Ó¥s°µ``/dev/sysmouse''ªºµêÀÀ¸Ë¸m¡C©Ò¦³·Æ -¹«²£¥Íªº event ³£·|§Q¥Î MouseSystems ³o­Ó¨ó©w¨Ó¶Ç¨ì sysmouse ³o­Ó¸Ë¸m -¡C¦pªG±z§Æ±æ¦b¤@­Ó©Î¥H¤Wªº virtual console ¤W¨Ï¥Î·Æ¹«¡A¨Ã¥B ¯à°÷ -¨Ï¥Î X ªº¸Ü¡A§Ú­Ì«Øij±z³o¼Ë³]©w¡G + FreeBSD ¨ÓÅý¥¦¤ä´©¦b¨C­Ó virtual console ¨Ï¥Î·Æ¹«¡C¬°¤FÁקK©M X ²£¥Í½Ä + ¬ð¡Asyscons ¨Ï¥Î¤F¤@­Ó¥s°µ``/dev/sysmouse''ªºµêÀÀ¸Ë¸m¡C©Ò¦³·Æ + ¹«²£¥Íªº event ³£·|§Q¥Î MouseSystems ³o­Ó¨ó©w¨Ó¶Ç¨ì sysmouse ³o­Ó¸Ë¸m + ¡C¦pªG±z§Æ±æ¦b¤@­Ó©Î¥H¤Wªº virtual console ¤W¨Ï¥Î·Æ¹«¡A¨Ã¥B ¯à°÷ + ¨Ï¥Î X ªº¸Ü¡A§Ú­Ì«Øij±z³o¼Ë³]©w¡G - + /etc/rc.conf: moused_type=ps/2 # or whatever your actual type is moused_port=/dev/psm0 # or whatever your real port is @@ -4212,60 +5165,74 @@ FreeBSD -¦³¨Ç¤H¤ñ¸û³ßÅw¦b³]©w X ªº®É­Ô¥Î "/dev/mouse" ³o­Ó¸Ë¸m¡C¦p -ªG±z­nÅý¥¦¯à°÷¥¿±`¤u§@ªº¸Ü¡A±z´N¥²¶·§â "/dev/mouse" ³sµ²¨ì -/dev/sysmouse¡G + - +¦³¨Ç¤H¤ñ¸û³ßÅw¦b³]©w X ªº®É­Ô¥Î "/dev/mouse" ³o­Ó¸Ë¸m¡C¦p + ªG±z­nÅý¥¦¯à°÷¥¿±`¤u§@ªº¸Ü¡A±z´N¥²¶·§â "/dev/mouse" ³sµ²¨ì + /dev/sysmouse¡G + + # cd /dev # rm -f mouse # ln -s sysmouse mouse - + + + - -X Window ªº¿ï³æ©M¹ï¸Ü®Ø¤£¯à¥¿±`¹B§@¡I + +X Window ªº¿ï³æ©M¹ï¸Ü®Ø¤£¯à¥¿±`¹B§@¡I §â Num Lock Ãö±¼¸Õ¸Õ¡C -¦pªG±zªº Num Lock ¦b¶}¾÷®Éªº¹w³]­È¬O¶}µÛªº¸Ü¡A±z¥²¶·§â¤U¦C³o¦æ©ñ¨ì -XF86Config ³]©wÀɤ¤ªº "Keyboard" ³¡¥÷¡C + - +¦pªG±zªº Num Lock ¦b¶}¾÷®Éªº¹w³]­È¬O¶}µÛªº¸Ü¡A±z¥²¶·§â¤U¦C³o¦æ©ñ¨ì + XF86Config ³]©wÀɤ¤ªº "Keyboard" ³¡¥÷¡C + + # Let the server do the NumLock processing. This should only be # required when using pre-R6 clients ServerNumLock - + + + - -¤°»ò¬O virtual console¡H§Ú­n«ç»ò°µ¤~¯à¥Î¦h¤@ÂI¡H + +¤°»ò¬O virtual console¡H§Ú­n«ç»ò°µ¤~¯à¥Î¦h¤@ÂI¡H ²³æ¨Ó»¡¡Avirtual console ´N¬O¥i¥HÅý±z¤£¥²°µ¤Ó¦h½ÆÂøªº³]©w¦p¨Ï¥Îºô -¸ô©Î°õ¦æ X ¡A¦Ó¦b¦P¤@»O¾÷¾¹¤W¦P®É°µ¦n´X¥ó¨Æªº¤èªk¡C + ¸ô©Î°õ¦æ X ¡A¦Ó¦b¦P¤@»O¾÷¾¹¤W¦P®É°µ¦n´X¥ó¨Æªº¤èªk¡C + + ·í±Ò°Ê¨t²Î¨ÃÅã¥Ü§¹©Ò¦³¶}¾÷°T®§¤§«á¡A±z´N·|¦b¿Ã¹õ¤W¬Ý¨ì¤@­Ó login ªº -´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¡C¦b³o­Ó®É­Ô±z´N¥i¥H¿é¤J±zªº login name ¥H¤Î password ¡AµM«á´N -¥i¥H¦b²Ä¤@­Ó virtual console ¤W¶}©l¤u§@¤F (©ÎªÌ¶}©lª±¡I) ¡C + ´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¡C¦b³o­Ó®É­Ô±z´N¥i¥H¿é¤J±zªº login name ¥H¤Î password ¡AµM«á´N + ¥i¥H¦b²Ä¤@­Ó virtual console ¤W¶}©l¤u§@¤F (©ÎªÌ¶}©lª±¡I) ¡C + + ¦b¬Y¨Ç±¡ªp¤U¡A±z¥i¯à·|·Q­n§@¨ä¥Lªº¤u§@¡A¨Ò¦p»¡¬O¬Ý¬Ý±z¥¿¦b°õ¦æªºµ{ -¦¡ªº»¡©ú¤å¥ó¡A©Î¬O·í±z¦b FTP ¶Ç¿éªºµ¥«Ý®É¶¡¤¤¬Ý¬Ý±zªº¶l¥ó¡C±z¥u»Ý­n«ö -Alt-F2 («ö¦í Alt Á䤣©ñ¡A¨Ã«ö¤U F2 Áä) ¡AµM«á±z´N·|¦b²Ä¤G­Ó "virtual -console" ¤W¬Ý¨ì¤@­Ó login ´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¡I·í±z·Q­n¦^¨ì­ì¨Óªº¤u§@®É¡A½Ð«ö -Alt-F1¡C + ¦¡ªº»¡©ú¤å¥ó¡A©Î¬O·í±z¦b FTP ¶Ç¿éªºµ¥«Ý®É¶¡¤¤¬Ý¬Ý±zªº¶l¥ó¡C±z¥u»Ý­n«ö + Alt-F2 («ö¦í Alt Á䤣©ñ¡A¨Ã«ö¤U F2 Áä) ¡AµM«á±z´N·|¦b²Ä¤G­Ó "virtual + console" ¤W¬Ý¨ì¤@­Ó login ´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¡I·í±z·Q­n¦^¨ì­ì¨Óªº¤u§@®É¡A½Ð«ö + Alt-F1¡C + + FreeBSD ¦b¦w¸Ë®Éªº¹w³]­È¬O¨Ï¥Î¤T­Ó virtual console ¡A±z¥i¥H¥Î -Alt-F1¡AAlt-F2¡A¥H¤Î Alt-F3 ¦b¥¦­Ì¤§¶¡°µ¤Á´«¡C + Alt-F1¡AAlt-F2¡A¥H¤Î Alt-F3 ¦b¥¦­Ì¤§¶¡°µ¤Á´«¡C -¦pªG±z·Q­n¦h¤@ÂI virtual console ªº¸Ü¡A±z¥u»Ý­n½s¿è /etc/ttys ³o­ÓÀÉ -¡A¦b "Virtual terminals" ³o­Óµù¸Ñ«á­±¥[¤J "ttyv4" ¨ì "ttyvc" -ªºÄæ¦ì¡G + ¦pªG±z·Q­n¦h¤@ÂI virtual console ªº¸Ü¡A±z¥u»Ý­n½s¿è /etc/ttys ³o­ÓÀÉ + ¡A¦b "Virtual terminals" ³o­Óµù¸Ñ«á­±¥[¤J "ttyv4" ¨ì "ttyvc" + ªºÄæ¦ì¡G - + # Edit the existing entry for ttyv3 in /etc/ttys and change # "off" to "on". ttyv3 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 on secure @@ -4280,194 +5247,246 @@ Alt-F1 + + ±z·Q¥Î´X­Ó´N³]´X­Ó¡C±z³]¶V¦h virtual terminal ¡A¥¦­Ì´N¥Î±¼¶V¦h¨t²Î -¸ê·½¡F¦pªG±z¥u¦³¤£¨ì 8MB ªº°O¾ÐÅ骺¸Ü¡A³o¼vÅT´N¤j¤F¡C±z¥i¯à¤]·|·Q§â -"secure" ´«¦¨ "insecure" ¡C + ¸ê·½¡F¦pªG±z¥u¦³¤£¨ì 8MB ªº°O¾ÐÅ骺¸Ü¡A³o¼vÅT´N¤j¤F¡C±z¥i¯à¤]·|·Q§â + "secure" ´«¦¨ "insecure" ¡C + + IMPORTANT NOTE ¦pªG±z·Q­n°õ¦æ X ªº¸Ü¡A±z ¥²¶· ¬°¥¦«O¯d ( -©ÎÃö±¼) ¦Ü¤Ö¤@­Ó virtual terminal ¡C³o´N¬O»¡¡A¦pªG±z·Q¦b«ö¤Q¤G­Ó Alt -¥\¯àÁä®É³£¦³ login ´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¡A¦Ó¥B¤S¦b¦P¤@³¡¹q¸£¤W¤]·Q°õ¦æ X ªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò -³o¯u¬O¤Ó¤£©¯¤F - ±z¥u¯à¥Î¤Q¤@­Ó¡C + ©ÎÃö±¼) ¦Ü¤Ö¤@­Ó virtual terminal ¡C³o´N¬O»¡¡A¦pªG±z·Q¦b«ö¤Q¤G­Ó Alt + ¥\¯àÁä®É³£¦³ login ´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¡A¦Ó¥B¤S¦b¦P¤@³¡¹q¸£¤W¤]·Q°õ¦æ X ªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò + ³o¯u¬O¤Ó¤£©¯¤F - ±z¥u¯à¥Î¤Q¤@­Ó¡C + + ¨ú®ø¤@­Ó console ³Ì²³æªº¤èªk´N¬O§â¥¦Ãö±¼¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A¦pªG±z¹³¤W­±Á¿ -ªº¤@¼Ë³]©w¤F¥þ³¡ªº 12 ­Ó terminal ¨Ã¥B·Q­n°õ¦æ X ¡A±z¥²»Ý§â virtual -terminal 12 ±q¡G + ªº¤@¼Ë³]©w¤F¥þ³¡ªº 12 ­Ó terminal ¨Ã¥B·Q­n°õ¦æ X ¡A±z¥²»Ý§â virtual + terminal 12 ±q¡G - + ttyvb "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 on secure + + ³]¦¨¡G - + ttyvb "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 off secure + + ¦pªG±zªºÁä½L¥u¦³ 10 ­Ó¥\¯àÁ䪺¸Ü¡A±z´N­n§ï¦¨³o¼Ë¡G - + ttyv9 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 off secure ttyva "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 off secure ttyvb "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 off secure + + (±z¤]¥i¥Hª½±µ§â³o´X¦æ¬å±¼¡C) -¤@¥¹±z§ï¤F /etc/ttys¡A -¤U¤@­Ó¨BÆJ´N¬O­n½T©w±z¦³¨¬°÷ªº virtual terminal ¸Ë¸m¡C³Ì²³æªº¤èªk´N¬O¡G + - +¤@¥¹±z§ï¤F /etc/ttys¡A + ¤U¤@­Ó¨BÆJ´N¬O­n½T©w±z¦³¨¬°÷ªº virtual terminal ¸Ë¸m¡C³Ì²³æªº¤èªk´N¬O¡G + + # cd /dev # ./MAKEDEV vty12 # For 12 devices -¦A¹L¨Ó¡A·Q­n±Ò°Ê³o¨Ç virtual console ³Ì²³æ (¤]¬O³Ì°®²b) ªº°µªk´N¬O -­«¶}¾÷¡CµM«á¡A¦pªG±z¤£·Q­«¶}¾÷ªº¸Ü¡A±z¥i¥H§â X Window Ãö±¼¡AµM«á¥Î -root ªº¨­¥÷°õ¦æ¤U¦C«ü¥O¡G + - +¦A¹L¨Ó¡A·Q­n±Ò°Ê³o¨Ç virtual console ³Ì²³æ (¤]¬O³Ì°®²b) ªº°µªk´N¬O + ­«¶}¾÷¡CµM«á¡A¦pªG±z¤£·Q­«¶}¾÷ªº¸Ü¡A±z¥i¥H§â X Window Ãö±¼¡AµM«á¥Î + root ªº¨­¥÷°õ¦æ¤U¦C«ü¥O¡G + + kill -HUP 1 -·í±z°õ¦æ³o­Ó©R¥O«e¡A±z¤@©w­n§¹¥þ§â X Window Ãö±¼¡C¦pªG±z¤£³o»ò°µªº -¸Ü¡A±zªº¨t²Î¥i¯à·|¦b±z°õ¦æ kill ©R¥O«á¥X²{·í±¼©ÎÂꦺªº±¡ªp¡C + - 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+ + + - -·í§Ú°õ¦æ xconsole ®É¡Aµo¥Í¤F "Couldn't open console" ªº¿ù»~ + +·í§Ú°õ¦æ xconsole ®É¡Aµo¥Í¤F "Couldn't open console" ªº¿ù»~ ¦pªG±z¬O¥Î startx ¨Ó±Ò°Ê X ªº¸Ü¡A/dev/console ªºÅv­­¨Ã¤£·|§ïÅÜ¡Aµ²ªG´N¬O xterm -C ©M xconsole ³oÃþªºµ{¦¡µLªk¥¿±`°õ¦æ¡C + + ³o¤@¤Áªº°ÝÃD¡A³£¬O¦]¬° console ªºÅv­­¬O±Ä¥Î¨t²Î¹w³]­È¡C¦b¤@­Ó¦h¨Ï¥Î -ªÌªº¨t²Î¸Ì¡A§Ú­Ì¤£§Æ±æ¨C­Ó¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³£¥i¥Hª½±µ¼g¤J¨t²Î console ¡C¦pªG¨Ï -¥ÎªÌ¬O±q¾÷¾¹ªº VTY ª½±µ login ªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò -fbtab -¥i¥H¸Ñ¨M³oÃþªº°ÝÃD¡C + ªÌªº¨t²Î¸Ì¡A§Ú­Ì¤£§Æ±æ¨C­Ó¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³£¥i¥Hª½±µ¼g¤J¨t²Î console ¡C¦pªG¨Ï + ¥ÎªÌ¬O±q¾÷¾¹ªº VTY ª½±µ login ªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò + fbtab + ¥i¥H¸Ñ¨M³oÃþªº°ÝÃD¡C + + ²³æ¦a»¡¡A½Ð½T«O -/etc/fbtab ³o­ÓÀɮפ¤ªº³o¤@¦æ¨S¦³³Qµù¸Ñ±¼¡G + /etc/fbtab ³o­ÓÀɮפ¤ªº³o¤@¦æ¨S¦³³Qµù¸Ñ±¼¡G - + /dev/ttyv0 0600 /dev/console -³o¤@¦æ³]©wªº¦s¦b¥i¥H½T«O±q /dev/ttyv0 µn¤Jªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¥i¥H±±¨î -console ¡C + ³o¤@¦æ³]©wªº¦s¦b¥i¥H½T«O±q /dev/ttyv0 µn¤Jªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¥i¥H±±¨î + console ¡C - + + + - -§Úªº PS/2 ·Æ¹«¦b X ¤¤¦³ÂI¤£¥¿±` + +§Úªº PS/2 ·Æ¹«¦b X ¤¤¦³ÂI¤£¥¿±` ±zªº·Æ¹«©M±zªº·Æ¹«ÅX°Êµ{¦¡¥i¯à¦s¦b¦³¤£¦P¨Bªº²{¶H¡C -¦b 2.2.5 ¥H¤Î§ó¦­ªº¨t²Î¸Ì¡A±q X ¤Á¨ì virtual terminal µM«á¦A¤Á¦^¨Ó -´N¥i¥H¨Ï¥¦­Ì­«·s°µ¦P¨Bªº°Ê§@¡C¦pªG³o­Ó°ÝÃD±`±`µo¥Íªº¸Ü¡A±z¥i¥H¦b±zªº -®Ö¤ß³]©wÀɤ¤¥[¤J¤U­±³o­Ó¿ï¶µµM«á­«·s½sĶ¡G + - +¦b 2.2.5 ¥H¤Î§ó¦­ªº¨t²Î¸Ì¡A±q X ¤Á¨ì virtual terminal µM«á¦A¤Á¦^¨Ó + ´N¥i¥H¨Ï¥¦­Ì­«·s°µ¦P¨Bªº°Ê§@¡C¦pªG³o­Ó°ÝÃD±`±`µo¥Íªº¸Ü¡A±z¥i¥H¦b±zªº + ®Ö¤ß³]©wÀɤ¤¥[¤J¤U­±³o­Ó¿ï¶µµM«á­«·s½sĶ¡G + + options PSM_CHECKSYNC + + ¦pªG±z¨S¦³«Ø¥ß®Ö¤ßªº¸gÅç¡A½Ð¬Ý - ³o¤@¸`¡C + ³o¤@¸`¡C + + ¥[¤W³o­Ó¿ï¶µ¥H«á¡A·Æ¹«©M·Æ¹«ÅX°Êµ{¦¡¶¡ªº¦P¨B°ÝÃDÀ³¸Ó´N¤ñ¸û¤£·|¥X²{ -¤F¡C¦pªG³o­Ó°ÝÃD¤´µM¦s¦bªº¸Ü¡A¦b²¾°Ê·Æ¹«®É«ö«ö·Æ¹««öÁä¥i¥H¨Ï·Æ¹«©M·Æ -¹«ÅX°Êµ{¦¡­«·s°µ¦P¨Bªº°Ê§@¡C + ¤F¡C¦pªG³o­Ó°ÝÃD¤´µM¦s¦bªº¸Ü¡A¦b²¾°Ê·Æ¹«®É«ö«ö·Æ¹««öÁä¥i¥H¨Ï·Æ¹«©M·Æ + ¹«ÅX°Êµ{¦¡­«·s°µ¦P¨Bªº°Ê§@¡C + + ¸Óª`·Nªº¬O³o­Ó¿ï¶µ¨Ã¤£¬O¹ï¨C¤@­Ó¨t²Î³£¦³®Ä¡A¥¦¥i¯à·|Åý±µ¦b PS/2 ·Æ -¹«¦ì¸mªº ALPS GlidePoint ¸Ë¸m¥¢¥h "tap" ³o¶µ¥\¯à¡C + ¹«¦ì¸mªº ALPS GlidePoint ¸Ë¸m¥¢¥h "tap" ³o¶µ¥\¯à¡C + + ¦b 2.2.6 ¤Î¨ä«áªºª©¥»¡A¦P¨Bªº½T»{¤w¸g¦³¤F¸û¦nªº¸Ñ¨M¿ìªk¡A¦Ó¥B³o¨Ç³£ -¤w¸g¬O PS/2 ·Æ¹«ÅX°Êµ{¦¡ªº¼Ð·Ç¤F¡C³o­Ó¤èªk¤]¥i¥H¦b GlidePoint ¤W¥¿±`¤u -§@¡C (¦]¬°½T»{ªºµ{¦¡½X¤w¸g¦¨¬°¤@­Ó¼Ð·Ç¥\¯à¡A©Ò¥H¦b³o¨Çª©¥»¤¤§Ú­Ì¤£¦b´£ -¨Ñ PSM_CHECKSYNC ªº¿ï¶µ¤F¡C) ¤£¹L¦b·¥¤Ö¼Æªº®×¨Ò¤¤¡A³o¨ÇÅX°Êµ{¦¡·|»~³ø -¦P¨B©Ê¿ù»~¡AµM«á±z´N·|¬Ý¨ì³o¼Ëªº®Ö¤ß°T®§¡G + ¤w¸g¬O PS/2 ·Æ¹«ÅX°Êµ{¦¡ªº¼Ð·Ç¤F¡C³o­Ó¤èªk¤]¥i¥H¦b GlidePoint ¤W¥¿±`¤u + §@¡C (¦]¬°½T»{ªºµ{¦¡½X¤w¸g¦¨¬°¤@­Ó¼Ð·Ç¥\¯à¡A©Ò¥H¦b³o¨Çª©¥»¤¤§Ú­Ì¤£¦b´£ + ¨Ñ PSM_CHECKSYNC ªº¿ï¶µ¤F¡C) ¤£¹L¦b·¥¤Ö¼Æªº®×¨Ò¤¤¡A³o¨ÇÅX°Êµ{¦¡·|»~³ø + ¦P¨B©Ê¿ù»~¡AµM«á±z´N·|¬Ý¨ì³o¼Ëªº®Ö¤ß°T®§¡G - + psmintr: out of sync (xxxx != yyyy) -µM«á±z´N·|µo²{±zªº·Æ¹«¤£¯à¥¿±`¹B§@¤F¡C + µM«á±z´N·|µo²{±zªº·Æ¹«¤£¯à¥¿±`¹B§@¤F¡C + + ¦pªG±zµo¥Í¤F³o¼Ëªºª¬ªp¡A±z¥²¶·Âǥѧâ PS/2 ·Æ¹«ÅX°Êµ{¦¡ªº flag ³]¦¨ -0x100 ¨Ó§â¦P¨B½T»{ªºµ{¦¡½Xµ¹¨ú®ø±¼¡CµM«á¦b¶}¾÷´£¥Ü²Å¸¹®É¥Î -"" ¿ï¶µ¨Ó¶i¤J UserConfig¡G + 0x100 ¨Ó§â¦P¨B½T»{ªºµ{¦¡½Xµ¹¨ú®ø±¼¡CµM«á¦b¶}¾÷´£¥Ü²Å¸¹®É¥Î + "" ¿ï¶µ¨Ó¶i¤J UserConfig¡G - + boot: -c -µM«á¡A¦b UserConfig ªº©R¥O¦C¤¤Áä¤J¡G + µM«á¡A¦b UserConfig ªº©R¥O¦C¤¤Áä¤J¡G - + UserConfig> flags psm0 0x100 UserConfig> quit - + + + - -§Úªº PS/2 ·Æ¹«¤£¯à³z¹L MouseSystem ¨Ó¹B§@ + +§Úªº PS/2 ·Æ¹«¤£¯à³z¹L MouseSystem ¨Ó¹B§@ ¦³¤@¨Ç³ø§i«ü¥X¬Y¨Ç¼tµPªº PS/2 ·Æ¹«¥u¯à¦b "°ª¸ÑªR«×" ª¬ºA¤U¤~¯à¹B§@ -¡C¦pªG¤£¬Oªº¸Ü¡A·Æ¹«´å¼Ð·|±`±`¶]¨ì¿Ã¹õªº¥ª¤W¨¤¥h¡C + ¡C¦pªG¤£¬Oªº¸Ü¡A·Æ¹«´å¼Ð·|±`±`¶]¨ì¿Ã¹õªº¥ª¤W¨¤¥h¡C + + «D±`¤£©¯ªº¡A³o­Ó°ÝÃD¦b 2.0.X ©M 2.1.X ¤U¬OµL¸Ñªº¡C¦b 2.2 ¨ì 2.2.5 -ª©¡A±z¥i¥H¹ï /sys/i386/isa/psm.c ¨Ï¥Î¤U¦C patch µM«á­««Ø±zªº -®Ö¤ß¡C¦pªG±z¨S¦³«Ø¥ß®Ö¤ßªº¸gÅç¡A½Ð¬Ý - ³o¸`¡C + ª©¡A±z¥i¥H¹ï /sys/i386/isa/psm.c ¨Ï¥Î¤U¦C patch µM«á­««Ø±zªº + ®Ö¤ß¡C¦pªG±z¨S¦³«Ø¥ß®Ö¤ßªº¸gÅç¡A½Ð¬Ý + ³o¸`¡C - + diff -u psm.c.orig psm.c @@ -766,6 +766,8 @@ if (verbose >= 2) @@ -4481,131 +5500,146 @@ console -¦b 2.2.6 ¤Î¥H«áªºª©¥»¡A¦b PS/2 ·Æ¹«ÅX°Êµ{¦¡¤¤³]©w 0x04 ªº flag ·| -§â·Æ¹«³]¦¨°ª¸ÑªR«×¼Ò¦¡¡C¦b¶}¾÷´£¥Ü²Å¸¹®É¥Î "" ¿ï¶µ¨Ó¶i¤J -UserConfig¡G + - +¦b 2.2.6 ¤Î¥H«áªºª©¥»¡A¦b PS/2 ·Æ¹«ÅX°Êµ{¦¡¤¤³]©w 0x04 ªº flag ·| + §â·Æ¹«³]¦¨°ª¸ÑªR«×¼Ò¦¡¡C¦b¶}¾÷´£¥Ü²Å¸¹®É¥Î "" ¿ï¶µ¨Ó¶i¤J + UserConfig¡G + + boot: -c -µM«á¡A¦b UserConfig ªº©R¥O¦C¤¤Áä¤J¡G + µM«á¡A¦b UserConfig ªº©R¥O¦C¤¤Áä¤J¡G - + UserConfig> flags psm0 0x04 UserConfig> quit + + «e¤@¸`¦³´£¨ì¥t¤@­Ó¥i¯à¾É­P·Æ¹«°ÝÃDªº­ì¦]¡C - + + + - -·í§Ú«Ø¥ß X µ{¦¡®É¡A<emphasis remap=tt>imake</emphasis> »¡¥¦§ä¤£¨ì <filename>Imake.tmpl</filename> ¡C¥¦¦b¨º¡H - + +·í§Ú«Ø¥ß X µ{¦¡®É¡Aimake »¡¥¦§ä¤£¨ì Imake.tmpl ¡C¥¦¦b¨º¡H + Imake.tmpl ¬O Imake ®M¥óªº¤@³¡¥÷¡AImake ¬O¼Ð·Çªº«Ø¥ß X µ{¦¡ªº¤u¨ã¡C -Imake.tmpl ©M¨ä¥L¼Æ­Ó header file ¤@¼Ë¬O«Ø¥ß X µ{¦¡ªº¥²­nÀɮסA±z¥i¥H¦b -X prog distribution ¤¤§ä¨ì¥¦­Ì¡C±z¥i¥H¥Î sysinstall ¨Ó¦w¸Ë©Î¬Oª½±µ±q -X distribution ¤¤¤â°Ê¦w¸Ë¡C + Imake.tmpl ©M¨ä¥L¼Æ­Ó header file ¤@¼Ë¬O«Ø¥ß X µ{¦¡ªº¥²­nÀɮסA±z¥i¥H¦b + X prog distribution ¤¤§ä¨ì¥¦­Ì¡C±z¥i¥H¥Î sysinstall ¨Ó¦w¸Ë©Î¬Oª½±µ±q + X distribution ¤¤¤â°Ê¦w¸Ë¡C - + + + - -§Ú­n«ç»ò°µ¤~¯à³]©w¥ªºJ¤l¥Îªº·Æ¹«¡H - + +§Ú­n«ç»ò°µ¤~¯à³]©w¥ªºJ¤l¥Îªº·Æ¹«¡H + ¦b±zªº .xinitrc ©Î¬O .xsession ¤¤°õ¦æ - xmodmap -e "pointer = 3 2 1" ªº«ü¥O¡C + xmodmap -e "pointer = 3 2 1" ªº«ü¥O¡C + - + - -­n¦p¦ó¦w¸Ë splash ¹Ï§ÎÅã¥Üµ{¦¡¡H¨º¸Ì¥i¥H§ä±o¨ì©O¡H - + +­n¦p¦ó¦w¸Ë splash ¹Ï§ÎÅã¥Üµ{¦¡¡H¨º¸Ì¥i¥H§ä±o¨ì©O¡H + ´N¦bµo¦æ FreeBSD 3.1 ¤§«e¡A§Ú­Ì¥[¶i¤F¦b¶}¾÷®ÉÅã¥Ü "splash" -¹Ï§Îªº·s¥\¯à¡C¥Ø«e¥Î¨ÓÅã¥Ü¦b¿Ã¹õ¤WªºÀÉ®×¥²¶·¬O 256 ¦âªºÂI¯x°}¹Ï§Î -¡]*.BMP ¡B©Î ZSoft PCX¡]*.PCX ªº®æ¦¡¡C°£¦¹¤§¥~¡A¸ÑªR -«×¤]¥²¶·¦b 320x200 ¥H¤U¡A¤~¯à©M¼Ð·Ç VGA Åã¥Ü¥d·f°t¨Ï¥Î¡C¦pªG±z½sĶ -kernel ®É¦³¥[¤J VESA ¤ä´©¡A¨º»ò³Ì¤j¸ÑªR«×¥i¥H¨ì 1024x768¡Cª`·N VESA ªº -¤ä´©»Ý­n¥[¤J VM86 ³o­Ó kernel ¿ï¶µ¡CVESA ¤ä´©¹ê»Ú¤W¥i¥H¦b½sĶ -kernel ®É¥[¤J VESA ¿ï¶µ¡B©Î¸ü¤J VESA ªº kld module ¨Ó¹F¦¨¡C + ¹Ï§Îªº·s¥\¯à¡C¥Ø«e¥Î¨ÓÅã¥Ü¦b¿Ã¹õ¤WªºÀÉ®×¥²¶·¬O 256 ¦âªºÂI¯x°}¹Ï§Î + ¡]*.BMP ¡B©Î ZSoft PCX¡]*.PCX ªº®æ¦¡¡C°£¦¹¤§¥~¡A¸ÑªR + «×¤]¥²¶·¦b 320x200 ¥H¤U¡A¤~¯à©M¼Ð·Ç VGA Åã¥Ü¥d·f°t¨Ï¥Î¡C¦pªG±z½sĶ + kernel ®É¦³¥[¤J VESA ¤ä´©¡A¨º»ò³Ì¤j¸ÑªR«×¥i¥H¨ì 1024x768¡Cª`·N VESA ªº + ¤ä´©»Ý­n¥[¤J VM86 ³o­Ó kernel ¿ï¶µ¡CVESA ¤ä´©¹ê»Ú¤W¥i¥H¦b½sĶ + kernel ®É¥[¤J VESA ¿ï¶µ¡B©Î¸ü¤J VESA ªº kld module ¨Ó¹F¦¨¡C + + ±z­n­×§ï±±¨î FreeBSD ¶}¾÷¨BÆJªº³]©wÀÉ¡A¤~¯à¨Ï¥Î splash Åã¥Ü¹Ï§Îªº¥\ -¯à¡C³]©wÀɦbµo¦æ FreeBSD 3.2 «e¦³¨Ç§ó°Ê¡A©Ò¥H²{¦b¦³¨â­Ó¤èªk¥i¥H¸ü¤J -splash ªº¥\¯à¡G + ¯à¡C³]©wÀɦbµo¦æ FreeBSD 3.2 «e¦³¨Ç§ó°Ê¡A©Ò¥H²{¦b¦³¨â­Ó¤èªk¥i¥H¸ü¤J + splash ªº¥\¯à¡G - + FreeBSD 3.1 - + ¥ý¿ï¥X¥Î¨ÓÅã¥Ü¦b¿Ã¹õ¤Wªº¹Ï§Î¡A3.1 ª©¥u¤ä´© Windows ªºÂI¯x°}®æ¦¡¡C -¿ï¦n¤F±z­nªº¹ÏÀÉ«á¡A±N¥¦«þ¨ì /boot/splash.bmp¡C±µµÛ§â¤U­±´X -¦æ¥[¤J /boot/loader.rc ¤¤¡G + ¿ï¦n¤F±z­nªº¹ÏÀÉ«á¡A±N¥¦«þ¨ì /boot/splash.bmp¡C±µµÛ§â¤U­±´X + ¦æ¥[¤J /boot/loader.rc ¤¤¡G - + load kernel load -t splash_image_data /boot/splash.bmp load splash_bmp autoboot - + + FreeBSD 3.2 ¥H«áªºª©¥» - + °£¤F¥[¤J¹ï PCX Àɮתº¤ä´©¥~¡AFreeBSD 3.2 ¤]§ï¶i¤F¶}¾÷µ{§Çªº³]©w -¤è¦¡¡C¦pªG±zÄ@·Nªº¸Ü¡A¥i¥H¥Î¤W­z FreeBSD 3.1 ªº¤èªk¡A±N -splash_bmp ´«¦¨ splash_pcx ¨Ó¸ü¤J PCX ÀɮקY¥i¡C -¦pªG·Q¥Î·sªº³]©w¤è¦¡¡A±zªº /boot/loader.rc ¥²¶·¥]¬A³o´X¦æ¡G + ¤è¦¡¡C¦pªG±zÄ@·Nªº¸Ü¡A¥i¥H¥Î¤W­z FreeBSD 3.1 ªº¤èªk¡A±N + splash_bmp ´«¦¨ splash_pcx ¨Ó¸ü¤J PCX ÀɮקY¥i¡C + ¦pªG·Q¥Î·sªº³]©w¤è¦¡¡A±zªº /boot/loader.rc ¥²¶·¥]¬A³o´X¦æ¡G - + include /boot/loader.4th start - + ¨Ã¥B /boot/loader.conf ¤]­n¥]¬A³o´X¦æ¡G - + splash_bmp_load="YES" bitmap_load="YES" - + ³o¬O°²³]±z¥Î /boot/splash.bmp ¨Ó·í§@ splash ªº¿Ã¹õÅã -¥Ü¡C¦pªG·Q¥Î PCX ªºÀɮסA±N¥¦«þ¦¨ /boot/splash.pcx¡A¦p¤W -­z°µ¥X /boot/loader.rc¡A¦A±N³o´X¦æ¥[¨ì -/boot/loader.conf ¤¤¡G + ¥Ü¡C¦pªG·Q¥Î PCX ªºÀɮסA±N¥¦«þ¦¨ /boot/splash.pcx¡A¦p¤W + ­z°µ¥X /boot/loader.rc¡A¦A±N³o´X¦æ¥[¨ì + /boot/loader.conf ¤¤¡G - + splash_pcx_load="YES" bitmap_load="YES" bitmap_name="/boot/splash.pcx" - + + + + ²{¦b´N¥u³Ñ¤U splash ¥Î¨ÓÅã¥Üªº¹ÏÀÉ¡A±z¥i¥H¦b http://www.cslab.vt.edu/~jobaldwi/splash/ §ä¨ì¦UºØ¼Ë«~. - + ºô¸ô³]©w - -§ÚÀ³¸Ó¨ì­þÃä§ä¦³ÃöµLºÏºÐ¶}¾÷ (diskless booting) ªº¸ê®Æ? + +§ÚÀ³¸Ó¨ì­þÃä§ä¦³ÃöµLºÏºÐ¶}¾÷ (diskless booting) ªº¸ê®Æ? µLºÏºÐ¶}¾÷´N¬OÅý FreeBSD ¥D¾÷±qºô¸ô¤W¶}¾÷,¨Ã¥B±qºô¸ô¤Wªº server ¤WŪ¨ú -¨ä¥L¥²­nªºÀÉ®×,¦Ó«D¥Ñ¥D¾÷ªºµwºÐ¤W¨ú±o³o¨ÇÀɮסC ¸Ô²Óªº¸ê®Æ¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò -FreeBSD ¤â¥UªºµLºÏºÐ¶}¾÷½g + ¨ä¥L¥²­nªºÀÉ®×,¦Ó«D¥Ñ¥D¾÷ªºµwºÐ¤W¨ú±o³o¨ÇÀɮסC ¸Ô²Óªº¸ê®Æ¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò + FreeBSD ¤â¥UªºµLºÏºÐ¶}¾÷½g - + + + - - FreeBSD ªº¥D¾÷¥i¥H·í§@¬Y­Óºô¸ô¤Wªº¸ô¥Ñ¾¹ (router) ¶Ü ? - + + FreeBSD ªº¥D¾÷¥i¥H·í§@¬Y­Óºô¸ô¤Wªº¸ô¥Ñ¾¹ (router) ¶Ü ? + ¥Ñ©óºô»Úºô¸ôªº¼Ð·Ç¤Æ©Mµ{¦¡³]­pªº¥R¤À¸gÅ礧½ç,§Ú­Ì -¯à°÷¦b FreeBSD ¨t²Î¤º«Ø«Ê¥]Âà¶Ç (packet fowarding) ªº¥\¯à¡C§A¥i¥H -±N³o­Ó¥\¯à¥´¶},¥u­n±N³o­ÓÅܼƳ]©w¬° -YES ¦b rc.conf³o­ÓÀɮפ¤ + ¯à°÷¦b FreeBSD ¨t²Î¤º«Ø«Ê¥]Âà¶Ç (packet fowarding) ªº¥\¯à¡C§A¥i¥H + ±N³o­Ó¥\¯à¥´¶},¥u­n±N³o­ÓÅܼƳ]©w¬° + YES ¦b rc.conf³o­ÓÀɮפ¤ - + gateway_enable=YES # Set to YES if this host will be a gateway + + ³o­Ó¿ï¶µ·|±N sysctl ÅܼƳ]©w -net.inet.ip.forwarding ¬° 1. + net.inet.ip.forwarding ¬° 1. + + ¦b¤j³¡¤Àªºª¬ªp¤U, §AÁÙ¥²¶·¦A¶]¤@­Ó³B²z routing ªºµ{¦¡,§i¶Dºô¸ô¤Wªº¨ä¥L -¥D¾÷Ãö©ó§Aªº router ³]©wªº¸ê®Æ; FreeBSD -¥X¼t®É«K¤ºªþ¤@­Ó¼Ð·Çªº BSD routing µ{¦¡ -routed, ¦pªG§Aªººô¸ô³]©w§ó¬°½ÆÂø,§A¥i¥H¸Õ¸Õ¬Ý -GaTeD (¥i¥H¥H FTP ¤è¦¡¥Ñ ftp.gated.Merit.EDU ¤U¸ü) -³o­Óµ{¦¡¦Û 3_5Alpha7 «á¤ä´© FreeBSD . + ¥D¾÷Ãö©ó§Aªº router ³]©wªº¸ê®Æ; FreeBSD + ¥X¼t®É«K¤ºªþ¤@­Ó¼Ð·Çªº BSD routing µ{¦¡ + routed, ¦pªG§Aªººô¸ô³]©w§ó¬°½ÆÂø,§A¥i¥H¸Õ¸Õ¬Ý + GaTeD (¥i¥H¥H FTP ¤è¦¡¥Ñ ftp.gated.Merit.EDU ¤U¸ü) + ³o­Óµ{¦¡¦Û 3_5Alpha7 «á¤ä´© FreeBSD . + + §Ú­Ì¦³¥²­n§i¶D§A,´Nºâ¬O FreeBSD ¥H³oºØ¤è¦¡³]©w§¹¦¨ -, ¥¦ÁÙ¬OµLªk§¹¥þº¡¨¬ Internet ¹ï router ªº¼Ð·Ç©w¸q -;¤£¹L, ´N¤é±`¨Ï¥Î¦Ó¨¥¥¦¤w¸g¨¬°÷À³¥I¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº»Ý¨D¤F¡C + , ¥¦ÁÙ¬OµLªk§¹¥þº¡¨¬ Internet ¹ï router ªº¼Ð·Ç©w¸q + ;¤£¹L, ´N¤é±`¨Ï¥Î¦Ó¨¥¥¦¤w¸g¨¬°÷À³¥I¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº»Ý¨D¤F¡C - + + + - -§Ú¥i¥H³z¹L FreeBSD ±N§Úªº Win95 ¾÷¾¹³s¤W Internet ¶Ü? + +§Ú¥i¥H³z¹L FreeBSD ±N§Úªº Win95 ¾÷¾¹³s¤W Internet ¶Ü? °ò¥»¤W, ·|°Ý³oºØ°ÝÃDªº¤H¦b®a¸Ì¦Ü¤Ö¦³¨â¥x¹q¸£, ¤@¥x¶] FreeBSD -¥t¥~¤@¥x¶] Win95; ³o­Ó¥D·N¬O±N FreeBSD ¥D¾÷³s¤W Internet -,µM«á³z¹L³o¥x FreeBSD ¥D¾÷,Åý¶] Win95 ªº¹q¸£¯à°÷¤Wºô¡C -³o­Ó°ÝÃDºâ¬O«e¤@­Ó°ÝÃDªº¤@­Ó¯S¨Ò¡C + ¥t¥~¤@¥x¶] Win95; ³o­Ó¥D·N¬O±N FreeBSD ¥D¾÷³s¤W Internet + ,µM«á³z¹L³o¥x FreeBSD ¥D¾÷,Åý¶] Win95 ªº¹q¸£¯à°÷¤Wºô¡C + ³o­Ó°ÝÃDºâ¬O«e¤@­Ó°ÝÃDªº¤@­Ó¯S¨Ò¡C + + ³oÃ䦳­«­nªº¤å¥ó,±Ð§A«ç»ò§â FreeBSD ªº¥D¾÷³]©w¦¨ -PPP Dialup Router + PPP Dialup Router + + ª`·N: ¦b³oºØª¬ªp¤U§A¦Ü¤Ö­n¦³¨â­Ó¥H¤Wªº©T©w IP addresses -, ¦³®É¬O¤T­Ó¥H¤W©Î§ó¦h²Õ IP ¦P®É¨Ï¥Î, µø§Aªº»Ý¨D¦Ó©w¡C -¦pªG§A¨S¦³©T©wªº IP ¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î,§A¥i¥H¦Ò¼{¨Ï¥Î private IP -¤lºô¸ô,¨Ã¦w¸Ë proxies ¨Ò¦p -SQUID ©Î¬O -the TIS firewall toolkit -¦b§Aªº FreeBSD ¥D¾÷¤W¡C + , ¦³®É¬O¤T­Ó¥H¤W©Î§ó¦h²Õ IP ¦P®É¨Ï¥Î, µø§Aªº»Ý¨D¦Ó©w¡C + ¦pªG§A¨S¦³©T©wªº IP ¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î,§A¥i¥H¦Ò¼{¨Ï¥Î private IP + ¤lºô¸ô,¨Ã¦w¸Ë proxies ¨Ò¦p + SQUID ©Î¬O + the TIS firewall toolkit + ¦b§Aªº FreeBSD ¥D¾÷¤W¡C + + ¥t¥~¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò . - + + + - - ¬°¤°»ò§Ú¦b compile ISC ³Ì·sª©ªº BIND µ{¦¡®É¦Ñ¬O¥¢±Ñ? - + + ¬°¤°»ò§Ú¦b compile ISC ³Ì·sª©ªº BIND µ{¦¡®É¦Ñ¬O¥¢±Ñ? + ¦b ``cdefs.h'' Àɮפ¤ªº©w¸q»P FreeBSD ¨t²Î¤¤¤ºªþ -ªºÀɮשw¸q¦³©Ò½Ä¬ð¡Cª½±µ§â -compat/include/sys/cdefs.h ¬å±¼´N¥i¥H¤F¡C + ªºÀɮשw¸q¦³©Ò½Ä¬ð¡Cª½±µ§â + compat/include/sys/cdefs.h ¬å±¼´N¥i¥H¤F¡C - + + + - -FreeBSD ¤ä´© SLIP ©M PPP ¶Ü? + +FreeBSD ¤ä´© SLIP ©M PPP ¶Ü? ¬Oªº¡C §A¥i¥H¬d¬d man pages ¤¤Ãö©ó -slattach, sliplogin, -pppd ¥H¤Î -ppp ªº»¡©ú. -pppd ©M ppp ³£´£¨Ñ¼·¶i¤Î¼·¥Xªº¥\¯à¡C -Sliplogin ±Mªù³B²z¦³Ãö¼·¤Jªº¥\¯à,¦Ó -slattach ³B²z¦³Ãö¼·¥Xªº¥\¯à¡C + slattach, sliplogin, + pppd ¥H¤Î + ppp ªº»¡©ú. + pppd ©M ppp ³£´£¨Ñ¼·¶i¤Î¼·¥Xªº¥\¯à¡C + Sliplogin ±Mªù³B²z¦³Ãö¼·¤Jªº¥\¯à,¦Ó + slattach ³B²z¦³Ãö¼·¥Xªº¥\¯à¡C + + ³o¨Çµ{¦¡¦³¸Ô²Óªº»¡©ú,§A¥i¥H¦b -handbook¤¤§ä¨ì: + handbook¤¤§ä¨ì: - + SLIP (server ºÝ) ªº»¡©ú - + + SLIP (client ºÝ) ªº»¡©ú - + + PPP (kernel ¼Ò¦¡) ªº»¡©ú - + + -PPP (¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¼Ò¦¡) ªº»¡©ú +PPP (¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¼Ò¦¡) ªº»¡©ú + + + ¦pªG§A¥u¯àÂÇ¥Ñ"shell account"ªº¤è¦¡¤Wºôªº¸Ü, -§A¥i¯à·|·Q¬Ý¬Ý slirp -³o­Ó³nÅé¡C ¥¦¥i¥HÅý§Aªº¹q¸£ª½±µ³s¤W (¬Y¨Ç) ªA°È, -¨Ò¦p ftp ©M http µ¥µ¥¡C + §A¥i¯à·|·Q¬Ý¬Ý slirp + ³o­Ó³nÅé¡C ¥¦¥i¥HÅý§Aªº¹q¸£ª½±µ³s¤W (¬Y¨Ç) ªA°È, + ¨Ò¦p ftp ©M http µ¥µ¥¡C - 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- - - - LCP ªº·¾³q¤@ª½¨ì³s½uÃö³¬¤~µ²§ô - -¥Ø«e ppp ¦b¹ê§@¤W¦³­Ó·|¥X°ÝÃDªº "¥\¯à"¡A¤£·|±N LCP¡BCCP -& IPCP ³o´XºØ«Ê¥]ªº¦^À³©M­ì¥ý­n¨D§@¹ï·Ó¡Cµ²ªG¬O¦pªG¦³¤@¤èªº -ppp ±Ò°Ê®É¤ñ¹ï¤èºC¤F¤»¬í¥H¤W¡A¹ï¤è·|¦b¨ä¶¡¦h°e¥X¨â­Ó LCP ªº³]©w -­n¨D¡A«áªG¬Û·íÄY­«¡C - -°²³]¦³¨âºÝ A ©M B ³£¦b°õ¦æ ppp¡AA ¦b³s½u«á¥ß¨è -°e¥X LCP ­n¨D¡AB «hªá¤F¤C¬í¤~¶}©l¡A©Ò¥H·í B ±Ò°Ê®É¡AA -¦­¤w°e¥X¤T­Ó LCP REQ(request)¡C§Ú­Ì¤]°²³]³s½u¤w±N ECHO Ãö±¼¡A§_«h´N -·|¬Ý¨ì¤W­Ó°ÝÃD´£¨ìªº magic number °ÝÃD¡CB ±Ò°Ê®É¤]·|°e¥X REQ¡A -¦P®É¹ï A °e¥Xªº²Ä¤@­Ó REQ ¦^À³¡A°e¥X ACK(acknowledge)¡CA ¦¬¨ì³o -­Ó ACK «á·|¶i¤J OPENED ª¬ºA¡A¦P®É¤]¹ï B ªº²Ä¤@­Ó REQ °e¥X -ACK¡C¦ý¦b³o¬q´Á¶¡¡AB ·|¬Ý¨ì A ¤§«e¦h°e¥Xªº¨â­Ó REQ¡A¦]¦Ó¤] -¥H¨â­Ó ACK ¦^À³¡CB ±µµÛ¬Ý¨ì A ¶Ç¨Óªº²Ä¤@­Ó ACK¡A¦]¦¹¤]¶i¤J -OPENED ª¬ºA¡C¦ý³o®É A ¦¬¨ì B ¦h°eªº¨â­Ó ACK¡C®Ú¾Ú -RFC ªº³W©w¡A·|¹ï²Ä¤G­Ó ACK °e¥X²Ä¥|­Ó REQ ¦Ó¦^¨ì REQ-SENT ª¬ºA -¡]¦A­«½Æ¤@¦¸ REQ-ACK ªº¹Lµ{¡^¡A¦ý¤@¬Ý¨ì²Ä¤T­Ó ACK¡AA ¥H¬°¬O -B ¦^À³­è­è°e¥Xªº REQ¡A¤S¶i¤J OPENED ª¬ºA¡C¦¹®É B ¦¬¨ì -A µo¥Xªº²Ä¥|­Ó REQ¡A®Ú¾Ú RFC¡A·|¹ï³o­Ó REQ °e¥X ACK¡AµM«á¦A°e¥X -²Ä¤G­Ó REQ¡]¤]¬O¦A­«½Æ¤@¦¸ REQ-ACK ªº¹Lµ{¡^¡CA ¦¬¨ì³o­Ó REQ «á -·|¦A­«·s°e REQ ¦Ó¦^¨ì REQ-SENT ª¬ºA¡A±µµÛ¤S¦¬¨ì ACK ¦Ó¶i¤J -OPENED ª¬ºA¡C¦]¦¹Âù¤è³£·|¥H¬°¦¬¨ìªº ACK ¬O¹ï¤è¦^À³­è­è°e¥X¥hªº -REQ¡A³Ì«á A ·|¤@ª½¦b OPENED ©M REQ-SENT ¨âºØª¬ºA¶¡¤Á -´«¡A¹ï B «h¬O OPENED ©M ACK-SENT¡C - 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- - - -¦b null-modem ½u¤W«Ø¥ßªº Ppp ¦n¹³¤£·|¦Û°ÊÂ_½u - -¥Ñ©ó null-modem ¥»¨­¥Îªº½u§÷¡Appp ¨S¦³¿ìªk¦Û°Ê¨M©w¬O§_ -¬Y­Óª½±µ³s½u¤w¸gÂ_±¼¡C·í¨Ï¥Î³oÃþ¤è¦¡ªº³s½u®É¡A¤@©w­n¥´¶} LQR¡G - - - enable lqr - - - -¤º©w¬O·|±µ¨ü LQR¡A¦pªG¹ï¤è¥Î¥¦¨Ó·¾³qªº¸Ü¡C - - - - -¬°¤°»ò ppp ¦b -auto ¼Ò¦¡¤U·|µL½tµL¬G¼½¸¹¡H - -¦pªG ppp «D¹w´Á¦a¼½¸¹¡A´N¥²¶·­n§ä¥X­ì¦]¡AµM«á³]©w¼½¸¹¹LÂo -¾¹¡]dfilter, Dial filter¡^¨ÓÁקK³oºØ±¡§Î¡C - -­n§ä¥X­ì¦]¡A¥ý¥Î³o­Ó©R¥O¡G - - - set log +tcp/ip - - - -³o¼Ë·|°O¿ý¸g¥Ñ³s½uªº©Ò¦³¸ê®Æ¡C¤U¦¸¦pªG¤SµL¬G¼½¸¹¡A´N¥i¥H±q°O¿ý -®ÇÃ䪺®É¶¡«Ü§Ö§ä¨ì­ì¦]¡C - -²{¦b¥i¥HÁקK¦]¬°³o¨Ç­ì¦]¼½¸¹¡C³q±`¬O¦b§@ DNS ¬d¸ß®É¤~·|µo¥Í³oºØ -°ÝÃD¡A­nÁקK¦] DNS ¬d¸ß¦Ó³s½u¡]³o¼Ë¤£·|¨Ï ppp ¦b³s½uª¬ºA -¤U¾×±¼³o¨Ç«Ê¥]¡^¡A¥Î¤U­±³o´X¦æ¡G - - - set dfilter 1 deny udp src eq 53 - set dfilter 2 deny udp dst eq 53 - set dfilter 3 permit 0/0 0/0 - - - -³oºØ°µªk¨Ã¤£¥Ã»·¾A¥Î¡A¦]¬°¥¦¨Æ¹ê¤W¨Ï±o§AµLªk¥Î demand-dial ¥\¯à -¡Ð ¤j³¡¥÷µ{¦¡¦b°µºô¸ô¬ÛÃö°Ê§@«e³£·|¥Î¨ì DNS ¬d¸ß¡C - -¦b DNS ³o­Ó±¡ªp¤U¡AÀ³¸Ó¸ÕµÛ§ä¥X¨ì©³¬O½Ö·Q­n¸Ñ¥X¥D¾÷¦WºÙ¡A³q±`´X -¥G³£¬O¥Ñ sendmail ©Ò³y¦¨¡A©Ò¥H­n¦b sendmail ³]©wÀɤ¤«ü¥Ü¥¦¤£­n°µ¥ô¦ó -DNS ¬d¸ß¡C¦b ¤¤¦³¸Ô²Ó»¡©ú¦p¦ó§@¥X -¦Û¤vªº³]©wÀÉ¡B¤Î¸Ì­±À³¸Ó©ñ¨º¨Ç³]©w¡A§A¤]³\·Q­n±N¤U¤@¦æ¥[¤J .mc -Àɤ¤¡G - - - define(`confDELIVERY_MODE', `d')dnl - - - -³o·|¨Ï sendmail ¥ý¾×µÛ©Ò¦³«H¥ó¡Aª½¨ì°e«H®É¦A¤@»ô°e¥X¥h¡]³q±` -sendmail °õ¦æ®É¬O¥Î ``-bd -q30m'' ³o­Ó°Ñ¼Æ¡A§i¶D¥¦¨C¤T¤Q¤ÀÄÁ¤~°e«H¡^ -©Î¬O¦³¤H°õ¦æ ``sendmail -q''¡]¤]³\¥i¥H©ñ¦b ppp.linkup ¸Ì¡^¡C - - - - -³o¨Ç CCP ¿ù»~°T®§¬O«ü¡H - -§Ú¦b log Àɤ@ª½¬Ý¨ì³o¨Ç¿ù»~°T®§¡G - - - CCP: CcpSendConfigReq - CCP: Received Terminate Ack (1) state = Req-Sent (6) - - - -³o¬O¦]¬° ppp ¸Õ¹Ï§@ Predictor1 À£ÁY¤è­±ªº·¾³q¡A¦ý¹ï¤èªº¾÷¾¹«o§¹ -¥þ¤£¥ÎÀ£ÁY¥\¯à¡C³o¨Ç°T®§¬OµL®`ªº¡A¦ý¦pªG¤£·Q¬Ý¨ì¥¦ªº¸Ü¡A¥i¥H§â¥»¦a -ppp ªº Predictor1 À£ÁY¤]¤@°_Ãö±¼¡G - - - disable pred1 - - - - - - -¶ÇÀɮ׮ɵo¥Í IO ¿ù»~¡AµM«á Ppp ´N±¾±¼¤F - -¦b FreeBSD 2.2.2 ¤Î¥ý«eªºª©¥»¤¤¡Atun ªºÅX°Êµ{¦¡¦³­Ó°ÝÃD¡A¥¦¤£·| -±µ¦¬¨º¨Ç¤j¹L tun ¤¶­± MTU ªº«Ê¥]¡C¦pªG¦¬¨ì¤ñ MTU ¤jªº«Ê¥]¡A¥¦·|¥Î -syslogd °O¿ý¬° IO ¿ù»~¡C - -¦ý ppp ³W®æ¤¤¦³´£¨ì¡A¤£ºÞ LCP ·¾³qªºµ²ªG¦p¦ó¡AMRU ³Ì¤pªº¥i±µ¨ü -­È¥Ã»·¬O 1500¡C©Ò¥H¦³¥i¯à§A¤£¤p¤ß±N MTU ½Õ§C©ó 1500¡AISP -·|¤£²z¥¦¦Ó°e¥X 1500 ¤j¤pªº«Ê¥]¡AµM«á´N·|IJµo¤W­zªº "¥\¯à"¡C - -¦b FreeBSD 2.2.2 ¤Î¤§«eªºª©¥»¤¤¡A¥Ã»·¤£­n±N MTU ½Õ§C©ó 1500¡A´N -¥i¥H¸Ñ¨M³o­Ó°ÝÃD¡C - 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- - set dial "\"\" ATZ OK-ATZ-OK AT\\\\X OK" - - - -³o¼Ë«h·|±o¨ì¤U­±³o¦ê¡G - - - ATZ - OK - AT\X - OK - - - -¦pªG¬O - - - set phone 1234567 - set dial "\"\" ATZ OK ATDT\\T" - - - -«h·|±o¨ì¤U­±µ²ªG¡G - - - ATZ - OK - ATDT1234567 - - - - - - -Ppp ¸I¨ì¤F seg-fault¡A¦ý§ä¤£¨ì <filename>ppp.core</filename> ³o­ÓÀÉ¡H - - -Ppp (©Î¥ô¦óÃþ¦üªºµ{¦¡) À³¸Ó¤£¥i¯à¦³ core dump¡C¥Ñ©ó ppp °õ¦æ®É -ªº effective user id ¬O 0 (§Y¥H root ¨­¥÷°õ¦æ)¡A§@·~¨t²Î¦b²×¤î ppp -«e¤£·|¹ïºÏºÐ¼g¥¦ªº core ¬M¹³ÀÉ¡C¦pªG ppp ¯uªº¦]¬° segmentation -violation ©Î¨ä¥L¤@¯ë·| core dump ªº signal ¦Ó²×¤î¡B¨Ã¥B½T©w¥Î -ªº¬O³Ì·sª©¥»(¨£¥»¸`¶}ÀY)¡A¨º»ò§A¥i¥H³o»ò°µ¡G - - - $ tar xfz ppp-*.src.tar.gz - $ cd ppp*/ppp - $ echo STRIP= >>Makefile - $ echo CFLAGS+=-g >>Makefile - $ make clean all - $ su - # make install - # chmod 555 /usr/sbin/ppp - - - -§A²{¦b¤w¸g¸Ë¤W¥i¥H¥Î¨Ó°£¿ùªº ppp ª©¥»¡A¥Ñ©óÅv­­¤W¨S¦³§@¯S§O³]©w¡A -©Ò¥H¥²¶·¥H root ¨Ó°õ¦æ ppp¡A¶¶«K¤]­nª`·N¬O¦b¨º­Ó¥Ø¿ý°õ¦æªº¡C - -²{¦b¦pªG ppp ¸I¨ì¤F segmentation violation¡A´N·|±N coredump ¦s¦b -ppp.core Àɤ¤¡A±µ¤U¨Ó´N¬O¡G - 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+ + + - -§Ú¦b³s¤W/¿é¥X FreeBSD ªº NFS ®É¥X²{°ÝÃD. + +§Ú¦b³s¤W/¿é¥X FreeBSD ªº NFS ®É¥X²{°ÝÃD. ¬Y¨Ç PC ªººô¸ô¥d¤ñ¨ä¥Lªº¦n(§t»Wªº»¡¨Ó) -³oºØª¬ªp¦b³y¦¨ NFS ³oºØ¹ïºô¸ô±Ó·Pªºµ{¦¡¦³®É·|¥X²{°ÝÃD. + ³oºØª¬ªp¦b³y¦¨ NFS ³oºØ¹ïºô¸ô±Ó·Pªºµ{¦¡¦³®É·|¥X²{°ÝÃD. + + °Ñ¦Ò the Handbook entry on NFS -¥HÀò±o³o­Ó¥DÃDªº§ó¦h¸ê°T. + ¥HÀò±o³o­Ó¥DÃDªº§ó¦h¸ê°T. - + + + - -¬°¤°»ò§Ú¤£¯à NFS-mount Linux ªº¾÷¾¹? + +¬°¤°»ò§Ú¤£¯à NFS-mount Linux ªº¾÷¾¹? ¬Y¨Çª©¥»ªº Linux NFS µ{¦¡½X¥u±µ¨ü privileged port ªº mount request -; ¸Õ¥Î³o¦æ«ü¥O¬Ý¬Ý + ; ¸Õ¥Î³o¦æ«ü¥O¬Ý¬Ý - + mount -o -P linuxbox:/blah /mnt - + + + - -W¬°¤°»ò§Ú¤£¯à NFS-mount Sun ªº¾÷¾¹? + +W¬°¤°»ò§Ú¤£¯à NFS-mount Sun ªº¾÷¾¹? ¶] SunOS 4.X ªº Sun ¤u§@¯¸¥u±µ¨ü¨Ó¦Û privileged port ªº mount request -; ¸Õ¥Î³o¦æ«ü¥O¬Ý¬Ý + ; ¸Õ¥Î³o¦æ«ü¥O¬Ý¬Ý - + mount -o -P sunbox:/blah /mnt - + + + - -§Ú¦b¨Ï¥Î PPP ³s½u¨ì NeXTStep ¾÷¾¹®É¦³°ÝÃD. + +§Ú¦b¨Ï¥Î PPP ³s½u¨ì NeXTStep ¾÷¾¹®É¦³°ÝÃD. §â TCP extensions ¨ú®ø, ³o­Ó³]©w¦b /etc/rc.conf ¸Ì­±. -§â¥H¤U³o­Ó­È³]¦¨ NO: + §â¥H¤U³o­Ó­È³]¦¨ NO: - + tcp_extensions=NO + + Xylogic ªº Annex ¥D¾÷¤]¦³¬Û¦Pªº°ÝÃD,±z­n°µ¬Û¦Pªº­×§ï¤~¯à³s¤W ³o¨Ç¥D¾÷. - + + + - -§Ú­n«ç¼Ë¤~¯à§â IP multicast support ¥´¶}? + +§Ú­n«ç¼Ë¤~¯à§â IP multicast support ¥´¶}? Multicast host operations are fully supported in FreeBSD 2.0 and -later by default. ¦pªG±z·Q±N±zªº¥D¾÷³]©w¦¨ multicast router ªº¸Ü, -±z¥²¶·­«·s compile ±zªº kernel, ¥[¤J MROUTING -ªº¿ï¶µ,¨Ã¥B°õ¦æ mrouted. ¦pªG±zªº/etc/rc.conf ¸Ì­±ªº -mrouted_enable ³o­Ó°Ñ¼Æ¬O³]©w¦¨"YES" ªº¸Ü.FreeBSD 2.2 ¤Î¤§«áªº -ª©¥»·|¦b¶}¾÷®É°õ¦æ mrouted . + later by default. ¦pªG±z·Q±N±zªº¥D¾÷³]©w¦¨ multicast router ªº¸Ü, + ±z¥²¶·­«·s compile ±zªº kernel, ¥[¤J MROUTING + ªº¿ï¶µ,¨Ã¥B°õ¦æ mrouted. ¦pªG±zªº/etc/rc.conf ¸Ì­±ªº + mrouted_enable ³o­Ó°Ñ¼Æ¬O³]©w¦¨"YES" ªº¸Ü.FreeBSD 2.2 ¤Î¤§«áªº + ª©¥»·|¦b¶}¾÷®É°õ¦æ mrouted . + + MBONE ªº¦UºØ¤u¨ã¥i¥H¦b¥L­Ì ports ¤U©ÒÄÝ¥s°µ mbone¥Ø¿ý¤¤§ä¨ì. -¦pªG±z¦b§äµø°T·|ijªº¤u¨ã¦p vic ©M vat ªº¸Ü, -¨ì¨ºÃä§ä§ä! + ¦pªG±z¦b§äµø°T·|ijªº¤u¨ã¦p vic ©M vat ªº¸Ü, + ¨ì¨ºÃä§ä§ä! + + ¦pªG»Ý­n§ó¶i¤@³¡ªº°T®§,§ä§ä -Mbone Information Web. + Mbone Information Web. - + + + - -­þ¨Çºô¸ô¥d¬O¨Ï¥Î DEC PCI chipset? + +­þ¨Çºô¸ô¥d¬O¨Ï¥Î DEC PCI chipset? ¥H¤U¬O Glen Foster´£¨Ñªº²M³æ: - + Vendor Model ---------------------------------------------- ASUS PCI-L101-TB @@ -5721,180 +5973,1270 @@ later by default. - 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+ + + - -«ç»ò·|¶]¥X ``/dev/bpf0: device not configured'' ³o­Ó°T®§¡H - + +«ç»ò·|¶]¥X ``/dev/bpf0: device not configured'' ³o­Ó°T®§¡H + ¬f§JµÜ«Ê¥]¹LÂo¾¹(Berkeley Packet Filter) (bpf) -¦bµ{¦¡¨Ï¥Î«e¥²¶·¦b kernel ¥´¶}¥¦ªºÅX°Êµ{¦¡¡A§â¤U­±³o¤@¦æ¥[¤J kernel -³]©wÀɤ¤¡A½s­Ó·sªº kernel¡G + ¦bµ{¦¡¨Ï¥Î«e¥²¶·¦b kernel ¥´¶}¥¦ªºÅX°Êµ{¦¡¡A§â¤U­±³o¤@¦æ¥[¤J kernel + ³]©wÀɤ¤¡A½s­Ó·sªº kernel¡G - + pseudo-device bpfilter # Berkeley Packet Filter+ + + ¦b­«·s¶}¾÷¤§«á¡AÁÙ­n°µ¥X device node¡A¦b /dev ¤U°õ¦æ¡G - + # sh MAKEDEV bpf0 + + ¦pªG·Q­n§ó¶i¤@¨Bª¾¹D¦p¦ó°µ¥X¦UºØ device node¡A½Ð¬Ý handbook ¤¤¦³Ãö device node ªº»¡©ú¡C - + + + + + +PPP + + + §Ú¤£¯à¨Ï¥Î ppp ,§Ú°µ¿ù¤F¤°»ò¶Ü ? + + +§AÀ³¸Ó¥ý¬Ý¬Ý ppp man page ©M + ppp ¨Ï¥Î»¡©ú¡C¨Ï¥Î¥H¤U«ü¥O¨Ó¥´¶}°O¿ý (logging) ªº¥\¯à + + + set log Phase Chat Connect Carrier lcp ipcp ccp command + + + + + +³o­Ó©R¥O¥i¥H¦b ppp command prompt ©ÎªÌ¬O¦b + /etc/ppp/ppp.conf ²ÕºAÀɮפ¤¥[¤J¡C + (¥[¦b default section ªº¶}ÀY³Ì¦n). + ½T©w¦b /etc/syslog.conf ¸Ì­±¦³³o»ò¤@¦æ: + + + !ppp + *.* /var/log/ppp.log + + + + + +¦Ó¥B/var/log/ppp.log ³o­ÓÀɮצs¦b¡C ¦p¦¹¤@¨Ó + §A¥i¥H±q log Àɮפ¤ª¾¹D¨ì©³µo¥Í¤F¤°»ò¨Æ±¡¡C + ¥ý¤£¥Î¾á¤ßÀɮתº¤º®e§A¬Ý¤£À´, ¦pªG§A­n¦V¤H¨D±Ïªº¸Ü + , ±Ï§Aªº¤H·|¬Ý±oÀ´ªº¡C + + + +¦pªG§A¨t²Î¤Wªº¨º¥÷ ppp ¤£´£¨Ñ "set log" + ªº«ü¥Oªº¸Ü, §AÀ³¸Ó¥h¤U¸ü + ³Ì·sª©¥». + ³o­Óª©¥»¦b FreeBSD 2.1.5 ¥H¤Wªºª©¥»³£¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¡C + + + + + +§Ú¤@°õ¦æ ppp ,¥¦´N±¾¦b¨ºÃ䤣°Ê¤F + +·|µo¥Í³oºØ±¡§Î³q±`¬O§Aªº hostname ¨S¦³¿ìªk¸Ñ¥X¨Ó¡C ¸Ñ¨M³o­Ó°ÝÃD + ³Ì¦nªº¿ìªk¬O½T©w /etc/hosts ·|³Q§Aªº resolver ²Ä¤@­Ó°Ñ¦Ò¨ì¡C + §A¥i¥H­×§ï/etc/host.conf + ¨Ã¥B§âhosts ©ñ¨ì³Ì«e­±. ±µµÛ, ¥u­n§â§Aªº¾÷¾¹¦WºÙ©ñ¨ì + /etc/hosts ¸Ì­±´N¥i¥H¤F¡C ¦pªG§A¨S¦³ + local network ªº¸Ü, ­×§ï localhost ³o¤@¦æ: + + +127.0.0.1 foo.bar.com foo localhost + + + + §_«h, ´N§â§A¥D¾÷ªº¸ê°T¥[¤JÀɮפ¤¡C §A¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò + ¬ÛÃöªº man pages ¥HÀò±o¶i¤@¨Bªº¸ê°T¡C + + +¦pªG§A¶¶§Qªº§¹¦¨³o¨Ç°Ê§@, §AÀ³¸Ó¥i¥H¦¨¥\ªº°õ¦æ ping -c1 `hostname` + . + + + + + + +Ppp ¦b -auto ¼Ò¦¡¤U¤£¯à¼·¸¹ + +­º¥ý½T©w§Aªº¤º©w¸ô¥Ñ (default route) ¬O§_¦³³]©w¡C ¤U http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?netstat + name="netstat -rn"> ³o­Ó«ü¥O, §AÀ³¸Ó¯à°÷¬Ý¨ì¦p¥H¤U½d¨Òªº¨â­Ó entries : + + +Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Netif Expire +default 10.0.0.2 UGSc 0 0 tun0 +10.0.0.2 10.0.0.1 UH 0 0 tun0 + + + + + +³o¨Ç³]©w¬O°²³]±z¨Ï¥Îªº address ¸ò handbook ¸Ì­±ªº¡B©Î¬O man + page ªº½d¨Ò¡B©ÎªÌ©M ppp.conf.sample ¸Ìªº³]©w¬Û¦P¡C¦pªG±z¨S¦³³]©w + default route¡A¨º»ò¦³¥i¯à±z²{¦b¨Ï¥Îª©¥»ªº ppp¡Aªº + ppp ·|¬Ý¤£À´ ppp.conf ¸Ìªº HISADDR¡C¦pªG±zªº¨t²Î ppp + ¬O¦b FreeBSD 2.2.5 ¤§«eªº¸Ü, ­×§ï³o¤@¦æ + + + add 0 0 HISADDR + + + + + +¦¨¬° + + + add 0 0 10.0.0.2 + + + + + +default route ³o¦æ¨S¦³¥X²{ªº¥t¤@­Ó­ì¦]¬O§A³]¿ù¤F default + router¡A³o­Ó³]©w¦b /etc/rc.conf Àɮפ¤(³o­ÓÀɮצb release 2.2.2 «e¥s + /etc/sysconfig)¡A§A»Ý­n¦b ppp.conf ¤¤¥[¤J³o + »ò¤@¦æ + + + delete ALL + + + + + +¦pªGµo¥Í³oºØ±¡§Î, ¦^¨ì handbook userppp ³Ì«á³]©w + ªº»¡©ú¤¤¬d¸ß¡C + + + + + + +¤°»ò¥s°µ "No route to host" + +³o­Óª¬ªp³q±`¬O¦]¬°¯Ê¤Ö¤F³o¬q³]©w + + + MYADDR: + delete ALL + add 0 0 HISADDR + + + + + +½ÐÀˬd±zªº /etc/ppp/ppp.linkup Àɮפ¤¬O§_¦³³o¨Ç³]©w¡C + ¥u¦³¦b±z¨Ï¥Î°ÊºA IP(dynamic IP) ©Î¤£ª¾¹D±z gateway ªº IP ®É¤~»Ý­n + ³]©w³o­Ó¡C¦pªG±z¬O¨Ï¥Î interactive mode ªº¸Ü, ±z¥i¥H¦b¶i¤J packet + mode «á¿é¤J¦p¤U©R¥O(¦pªG ppp ´£¥Ü²Å¸¹Åܦ¨¤j¼gªº PPP¡A«K¥Nªí¤w + ¸g¶i¤J packet mode)¡G + + + delete ALL + add 0 0 HISADDR + + + + + +±z¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò handbook ¤¤ + PPP ©M°ÊºA IP ¦ì§} ªº³¡¥÷¡A¦³¸û¸ÔºÉªº»¡©ú¡C + + + + + + +§Úªº³s½u¦b¤T¤ÀÄÁ«á¦Û°ÊÂ_±¼¤F + +ppp ¹w³]ªº timeout ­È¬O¤T¤ÀÄÁ¡C¥i¥H¥Î¥H¤U³o¦æ©R¥O½Õ¾ã + + + set timeout NNN + + + + + +³o¥Nªí¦pªG¦b NNN ¬í¤ººô¸ô³£¨S¦³°ÊÀRªº¸Ü¡Appp ´N·|¦Û°ÊÃö³¬ + ³s½u¡C¦pªG NNN ³]¦¨ 0¡A¨º»ò±N¤£·|¦]¬°¨S¦³¸ê®Æ¨Ó©¹¦ÓÃö³¬³s½u¡C + §A¥i¥H§â³o¦æ©R¥O©ñ¨ì ppp.conf ³o­ÓÀɮ׸̭±¡A©Î¬O¦b + interactive mode ¸Ì­±¿é¤J³o­Ó«ü¥O¡A¤]¥i¥H¥Î telnet ©Î + pppctl ³s¨ì ppps ¦øªA¾¹ªº socket¡A¦b³s½u«áÀH®É½Õ¾ã + timeout ªº­È¡C°Ñ¦Ò ppp man page + ¥HÀò±o§ó¸ÔºÉªº¸ê®Æ. + + + + + + +§Úªº³s½u¦]¬°­t²ü¤Ó­«¦ÓÂ_½u + +¦pªG±z³]©w­n¥Î Link Quality Reporting(LQR)¡A±z©M¹ï¤è¥D¾÷¤§¶¡´N + ¦³¥i¯à¿ò¥¢¤Ó¦hªº LQR «Ê¥]¡CPpp ·|¦]¦¹§PÂ_¹q¸Ü½u¸ô¦³°ÝÃD¡AµM«á´N·| + ¤ÁÂ_³s½u¡C¦b FreeBSD 2.2.5 ª©¥H«e¡A¤º©w·|¨Ï¥Î LQR¡A²{¦bªº¤º©w­È¬O + ¤£¥Î¡CLQR ¥i¥H¥Î³o¤@¦æ©R¥O¨ú®ø + + + disable lqr + + + + + + + + +ppp ·|¤£©w®ÉªºÂ_½u + +¦³®É­Ô¦pªG½u¸ô¤W¦³¤Ó¦hÂø°T¡A¬Æ¦Ü¦pªG±z¨Ï¥Î¤F¹q¸Ü´¡¼·ªA°Èªº¸Ü¡A + ±zªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷±N·|±¾Â_¹q¸Ü¡A¦]¬°¥¦»~»{³o¨Ç°T®§¬O lost carrier¡C + + + +¤j³¡¤Àªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷³£¦³®e§Ô¼È®É¥¢¥h carrier ªº³]©w¡C¥H USR Sportster + ¬°¨Ò¡A¥¢¥h carrier ©M±¾Â_¹q¸Ü¤§¶¡ªº®É¶¡¡A¬O¥H 1/10 ¬í¬°³æ¦ì¦s¦b + S10 ¼È¦s¾¹¤¤¡C¦pªG­nÅý±zªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¯à®e§Ô§óªøªº®É¶¡¡A§A¥i¥H¦b dial + string ¸Ì­±¥[¤J¥H¤U "°e¥X©R¥O - µ¥«Ý¦r¦ê" ªº³¡¥÷¡G + + + set dial "...... ATS10=10 OK ......" + + + + + +°Ñ¦Ò¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¤ºªþªº»¡©ú®Ñ¥H¨ú±o§ó¸Ô²Óªº¸ê®Æ¡C + + + + + + +³s½u·|¤£©w®É·í±¼ + +³\¦h¤Hªº³s½u·|²@µL¨Ó¥Ñªº¥d¦í¡A­º¥ý­n°µªº¬O§ä¥X³s½u¨º¤@¤è·í±¼¡C + + + +¦pªG¥Îªº¬O¥~±µ¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¡A´N¥Î ping ¨Ó¬Ý¦b¶Ç¸ê®Æ®É¡ATD ¿O¸¹ + ·|¤£·|°{¡C¦pªG·|ªº¸Ü¡]¨Ã¥B RD ¤£·|°{¡^¡A¥Nªí¬O¹ï¤è¥X°ÝÃD¡F¦pªG + ¤£·|¡A«h¬O¦Û¤vªº°ÝÃD¡C¦pªG¥Î¤º±µ¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¡A¥ý¦b ppp.conf ¤¤¥[¤J + set server ³o¹D«ü¥O¡A·í³s½u·í±¼®É¡A°õ¦æ pppctl ³s¨ì ppp¡C¦pªGºô + ¸ô³s½u¬ðµM¦n¤F¡]¦]¬° ppp ¬Ý¨ì¥Î¨Ó¶EÂ_°ÝÃDªº socket¡^©ÎµLªk³s¤W¡]°²³] + ¦b¤@¶}©l¥i¥H°õ¦æ set socket ³o¹D«ü¥O¡^¡Aªí¥Ü¥»¦a¥X°ÝÃD¡C¦pªG³s + ±o¤W ppp «o¤´µM¤£¯à¥Î¡A¥Î set log local async ¥´¶}¥»¦aªº«D¦P¨B + °O¿ý¡A±µµÛ¦b¥t¤@­Óµøµ¡¡]©Î²×ºÝ¾÷¡^°õ¦æ ping ¦b³s½u¤W¶Ç°e¸ê®Æ¡C + «D¦P¨B°O¿ýªº¥\¯à·|¦P®ÉÅã¥Ü°e¥X©M±µ¦¬ªº¸ê®Æ¡A¦pªG¸ê®Æ¥u¥X¤£¶i¡A´N¬O¹ï + ¤è¾÷¾¹¥X°ÝÃD¡C + + + +ª¾¹D¬O¥»¦a©Î¹ï¤è¥X°ÝÃD«á¡A´N¦³¨âºØ¥i¯à¡G + + + + + +¹ï¤èªº¾÷¾¹¨S¦³¦^À³ + +¦b³o¤è­±¯à§@ªº¬Û·í¦³­­¡A¤j³¡¥÷ªº ISP ·|¦]¬°§A¤£¬O¥Î Microsoft + §@·~¨t²Î¦Ó¤£Ä@À°¦£¡C¥i¥H¦b ppp.conf ¤¤¥[¤J enable lqr¡A + ¤¹³\ ppp °»´ú¹ï¤èªº¿ù»~¦Ó±¾Â_¡A¦ý³o­Ó¹Lµ{¬Û·íºC¡A©Ò¥H¤£¤j¹ê¥Î¡C¤] + ³\¤£·Q§i¶D ISP §A¬O¥Î user-ppp ¤W½uªº.... + + + +­º¥ý¡A¥Î¤U­±¨â¹D©R¥OÃö±¼©Ò¦³¥»¦aªºÀ£ÁY¥\¯à¡G + + + disable pred1 deflate deflate24 protocomp acfcomp shortseq vj + deny pred1 deflate deflate24 protocomp acfcomp shortseq vj + + + + + +µM«á­«·s³s½u¡A½T©w³o¼Ë¤£·|¦³©Ò¤£¦P¡C¦pªG¤Ï¦Ó¦³¶i¨B©Î¬Æ¦Ü±N°ÝÃD + ¸Ñ¨M±¼¡A´N¥Î¸Õ»~ªk¨Ó§ä¥X¬O¨º­Ó³]©w³y¦¨ªº¡C³o¼Ë¦bÁpµ¸ ISP ®É´N¥i¥H + ´£¨Ñ¬Û·í¦³¥Îªº¸ê®Æ¡]ÁöµM·|«Ü®e©ö¬Ý¥X§A¤£¬O¥Î Microsoft ªº²£«~¡^¡C + + + +¦bÁpµ¸ ISP ¤§«e¡A¥´¶}¥»¦aªº«D¦P¨B°O¿ý¥\¯à¡A±µµÛ´Nµ¥³s½u¦A«×·í±¼¡A + ³o¥i¯à·|¥Î¨ì¬Û·í¤jªºµwºÐªÅ¶¡¡C³Ì«á±q³s±µ°ðŪ¶iªº¸ê®Æ¥i¯à·|¬Û·í¦³¥Î¡A + ¥¦³q±`¬O ASCII ¤å¦r¡A¬Æ¦Ü¦³¥i¯à·|»¡©ú°ÝÃD¥X¦b¨º¸Ì(``Memory fault, + core dumped''?)¡C + + + +¦pªG ISP Ä@·N¨ó§Uªº¸Ü¡AÀ³¸Ó·|¦b¥L­Ì¨º¤@ºÝ¤]¥´¶}°O¿ý¥\¯à¡A¨º»ò¦b + ¤U¦¸³s½u·í±¼®É¡A´N¥i¥H§i¶D§A¬°¦ó·|¥X°ÝÃD¡C«ÜÅwªï±N¸Ô²Ó¤º®e°e¨ì brian@Awfulhak.org¡A¬Æ¦Ü­n + ¨D ISP ª½±µ¦V§Ú³sµ¸¡C + + + + + + +¦Û¤vªº Ppp ·í±¼¤F + +³o¸Ì¯à°µªº³Ì¦h´N¬O­«·s½sĶ ppp¡G¦b Makefile ³Ì«á­±¥[¤W + CFLAGS+=-g ©M STRIP=¡A±µµÛ°µ + make clean && make && make install¡C¦b ppp ·í + ±¼®É¡A¥ý¥Î ps ajxww |fgrep ppp §ä¥X ppp ªº process id¡AµM«á°õ + ¦æ gdb ppp PID¡C¦b gdb ´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¤U¡A¥i¥H¥Î bt §ä¥X stack + trace¡C + + + +±Nµ²ªG°e¨ì brian@Awfulhak.org. + + + + + + + +¦b¬Ý¨ì Login OK! ªº°T®§¥H«á´N¨S¦³¤ÏÀ³¤F + +¦b FreeBSD 2.2.5 ¥H«eªºª©¥»¤W¡A¤@¥¹³s½u«Ø¥ß§¹¦¨¥H«á¡A + ppp + ·|µ¥¹ï¤èªº¾÷¾¹±Ò°Ê Line Control Protocol (LCP)¡C«Ü¦h ISP ¤£·|¦Û°Ê + ±Ò°Ê¡A¦Ó¬Oµ¥«Ý¥Ñ client ºÝ¨Ó±Ò°Ê¡C­n±j­¢ ppp ¥D°Ê±Ò°Ê LCP¡A½Ð + °õ¦æ³o­Ó©R¥O¡G + + + set openmode active + + + + + +Note: ³q±`¦pªG¨âÃä³£±Ò°Ê°T®§¥æ´«ªº¸Ü¡A³q±`¤£·|³y¦¨¥ô¦ó°Æ§@ + ¥Î¡A©Ò¥H openmode ¥Ø«e¤º©w¬O¥´¶}ªº¡CµM¦Ó¡A¤U¤@¬q±N¸ÑÄÀ¦b¤°»òª¬ªp¤U + ³o¼Ë³]©w ¯uªº ·|³y¦¨°Æ§@¥Î¡C + + + + + + +§Ú¤@ª½¬Ý¨ì magic being the same ªº¿ù»~°T®§ + +¦³®É´N¦b³s¤W¤§«á¡A¦b°O¿ýÀÉ·|¬Ý¨ì "magic is the same" ªº°T®§¡C³q + ±`³o¨Ç¬OµL®`ªº¡A¦³®É­Ô¬Y¤@ºÝ«h·|Â_½u¡C¤j¦h¼Æªº ppp ¹ê§@µLªk¸Ñ¨M³o­Ó + °ÝÃD¡A´Nºâ¦ü¥G³s¤W¤F¡A¦b°O¿ýÀɤ]¥i¥H¬Ý¨ì¤@ª½­«½Æªº configure request + ©M configure acknowledgement ¤§Ãþªº·¾³q°T®§¡Appp ³Ì«á·|©ñ±ó¦ÓÃö±¼³s + ½u¡C + + + +·|µo¥Í³oºØ°ÝÃDªº³q±`±¡ªp¬O¡A¦øªA¾¹¥Î³t«×ºCªºµwºÐ¡B¦b³q°T°ð¤W°õ¦æ + getty¡B¨Ã¥Bµ¥¨ì¨Ï¥ÎªÌµn¤J«á¤~¥Î script ©Îµ{¦¡°õ¦æ ppp¡F¤]¦³Å¥»¡¥Î + slirp ´N¤@©w·|µo¥ÍÃþ¦ü°ÝÃDªº³ø§i¡C­ì¦]¬O¦b getty µ²§ô©M ppp ¶}©l°õ¦æ + ªº³o¬q®É¶¡¤º¡Aclient ºÝªº ppp ¶}©l°e¥X Line Control Protocol(LCP) «Ê + ¥]¡A¥Ñ©ó¦øªA¾¹³q°T°ðªº ECHO ¤´¦b¥´¶}ª¬ºA¡Aclient ºÝªº ppp ´N·|¬Ý¨ì°e + ¥X¥hªº«Ê¥]³Q "¤Ï¼u" ¦^¨Ó¡C + + + +¦b¥Î LCP ·¾³q®É¡A¦³³¡¥÷¬O­n³s½u¨âÃä¤À§O«Ø¥ß¦Û¤vªº magic number¡A + ¨Ó°»´ú¤ÎÁקK«Ê¥]³Q "¤Ï¼u" ¦^¨Óªºª¬ªp¡C¨ó©w¼Ð·Ç¤¤»¡·í¹ï¤è¸Õ¹Ï¥Î©M¦Û¤v + ¬Û¦Pªº magic number ·¾³q®É¡A­n°eµ¹¹ï¤è¤@­Ó NAK ªº°T¸¹¡]ªí¥Ü¤£±µ¨ü¡^¡A + ±µµÛ¹ï¤è´N·|¿ï¥t¤@­Ó¼Æ¦r¡C¦ý¦b¦øªA¾¹³q°T°ð ECHO ¤´¥´¶}ªº³o¬q´Á¶¡¡A + client ºÝªº ppp °e¥X LCP «Ê¥]¡A¬Ý¨ì¬Û¦Pªº magic number¡A©ó¬O°e¥X + NAK °T¸¹¡C³o­Ó NAK ¤]·|³Q "¤Ï¼u" ¦^¨Ó¡A³Q»~»{¥Ñ¹ï¤è°e¥X¡A¦]¦¹ client + ºÝ·|§ïÅܦۤvªº magic number¡C³o¼Ë magic number ªºÅܰʦ¸¼Æ·|«D±`¦a¦h¡A + ¨Ã¥B¤]¥þ³£¦s¦b¹ï¤èªº²×ºÝ¾÷½w½Ä°Ï¤¤¡C·í¦øªA¾¹±Ò°Ê ppp ®É¡A¥¦°¨¤W´N + ³Q magic number ªº¤j¶q§ó°Ê©Ò²T¨S¡A¨Ã¥B¡]´X¥G¬O¥ß¨è¡^¨M©w¤w¸g¸Õ°÷¤F + LCP ¦Ó©ñ±ó¡F¦b³o´Á¶¡¡Aclient ºÝÁöµM¦A¤]¬Ý¤£¨ì³Q¤Ï¼uªº«Ê¥]¡A¦ý«o¨Ó±o + ¤Î¬Ý¨ì¦øªA¾¹§â¹q¸Ü½u±¾±¼¡C + + + +¤¹³\Åý¹ï¤è¨Ó§@ LCP ·¾³q¥i¥HÁקK³oºØ±¡§Î¡A¦b ppp.conf ¤¤¥[¤U­±³o + ¤@¦æ¡G + + + set openmode passive + + + + + +³o¦æ§i¶D ppp ¥Ñ¹ï¤è¨Ó±Ò°Ê LCP¡A¤£¹L¦³¨Ç¦øªA¾¹¥Ã»·³£¤£·|¥D°Ê·¾³q + ¡A¦b³oºØ±¡ªp¤U¡A¥i¥H³o»ò³]©w¡G + + + set openmode active 3 + + + + + +³o¬O­n ppp µ¥­Ó¤T¬íÄÁ¡AµM«á¦A¶}©l°e LCP ¬ÛÃö­n¨D¡C¦pªG¹ï¤è¦b³o + ¬q®É¶¡°e¥X LCP «Ê¥]¡Appp ´N¤£·|µ¥¨¬¤T¬í¦Ó¥ß¨è¦^À³¡C + + + + + + + LCP ªº·¾³q¤@ª½¨ì³s½uÃö³¬¤~µ²§ô + +¥Ø«e ppp ¦b¹ê§@¤W¦³­Ó·|¥X°ÝÃDªº "¥\¯à"¡A¤£·|±N LCP¡BCCP + & IPCP ³o´XºØ«Ê¥]ªº¦^À³©M­ì¥ý­n¨D§@¹ï·Ó¡Cµ²ªG¬O¦pªG¦³¤@¤èªº + ppp ±Ò°Ê®É¤ñ¹ï¤èºC¤F¤»¬í¥H¤W¡A¹ï¤è·|¦b¨ä¶¡¦h°e¥X¨â­Ó LCP ªº³]©w + ­n¨D¡A«áªG¬Û·íÄY­«¡C + + + +°²³]¦³¨âºÝ A ©M B ³£¦b°õ¦æ ppp¡AA ¦b³s½u«á¥ß¨è + °e¥X LCP ­n¨D¡AB «hªá¤F¤C¬í¤~¶}©l¡A©Ò¥H·í B ±Ò°Ê®É¡AA + ¦­¤w°e¥X¤T­Ó LCP REQ(request)¡C§Ú­Ì¤]°²³]³s½u¤w±N ECHO Ãö±¼¡A§_«h´N + ·|¬Ý¨ì¤W­Ó°ÝÃD´£¨ìªº magic number °ÝÃD¡CB ±Ò°Ê®É¤]·|°e¥X REQ¡A + ¦P®É¹ï A °e¥Xªº²Ä¤@­Ó REQ ¦^À³¡A°e¥X ACK(acknowledge)¡CA ¦¬¨ì³o + ­Ó ACK «á·|¶i¤J OPENED ª¬ºA¡A¦P®É¤]¹ï B ªº²Ä¤@­Ó REQ °e¥X + ACK¡C¦ý¦b³o¬q´Á¶¡¡AB ·|¬Ý¨ì A ¤§«e¦h°e¥Xªº¨â­Ó REQ¡A¦]¦Ó¤] + ¥H¨â­Ó ACK ¦^À³¡CB ±µµÛ¬Ý¨ì A ¶Ç¨Óªº²Ä¤@­Ó ACK¡A¦]¦¹¤]¶i¤J + OPENED ª¬ºA¡C¦ý³o®É A ¦¬¨ì B ¦h°eªº¨â­Ó ACK¡C®Ú¾Ú + RFC ªº³W©w¡A·|¹ï²Ä¤G­Ó ACK °e¥X²Ä¥|­Ó REQ ¦Ó¦^¨ì REQ-SENT ª¬ºA + ¡]¦A­«½Æ¤@¦¸ REQ-ACK ªº¹Lµ{¡^¡A¦ý¤@¬Ý¨ì²Ä¤T­Ó ACK¡AA ¥H¬°¬O + B ¦^À³­è­è°e¥Xªº REQ¡A¤S¶i¤J OPENED ª¬ºA¡C¦¹®É B ¦¬¨ì + A µo¥Xªº²Ä¥|­Ó REQ¡A®Ú¾Ú RFC¡A·|¹ï³o­Ó REQ °e¥X ACK¡AµM«á¦A°e¥X + ²Ä¤G­Ó REQ¡]¤]¬O¦A­«½Æ¤@¦¸ REQ-ACK ªº¹Lµ{¡^¡CA ¦¬¨ì³o­Ó REQ «á + ·|¦A­«·s°e REQ ¦Ó¦^¨ì REQ-SENT ª¬ºA¡A±µµÛ¤S¦¬¨ì ACK ¦Ó¶i¤J + OPENED ª¬ºA¡C¦]¦¹Âù¤è³£·|¥H¬°¦¬¨ìªº ACK ¬O¹ï¤è¦^À³­è­è°e¥X¥hªº + REQ¡A³Ì«á A ·|¤@ª½¦b OPENED ©M REQ-SENT ¨âºØª¬ºA¶¡¤Á + ´«¡A¹ï B «h¬O OPENED ©M ACK-SENT¡C + + + +³oºØ´c©Ê´`Àô·|¤@ª½«ùÄòµÛ¡Aª½¨ì¦³¤@¤èµo²{¦Û¤v¦b­ì¦a¥´Âà¦Ó©ñ±óÄ~Äò + ¤U¥h¡C + + + +ÁקK³oºØ±¡ªpªº³Ì¦n¤è¦¡¡A¬O±N¬Y¤@ºÝ³]¦¨³Q°Ê¼Ò¦¡¡Ð¤]´N¬Oµ¥¥t¤@ + ¤è¥ý¶}©l·¾³q¡A¥Î³o¹D©R¥O¡G + + + set openmode passive + + + + ¥Î³o­Ó¿ï¶µ®É­n¤p¤ß¡AÀ³¸Ó©M³o­Ó©R¥O¤@°_¥Î¡G + + + set stopped N + + + + ³o·|³]©w ppp µ¥«Ý¹ï¤è¶}©l·¾³qªº®É¶¡¤W­­¡A¥t¤@­Ó¤èªk¬O¥Î¡G + + + set openmode active N + + + + ¨ä¤¤ N ¬O¦b¥D°Ê·¾³q¤§«e¥ýµ¥«Ýªº¬í¼Æ¡Aman page ¦³§ó¸Ô²Óªº»¡©ú¡C + + + + + + +Ppp ¦b³s½u«á´N¥d¦í¤F + +¦b FreeBSD 2.2.5 ¤§«eªºª©¥»¡A¦³¥i¯à¦]¬° ppp ¦b³B²z Predictor1 + À£ÁY®Éµo¥Í¿ù»~¡A¨Ï±o¦b³s½u«á°¨¤W´N¥d¦í¡C¥u¦³·í³s½uÂù¤è³£¸Õ¹Ï¥Î¤£¦P + ºØ Compression Control Protocol(CCP) ·¾³q®É¡A¤~·|µo¥Í³oºØ±¡§Î¡C³o­Ó + °ÝÃD¤w¸g¸Ñ¨M¤F¡A¦ý¦pªG¤´¦b¥Îª©ªº ppp¡A¥i¥H¥Î³oºØ¤èªkÁקK¡G + + + disable pred1 + + + + + + + + +¥Î shell ¸õ¥X Ppp °µ´ú¸Õ®É¡A³s½u¦ü¥G¥d¦í¤F + +¦b¥Î shell ©Î ! ©R¥O®É¡Appp ·|°õ¦æ shell(ppp + ¤]·|§â§A«ü©wªº°Ñ¼Æ¶Çµ¹ shell)¡APpp ·|µ¥¨ì³o¨Ç©R¥Oµ²§ô«á¤~Ä~Äò¡C¦pªG + ¦³¨Ï¥Î¨ì ppp ³s½uªº©R¥O¡A³s½u·|¹³¬O³Q­á¦í¤F¡A³o¬O¦]¬° ppp ¥¿¦b + µ¥³o¨Ç«ü¥Oµ²§ô¡C + + + +¦pªG·Q°õ¦æµ{¦¡¡A¥Î !bg ³o­Ó©R¥O¡A¥¦·|§âµ{¦¡¥á¨ì­I´º°õ¦æ¡Appp + ±µµÛ´N¯àÄ~Äò«O«ù³s½u¡C + + + + + + +¦b null-modem ½u¤W«Ø¥ßªº Ppp ¦n¹³¤£·|¦Û°ÊÂ_½u + +¥Ñ©ó null-modem ¥»¨­¥Îªº½u§÷¡Appp ¨S¦³¿ìªk¦Û°Ê¨M©w¬O§_ + ¬Y­Óª½±µ³s½u¤w¸gÂ_±¼¡C·í¨Ï¥Î³oÃþ¤è¦¡ªº³s½u®É¡A¤@©w­n¥´¶} LQR¡G + + + enable lqr + + + + + +¤º©w¬O·|±µ¨ü LQR¡A¦pªG¹ï¤è¥Î¥¦¨Ó·¾³qªº¸Ü¡C + + + + + + +¬°¤°»ò ppp ¦b -auto ¼Ò¦¡¤U·|µL½tµL¬G¼½¸¹¡H + +¦pªG ppp «D¹w´Á¦a¼½¸¹¡A´N¥²¶·­n§ä¥X­ì¦]¡AµM«á³]©w¼½¸¹¹LÂo + ¾¹¡]dfilter, Dial filter¡^¨ÓÁקK³oºØ±¡§Î¡C + + + +­n§ä¥X­ì¦]¡A¥ý¥Î³o­Ó©R¥O¡G + + + set log +tcp/ip + + + + + +³o¼Ë·|°O¿ý¸g¥Ñ³s½uªº©Ò¦³¸ê®Æ¡C¤U¦¸¦pªG¤SµL¬G¼½¸¹¡A´N¥i¥H±q°O¿ý + ®ÇÃ䪺®É¶¡«Ü§Ö§ä¨ì­ì¦]¡C + + + +²{¦b¥i¥HÁקK¦]¬°³o¨Ç­ì¦]¼½¸¹¡C³q±`¬O¦b§@ DNS ¬d¸ß®É¤~·|µo¥Í³oºØ + °ÝÃD¡A­nÁקK¦] DNS ¬d¸ß¦Ó³s½u¡]³o¼Ë¤£·|¨Ï ppp ¦b³s½uª¬ºA + ¤U¾×±¼³o¨Ç«Ê¥]¡^¡A¥Î¤U­±³o´X¦æ¡G + + + set dfilter 1 deny udp src eq 53 + set dfilter 2 deny udp dst eq 53 + set dfilter 3 permit 0/0 0/0 + + + + + +³oºØ°µªk¨Ã¤£¥Ã»·¾A¥Î¡A¦]¬°¥¦¨Æ¹ê¤W¨Ï±o§AµLªk¥Î demand-dial ¥\¯à + ¡Ð ¤j³¡¥÷µ{¦¡¦b°µºô¸ô¬ÛÃö°Ê§@«e³£·|¥Î¨ì DNS ¬d¸ß¡C + + + +¦b DNS ³o­Ó±¡ªp¤U¡AÀ³¸Ó¸ÕµÛ§ä¥X¨ì©³¬O½Ö·Q­n¸Ñ¥X¥D¾÷¦WºÙ¡A³q±`´X + ¥G³£¬O¥Ñ sendmail ©Ò³y¦¨¡A©Ò¥H­n¦b sendmail ³]©wÀɤ¤«ü¥Ü¥¦¤£­n°µ¥ô¦ó + DNS ¬d¸ß¡C¦b ¤¤¦³¸Ô²Ó»¡©ú¦p¦ó§@¥X + ¦Û¤vªº³]©wÀÉ¡B¤Î¸Ì­±À³¸Ó©ñ¨º¨Ç³]©w¡A§A¤]³\·Q­n±N¤U¤@¦æ¥[¤J .mc + Àɤ¤¡G + + + define(`confDELIVERY_MODE', `d')dnl + + + + + +³o·|¨Ï sendmail ¥ý¾×µÛ©Ò¦³«H¥ó¡Aª½¨ì°e«H®É¦A¤@»ô°e¥X¥h¡]³q±` + sendmail °õ¦æ®É¬O¥Î ``-bd -q30m'' ³o­Ó°Ñ¼Æ¡A§i¶D¥¦¨C¤T¤Q¤ÀÄÁ¤~°e«H¡^ + ©Î¬O¦³¤H°õ¦æ ``sendmail -q''¡]¤]³\¥i¥H©ñ¦b ppp.linkup ¸Ì¡^¡C + + + + + + +³o¨Ç CCP ¿ù»~°T®§¬O«ü¡H + +§Ú¦b log Àɤ@ª½¬Ý¨ì³o¨Ç¿ù»~°T®§¡G + + + CCP: CcpSendConfigReq + CCP: Received Terminate Ack (1) state = Req-Sent (6) + + + + + +³o¬O¦]¬° ppp ¸Õ¹Ï§@ Predictor1 À£ÁY¤è­±ªº·¾³q¡A¦ý¹ï¤èªº¾÷¾¹«o§¹ + ¥þ¤£¥ÎÀ£ÁY¥\¯à¡C³o¨Ç°T®§¬OµL®`ªº¡A¦ý¦pªG¤£·Q¬Ý¨ì¥¦ªº¸Ü¡A¥i¥H§â¥»¦a + ppp ªº Predictor1 À£ÁY¤]¤@°_Ãö±¼¡G + + + disable pred1 + + + + + + + + +¶ÇÀɮ׮ɵo¥Í IO ¿ù»~¡AµM«á Ppp ´N±¾±¼¤F + +¦b FreeBSD 2.2.2 ¤Î¥ý«eªºª©¥»¤¤¡Atun ªºÅX°Êµ{¦¡¦³­Ó°ÝÃD¡A¥¦¤£·| + ±µ¦¬¨º¨Ç¤j¹L tun ¤¶­± MTU ªº«Ê¥]¡C¦pªG¦¬¨ì¤ñ MTU ¤jªº«Ê¥]¡A¥¦·|¥Î + syslogd °O¿ý¬° IO ¿ù»~¡C + + + +¦ý ppp ³W®æ¤¤¦³´£¨ì¡A¤£ºÞ LCP ·¾³qªºµ²ªG¦p¦ó¡AMRU ³Ì¤pªº¥i±µ¨ü + ­È¥Ã»·¬O 1500¡C©Ò¥H¦³¥i¯à§A¤£¤p¤ß±N MTU ½Õ§C©ó 1500¡AISP + ·|¤£²z¥¦¦Ó°e¥X 1500 ¤j¤pªº«Ê¥]¡AµM«á´N·|IJµo¤W­zªº "¥\¯à"¡C + + + +¦b FreeBSD 2.2.2 ¤Î¤§«eªºª©¥»¤¤¡A¥Ã»·¤£­n±N MTU ½Õ§C©ó 1500¡A´N + ¥i¥H¸Ñ¨M³o­Ó°ÝÃD¡C + + + + + + +¬°¤°»ò ppp ¤£·|°O¿ý§Úªº³s½u³t«×¡H + +¦pªG­n°O¿ý¹q¸£©M¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¶¡ªº¨C¤@¦æ ``¹ï¸Ü''¡A¥Î¤U¤@¦æ¥´¶}¡G + + + set log +connect + + + + + +³o·|¨Ï ppp °O¿ý©Ò¦³¸ê®Æ¡Aª½¨ì¼½¸¹¦r¦ê³Ì«á¤@­Óµ¥«Ýªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¶Ç¦^­È + ¬°¤î¡C + + + +¦pªG¨Ï¥Î PAP ©Î CHAP (¦]¬°¨S¦³ "set login" ©R¥O¡A©Ò¥H³]©wÀɤ¤ + CONNECT ¤§«á´N¤£·|¬Ý¨ì¥ô¦ó¹ï¸Ü)¡A·Q­n¬Ý¨ì³s½u³t«×ªº¸Ü¡A½T©w ppp + µ¥«Ýªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¶Ç¦^­È¬O CONNECT ³o¤@¾ã¦æ¡A¹³³o¼Ë¡G + + + set dial "ABORT BUSY ABORT NO\\sCARRIER TIMEOUT 4 \"\" ATZ OK-ATZ-OK ATDT\\T TIMEOUT 60 CONNECT \\c \\n" + + + + + +³o¼Ë¦b¬Ý¨ì CONNECT «á¤£·|°e¥X¥ô¦óªF¦è¡A±µµÛ¦Aµ¥­Ó´«¦æ¦r¤¸¡A±j + ­¢ ppp Ū¨ú¦^À³ªº CONNECT ¤@¾ã¦æ¡C + + + + + + +Ppp ¤£²z·| chat script ¤¤ªº `\' ¦r¤¸ + +Ppp ·|¥h¤ÀªR³]©wÀɤ¤ªº¨C¤@¦æ¡A³o¼Ë¥¦¤~·|¥¿½T¸ÑŪ¹³¬O + set phone "123 456 789" ªº¦r¦ê¡]§AÀ³¸Óª¾¹D³o­Ó¼Æ¦r¥u¬O + ¤@­Ó°Ñ¼Æ¡A¦pªG­n«ü©w ``"'' ³o­Ó¦r¤¸¡A¥²¶·¦b¥¦«e­±¥Î¤Ï±×½u + (``\'')±N¥¦¸õ¶}¡^¡C + + + +·í¸ÑĶµ{¦¡¤ÀªR¨C­Ó°Ñ¼Æ®É¡A¬°¤F§ä¥X¦r¦ê¤¤©Ò¦³¹³¬O ``\P'' ``\T'' + ªº¸õ²æ¦r¤¸¡]¨£ man page¡^¡A¥²¶·­«·s¸ÑĶ¸Ó°Ñ¼Æ¡C¦b³oºØÂù­«¤ÀªR¤§¤U¡A + §A¥²¶·°O±o¥Î¥¿½Tªº¸õ²æ¼Æ¥Ø¡C + + + +°²³]­n¹ï¼Æ¾Ú¾÷°e¥X ``\'' ³o­Ó¦r¤¸¡AÀ³¸Ó¹³¬O¡G + + + set dial "\"\" ATZ OK-ATZ-OK AT\\\\X OK" + + + + + +³o¼Ë«h·|±o¨ì¤U­±³o¦ê¡G + + + ATZ + OK + AT\X + OK + + + + + +¦pªG¬O + + + set phone 1234567 + set dial "\"\" ATZ OK ATDT\\T" + + + + + +«h·|±o¨ì¤U­±µ²ªG¡G + + + ATZ + OK + ATDT1234567 + + + + + + + + +Ppp ¸I¨ì¤F seg-fault¡A¦ý§ä¤£¨ì ppp.core ³o­ÓÀÉ¡H + + +Ppp (©Î¥ô¦óÃþ¦üªºµ{¦¡) À³¸Ó¤£¥i¯à¦³ core dump¡C¥Ñ©ó ppp °õ¦æ®É + ªº effective user id ¬O 0 (§Y¥H root ¨­¥÷°õ¦æ)¡A§@·~¨t²Î¦b²×¤î ppp + «e¤£·|¹ïºÏºÐ¼g¥¦ªº core ¬M¹³ÀÉ¡C¦pªG ppp ¯uªº¦]¬° segmentation + violation ©Î¨ä¥L¤@¯ë·| core dump ªº signal 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bits¡A¨Ã¥B¨Ï¥Î + XON/XOFF ¬y¶q±±¨î¡A±z¥i¥H³o¼Ë°µ¡G + + stty -f /dev/ttyid5 clocal cs8 ixon ixoff + + ±z¥i¥H¦b /etc/rc.serial ¸Ì°µ³o¼Ëªº³]©w¡C²{¦b¨C¤@­Ó¶}±Ò -ttyd5 ªºÀ³¥Îµ{¦¡³£·|¹w³]¨Ï¥Î³o¨Ç³]©w¤F¡C±z¨ÌµM¥i¥H¥Î¦P¼Ëªº¤èªk -¥h§ïÅܳo¨Ç³]©w¡C + ttyd5 ªºÀ³¥Îµ{¦¡³£·|¹w³]¨Ï¥Î³o¨Ç³]©w¤F¡C±z¨ÌµM¥i¥H¥Î¦P¼Ëªº¤èªk + ¥h§ïÅܳo¨Ç³]©w¡C + + ±z¤]¥i¥HÂǥѳ]©w ``Âê©wª¬ºA'' ¸Ë¸m¨Ó¨¾¤î¨ä¥LÀ³¥Îµ{¦¡¥h§ó°Ê³o¨Ç³]©w -¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A·Q­n§â ttyd5 ªº³t«×Âê©w¦b 57600 bps¡A±z­n³o¼Ë°µ + ¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A·Q­n§â ttyd5 ªº³t«×Âê©w¦b 57600 bps¡A±z­n³o¼Ë°µ - + stty -f /dev/ttyld5 57600 + + ³o¼Ë¤@¨Ó¡A¨C¤@­Ó¶}±Ò ttyd5 ªºÀ³¥Îµ{¦¡³£¥u¯à¨Ï¥Î 57600 bps ªº³t -«×¤F¡C + «×¤F¡C + + ·íµM¡A±z¥²»Ý½T©w±zªºªì©lª¬ºA¥H¤ÎÂê©wª¬ºAªº¸Ë¸m¥u¯à³Q root ¼g¤J -¡CMAKEDEV ³o­Ó script ¨Ã ¤£·| ¦b«Ø¥ß³o¨Ç¸Ë¸m®É¦Û°ÊÀ°±z³] -©w¦n¡C + ¡CMAKEDEV ³o­Ó script ¨Ã ¤£·| ¦b«Ø¥ß³o¨Ç¸Ë¸m®É¦Û°ÊÀ°±z³] + ©w¦n¡C - + + + - -§Ú­n«ç¼Ë¤~¯àÅý modem ±µ¨ü dialup µn¤J©O¡H + +§Ú­n«ç¼Ë¤~¯àÅý modem ±µ¨ü dialup µn¤J©O¡H ±z¬O¤£¬O·Q·í ISP¡H­º¥ý¡A±z­n¦³¤@³¡¥H¤W¥i¥H¦Û°Ê±µÅ¥ªº modem¡C±zªº -modem 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"/usr/libexec/getty std.57600" dialup on insecure + + ³o¤@¦æ«ü¥O²Ä¤G­Ó serial port (/dev/ttyd1) ¬O¤@­Ó¥H 57600 -bps ³t«×¦b¶Ç¿éªº modem¡A¨Ã¥B¤£°µ¦P¦ìÀˬd (std.57600 ¬O¦b -/etc/gettytab Àɸ̫ü©wªº) ¡C³o­Ó port ªº²×ºÝ¾÷«¬ºA¬O -``dialup'' ¡C³o­Ó port ³]¦¨ ``on'' ¦Ó¥B¬O ``insecure'' ªº --- ·N«ä¬O -root ¤£¯à±q³o¸Ì³s½u¶i¨Ó¡C±z¥²»Ý¬°¨C­Ó dialin port ³£°µÃþ¦ü -ttydX ªº³]©w¡C + bps ³t«×¦b¶Ç¿éªº modem¡A¨Ã¥B¤£°µ¦P¦ìÀˬd (std.57600 ¬O¦b + /etc/gettytab Àɸ̫ü©wªº) ¡C³o­Ó port ªº²×ºÝ¾÷«¬ºA¬O + ``dialup'' ¡C³o­Ó port ³]¦¨ ``on'' ¦Ó¥B¬O ``insecure'' ªº --- ·N«ä¬O + root ¤£¯à±q³o¸Ì³s½u¶i¨Ó¡C±z¥²»Ý¬°¨C­Ó dialin port ³£°µÃþ¦ü + ttydX ªº³]©w¡C + + ³q±`§Ú­Ì·|¥Î ``dialup'' ¨Ó°µ¬°²×ºÝ¾÷«¬ºA¡C¦pªG¨Ï¥ÎªÌµn¤J®Éªº±Ò©l«¬ -ºA¬O dialup ªº¸Ü¡A«Ü¦h¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³£·|¦b¥L­Ìªº .profile ©Î¬O .login Àɤ¤³] -©w¥L­Ì¯u¥¿ªº²×ºÝ¾÷«¬ºA¡C¤W­±ªº¨Ò¤l¤¤§Ú­ÌÁ|ªº¬O insecure ªº¨Ò¤l¡C¦pªG -±z·Q­n¦b³o­Ó port Åܦ¨ root ªº¸Ü¡A±z¥²¶·¥Î¤@¯ë¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº¨­¥÷µn¤J¡AµM«á -``su'' -¦¨ root ¡C¦pªG±z¥Îªº¬O ``secure'' ªº¸Ü¡A«h root ¥i¥Hª½±µµn -¤J¡C + ºA¬O dialup ªº¸Ü¡A«Ü¦h¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³£·|¦b¥L­Ìªº .profile ©Î¬O .login Àɤ¤³] + ©w¥L­Ì¯u¥¿ªº²×ºÝ¾÷«¬ºA¡C¤W­±ªº¨Ò¤l¤¤§Ú­ÌÁ|ªº¬O insecure ªº¨Ò¤l¡C¦pªG + ±z·Q­n¦b³o­Ó port Åܦ¨ root ªº¸Ü¡A±z¥²¶·¥Î¤@¯ë¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº¨­¥÷µn¤J¡AµM«á + ``su'' + ¦¨ root ¡C¦pªG±z¥Îªº¬O ``secure'' ªº¸Ü¡A«h root ¥i¥Hª½±µµn + ¤J¡C + + ¦b¹ï /etc/ttys °µ¹L­×§ï¤§«á¡A±z¥²¶·°e¤@­Ó hangup ©Î¬O HUP -ªº signal µ¹ init process¡G + ªº signal µ¹ init process¡G - + kill -HUP 1 -³o¼Ë·|±j­¢ init process ¥h­«Åª /etc/ttys ¡C -µM«á init process ´N·|¦b©Ò¦³ªº ``on'' port ¤W­«·s±Ò°Ê getty -process ¡C±z¥i¥H¥Î¤U¦C«ü¥O¨ÓÀˬd±zªº port ¬O¤£¬O¥i¥H login ¤F + - +³o¼Ë·|±j­¢ init process ¥h­«Åª /etc/ttys ¡C + µM«á init process ´N·|¦b©Ò¦³ªº ``on'' port ¤W­«·s±Ò°Ê getty + process ¡C±z¥i¥H¥Î¤U¦C«ü¥O¨ÓÀˬd±zªº port ¬O¤£¬O¥i¥H login ¤F + + ps -ax | grep '[t]tyd1' + + ±z·|¨£¨ìÃþ¦ü³o¼Ëªºµ²ªG¡G - + 747 ?? I 0:00.04 /usr/libexec/getty std.57600 ttyd1 - + + + - -§Ú­n«ç»ò§â dumb terminal ³s¤W FreeBSD¡H + +§Ú­n«ç»ò§â dumb terminal ³s¤W FreeBSD¡H ¦pªG±z­n§â§Oªº¹q¸£·í¦¨¬O FreeBSD ªº²×ºÝ¾÷ªº¸Ü¡A±z¥u»Ý­n¦b¨âªÌªº -serial port ¤§¶¡²o¤@±ø null modem ±Æ½u§Y¥i¡C¦pªG±z¦³¤@­Ó¯uªº²×ºÝ¾÷ -ªº¸Ü¡A¬Ý¬Ý¥¦ªº«ü¥O¶°§a¡C + serial port ¤§¶¡²o¤@±ø null modem ±Æ½u§Y¥i¡C¦pªG±z¦³¤@­Ó¯uªº²×ºÝ¾÷ + ªº¸Ü¡A¬Ý¬Ý¥¦ªº«ü¥O¶°§a¡C + + µM«á¡A¹³¤W¤@­Ó°ÝÃD¤@¼Ë­×§ï -/etc/ttys ¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A¦pªG±z§â¤@­Ó WYSE-50 ²×ºÝ¾÷±µ¦b²Ä¤­­Ó -serial port ¤Wªº¸Ü¡A´N­n¥Î³o¼Ëªº³]©w¡G + /etc/ttys ¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A¦pªG±z§â¤@­Ó WYSE-50 ²×ºÝ¾÷±µ¦b²Ä¤­­Ó + serial port ¤Wªº¸Ü¡A´N­n¥Î³o¼Ëªº³]©w¡G - + ttyd4 "/usr/libexec/getty std.38400" wyse50 on secure -³o­Ó¨Ò¤l¥Ü½dªº¬O /dev/ttyd4 ©Ò¥Nªíªº port ¥Îªº¬O wyse50 ²× -ºÝ¾÷¡A³s½u³t«× 38400 bps¡A¤£¨Ï¥Î¦P¦ìÀˬd (std.38400 ¬O±q -/etc/gettytab ³]©wªº) ¦Ó¥B root ¥i¥H login (secure) ¡C + - +³o­Ó¨Ò¤l¥Ü½dªº¬O /dev/ttyd4 ©Ò¥Nªíªº port ¥Îªº¬O wyse50 ²× + ºÝ¾÷¡A³s½u³t«× 38400 bps¡A¤£¨Ï¥Î¦P¦ìÀˬd (std.38400 ¬O±q + /etc/gettytab ³]©wªº) ¦Ó¥B root ¥i¥H login (secure) ¡C + + + + - -¬°¤°»ò§Ú¤£¯à°õ¦æ <emphasis remap=tt>tip</emphasis> ¤Î <emphasis remap=tt>cu</emphasis> ©O¡H + +¬°¤°»ò§Ú¤£¯à°õ¦æ tip ¤Î cu ©O¡H ¦b±zªº¨t²Î¤¤¡Atip ©M cu «Ü¥i¯à¥u¯à¥Ñ uucp ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ©M -dialer ¸s²Õ¤~¯à°õ¦æ¡C±z¥i¥H¥Î dialer ¸s²Õ¨Ó±±¨î¨ì©³¦³½Ö¥i -¥H¦s¨ú±zªº modem ¥H¤Î»·ºÝ¨t²Î¡C±z¥u­n§â±z¦Û¤v¥[¨ì dialer ¸s²Õ¤¤´N¥i -¥H¤F¡C + dialer ¸s²Õ¤~¯à°õ¦æ¡C±z¥i¥H¥Î dialer ¸s²Õ¨Ó±±¨î¨ì©³¦³½Ö¥i + ¥H¦s¨ú±zªº modem ¥H¤Î»·ºÝ¨t²Î¡C±z¥u­n§â±z¦Û¤v¥[¨ì dialer ¸s²Õ¤¤´N¥i + ¥H¤F¡C + + ¥t¥~¤@ºØ¤èªk¬O¡A±z¥i¥HÅý±z¨t²Î¤W©Ò¦³¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³£¥i¥H°õ¦æ tip ©M -cu ¡A¥u­n±z + cu ¡A¥u­n±z - + # chmod 4511 /usr/bin/cu # chmod 4511 /usr/bin/tip - + + + - -FreeBSD ¤£¤ä´©§Úªº stock Hayes modem --- §Ú­n«ç»ò¿ì¡H + +FreeBSD ¤£¤ä´©§Úªº stock Hayes modem --- §Ú­n«ç»ò¿ì¡H ¨Æ¹ê¤W¡Atip ªº man page ¤w¸g¹L®É¤F¡C¤@¯ëªº Hayes dialer ¤w¸g¤º«Ø¦b¨t -²Î¤º¡C±z¥u­n¦b /etc/remote -«ü©w ``at=hayes'' ´N¥i¥H¤F¡C + ²Î¤º¡C±z¥u­n¦b /etc/remote + «ü©w ``at=hayes'' ´N¥i¥H¤F¡C + + ¥i±¤ªº¬O¡AHayes ªºÅX°Êµ{¦¡¤£°÷Áo©ú¡A¦³¨Ç·s modem ¤Wªº¶i¶¥¥\¯à¥¦µLªk -¿ëÃÑ¥X¨Ó --- ¨Ò¦p BUSY ¡ANO DIALTONE ¡A©Î¬O -CONNECT 115200 ³oÃþªº°T®§¥¦´N·|·d²V¡C±z¦b¨Ï¥Î tip ªº®É­Ô¥²¶· -§â¥¦­ÌÃö±¼ (¥Î ATX0&W) ¡C + ¿ëÃÑ¥X¨Ó --- ¨Ò¦p BUSY ¡ANO DIALTONE ¡A©Î¬O + CONNECT 115200 ³oÃþªº°T®§¥¦´N·|·d²V¡C±z¦b¨Ï¥Î tip ªº®É­Ô¥²¶· + §â¥¦­ÌÃö±¼ (¥Î ATX0&W) ¡C + + ÁÙ¦³¡Atip ªº dial ¹O®É®É¶¡¬O 60 ¬í¡C±zªº modem ¥i¯à­n³]±o§óµu¡A -§_«h tip ·|»{¬°µo¥Í¤F³q°T¤Wªº°ÝÃD¡C¸Õ¸Õ¬ÝATS7=45&W ¡C + §_«h tip ·|»{¬°µo¥Í¤F³q°T¤Wªº°ÝÃD¡C¸Õ¸Õ¬ÝATS7=45&W ¡C + + ¨Æ¹ê¤W tip ÁÙ¨S¦³§¹¥þ¤ä´©¥¦¡C¸Ñ¨M¤èªk¬O¥h­×§ï -/usr/src/usr.bin/tip/tip ¥Ø¿ý¸Ìªº tipconf.h ¡C«ÜÅãµM±z -¥²¶·­n¦³­ì©lµ{¦¡½X¤~¯à³o»ò°µ¡C + /usr/src/usr.bin/tip/tip ¥Ø¿ý¸Ìªº tipconf.h ¡C«ÜÅãµM±z + ¥²¶·­n¦³­ì©lµ{¦¡½X¤~¯à³o»ò°µ¡C + + §â ``#define HAYES 0'' §ï¦¨ ``#define HAYES 1'' ¡CµM«á -``make'' ¨Ã ``make install'' ¡C¤§«á¤@¤Á³£·|«ì´_¥¿±`¤F¡C + ``make'' ¨Ã ``make install'' ¡C¤§«á¤@¤Á³£·|«ì´_¥¿±`¤F¡C - + + + - - §Ú¤°»ò®É­Ô­nª½±µÁä¤J AT «ü¥O¡H - + §Ú¤°»ò®É­Ô­nª½±µÁä¤J AT «ü¥O¡H + ¦b±zªº /etc/remote Àɸ̥[¤@­Ó ``direct'' ¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A¦pªG±zªº -modem ³s±µ¦b²Ä¤@­Ó serial port¡A/dev/cuaa0¡A«h±z­n¥[¤J¤U­± -³o¤@¦æ¡G + modem ³s±µ¦b²Ä¤@­Ó serial port¡A/dev/cuaa0¡A«h±z­n¥[¤J¤U­± + ³o¤@¦æ¡G - + cuaa0:dv=/dev/cuaa0:br#19200:pa=none + + ¦b br Ä椤³]©w±z modem ©Ò¤ä´©ªº³Ì°ª³t¡C¤§«á¡AÁä¤J tip cuaa0 ¤§«á -±z´N³s¤W±zªº modem ¤F¡C + ±z´N³s¤W±zªº modem ¤F¡C + + ¦pªG±zªº¨t²Î¤W¨S¦³ /dev/cuaa0 ¡A±z´N¥ý³o¼Ë¡G - + # cd /dev # ./MAKEDEV cuaa0 + + ©Î¬O±z¥i¥H¥Î root °õ¦æ cu «ü¥O¡A¹³³o¼Ë¡G - + # cu -l``line'' -s``speed'' -³o¸Ìªº line ¬O«ü±zªº serial port (¨Ò¦p /dev/cuaa0) ¡Aspeed -¬O«ü±zªº¶Ç¿é³t«× (¨Ò¦p 57600) ¡C¦pªG±z¤U§¹ AT «ü¥O«á¡AÁä¤J -~. ¥i¥HÂ÷¶}¡C + - +³o¸Ìªº line ¬O«ü±zªº serial port (¨Ò¦p /dev/cuaa0) ¡Aspeed + ¬O«ü±zªº¶Ç¿é³t«× (¨Ò¦p 57600) ¡C¦pªG±z¤U§¹ AT «ü¥O«á¡AÁä¤J + ~. ¥i¥HÂ÷¶}¡C + + + + - -pn Ä椤ªº <email>@</email> ¤£¯à¥Î¤F¡I + +pn Ä椤ªº @ ¤£¯à¥Î¤F¡I ¹q¸Ü¸¹½XÄ椤ªº @ °O¸¹¬O¥Î¨Ó§i¶D tip ¥h /etc/phones §ä¹q¸Ü¸¹½X¡C¦ý¬O @ ¦P®É¤]¬O /etc/remote -³oÃþÀɮפ¤ªº¯S®í¦r¤¸¡C±z¥i¥H¥[¤W¤Ï±×½u¡G + ³oÃþÀɮפ¤ªº¯S®í¦r¤¸¡C±z¥i¥H¥[¤W¤Ï±×½u¡G - + pn=\@ - + + + - -§Ú­n«ç»ò¦b©R¥O¦C¤U¼·¹q¸Ü©O¡H + +§Ú­n«ç»ò¦b©R¥O¦C¤U¼·¹q¸Ü©O¡H ¦b±zªº /etc/remote ©ñ¤@­Ó ``generic''¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡G - + tip115200|Dial any phone number at 115200 bps:\ :dv=/dev/cuaa0:br#115200:at=hayes:pa=none:du: tip57600|Dial any phone number at 57600 bps:\ @@ -6252,37 +7682,45 @@ modem -µM«á±z´N¥i¥H¹³ ``tip -115200 5551234'' ³o¼Ë¥Î¤F¡C¦pªG±z¤ñ¸û³ß -Åw¥Î cu -ªº¸Ü¡A¨Ï¥Î generic cu Äæ¦ì¡G + - +µM«á±z´N¥i¥H¹³ ``tip -115200 5551234'' ³o¼Ë¥Î¤F¡C¦pªG±z¤ñ¸û³ß + Åw¥Î cu + ªº¸Ü¡A¨Ï¥Î generic cu Äæ¦ì¡G + + cu115200|Use cu to dial any number at 115200bps:\ :dv=/dev/cuaa1:br#57600:at=hayes:pa=none:du: + + µM«á¿é¤J ``cu 5551234 -s 115200'' ¡C - + + + - -§Ú¨C¦¸¥Îªº®É­Ô³£­n¿é¤J bps ³t«×¶Ü¡H + +§Ú¨C¦¸¥Îªº®É­Ô³£­n¿é¤J bps ³t«×¶Ü¡H ±z¥i¥H¨Ï¥ÎÃþ¦ü tip1200 ©Î¬O cu1200 ªºÄæ¦ì¡A¤£¹L¦b±z¨Ï¥Î¤§ -«e½Ð¥ý½T©w±zªº br Äæ¥i¥H¤ä´©³o­Ó³t«×¡Ctip »{¬° 1200 -bps ¬O¤@­Ó«Ü¦nªº¹w³]­È¡A³o¤]´N¬O¬°¤°»ò­n¥s°µ ``tip1200'' ªº­ì¦] -¤F¡C·íµM±z¤]¥i¥H¤£­n¥Î 1200 bps ¡C + «e½Ð¥ý½T©w±zªº br Äæ¥i¥H¤ä´©³o­Ó³t«×¡Ctip »{¬° 1200 + bps ¬O¤@­Ó«Ü¦nªº¹w³]­È¡A³o¤]´N¬O¬°¤°»ò­n¥s°µ ``tip1200'' ªº­ì¦] + ¤F¡C·íµM±z¤]¥i¥H¤£­n¥Î 1200 bps ¡C - + + + - -³z¹L¤@¥x terminal server ¨Ó¦s¨ú¥D¾÷¡C + +³z¹L¤@¥x terminal server ¨Ó¦s¨ú¥D¾÷¡C °£¤F¨C¦¸µ¥±z³s¤W server ¨ÃÁä¤J ``CONNECT <host>'' ¥H¥~¡A -¤ñ¸û¦nªº¤èªk¬O¥Î tip ªº cm ¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A¬Ý¬Ý /etc/remote¡G + ¤ñ¸û¦nªº¤èªk¬O¥Î tip ªº cm ¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A¬Ý¬Ý /etc/remote¡G - + pain|pain.deep13.com|Forrester's machine:\ :cm=CONNECT pain\n:tc=deep13: muffin|muffin.deep13.com|Frank's machine:\ @@ -6292,20 +7730,26 @@ bps -¥i¥HÅý±z¥u¥´ ``tip pain'' ©Î¬O ``tip muffin'' ´N¥i¥H³s¤W -pain ©Î muffin¡FµM«á ``tip deep13'' ¥i¥H³s¤W terminal server¡C + - +¥i¥HÅý±z¥u¥´ ``tip pain'' ©Î¬O ``tip muffin'' ´N¥i¥H³s¤W + pain ©Î muffin¡FµM«á ``tip deep13'' ¥i¥H³s¤W terminal server¡C + + + + - -tip ¥i¥H¦b¤@¦¸³s½u¤¤¿ï¾Ü¦h¥x¾÷¾¹¶Ü¡H + +tip ¥i¥H¦b¤@¦¸³s½u¤¤¿ï¾Ü¦h¥x¾÷¾¹¶Ü¡H ³q±`³o­Ó°ÝÃDµo¥Í¦b¡G¤@¶¡¤j¾Ç¦³¤@¨Ç modem ¡A¦Ó¥B¦³¤W¤d¦W¾Ç¥Í­n¥Î... -¦b /etc/remote ¸Ì¬°±zªº¤j¾Ç³]¤@­ÓÄæ¦ì¡A¨Ã¨Ï¥Î \@ §@¬° -¥¦ªº pn¡G + - +¦b /etc/remote ¸Ì¬°±zªº¤j¾Ç³]¤@­ÓÄæ¦ì¡A¨Ã¨Ï¥Î \@ §@¬° + ¥¦ªº pn¡G + + big-university:\ :pn=\@:tc=dialout dialout:\ @@ -6313,10 +7757,12 @@ pain -µM«á¡A§â¤j¾Çªº¼·±µ¹q¸Ü©ñ¦b /etc/phones -¤¤¡G + - +µM«á¡A§â¤j¾Çªº¼·±µ¹q¸Ü©ñ¦b /etc/phones + ¤¤¡G + + big-university 5551111 big-university 5551112 big-university 5551113 @@ -6324,98 +7770,126 @@ pain -tip -·|¨Ì·Óªí¦Cªº¶¶§Ç¨Ì¦¸À|¸Õ¡A³Ì«á©ñ±ó¡C¦pªG±z­n¤@ª½¸Õªº¸Ü¡A±z¥i¥H¦b -while °j°é¸Ì°õ¦æ tip ¡C + - +tip + ·|¨Ì·Óªí¦Cªº¶¶§Ç¨Ì¦¸À|¸Õ¡A³Ì«á©ñ±ó¡C¦pªG±z­n¤@ª½¸Õªº¸Ü¡A±z¥i¥H¦b + while °j°é¸Ì°õ¦æ tip ¡C + + + + - -¬°¤°»ò§Ú«ö¨â¦¸ CTRL+P¡A¥i¬O«o¥u°e¥X¤F¤@­Ó CTRL+P¡H + +¬°¤°»ò§Ú«ö¨â¦¸ CTRL+P¡A¥i¬O«o¥u°e¥X¤F¤@­Ó CTRL+P¡H CTRL+P ¬O¤º©wªº ``force'' ¦r¤¸¡A¥Î¨Ó§i¶D tip ¤U¤@­Ó¦r¤¸ -¬O¤@¯ë¦r¤¸¡C±z¥i¥HÂÇ¥Ñ ~s (¥Nªí ``³]©wÅܼÆ'') §â¨ä¥L¦r¤¸³]¦¨±j -­¢¦r¤¸¡C + ¬O¤@¯ë¦r¤¸¡C±z¥i¥HÂÇ¥Ñ ~s (¥Nªí ``³]©wÅܼÆ'') §â¨ä¥L¦r¤¸³]¦¨±j + ­¢¦r¤¸¡C + + Áä¤J ``~sforce=<single-char>'' «á­±±µ¤@­Ó newline ¡C -<single-char> ¥i¥H¬O¥ô·N³æ¤@¦r¤¸¡C¦pªG±z¥u¥´ -<single-char> ¡A«h nul ´N³Q³]¦¨¬O force character¡A±z¥i -¥HÂǥѫö CTRL+2 ©Î¬O CTRL+SPACE ¨Ó«ö¥X nul ¡CSHIFT+CTRL+6 ¬O¤@­Ó¤£ -¿ùªº <single-char> ¡A§Ú¬Ý¹L¤@¨Ç²×ºÝ¾÷³£¬O³o»ò³]©w¡C + <single-char> ¥i¥H¬O¥ô·N³æ¤@¦r¤¸¡C¦pªG±z¥u¥´ + <single-char> ¡A«h nul ´N³Q³]¦¨¬O force character¡A±z¥i + ¥HÂǥѫö CTRL+2 ©Î¬O CTRL+SPACE ¨Ó«ö¥X nul ¡CSHIFT+CTRL+6 ¬O¤@­Ó¤£ + ¿ùªº <single-char> ¡A§Ú¬Ý¹L¤@¨Ç²×ºÝ¾÷³£¬O³o»ò³]©w¡C + + ±z¤]¥i¥H¦b $HOME/.tiprc ¤¤³]©w force character¡G - + force=<single-char> - + + + - -¬ðµM¶¡§Ú¥´ªºªF¦è³£Åܦ¨¤j¼g¤F¡H¡H + +¬ðµM¶¡§Ú¥´ªºªF¦è³£Åܦ¨¤j¼g¤F¡H¡H ±zÀ³¸Ó¬O«ö¨ì¤F CTRL+A¡A¦b tip ¤¤¬°¨S¦³ -caps-lock Á䪺¨Ï¥ÎªÌ©Ò³]­pªº ``raise character''¡C±z¥i¥H¹³¤W­Ó°ÝÃD -¤@¼Ë§Q¥Î ~s ¨Ó§â ``raisechar'' ³o­ÓÅܼƧ令¦X²zªº­È¡C¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A -¦pªG±z»{¬°±z¥Ã»·³£¤£·|¥Î¨ì³o¨â­Ó¥\¯àªº¸Ü¡A±z¥i¥H§â¥¦³]¦¨¸ò force -character ¤@¼Ë¡C + caps-lock Á䪺¨Ï¥ÎªÌ©Ò³]­pªº ``raise character''¡C±z¥i¥H¹³¤W­Ó°ÝÃD + ¤@¼Ë§Q¥Î ~s ¨Ó§â ``raisechar'' ³o­ÓÅܼƧ令¦X²zªº­È¡C¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A + ¦pªG±z»{¬°±z¥Ã»·³£¤£·|¥Î¨ì³o¨â­Ó¥\¯àªº¸Ü¡A±z¥i¥H§â¥¦³]¦¨¸ò force + character ¤@¼Ë¡C + + ¤U­±¬O¤@­Ó¬° Emacs ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ©Ò³]©wªº .tiprc ¡AEmacs ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ±`±`·|¥Î¨ì -CTRL+2 ©M CTRL+A¡G + CTRL+2 ©M CTRL+A¡G - + force=^^ raisechar=^^ + + ^ ´N¬O SHIFT+CTRL+6 ¡C - + + + - -§Ú­n¦p¦ó¨Ï¥Î <emphasis remap=tt>tip</emphasis> ¨Ó¶ÇÀɮשO¡H + +§Ú­n¦p¦ó¨Ï¥Î tip ¨Ó¶ÇÀɮשO¡H ¦pªG±zªº¹ï¹³¤]¬O UNIX ¨t²Îªº¸Ü¡A±z¥i¥H¥Î ~p (put) ©M ~t -(take) ¨Ó¦¬°e¸ê®Æ¡C³o¨â­Ó©R¥O·|¦b»·ºÝ¾÷¾¹°õ¦æ cat ©M echo ¨Ó¦¬°eÀÉ -®×¡C¥Îªk¬O¡G + (take) ¨Ó¦¬°e¸ê®Æ¡C³o¨â­Ó©R¥O·|¦b»·ºÝ¾÷¾¹°õ¦æ cat ©M echo ¨Ó¦¬°eÀÉ + ®×¡C¥Îªk¬O¡G - 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+ - -¦p¦ó±q kernel panic ±o¨ì³Ì¦h¸ê°T¡H + +¦p¦ó±q kernel panic ±o¨ì³Ì¦h¸ê°T¡H -[³o¸`¬O±q Bill Paul -¦b freebsd-current ¤Wµoªí -ªº«H¤¤¸`¿ý¡ADag-Erling Coïdan Smørgrav ­×¥¿¤F¥´¦r¿ù»~¡B¦A -¥[¤W¬A©·¸Ìªºª`¸Ñ¡C] + [³o¸`¬O±q Bill Paul + ¦b freebsd-current ¤Wµoªí + ªº«H¤¤¸`¿ý¡ADag-Erling Coïdan Smørgrav ­×¥¿¤F¥´¦r¿ù»~¡B¦A + ¥[¤W¬A©·¸Ìªºª`¸Ñ¡C] - + + + From: Bill Paul <wpaul@skynet.ctr.columbia.edu> Subject: Re: the fs fun never stops To: ben@rosengart.com @@ -7076,7 +8735,10 @@ Cc: current@FreeBSD.org -[<ben@rosengart.com> µoªí¤F¤U­±ªº panic °T®§] + + + [<ben@rosengart.com> µoªí¤F¤U­±ªº panic °T®§] + > Fatal trap 12: page fault while in kernel mode > fault virtual address = 0x40 > fault code = supervisor read, page not present @@ -7094,187 +8756,237 @@ Cc: current@FreeBSD.org + + ·í§A¬Ý¨ì¹³³o¼Ëªº°T®§®É¡A¥u§â¥¦«þ¤@¥÷°e¤W¨Ó¬O¤£°÷ªº¡C§Ú¦b¤W -­±¯S¦a¼Ð©úªº instruction pointer ­È¬Û·í­«­n¡A¤£©¯ªº¬O¥¦·|¦]³] -©w¦Ó¤£¦P¡C´«¥y¸Ü»¡¡A³o­Ó­È·|¸ò§A¥Îªº kernel image ÀɦÓÅÜ°Ê¡C¦p -ªG¬O¥Î¬Y­Ó snapshot ª©¥»ªº GENERIC kernel¡A¤]³\¨ä¥L¤H¥i¥H°lÂÜ -¨ì¥X°ÝÃDªº¨ç¦¡¡A¦ý¦pªG§A¬O¥Î¦Û­qªº kernel¡A¨º»ò¥u¦³§A¤~¯à -§i¶D§Ú­Ì°ÝÃD¥X¦b¨º¸Ì¡C + ­±¯S¦a¼Ð©úªº instruction pointer ­È¬Û·í­«­n¡A¤£©¯ªº¬O¥¦·|¦]³] + ©w¦Ó¤£¦P¡C´«¥y¸Ü»¡¡A³o­Ó­È·|¸ò§A¥Îªº kernel image ÀɦÓÅÜ°Ê¡C¦p + ªG¬O¥Î¬Y­Ó snapshot ª©¥»ªº GENERIC kernel¡A¤]³\¨ä¥L¤H¥i¥H°lÂÜ + ¨ì¥X°ÝÃDªº¨ç¦¡¡A¦ý¦pªG§A¬O¥Î¦Û­qªº kernel¡A¨º»ò¥u¦³§A¤~¯à + §i¶D§Ú­Ì°ÝÃD¥X¦b¨º¸Ì¡C + + ­n°µªº¨Æ¥]¬A³o¨Ç¡G - 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+ + + % gdb -k /sys/compile/KERNELCONFIG/kernel.debug /var/crash/vmcore.0 (gdb) where + + ­nª`·N¥i¯à·|¥X²{¦n´X­Ó¿Ã¹õªº¥i¥Î¸ê°T¡A§A¥i¥H¥Î script(1) -§â©Ò¦³¿é¥X³£¦s°_¨Ó¡C¥Î¥]¬A©Ò¦³ debug symbol ªº kernel ¨Ó°£¿ù¡A -³o¼ËÀ³¸Ó¥i¥Hª½±µÅã¥Ü panic ¬Oµo¥Í¦b¨º¤@¦æ¡C³q±`¬O¥Ñ¤U©¹¤WŪ stack -strace¡A³o¼Ë¤~¯à¤@­Ó­Ó°lÂÜ¥X¦³¨º¨Ç°Ê§@¤Þ¨ì crash¡C¤]¥i¥H¥Î -gdb(1) §â¦UºØÅܼƩε²ºcªº¤º®e¦L¥X¨Ó¡A¥HÀˬd¨t²Î crash ®Éªº -¹ê»Úª¬ºA¡C + §â©Ò¦³¿é¥X³£¦s°_¨Ó¡C¥Î¥]¬A©Ò¦³ debug symbol ªº kernel ¨Ó°£¿ù¡A + ³o¼ËÀ³¸Ó¥i¥Hª½±µÅã¥Ü panic ¬Oµo¥Í¦b¨º¤@¦æ¡C³q±`¬O¥Ñ¤U©¹¤WŪ stack + strace¡A³o¼Ë¤~¯à¤@­Ó­Ó°lÂÜ¥X¦³¨º¨Ç°Ê§@¤Þ¨ì crash¡C¤]¥i¥H¥Î + gdb(1) §â¦UºØÅܼƩε²ºcªº¤º®e¦L¥X¨Ó¡A¥HÀˬd¨t²Î crash ®Éªº + ¹ê»Úª¬ºA¡C + + ¦n°Õ¡A¦pªG§A¦³²Ä¤G¥x¹q¸£¦Ó¥B¦³°÷ºÆ¨g¡A¥i¥H±N gdb(1) ³]©w -¦¨»·ºÝ°£¿ù¡C³o¼Ë§A¥i¥H¦b¤@¥x¾÷¾¹¤¤¥Î gdb(1) ¥h°£¿ù¥t¤@¥x¸Ìªº -kernel¡A¥i¥H°õ¦æªº¥]¬A³]©w¤¤Â_ÂI¡B¦b kernel ­ì©l½X¤¤¤@¨B¨B°õ¦æµ¥ -µ¥¡A´N¹³¦b¤@¯ë¨Ï¥ÎªÌµ{¦¡¤W°£¿ù¤@¼Ë¡C¥Ñ©ó¨S¦³¤°»ò¾÷·|¬°°£¿ù¦Ó³]¸m -¨â¥x¨Ã¾F¹q¸£¡A©Ò¥H§ÚÁÙ¨S¦³³o¼Ëª±¹L¡C + ¦¨»·ºÝ°£¿ù¡C³o¼Ë§A¥i¥H¦b¤@¥x¾÷¾¹¤¤¥Î gdb(1) ¥h°£¿ù¥t¤@¥x¸Ìªº + kernel¡A¥i¥H°õ¦æªº¥]¬A³]©w¤¤Â_ÂI¡B¦b kernel ­ì©l½X¤¤¤@¨B¨B°õ¦æµ¥ + µ¥¡A´N¹³¦b¤@¯ë¨Ï¥ÎªÌµ{¦¡¤W°£¿ù¤@¼Ë¡C¥Ñ©ó¨S¦³¤°»ò¾÷·|¬°°£¿ù¦Ó³]¸m + ¨â¥x¨Ã¾F¹q¸£¡A©Ò¥H§ÚÁÙ¨S¦³³o¼Ëª±¹L¡C + + [Bill ªþª`¡G§Ú§Ñ¤F´£¨ì¤@ÂI¡G¦pªG§A¦³±Ò°Ê DDB ¦Ó kernel ¤] -¤w¸g¶i¤J°£¿ù¾¹¡A¥i¥H¦b DDB ©R¥O¦C¤U¥´ `panic'¡A±j­¢²£¥Í panic(ÁÙ -¦³ crash dump)¡C¤]¦³¥i¯à¦b panic ¶¥¬q®É¦A¶i¤J°£¿ù¾¹¡A¦pªG³o¼Ëªº¸Ü -¡A¿é¤J `continue'¡A±µµÛ¥¦´N·|§¹¦¨ crash dump¡C -ed] + ¤w¸g¶i¤J°£¿ù¾¹¡A¥i¥H¦b DDB ©R¥O¦C¤U¥´ `panic'¡A±j­¢²£¥Í panic(ÁÙ + ¦³ crash dump)¡C¤]¦³¥i¯à¦b panic ¶¥¬q®É¦A¶i¤J°£¿ù¾¹¡A¦pªG³o¼Ëªº¸Ü + ¡A¿é¤J `continue'¡A±µµÛ¥¦´N·|§¹¦¨ crash dump¡C -ed] - + + + - -dlsym() ¹ï ELF °õ¦æÀɤ£¯à¥Î! + +dlsym() ¹ï ELF °õ¦æÀɤ£¯à¥Î! ¦b ELF ¤@¨t¦Cªº¤u¨ã¤¤¡A¤º©w¬O¤£·|Åý dynamic linker ¬Ý¨ì°õ¦æÀÉ -¸Ì©w¸q¤F¨º¨Ç symbol¡C©Ò¥H dlsym() ¨S¦³¿ìªk¥ÎÂǥѩI¥s -dlopen(NULL, flags) ¨ú±oªº handle¡A¥Î¥¦¥h·j´M¦³¨º¨Ç -symbol ¤@©w·|¥¢±Ñ¡C + ¸Ì©w¸q¤F¨º¨Ç symbol¡C©Ò¥H dlsym() ¨S¦³¿ìªk¥ÎÂǥѩI¥s + dlopen(NULL, flags) ¨ú±oªº handle¡A¥Î¥¦¥h·j´M¦³¨º¨Ç + symbol ¤@©w·|¥¢±Ñ¡C + + ¦pªG§A·Q­n¥Î dlsym() §ä¥X¬Y­Ó process ªº¥D°õ¦æÀɤ¤ -¦³¨º¨Ç symbol¡A«h­n¦b link ®É¹ï -ELF linker ¥[¤W ³o­Ó°Ñ¼Æ¡C + ¦³¨º¨Ç symbol¡A«h­n¦b link ®É¹ï + ELF linker ¥[¤W ³o­Ó°Ñ¼Æ¡C - + + + - -¼W¥[©Î´î¤Ö kernel ¯à©w§}ªºªÅ¶¡ + +¼W¥[©Î´î¤Ö kernel ¯à©w§}ªºªÅ¶¡ ¨t²Îªº¤º©w¬O¡AFreeBSD 3.x kernel ¯à©w§}¨ì 256 MB¡A4.x «h¬O -1 GB¡C¦pªG¬Oºô¸ô­t²ü¬Û·í­«ªº¦øªA¾¹(´N¹³¤j«¬ FTP ©Î HTTP ¦øªA¾¹)¡A -256 MB ¥i¯à·|¤£¤j°÷¡C + 1 GB¡C¦pªG¬Oºô¸ô­t²ü¬Û·í­«ªº¦øªA¾¹(´N¹³¤j«¬ FTP ©Î HTTP ¦øªA¾¹)¡A + 256 MB ¥i¯à·|¤£¤j°÷¡C + + ­n«ç»ò¼W¥[©w§}ªÅ¶¡©O? ­n±q¨â¤è­±µÛ¤â¡C­º¥ý§i¶D kernel ¥»¨­­n -«O¯d¸û¤jªÅ¶¡; ¨ä¦¸¡A¬JµM¬O¦b©w§}ªÅ¶¡ªº³Ì¤W­±¸ü¤J kernel¡A©Ò¥HÁÙ -­n½Õ§C¸ü¤Jªº¦ì§}¡A§_«h´N·|¶W¹L©w§}½d³ò¡C + «O¯d¸û¤jªÅ¶¡; ¨ä¦¸¡A¬JµM¬O¦b©w§}ªÅ¶¡ªº³Ì¤W­±¸ü¤J kernel¡A©Ò¥HÁÙ + ­n½Õ§C¸ü¤Jªº¦ì§}¡A§_«h´N·|¶W¹L©w§}½d³ò¡C + + ¼W¥[ src/sys/i386/include/pmap.h ¸Ìªº NKPDE ­È -«K¥i¹F¦¨²Ä¤@­Ó¥Ø¼Ð¡C1 GB ªº©w§}ªÅ¶¡·|¹³³o¼Ë¡G + «K¥i¹F¦¨²Ä¤@­Ó¥Ø¼Ð¡C1 GB ªº©w§}ªÅ¶¡·|¹³³o¼Ë¡G - + #ifndef NKPDE #ifdef SMP #define NKPDE 254 /* addressable number of page tables/pde's */ @@ -7285,17 +8997,21 @@ symbol + + ­nºâ¥X NKPDE ªº¥¿½T­È¡A±N·Q­nªºªÅ¶¡¤j¤p(¥H megabyte ¬°³æ -¦ì)°£¥H 4¡A±µµÛ³æ CPU ¾÷¾¹´î 1¡AÂù CPU «h¬O´î 2¡C + ¦ì)°£¥H 4¡A±µµÛ³æ CPU ¾÷¾¹´î 1¡AÂù CPU «h¬O´î 2¡C + + ­n¸Ñ¨M²Ä¤G­Ó°ÝÃD¡A¥²¶·¦Û¦æºâ¥X kernel ³Q¸ü¤Jªº¦ì§}¡G¨D¥X -0x100100000 ´î±¼©w§}ªÅ¶¡¤j¤pªº­È(¥H byte ¬°³æ¦ì)¡A¦p 1 GB ¤j¤p´N -¬O 0xc0100000¡C§â src/sys/i386/conf/Makefile.i386 ¸Ìªº -LOAD_ADDRESS ³]¦¨³o­Ó­È¡A±µµÛ¦b -src/sys/i386/conf/kernel.script ¤¤¡A±N section ¦Cªí³Ì«e­±ªº -location counter ³]¦¨¬Û¦Pªº­È¡A¦p¤U¡G + 0x100100000 ´î±¼©w§}ªÅ¶¡¤j¤pªº­È(¥H byte ¬°³æ¦ì)¡A¦p 1 GB ¤j¤p´N + ¬O 0xc0100000¡C§â src/sys/i386/conf/Makefile.i386 ¸Ìªº + LOAD_ADDRESS ³]¦¨³o­Ó­È¡A±µµÛ¦b + src/sys/i386/conf/kernel.script ¤¤¡A±N section ¦Cªí³Ì«e­±ªº + location counter ³]¦¨¬Û¦Pªº­È¡A¦p¤U¡G - + OUTPUT_FORMAT("elf32-i386", "elf32-i386", "elf32-i386") OUTPUT_ARCH(i386) ENTRY(btext) @@ -7308,26 +9024,34 @@ SECTIONS + + µM«á­«·s config ©M°µ¥X·sªº kernel¡C¦b°õ¦æ¹³ ps(1)¡B -top(1) ³oÃþµ{¦¡®É¥i¯à·|¸I¨ì°ÝÃD¡A°µ¤@¦¸ make world -À³¸Ó´N¥i¥H¸Ñ¨M(©Î§â§ï¹Lªº pmap.h «þ¨ì /usr/include/vm/ -¤U¡A¦A¤â°Ê½sĶ libkvm¡Bps ©M top)¡C + top(1) ³oÃþµ{¦¡®É¥i¯à·|¸I¨ì°ÝÃD¡A°µ¤@¦¸ make world + À³¸Ó´N¥i¥H¸Ñ¨M(©Î§â§ï¹Lªº pmap.h «þ¨ì /usr/include/vm/ + ¤U¡A¦A¤â°Ê½sĶ libkvm¡Bps ©M top)¡C + + ª`·N¡Gkernel ©Ò¯à©w§}ªºªÅ¶¡¤j¤p¥²¶·¬O 4 megabytes ªº­¿¼Æ¡C -[David Greenman ¥[¤W -³o¤@¬q¡G§Ú»{¬° kernel ©w§}ªÅ¶¡¤j¤pÀ³¸Ó¬O 2 ªº­¼¾­¡A¦ý¤£¤j½T -©w³o¤@ÂI¡Cªº±Ò°Êµ{¦¡·|°Ê¨ì high order address bits¡A°O±o¥¦°²³] -¦Ü¤Ö¦³ 256 MB¡C] + - +[David Greenman ¥[¤W + ³o¤@¬q¡G§Ú»{¬° kernel ©w§}ªÅ¶¡¤j¤pÀ³¸Ó¬O 2 ªº­¼¾­¡A¦ý¤£¤j½T + ©w³o¤@ÂI¡Cªº±Ò°Êµ{¦¡·|°Ê¨ì high order address bits¡A°O±o¥¦°²³] + ¦Ü¤Ö¦³ 256 MB¡C] + + + + ·PÁ - + °²¦p±z¦b³o¥÷ FAQ ¤¤§ä¨ì¿ù»~ªº¦a¤è¡A©Î¬O±z·Q¼W¥[¨Ç¬Æ»ò¡A ½Ð¼g«Ê«H¨ì <FAQ@FreeBSD.org>¡C§Ú­Ì«D±`·PÁ±zªº«Øij¡A ¦]¬°±zªº«ØijÅý³o¥÷¤å¥óÅܱo§ó¦n¡I @@ -7337,13 +9061,13 @@ id="acknowledgments"> - + Jordan Hubbard ¤£°±ªº§ó·s¹L®Éªº FAQ - + @@ -7353,7 +9077,7 @@ id="acknowledgments"> ¸g±`¦b freebsd-questions ¤W¦^µª°ÝÃD - + @@ -7363,7 +9087,7 @@ id="acknowledgments"> ¸g±`¦b Usenet ¤W¦^µª°ÝÃD - + @@ -7373,7 +9097,7 @@ id="acknowledgments"> Networking and formatting - + @@ -7383,7 +9107,7 @@ id="acknowledgments"> Multicast information - + @@ -7393,7 +9117,7 @@ id="acknowledgments"> FreeBSD FAQ ³o¥÷¤å¥óªº¥´¦r­W¤u - + @@ -7401,14 +9125,18 @@ id="acknowledgments"> The FreeBSD Team -Kvetching¡Amoaning¡Asubmitting data +Kvetching¡Amoaning¡Asubmitting data + -¹ï©ó¨º¨Ç´¿¸g¹ï³o¥÷ FAQ ´£¨ÑÀ°§U¡A¦Ó§Ú­Ì¨S´£¨ìªº¤H­Ì¡A§Ú­Ì¥Ñ°Jªº·PÁ±z¡I + + +¹ï©ó¨º¨Ç´¿¸g¹ï³o¥÷ FAQ ´£¨ÑÀ°§U¡A¦Ó§Ú­Ì¨S´£¨ìªº¤H­Ì¡A§Ú­Ì¥Ñ°Jªº·PÁ±z¡I +