os/doc
3
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Projects Releases Wiki Activity

handbook/*

Browse source 
- Use trademark entities, including XFree86 now that the XFree86 Core
   Team has responded with their trademark policy.
 - Add trademark attributions.
 - Always use correct case for trademarks.
 - Don't join trademarks with other words, e.g. using hyphens.
 - Don't use trademarks as nouns (e.g. don't use "Windows NT's").

trademark.ent:
 - Add entities for more trademarks / companies.
 - Fix the Xiph.Org entry.
This commit is contained in:
Simon L. B. Nielsen 2003-08-31 22:15:28 +00:00
parent fc12ff30c0
commit 9d8f8810f0
Notes: svn2git 2020-12-08 03:00:23 +00:00 
svn path=/head/; revision=18039
14 changed files with 394 additions and 364 deletions
Download patch file Download diff file Expand all files Collapse all files

4
en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/bibliography/chapter.sgml
View file

@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
pieces of the FreeBSD operating system, they are notorious for not
illustrating how to put the pieces together to make the whole operating
system run smoothly. For this, there is no substitute for a good book on
Unix system administration and a good users' manual.</para>
&unix; system administration and a good users' manual.</para>
<sect1 id="bibliography-freebsd">
<title>Books &amp; Magazines Specific to FreeBSD</title>
@ -476,7 +476,7 @@
</sect1>
<sect1 id="bibliography-history">
<title>Unix History</title>
<title>&unix; History</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>

5
en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/book.sgml
View file

@ -85,11 +85,13 @@
&tm-attrib.freebsd;
&tm-attrib.3com;
&tm-attrib.3ware;
&tm-attrib.arm;
&tm-attrib.adaptec;
&tm-attrib.adobe;
&tm-attrib.apple;
&tm-attrib.corel;
&tm-attrib.creative;
&tm-attrib.heidelberger;
&tm-attrib.ibm;
&tm-attrib.ieee;
&tm-attrib.intel;
@ -108,10 +110,13 @@
&tm-attrib.sap;
&tm-attrib.sun;
&tm-attrib.symantec;
&tm-attrib.themathworks;
&tm-attrib.thomson;
&tm-attrib.usrobotics;
&tm-attrib.vmware;
&tm-attrib.waterloomaple;
&tm-attrib.wolframresearch;
&tm-attrib.xfree86;
&tm-attrib.xiph;
&tm-attrib.general;
</legalnotice>

2
en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/cutting-edge/chapter.sgml
View file

@ -932,7 +932,7 @@ Script done, &hellip;</screen>
</indexterm>
<para>Many factors influence the build time, but currently a 500&nbsp;MHz
Pentium&nbsp;III with 128&nbsp;MB of RAM takes about 2&nbsp;hours to build
&pentium;&nbsp;III with 128&nbsp;MB of RAM takes about 2&nbsp;hours to build
the &os.stable; tree, with no tricks or shortcuts used during the
process. A &os.current; tree will take somewhat longer.</para>
</sect3>

38
en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/eresources/chapter.sgml
View file

@ -180,7 +180,7 @@
<row>
<entry>&a.aic7xxx.name;</entry>
<entry>Developing drivers for the Adaptec AIC 7xxx</entry>
<entry>Developing drivers for the &adaptec; AIC 7xxx</entry>
</row>
<row>
@ -195,7 +195,7 @@
<row>
<entry>&a.arm.name;</entry>
<entry>Porting FreeBSD to ARM processors</entry>
<entry>Porting FreeBSD to &arm; processors</entry>
</row>
<row>
@ -237,12 +237,12 @@
<row>
<entry>&a.emulation.name;</entry>
<entry>Emulation of other systems such as
Linux/DOS/Windows</entry>
Linux/DOS/&windows;</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>&a.firewire.name;</entry>
<entry>FreeBSD Firewire (iLink, IEEE 1394) technical
<entry>FreeBSD &firewire; (iLink, IEEE 1394) technical
discussion</entry>
</row>
@ -274,7 +274,7 @@
<row>
<entry>&a.ia32.name;</entry>
<entry>FreeBSD on the IA-32 (Intel x86) platform</entry>
<entry>FreeBSD on the IA-32 (&intel; x86) platform</entry>
</row>
<row>
@ -295,7 +295,7 @@
<row>
<entry>&a.java.name;</entry>
<entry>Java developers and people porting JDKs to
<entry>&java; developers and people porting &jdk;s to
FreeBSD</entry>
</row>
@ -317,7 +317,7 @@
<row>
<entry>&a.mips.name;</entry>
<entry>Porting FreeBSD to MIPS</entry>
<entry>Porting FreeBSD to &mips;</entry>
</row>
<row>
@ -348,7 +348,7 @@
<row>
<entry>&a.openoffice.name;</entry>
<entry>Porting <application>OpenOffice.org</application> and
<application>StarOffice</application> to FreeBSD</entry>
<application>&staroffice;</application> to FreeBSD</entry>
</row>
<row>
@ -375,7 +375,7 @@
<row>
<entry>&a.ppc.name;</entry>
<entry>Porting FreeBSD to the PowerPC</entry>
<entry>Porting FreeBSD to the &powerpc;</entry>
</row>
<row>
@ -411,12 +411,12 @@
<row>
<entry>&a.sparc.name;</entry>
<entry>Porting FreeBSD to SPARC based systems</entry>
<entry>Porting FreeBSD to &sparc; based systems</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>&a.standards.name;</entry>
<entry>FreeBSD's conformance to the C99 and the POSIX
<entry>FreeBSD's conformance to the C99 and the &posix;
standards</entry>
</row>
@ -827,10 +827,10 @@
<term>&a.firewire.name;</term>
<listitem>
<para><emphasis>Firewire (iLink, IEEE 1394)</emphasis></para>
<para><emphasis>&firewire; (iLink, IEEE 1394)</emphasis></para>
<para>This is a mailing list for discussion of the design
and implementation of a Firewire (aka IEEE 1394 aka
and implementation of a &firewire; (aka IEEE 1394 aka
iLink) subsystem for FreeBSD. Relevant topics
specifically include the standards, bus devices and
their protocols, adapter boards/cards/chips sets, and
@ -905,11 +905,11 @@
<term>&a.java.name;</term>
<listitem>
<para><emphasis>Java Development</emphasis></para>
<para><emphasis>&java; Development</emphasis></para>
<para>This is the mailing list for people discussing the
development of significant Java applications for FreeBSD and the
porting and maintenance of JDKs.</para>
development of significant &java; applications for FreeBSD and the
porting and maintenance of &jdk;s.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
@ -1040,10 +1040,10 @@
<term>&a.platforms.name;</term>
<listitem>
<para><emphasis>Porting to Non-Intel platforms</emphasis></para>
<para><emphasis>Porting to Non Intel platforms</emphasis></para>
<para>Cross-platform FreeBSD issues, general discussion and
proposals for non-Intel FreeBSD ports. This is a technical
proposals for non Intel FreeBSD ports. This is a technical
mailing list for which strictly technical content is
expected.</para>
</listitem>
@ -1319,7 +1319,7 @@
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Other Unix Newsgroups of Interest</title>
<title>Other &unix; Newsgroups of Interest</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>

26
en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/install/chapter.sgml
View file

@ -2659,20 +2659,20 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c
<para>If a graphical user interface is desired then a distribution
set that is preceded by an <literal>X</literal> should be
chosen. The configuration of <application>XFree86</application> and selection of a default
chosen. The configuration of <application>&xfree86;</application> and selection of a default
desktop is part of the post-installation steps.</para>
<para>The default version of <application>XFree86</application> that is installed depends on the
<para>The default version of <application>&xfree86;</application> that is installed depends on the
version of the FreeBSD that you are installing. For FreeBSD versions
prior to 4.6, <application>XFree86 3.X</application> is installed. For FreeBSD&nbsp;4.6 and later,
<application>XFree86 4.X</application> is the default.</para>
prior to 4.6, <application>&xfree86; 3.X</application> is installed. For FreeBSD&nbsp;4.6 and later,
<application>&xfree86; 4.X</application> is the default.</para>
<para>You should check to see whether your video card is supported at the
<ulink url="http://www.xfree86.org/">XFree86</ulink> web site. If it
<ulink url="http://www.xfree86.org/">&xfree86;</ulink> web site. If it
is not supported under the default version that FreeBSD will install,
you should select a distribution without X for installation. After
installation, install and configure the appropriate version of
<application>XFree86</application> using the ports collection.</para>
<application>&xfree86;</application> using the ports collection.</para>
<para>If compiling a custom kernel is anticipated, select an option
which includes the source code. For more information on why a
@ -3829,7 +3829,7 @@ To change any of these settings later, edit /etc/rc.conf
or others, the X server will need to be configured.</para>
<note>
<para>In order to run <application>XFree86</application> as a
<para>In order to run <application>&xfree86;</application> as a
non <username>root</username> user you will need to
have <filename role="package">x11/wrapper</filename> installed.
This is installed by default beginning with FreeBSD 4.7. For
@ -3838,7 +3838,7 @@ To change any of these settings later, edit /etc/rc.conf
</note>
<para>To see whether your video card is supported, check the
<ulink url="http://www.xfree86.org/">XFree86</ulink> web site.</para>
<ulink url="http://www.xfree86.org/">&xfree86;</ulink> web site.</para>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Would you like to configure your X server at this time?
@ -4310,15 +4310,15 @@ failed. Would you like to try again?
[ Yes ] No</screen>
<para>If you have trouble configuring <application>XFree86</application>, select
<para>If you have trouble configuring <application>&xfree86;</application>, select
<guimenuitem>[ No ]</guimenuitem> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>
and continue with the installation process. After installation
you can use <command>xf86cfg -textmode</command> or
<command>xf86config</command> to access the command line
configuration utilities as <username>root</username>. There is
an additional method for configuring <application>XFree86</application> described in
an additional method for configuring <application>&xfree86;</application> described in
<xref linkend="x11">. If you choose not to configure
<application>XFree86</application> at this time the next menu will be for package
<application>&xfree86;</application> at this time the next menu will be for package
selection.</para>
<para>The default setting which allows the server to be killed
@ -4341,7 +4341,7 @@ failed. Would you like to try again?
<para>After installation, the display can be adjusted for height,
width, or centering by using <application>xvidtune</application>
after you have <application>XFree86</application> running with
after you have <application>&xfree86;</application> running with
<application>xvidtune</application>.</para>
<para>There are warnings that improper settings can
@ -4353,7 +4353,7 @@ failed. Would you like to try again?
<para>Read the &man.xvidtune.1; manual page before making
any adjustments.</para>
<para>Following a successful <application>XFree86</application> configuration, it will proceed
<para>Following a successful <application>&xfree86;</application> configuration, it will proceed
to the selection of a default desktop.</para>
</sect2>

2
en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.sgml
View file

@ -346,7 +346,7 @@
<listitem>
<para><emphasis>X Window workstation:</emphasis> FreeBSD is a
fine choice for an inexpensive X terminal solution, either
using the freely available XFree86 server or one of the
using the freely available &xfree86; server or one of the
excellent commercial servers provided by <ulink
url="http://www.xig.com">Xi Graphics</ulink>. Unlike an
X terminal, FreeBSD allows many applications to be run

18
en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/l10n/chapter.sgml
View file

@ -597,7 +597,7 @@ keychange="<replaceable>fkey_number sequence</replaceable>"</programlisting>
<para>Although X11 is not part of the FreeBSD Project, we have
included some information here for FreeBSD users. For more
details, refer to the <ulink url="http://www.xfree86.org/">XFree86
details, refer to the <ulink url="http://www.xfree86.org/">&xfree86;
web site</ulink> or whichever X11 Server you use.</para>
<para>In <filename>~/.Xresources</filename>, you can additionally
@ -798,8 +798,8 @@ font8x8="cp866-8x8"</programlisting>
<note>
<para><anchor id="russian-note">The Russian KOI8-R locale
may not work with old <application>XFree86</application> releases (lower than 3.3).
<application>XFree86 4.X</application> is now the default
may not work with old <application>&xfree86;</application> releases (lower than 3.3).
<application>&xfree86; 4.X</application> is now the default
version of the X Window System on FreeBSD.
This should not be an
issue unless you are using an old version of
@ -815,7 +815,7 @@ font8x8="cp866-8x8"</programlisting>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
<para>The above port installs the latest version of the KOI8-R
fonts. <application>XFree86 3.3</application> already has some KOI8-R fonts, but these
fonts. <application>&xfree86; 3.3</application> already has some KOI8-R fonts, but these
are scaled better.</para>
<para>Check the <literal>"Files"</literal> section
@ -837,12 +837,12 @@ FontPath "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/cyrillic/100dpi"</programlisting>
<literal>"Keyboard"</literal> section of your
<filename>XF86Config</filename> file.</para>
<para>For <application>XFree86 3.X</application>:</para>
<para>For <application>&xfree86; 3.X</application>:</para>
<programlisting>XkbLayout "ru"
XkbOptions "grp:caps_toggle"</programlisting>
<para>For <application>XFree86 4.X</application>:</para>
<para>For <application>&xfree86; 4.X</application>:</para>
<programlisting>Option "XkbLayout" "ru"
Option "XkbOptions" "grp:caps_toggle"</programlisting>
@ -860,16 +860,16 @@ Option "XkbOptions" "grp:caps_toggle"</programlisting>
incorrectly in RUS mode, add the following line in your
<filename>XF86Config</filename> file.</para>
<para>For <application>XFree86 3.X</application>:</para>
<para>For <application>&xfree86; 3.X</application>:</para>
<programlisting>XkbVariant "winkeys"</programlisting>
<para>For <application>XFree86 4.X</application>:</para>
<para>For <application>&xfree86; 4.X</application>:</para>
<programlisting>Option "XkbVariant" "winkeys"</programlisting>
<note>
<para>The Russian XKB keyboard may not work with old <application>XFree86</application>
<para>The Russian XKB keyboard may not work with old <application>&xfree86;</application>
versions, see the <link linkend="russian-note">above
note</link> for more information. The Russian XKB
keyboard may also not work with non-localized

444
en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/linuxemu/chapter.sgml
View file

File diff suppressed because it is too large Load diff

4
en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mail/chapter.sgml
View file

@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ procmail: "|/usr/local/bin/procmail"</programlisting>
<filename>/dev/null</filename>. The last example shows sending
mail to a program, in this case the mail message is written to the
standard input of <filename>/usr/local/bin/procmail</filename>
through a Unix pipe.</para>
through a &unix; pipe.</para>
<para>When this file is updated, you need to run
<command>make</command> in <filename>/etc/mail/</filename> to
@ -659,7 +659,7 @@ postmaster@example.com postmaster@noc.example.net
the System's Default Mailer</title>
<para>The program <application>sendmail</application> is so ubiquitous
as standard software on Unix systems that some software
as standard software on &unix; systems that some software
just assumes it is already installed and configured.
For this reason, many alternative MTA's provide their own compatible
implementations of the <application>sendmail</application>

4
en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors/chapter.sgml
View file

@ -1968,7 +1968,7 @@
<note>
<para>If you are going to be using
<application>CVSup</application> on a machine which will not have
<application>XFree86</application> installed, such as a server, be
<application>&xfree86;</application> installed, such as a server, be
sure to use the port which does not include the
<application>CVSup</application> <acronym>GUI</acronym>,
<filename role="package">net/cvsup-without-gui</filename>.</para>
@ -2741,7 +2741,7 @@ doc/zh_*</screen>
release=cvs</literal></term>
<listitem>
<para>Java utilities.</para>
<para>&java; utilities.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

28
en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/multimedia/chapter.sgml
View file

@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
landscape in this area is changing rapidly.</para>
<para>This chapter will describe the necessary steps to configure
your sound card. The configuration and installation of <application>XFree86</application>
your sound card. The configuration and installation of <application>&xfree86;</application>
(<xref linkend="x11">) has already taken care of the
hardware issues for your video card, though there may be some
tweaks to apply for better playback.</para>
@ -65,7 +65,7 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>How video is supported by <application>XFree86</application>.</para>
<para>How video is supported by <application>&xfree86;</application>.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
@ -88,11 +88,11 @@
linkend="kernelconfig">).</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>For the video sections, it is assumed that <application>XFree86 4.X</application>
<para>For the video sections, it is assumed that <application>&xfree86; 4.X</application>
(<filename role='package'>x11/XFree86-4</filename>) has been
installed. <application>XFree86 3.X</application> may work, but it has not been tested
installed. <application>&xfree86; 3.X</application> may work, but it has not been tested
with what is described in this chapter. If you find that
something described here does work with <application>XFree86 3.X</application> please
something described here does work with <application>&xfree86; 3.X</application> please
let us know.</para>
<warning>
@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ pcm0: &lt;SB16 DSP 4.11&gt; on sbc0</screen>
<sect2 id="mp3-players">
<title>MP3 Players</title>
<para>By far, the most popular <application>XFree86</application> MP3 player is
<para>By far, the most popular <application>&xfree86;</application> MP3 player is
<application>XMMS</application> (X Multimedia System).
<application>Winamp</application>
skins can be used with <application>XMMS</application> since the
@ -750,7 +750,7 @@ MPEG 1.0 layer III, 128 kbit/s, 44100 Hz joint-stereo
it did with sound.</para>
<para>Before you begin, you should know the model of the video
card you have and the chip it uses. While <application>XFree86</application> supports a
card you have and the chip it uses. While <application>&xfree86;</application> supports a
wide variety of video cards, fewer give good playback
performance. To obtain a list of extensions supported by the
X server using your card use the command &man.xdpyinfo.1; while
@ -811,7 +811,7 @@ kern.ipc.shmall=32768</programlisting>
method described below will have varying quality across
different hardware. Secondly, the rendering of video in X11 is
a topic receiving a lot of attention lately, and with each
version of <application>XFree86</application> there may be significant improvement.</para>
version of <application>&xfree86;</application> there may be significant improvement.</para>
<para>A list of common video interfaces:</para>
@ -837,7 +837,7 @@ kern.ipc.shmall=32768</programlisting>
<sect3 id="video-interface-xvideo">
<title>XVideo</title>
<para><application>XFree86 4.X</application> has an extension called
<para><application>&xfree86; 4.X</application> has an extension called
<emphasis>XVideo</emphasis> (aka Xvideo, aka Xv, aka xv) which
allows video to be directly displayed in drawable objects
through a special acceleration. This extension provides very
@ -859,12 +859,12 @@ kern.ipc.shmall=32768</programlisting>
</orderedlist>
<para>If your card is not one of these, do not be disappointed yet.
<application>XFree86 4.X</application> adds new xv capabilities with each release
<application>&xfree86; 4.X</application> adds new xv capabilities with each release
<footnote>
<para>A popular familiar graphics card with generally very good
<application>XFree86</application> performance, nVidia, has yet to release the specifications
on their XVideo support to the <application>XFree86</application> team. It may be some time
before <application>XFree86</application> fully support XVideo for these cards.</para>
<application>&xfree86;</application> performance, nVidia, has yet to release the specifications
on their XVideo support to the <application>&xfree86;</application> team. It may be some time
before <application>&xfree86;</application> fully support XVideo for these cards.</para>
</footnote>.
To check whether the extension is running,
use <command>xvinfo</command>:</para>
@ -979,7 +979,7 @@ no adaptors present</screen>
<sect3 id="video-interface-DGA">
<title>Direct Graphics Access</title>
<para>Direct Graphics Access is an <application>XFree86</application> extension which allows
<para>Direct Graphics Access is an <application>&xfree86;</application> extension which allows
a program to bypass the X server and directly alter the
framebuffer. Because it relies on a low level memory mapping to
effect this sharing, programs using it must must be run as

26
en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/preface/preface.sgml
View file

@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
<para>The FreeBSD newcomer will find that the first section of this
book guides the user through the FreeBSD installation process, and
gently introduces the concepts and conventions that underpin Unix.
gently introduces the concepts and conventions that underpin &unix;.
Working through this section requires little more than the desire
to explore, and the ability to take on board new concepts as they
are introduced.</para>
@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
users to grasp the text.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><xref linkend="basics"> (<quote>Unix Basics</quote>) has been expanded to contain
<para><xref linkend="basics"> (<quote>&unix; Basics</quote>) has been expanded to contain
additional information about processes, daemons, and
signals.</para>
</listitem>
@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
<listitem>
<para><xref linkend="x11"> (<quote>The X Window System</quote>) has been completely
rewritten with an emphasis on using modern desktop
technologies such as <application>KDE</application> and <application>GNOME</application> on XFree86 4.X.</para>
technologies such as <application>KDE</application> and <application>GNOME</application> on &xfree86; 4.X.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><xref linkend="boot"> (<quote>The FreeBSD Booting Process</quote>) has been
@ -103,8 +103,8 @@
<listitem>
<para><xref linkend="linuxemu"> (<quote>Linux Compatibility</quote>) has been expanded to
include information about installing
<application>Oracle</application> and
<application>SAP/R3</application>.</para>
<application>&oracle;</application> and
<application>&sap.r3;</application>.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>The following new topics are covered in this second
@ -153,11 +153,11 @@
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><emphasis><xref linkend="basics">, Unix Basics</emphasis></term>
<term><emphasis><xref linkend="basics">, &unix; Basics</emphasis></term>
<listitem>
<para>Covers the basic commands and functionality of the
FreeBSD operating system. If you are familiar with Linux or
another flavor of Unix then you can probably skip this
another flavor of &unix; then you can probably skip this
chapter.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
@ -173,7 +173,7 @@
<term><emphasis><xref linkend="x11">, The X Window System</emphasis></term>
<listitem>
<para>Describes the X Window System in general and using
<application>XFree86</application> on FreeBSD in particular. Also describes common
<application>&xfree86;</application> on FreeBSD in particular. Also describes common
desktop environments such as <application>KDE</application> and <application>GNOME</application>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
@ -313,8 +313,8 @@
<listitem>
<para>Describes the Linux compatibility features of FreeBSD.
Also provides detailed installation instructions for many
popular Linux applications such as <application>Oracle</application>, <application>SAP/R3</application>, and
<application>Mathematica</application>.</para>
popular Linux applications such as <application>&oracle;</application>, <application>&sap.r3;</application>, and
<application>&mathematica;</application>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
@ -426,9 +426,9 @@
renderas=sect2>Examples</bridgehead>
<para>Examples starting with <devicename>E:\&gt;</devicename>
indicate a MS-DOS command. Unless otherwise noted, these commands
may be executed from a <quote>Command Prompt</quote> window in a modern Microsoft
Windows environment.</para>
indicate a &ms-dos; command. Unless otherwise noted, these commands
may be executed from a <quote>Command Prompt</quote> window in a modern &microsoft.windows;
environment.</para>
<screen><prompt>E:\&gt;</prompt> <userinput>tools\fdimage floppies\kern.flp A:</userinput></screen>

120
en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x11/chapter.sgml
View file

@ -10,14 +10,14 @@
<sect1 id="x11-synopsis">
<title>Synopsis</title>
<para>FreeBSD uses <application>XFree86</application> to provide users with
a powerful graphical user interface. <application>XFree86</application>
<para>FreeBSD uses <application>&xfree86;</application> to provide users with
a powerful graphical user interface. <application>&xfree86;</application>
is an open-source implementation of the X Window System. This chapter
will cover installation and configuration of
<application>XFree86</application> on a FreeBSD system. For more
information on <application>XFree86</application> and video hardware that
<application>&xfree86;</application> on a FreeBSD system. For more
information on <application>&xfree86;</application> and video hardware that
it supports, check the <ulink
url="http://www.XFree86.org/">XFree86</ulink> web site.</para>
url="http://www.XFree86.org/">&xfree86;</ulink> web site.</para>
<para>After reading this chapter, you will know:</para>
@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
<listitem>
<para>How to install and configure
<application>XFree86</application>.</para>
<application>&xfree86;</application>.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
<listitem>
<para>How to use &truetype; fonts in
<application>XFree86</application>.</para>
<application>&xfree86;</application>.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
@ -121,7 +121,7 @@
that.</para>
<para>The X server that ships with FreeBSD is called
<application>XFree86</application>, and is available for free, under a
<application>&xfree86;</application>, and is available for free, under a
license very similar to the FreeBSD license. Commercial X servers for
FreeBSD are also available.</para>
</sect2>
@ -272,60 +272,60 @@
</sect1>
<sect1 id="x-install">
<title>Installing XFree86</title>
<title>Installing &xfree86;</title>
<para>Before installing <application>XFree86</application>, decide on which
version to run. <application>XFree86 3.X</application> is a maintenance
branch of <application>XFree86</application> development. It is very
<para>Before installing <application>&xfree86;</application>, decide on which
version to run. <application>&xfree86; 3.X</application> is a maintenance
branch of <application>&xfree86;</application> development. It is very
stable, and it supports a huge number of graphics cards. However, no new
development is being done on the software. <application>XFree86
development is being done on the software. <application>&xfree86;
4.X</application> is a complete redesign of the system with many new
features such as better support for fonts and anti-aliasing.
Unfortunately this new architecture requires that the video drivers be
rewritten, and some of the older cards that were supported in 3.X are not
yet supported in 4.X. As all new developments and support for new
graphics cards are done on that branch, <application>XFree86
graphics cards are done on that branch, <application>&xfree86;
4.X</application> is now the default version of the X Window System on
FreeBSD.</para>
<para>The FreeBSD setup program offers users the opportunity to install
and configure <application>XFree86 4.X</application> during installation
and configure <application>&xfree86; 4.X</application> during installation
(covered in <xref linkend="x-server">). To install and run
<application>XFree86 3.X</application>, wait until after the base
<application>&xfree86; 3.X</application>, wait until after the base
FreeBSD system is installed, and then install
<application>XFree86</application>. For example, to build and install
<application>XFree86 3.X</application> from the ports collection:</para>
<application>&xfree86;</application>. For example, to build and install
<application>&xfree86; 3.X</application> from the ports collection:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /usr/ports/x11/XFree86</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>make all install clean</userinput></screen>
<para>Alternatively, either version of <application>XFree86</application>
<para>Alternatively, either version of <application>&xfree86;</application>
can be installed directly from the FreeBSD binaries provided on the
<ulink url="http://www.XFree86.org/">XFree86 web site</ulink>. A binary
<ulink url="http://www.XFree86.org/">&xfree86; web site</ulink>. A binary
package to use with &man.pkg.add.1; tool is also available for
<application>XFree86 4.X</application>. When the remote fetching
<application>&xfree86; 4.X</application>. When the remote fetching
feature of &man.pkg.add.1; is used, the version number of the
package must be removed. &man.pkg.add.1; will automatically fetch
the latest version of the application. So to fetch and install the
package of <application>XFree86 4.X</application>, simply type:</para>
package of <application>&xfree86; 4.X</application>, simply type:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pkg_add -r XFree86</userinput></screen>
<para>You can also use the ports collection to install
<application>XFree86 4.X</application>, for that you simply need
<application>&xfree86; 4.X</application>, for that you simply need
to type the following commands:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /usr/ports/x11/XFree86-4</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>make install clean</userinput></screen>
<note><para>The examples above will install the complete
<application>XFree86</application> distribution including the
<application>&xfree86;</application> distribution including the
servers, clients, fonts etc. Separate packages and ports for
different parts of <application>XFree86 4.X</application> are also
different parts of <application>&xfree86; 4.X</application> are also
available.</para></note>
<para>The rest of this chapter will explain how to configure
<application>XFree86</application>, and how to setup a productive desktop
<application>&xfree86;</application>, and how to setup a productive desktop
environment.</para>
<!-- Easiest way is from sysinstall for XFree86 4.X -->
@ -343,7 +343,7 @@
</author>
</authorgroup>
</sect1info>
<title>XFree86 Configuration</title>
<title>&xfree86; Configuration</title>
<indexterm><primary>XFree86 4.X</primary></indexterm>
@ -352,7 +352,7 @@
<sect2>
<title>Before Starting</title>
<para>Before configuration of <application>XFree86 4.X</application>,
<para>Before configuration of <application>&xfree86; 4.X</application>,
the following information about the target system is needed:</para>
<itemizedlist>
@ -365,7 +365,7 @@
<indexterm><primary>vertical scan rate</primary></indexterm>
<para>The specifications for the monitor are used by
<application>XFree86</application> to determine the resolution and
<application>&xfree86;</application> to determine the resolution and
refresh rate to run at. These specifications can usually be
obtained from the documentation that came with the monitor or from
the manufacturer's website. There are two ranges of numbers that
@ -373,7 +373,7 @@
rate.</para>
<para>The video adapter's chipset defines what driver module
<application>XFree86</application> uses to talk to the graphics
<application>&xfree86;</application> uses to talk to the graphics
hardware. With most chipsets, this can be automatically
determined, but it is still useful to know in case the automatic
detection does not work correctly.</para>
@ -386,29 +386,29 @@
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Configuring XFree86 4.X</title>
<title>Configuring &xfree86; 4.X</title>
<para>Configuration of <application>XFree86 4.X</application> is
<para>Configuration of <application>&xfree86; 4.X</application> is
a multi-step process. The first step is to build an initial
configuration file with the <option>-configure</option> option to
<application>XFree86</application>. As the super user, simply
<application>&xfree86;</application>. As the super user, simply
run:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>XFree86 -configure</userinput></screen>
<para>This will generate a skeleton
<application>XFree86</application> configuration file in the
<application>&xfree86;</application> configuration file in the
<filename>/root</filename> directory called
<filename>XF86Config.new</filename> (in fact the directory used
is the one covered by the environment variable <envar>$HOME</envar>,
and it will depend from the way you got the superuser rights). The
<application>XFree86</application> program will attempt to probe
<application>&xfree86;</application> program will attempt to probe
the graphics hardware on the system and will write a
configuration file to load the proper drivers for the detected
hardware on the target system.</para>
<para>The next step is to test the existing
configuration to verify that <application>XFree86</application>
configuration to verify that <application>&xfree86;</application>
can work with the graphics
hardware on the target system. To perform this task, the user
needs to run:</para>
@ -508,14 +508,14 @@ EndSection</programlisting>
<para>Once the configuration file has been placed in a common
location, configuration is complete. In order to start
<application>XFree86 4.X</application> with &man.startx.1;,
<application>&xfree86; 4.X</application> with &man.startx.1;,
install the <filename role="package">x11/wrapper</filename> port.
<application>XFree86 4.X</application> can also be started with
<application>&xfree86; 4.X</application> can also be started with
&man.xdm.1;.</para>
<note><para>There is also a graphical tool for configuration,
&man.xf86cfg.1;, that comes with the
<application>XFree86 4.X</application> distribution. It
<application>&xfree86; 4.X</application> distribution. It
allows to interactively define your configuration by choosing
the appropiate drivers and settings. This program can be used under console as well, just use the command <command>xf86cfg -textmode</command>. For more details,
refer to the &man.xf86cfg.1; manual page.</para></note>
@ -532,7 +532,7 @@ EndSection</programlisting>
<para>Configuration with &intel; i810 integrated chipsets
requires the <devicename>agpgart</devicename>
AGP programming interface for <application>XFree86</application>
AGP programming interface for <application>&xfree86;</application>
to drive the card. The &man.agp.4; driver is in the
<filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel since releases
4.8-RELEASE and 5.0-RELEASE. On prior releases, you will
@ -571,11 +571,11 @@ EndSection</programlisting>
in the kernel at boot time through being compiled in or
using <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>.</para>
<para>If you are using <application>XFree86 4.1.0</application> (or
<para>If you are using <application>&xfree86; 4.1.0</application> (or
later) and messages about unresolved symbols like
<literal>fbPictureInit</literal> appear, try adding the
following line after <literal>Driver "i810"</literal> in the
<application>XFree86</application> configuration file:</para>
<application>&xfree86;</application> configuration file:</para>
<programlisting>Option "NoDDC"</programlisting>
</sect3>
</sect2>
@ -591,27 +591,27 @@ EndSection</programlisting>
</author>
</authorgroup>
</sect1info>
<title>Using Fonts in XFree86</title>
<title>Using Fonts in &xfree86;</title>
<sect2 id="type1">
<title>Type1 Fonts</title>
<para>The default fonts that ship with
<application>XFree86</application> are less than ideal for typical
<application>&xfree86;</application> are less than ideal for typical
desktop publishing applications. Large presentation fonts show up
jagged and unprofessional looking, and small fonts in
<application>&netscape;</application> are almost completely unintelligible.
However, there are several free, high quality Type1 (&postscript;) fonts
available which can be readily used
with <application>XFree86</application>, either version 3.X or
with <application>&xfree86;</application>, either version 3.X or
version 4.X. For instance, the URW font collection
(<filename role="package">x11-fonts/urwfonts</filename>) includes
high quality versions of standard type1 fonts (Times Roman,
Helvetica, Palatino and others). The Freefonts collection
high quality versions of standard type1 fonts (<trademark class="registered">Times Roman</trademark>,
<trademark class="registered">Helvetica</trademark>, <trademark class="registered">Palatino</trademark> and others). The Freefonts collection
(<filename role="package">x11-fonts/freefonts</filename>) includes
many more fonts, but most of them are intended for use in
graphics software such as the <application>Gimp</application>, and are not
complete enough to serve as screen fonts. In addition,
<application>XFree86</application> can be configured to use
<application>&xfree86;</application> can be configured to use
&truetype; fonts with a minimum of effort: see the
<link linkend="truetype">section on &truetype; fonts</link> later.</para>
@ -624,7 +624,7 @@ EndSection</programlisting>
<para>And likewise with the freefont or other collections. To tell the X
server that these fonts exist, add an appropriate line to the
<filename>XF86Config</filename> file (in <filename>/etc/</filename> for
<application>XFree86</application> version 3, or in
<application>&xfree86;</application> version 3, or in
<filename>/etc/X11/</filename> for version 4), which reads:</para>
<programlisting>FontPath "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/URW/"</programlisting>
@ -654,7 +654,7 @@ EndSection</programlisting>
<secondary>TrueType</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para><application>XFree86 4.X</application> has built in support
<para><application>&xfree86; 4.X</application> has built in support
for rendering &truetype; fonts. There are two different modules
that can enable this functionality. The freetype module is used
in this example because it is more consistent with the other font
@ -664,7 +664,7 @@ EndSection</programlisting>
<programlisting>Load "freetype"</programlisting>
<para>For <application>XFree86 3.3.X</application>, a separate
<para>For <application>&xfree86; 3.3.X</application>, a separate
&truetype; font server is needed.
<application>Xfstt</application> is commonly used for
this purpose. To install <application>Xfstt</application>,
@ -676,7 +676,7 @@ EndSection</programlisting>
and copy all of the &truetype; fonts into this directory. Keep in
mind that &truetype; fonts cannot be directly taken from a
&macintosh;; they must be in &unix;/DOS/&windows; format for use by
<application>XFree86</application>. Once the files have been
<application>&xfree86;</application>. Once the files have been
copied into this directory, use
<application>ttmkfdir</application> to create a
<filename>fonts.dir</filename> file, so that the X font renderer
@ -714,7 +714,7 @@ EndSection</programlisting>
<author>
<firstname>Joe Marcus</firstname>
<surname>Clarke</surname>
<contrib>Updated for XFree86 4.3 by </contrib>
<contrib>Updated for &xfree86; 4.3 by </contrib>
<!-- May 2003 -->
</author>
</authorgroup>
@ -726,9 +726,9 @@ EndSection</programlisting>
<secondary>anti-aliased</secondary></indexterm>
<para>Anti-aliasing has been available in
<application>XFree86</application> since 4.0.2. However, font
<application>&xfree86;</application> since 4.0.2. However, font
configuration was cumbersome before the introduction of
<application>XFree86</application> 4.3.0. Starting in version 4.3.0,
<application>&xfree86;</application> 4.3.0. Starting in version 4.3.0,
all fonts in <filename>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/</filename> and
<filename>~/.fonts/</filename> are automatically
made available for anti-aliasing to Xft-aware applications. Not
@ -853,7 +853,7 @@ EndSection</programlisting>
your changes to be ignored.</para>
<para>The default font set that comes with
<application>XFree86</application> is not very
<application>&xfree86;</application> is not very
desirable when it comes to anti-aliasing. A much better
set of default fonts can be found in the
<filename role="package">x11-fonts/bitstream-vera</filename>
@ -864,7 +864,7 @@ EndSection</programlisting>
</filename> file. Merge the contents of this file into
<filename>/usr/X11R6/etc/fonts/local.conf</filename>, and the
Bitstream fonts will automatically replace the default
<application>XFree86</application> Serif, Sans Serif, and Monospaced
<application>&xfree86;</application> Serif, Sans Serif, and Monospaced
fonts.</para>
<para>Finally, users can add their own settings via their personal
@ -1084,7 +1084,7 @@ EndSection</programlisting>
chooser and the login screens. This is where the appearance
of the login program can be modified. The format is identical
to the app-defaults file described in the
<application>XFree86</application> documentation.</para>
<application>&xfree86;</application> documentation.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3>
@ -1275,7 +1275,7 @@ DisplayManager.requestPort: 0</screen>
<indexterm><primary>GNOME</primary>
<secondary>anti-aliased fonts</secondary></indexterm>
<para>Starting with version 4.0.2, <application>XFree86</application>
<para>Starting with version 4.0.2, <application>&xfree86;</application>
supports anti-aliasing via its <quote>RENDER</quote> extension.
Gtk+ 2.0 and greater (the toolkit used by
<application>GNOME</application>) can make use of this
@ -1540,7 +1540,7 @@ esac</screen>
<indexterm><primary>KDE</primary>
<secondary>anti-aliased fonts</secondary></indexterm>
<para>Starting with version 4.0.2,
<application>XFree86</application> supports anti-aliasing via
<application>&xfree86;</application> supports anti-aliasing via
its <quote>RENDER</quote> extension, and starting with version 2.3,
Qt (the toolkit used by <application>KDE</application>) supports
this extension. Configuring this is described in <xref

37
share/sgml/trademarks.ent
View file

@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
PostScript are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Adobe
Systems Incorporated in the United States and/or other
countries.</para>">
<!ENTITY adobe "<trademark class='registered'>Adobe</trademark>">
<!ENTITY acrobat "<trademark class='registered'>Acrobat</trademark>">
<!ENTITY acrobat.reader "<trademark class='registered'>Acrobat&nbsp;Reader</trademark>">
<!ENTITY postscript "<trademark class='registered'>PostScript</trademark>">
@ -57,6 +58,10 @@
<!ENTITY truetype "<trademark class='registered'>TrueType</trademark>">
<!ENTITY quicktime "<trademark class='registered'>Quicktime</trademark>">
<!ENTITY tm-attrib.arm "<para>ARM is a registered trademarks of ARM
Limited.</para>">
<!ENTITY arm "<trademark class='registered'>ARM</trademark>">
<!-- http://www.bluetooth.com/sig/trademark.use.asp -->
<!ENTITY tm-attrib.bluetooth "<para>The Bluetooth word mark is owned
by the Bluetooth SIG, Inc.</para>">
@ -82,10 +87,18 @@
<!ENTITY tm-attrib.dell "<para>Dell, Dell Precision, Latitude,
Optiplex, PowerEdge are trademarks or registered trademarks of Dell
Computer Corporation</para>">
<!ENTITY dell "<trademark>Dell</trademark>">
<!ENTITY poweredge "<trademark>PowerEdge</trademark>">
<!ENTITY tm-attrib.freebsd "<para>FreeBSD is a registered trademark of
Wind River Systems, Inc. This is expected to change soon.</para>">
<!-- http://www.heidelberg.com/hq/eng//small_print/trademarks.asp -->
<!ENTITY tm-attrib.heidelberger "<para>Heidelberg, Helvetica,
Palatino, and Times Roman are either registered trademarks or
trademarks of Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG in the U.S. and other
countries.</para>">
<!ENTITY tm-attrib.ibm "<para>IBM, AIX, OS/2, PowerPC, PS/2, and S/390 are
trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation in the
United States, other countries, or both.</para>">
@ -131,6 +144,7 @@
<!ENTITY tm-attrib.lsilogic "<para>LSI Logic, AcceleRAID, eXtremeRAID,
MegaRAID and Mylex are trademarks or registered trademarks of LSI
Logic Corp.</para>">
<!ENTITY acceleraid "<trademark>AcceleRAID</trademark>">
<!ENTITY megaraid "<trademark class='registered'>MegaRAID</trademark>">
<!ENTITY mylex "<trademark class='registered'>Mylex</trademark>">
@ -175,10 +189,6 @@
NLM are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Novell,
Inc. in the United States and other countries.</para>">
<!-- http://www.xiph.org/ -->
<!ENTITY tm-attrib.xiph "<para>Ogg Vorbis and Xiph.Org are trademarks
(tm) of Xiph.Org.</para>">
<!ENTITY tm-attrib.opengroup "<para>Motif, OSF/1, and UNIX are
registered trademarks and IT DialTone and The Open Group are
trademarks of The Open Group in the United States and other
@ -212,8 +222,9 @@
<!ENTITY tm-attrib.sap "<para>SAP, R/3, and mySAP are trademarks or
registered trademarks of SAP AG in Germany and in several other
countries all over the world.</para>">
<!ENTITY sap.r3 "<trademark class='registered'>SAP</trademark>
<trademark class='registered'>R/3</trademark>">
<!ENTITY r3 "<trademark class='registered'>R/3</trademark>">
<!ENTITY sap "<trademark class='registered'>SAP</trademark>">
<!ENTITY sap.r3 "&sap&nbsp;&r3;">
<!ENTITY tm-attrib.sgi "<para>Silicon Graphics, SGI, and OpenGL are
registered trademarks of Silicon Graphics, Inc., in the United
@ -274,6 +285,10 @@
<!ENTITY sportster "<trademark class='registered'>Sportster</trademark>">
<!ENTITY usrobotics "<trademark class='registered'>U.S. Robotics</trademark>">
<!-- http://www.vmware.com/legal.html -->
<!ENTITY tm-attrib.vmware "<para>VMware is a trademark of VMware,
Inc</para>">
<!-- http://www.qualcomm.com/main/legal.html -->
<!ENTITY tm-attrib.qualcomm "<para>QUALCOMM and Eudora are registered
trademarks of QUALCOMM Incorporated.</para>">
@ -282,10 +297,20 @@
<!-- http://www.maplesoft.com/trademarks.shtml -->
<!ENTITY tm-attrib.waterloomaple "<para>Waterloo Maple and Maple are
trademarks or registered trademarks of Waterloo Maple Inc.</para>">
<!ENTITY maple "<trademark>Maple</trademark>">
<!-- http://www.wolfram.com/company/terms.html -->
<!ENTITY tm-attrib.wolframresearch "<para>Mathematica is a registered
trademark of Wolfram Research, Inc.</para>">
<!ENTITY mathematica "<trademark class='registered'>Mathematica</trademark>">
<!ENTITY tm-attrib.xfree86 "<para>XFree86 is a trademark of The
XFree86 Project, Inc.</para>">
<!ENTITY xfree86 "<trademark>XFree86</trademark>">
<!-- http://www.xiph.org/ -->
<!ENTITY tm-attrib.xiph "<para>Ogg Vorbis and Xiph.Org are trademarks
of Xiph.Org.</para>">
<!ENTITY tm-attrib.general "<para>Many of the designations used by
manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed