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Editorial review of GNOME section.

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Fix some xrefs while here.
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Dru Lavigne 2014-05-02 15:30:23 +00:00
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Notes: svn2git 2020-12-08 03:00:23 +00:00 
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en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x11/chapter.xml
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@ -521,9 +521,8 @@ dbus_enable="YES"</programlisting>
not complete enough to serve as screen fonts. In addition,
<application>&xorg;</application> can be configured to use
&truetype; fonts with a minimum of effort. For more details
on this, see the &man.X.7; manual page or the <link
linkend="truetype">section on &truetype;
fonts</link>.</para>
on this, see the &man.X.7; manual page or <xref
linkend="truetype"/>.</para>
<para>To install the above Type1 font collections from the
Ports Collection, run the following commands:</para>
@ -551,9 +550,8 @@ dbus_enable="YES"</programlisting>
<filename>~/.xsession</filename> when logging in through a
graphical login manager like <application>XDM</application>).
A third way is to use the new
<filename>/usr/local/etc/fonts/local.conf</filename> file: see
the section on
<link linkend="antialias">anti-aliasing</link>.</para>
<filename>/usr/local/etc/fonts/local.conf</filename> file as demonstrated in
<xref linkend="antialias"/>.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 xml:id="truetype">
@ -597,8 +595,8 @@ dbus_enable="YES"</programlisting>
&prompt.root; <userinput>ttmkfdir -o fonts.dir</userinput></screen>
<para>Now add the &truetype; directory to the font path. This
is just the same as described above for <link
linkend="type1">Type1</link> fonts, that is, use</para>
is just the same as described in <xref
linkend="type1"/>:</para>
<screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>xset fp+ /usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TrueType</userinput>
&prompt.user; <userinput>xset fp rehash</userinput></screen>
@ -1070,151 +1068,110 @@ DisplayManager.requestPort: 0</screen>
</sect1>
<sect1 xml:id="x11-wm">
<!--
<sect1info>
<authorgroup>
<author>
<firstname>Valentino</firstname>
<surname>Vaschetto</surname>
<contrib>Contributed in June 2001 by </contrib>
</author>
</authorgroup>
</sect1info>
-->
<info>
<title>Desktop Environments</title>
<para>This section describes the different desktop environments
available for X on FreeBSD. A
<quote>desktop environment</quote> can mean anything ranging
<authorgroup>
<author>
<personname>
<firstname>Valentino</firstname>
<surname>Vaschetto</surname>
</personname>
<!--
<contrib>Contributed in June 2001 by </contrib> -->
</author>
</authorgroup>
</info>
<para>This section describes how to install three popular
desktop environments on a &os; system. A
desktop environment can range
from a simple window manager to a complete suite of desktop
applications, such as <application>KDE</application> or
<application>GNOME</application>.</para>
applications. Over a hundred desktop environments are
available in the <filename>x11-wm</filename> category of the
Ports Collection.</para>
<sect2 xml:id="x11-wm-gnome">
<title>GNOME</title>
<sect3 xml:id="x11-wm-gnome-about">
<title>About GNOME</title>
<indexterm><primary>GNOME</primary></indexterm>
<para><application>GNOME</application> is a user-friendly
desktop environment that enables users to easily use and
configure their computers. <application>GNOME</application>
includes a panel (for starting applications and displaying
status), a desktop (where data and applications can be
placed), a set of standard desktop tools and applications,
anda set of conventions that make it easy for applications
to cooperate and be consistent with each other. Users of
other operating systems or environments should feel right at
home using the powerful graphics-driven environment that
<application>GNOME</application> provides. More information
regarding <application>GNOME</application> on FreeBSD can be
found on the <link
xlink:href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/gnome">FreeBSD GNOME
Project</link>'s web site. The web site also contains
fairly comprehensive FAQs about installing, configuring, and
managing <application>GNOME</application>.</para>
</sect3>
desktop environment. It
includes a panel for starting applications and displaying
status, a desktop, a set of tools and applications,
and a set of conventions that make it easy for applications
to cooperate and be consistent with each other. More information
regarding <application>GNOME</application> on &os; can be
found at <link
xlink:href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/gnome">http://www.FreeBSD.org/gnome</link>.
That web site contains additional documentation
about installing, configuring, and
managing <application>GNOME</application> on &os;.</para>
<sect3 xml:id="x11-wm-gnome-install">
<title>Installing GNOME</title>
<para>The software can be easily installed from a package
or the Ports Collection:</para>
<para>To install the <application>GNOME</application> package,
type:</para>
<para>This desktop environment can be installed from a package:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pkg install gnome2</userinput></screen>
<para>To build <application>GNOME</application> from source,
use the ports tree:</para>
<para>To instead build <application>GNOME</application> from
ports:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /usr/ports/x11/gnome2</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>make install clean</userinput></screen>
<para>For proper operation, <application>GNOME</application>
requires the <filename>/proc</filename> filesystem to be
mounted. Add</para>
requires the <filename>/proc</filename> file system to be
mounted. Add this line to <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> to mount
this file system automatically during system
startup:</para>
<programlisting>proc /proc procfs rw 0 0</programlisting>
<para>to <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> to mount
&man.procfs.5; automatically during
startup.</para>
<para>Once <application>GNOME</application> is installed,
the X server must be told to start
<application>GNOME</application> instead of a default window
manager.</para>
<para>The easiest way to start
<application>GNOME</application> is with
<application>GDM</application>, the GNOME Display Manager.
<application>GDM</application> is installed as part
of the <application>GNOME</application> desktop, although
it is disabled by default. It can be enabled by adding this
configure <application>&xorg;</application> to start
<application>GNOME</application>. The easiest way to do this
is to enable the GNOME Display Manager,
<application>GDM</application>,
which is installed as part
of the <application>GNOME</application> package or port.
It can be enabled by adding this
line to <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>:</para>
<programlisting>gdm_enable="YES"</programlisting>
<para>Once you have rebooted, <application>GDM</application>
will start automatically.</para>
<para>It is often desirable to start all
<application>GNOME</application> services together with
<application>GDM</application>. To achieve this, add the
following line to <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>:</para>
<para>It is often desirable to also start all
<application>GNOME</application> services. To achieve this, add
a second line to <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>:</para>
<programlisting>gnome_enable="YES"</programlisting>
<para><application>GNOME</application> may also be started
from the command-line by properly configuring a file named
<filename>.xinitrc</filename>. If a custom
<filename>.xinitrc</filename> is already in place, simply
<para><application>GDM</application>
will now start automatically when the system boots.</para>
<para>A second method for starting
<application>GNOME</application> is to type <command>startx</command>
from the command-line after configuring
<filename>~/.xinitrc</filename>. If this file already exists,
replace the line that starts the current window manager with
one that starts
<application>/usr/local/bin/gnome-session</application>
instead. If nothing special has been done to the
configuration file, then it is enough simply to type:</para>
<filename>/usr/local/bin/gnome-session</filename>. If
this file does not exist, create it with this command:</para>
<screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>echo "/usr/local/bin/gnome-session" &gt; ~/.xinitrc</userinput></screen>
<para>Next, type <command>startx</command>, and the
<application>GNOME</application> desktop environment will
be started.</para>
<note>
<para>If an older display manager, like
<application>XDM</application>, is being used, this will
not work. Instead, create an executable
<filename>.xsession</filename> file with the same command
in it. To do this, edit the file and replace the existing
window manager command with
<application>/usr/local/bin/gnome-session</application>:</para>
</note>
<para>A third method is to use
<application>XDM</application> as the display manager. In this case,
create an executable
<filename>~/.xsession</filename>:</para>
<screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>echo "#!/bin/sh" &gt; ~/.xsession</userinput>
&prompt.user; <userinput>echo "/usr/local/bin/gnome-session" &gt;&gt; ~/.xsession</userinput>
&prompt.user; <userinput>chmod +x ~/.xsession</userinput></screen>
<para>Yet another option is to configure the display manager
to allow choosing the window manager at login time; the
section on
<link linkend="x11-wm-kde-details">KDE details</link>
explains how to do this for <application>KDM</application>,
the display manager of
<application>KDE</application>.</para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 xml:id="x11-wm-kde">
<title>KDE</title>
<indexterm><primary>KDE</primary></indexterm>
<sect3 xml:id="x11-wm-kde-about">
<title>About KDE</title>
<para><application>KDE</application> is an easy to use
contemporary desktop environment. Some of the things that
@ -1274,10 +1231,6 @@ DisplayManager.requestPort: 0</screen>
<application>KDE</application>, consult the
<link xlink:href="http://freebsd.kde.org/">KDE/FreeBSD
initiative</link>'s website.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 xml:id="x11-wm-kde-install">
<title>Installing KDE</title>
<para>Just as with <application>GNOME</application> or any
other desktop environment, the software can be easily
@ -1319,11 +1272,6 @@ DisplayManager.requestPort: 0</screen>
<filename>.xsession</filename> file instead. Instructions
for <application>KDM</application> are described later in
this chapter.</para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 xml:id="x11-wm-kde-details">
<title>More Details on KDE</title>
<para>Now that <application>KDE</application> is installed on
the system, most things can be discovered through the help
@ -1368,9 +1316,6 @@ DisplayManager.requestPort: 0</screen>
<sect2 xml:id="x11-wm-xfce">
<title>Xfce</title>
<sect3 xml:id="x11-wm-xfce-about">
<title>About Xfce</title>
<para><application>Xfce</application> is a desktop environment
based on the GTK+ toolkit used by
<application>GNOME</application>, but is much more
@ -1416,10 +1361,6 @@ DisplayManager.requestPort: 0</screen>
<para>More information on <application>Xfce</application>
can be found on the <link
xlink:href="http://www.xfce.org/">Xfce website</link>.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 xml:id="x11-wm-xfce-install">
<title>Installing Xfce</title>
<para>To install <application>Xfce</application>, type:</para>
@ -1441,13 +1382,12 @@ DisplayManager.requestPort: 0</screen>
<application>Xfce</application> will be the desktop. As
before, if a display manager like
<application>XDM</application> is being used, create an
<filename>.xsession</filename>, as described in the section
on <link linkend="x11-wm-gnome">GNOME</link>, but with the
<filename>.xsession</filename>, as described in
<xref linkend="x11-wm-gnome"/>, but with the
<filename>/usr/local/bin/startxfce4</filename> command; or,
configure the display manager to allow choosing a desktop at
login time, as explained in the section on
<link linkend="x11-wm-kde-kdm">kdm</link>.</para>
</sect3>
login time, as explained in
<xref linkend="x11-wm-kde-kdm"/>.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>