diff --git a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/install/chapter.sgml b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/install/chapter.sgml index f012aa0829..768eecd572 100644 --- a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/install/chapter.sgml +++ b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/install/chapter.sgml @@ -75,7 +75,11 @@ In general, these installation instructions are written for &i386; (PC compatible) architecture computers. Where applicable, instructions specific to other - platforms (for example, Alpha) will be listed. + platforms (for example, Alpha) will be listed. Although this + guide is kept as up to date as possible, you may find minor + differences between the installer and what is shown here. It is + suggested that you use this chapter as a general guide rather + than a literal installation manual. @@ -99,7 +103,7 @@ If you already have another operating system installed, such as &windows; or Linux, it is a good idea to use the facilities provided by those operating systems to see how your hardware is already - configured. If you are really not sure what settings an expansion + configured. If you are not sure what settings an expansion card is using, you may find it printed on the card itself. Popular IRQ numbers are 3, 5, and 7, and IO port addresses are normally written as hexadecimal numbers, such as 0x330. @@ -200,9 +204,9 @@ Backup Your Data If the computer you will be installing FreeBSD on contains - valuable data then ensure you have it backed up, and that you have + valuable data, then ensure you have it backed up, and that you have tested the backups before installing FreeBSD. The FreeBSD - installation routine will prompt you several times before writing any + installation routine will prompt you before writing any data to your disk, but once that process has started it cannot be undone. @@ -210,9 +214,9 @@ Decide Where to Install FreeBSD - If you want FreeBSD to use all your disk, then there is nothing - more to concern yourself with at this point — you can skip to the - next section. + If you want FreeBSD to use your entire hard disk, then there is nothing + more to concern yourself with at this point — you can skip this + section. However, if you need FreeBSD to co-exist with other operating systems then you need to have a rough understanding of how data is @@ -233,7 +237,7 @@ Each partition has a partition ID, which is a number used to identify the type of data on the partition. FreeBSD - partitions have the partition ID 165. + partitions have the partition ID of 165. In general, each operating system that you use will identify partitions in a particular way. For example, DOS, and its @@ -270,7 +274,15 @@ FreeBSD. The tools directory on the CDROM contains two free software tools which can carry out this task, namely FIPS and - PResizer. Documentation for both of these + PResizer. + FIPS, + PResizer, and + &partitionmagic; can resize + FAT16 and FAT32 + partitions — used in &ms-dos; through &windows; ME. + &partitionmagic; is the only known + application that can resize NTFS + Documentation for both of these is available in the same directory. @@ -390,24 +402,28 @@ pqb0.0.1.4.0 PQB0 PCI EIDE Connecting to an Ethernet Network or Cable/DSL Modem If you connect to an Ethernet network, or you have an Internet - connection via cable or DSL, then you will need the following + connection using an Ethernet adapter via cable or DSL, then you will need the following information: - IP address. + IP address - IP address of the default gateway. + IP address of the default gateway - Hostname. + Hostname - DNS server IP addresses. + DNS server IP addresses + + + + Subnet Mask @@ -428,15 +444,15 @@ pqb0.0.1.4.0 PQB0 PCI EIDE - The phone number to dial for your ISP. + The phone number to dial for your ISP - The COM: port your modem is connected to. + The COM: port your modem is connected to - The username and password for your ISP account. + The username and password for your ISP account @@ -447,8 +463,8 @@ pqb0.0.1.4.0 PQB0 PCI EIDE Although the FreeBSD project strives to ensure that each release of FreeBSD is as stable as possible, bugs do occasionally creep into the process. On very rare occasions those bugs affect the - installation process. As these problems are discovered and fixed they - are noted in the FreeBSD Errata, posted on the FreeBSD web site. You + installation process. As these problems are discovered and fixed, they + are noted in the FreeBSD Errata, which is found on the FreeBSD web site. You should check the errata before installing to make sure that there are no late-breaking problems which you should be aware of. @@ -479,7 +495,7 @@ pqb0.0.1.4.0 PQB0 PCI EIDE - A tape + A SCSI or QIC tape @@ -523,14 +539,15 @@ pqb0.0.1.4.0 PQB0 PCI EIDE computer into the FreeBSD installer—it is not a program you run within another operating system. Your computer normally boots using the operating system installed on your hard disk, but it can also be - configured to use a bootable floppy disk. It may also - be able to boot from a disk in the CDROM drive. + configured to use a bootable floppy disk. + Most modern computers can also + boot from a CDROM in the CDROM drive. - If you have FreeBSD on CDROM or DVD (either one you purchased, + If you have FreeBSD on CDROM or DVD (either one you purchased or you prepared yourself), and your computer allows you to boot from the CDROM or DVD (typically a BIOS option called Boot - Order or similar) then you can skip this section. The + Order or similar), then you can skip this section. The FreeBSD CDROM and DVD images are bootable and can be used to install FreeBSD without any other special preparation. @@ -574,13 +591,17 @@ pqb0.0.1.4.0 PQB0 PCI EIDE You must prepare one floppy disk per image file you had to download. It is imperative that these disks are free from defects. The easiest way to test this is to format the disks - for yourself. Do not trust pre-formatted floppies. - + for yourself. Do not trust pre-formatted floppies. The format + utility in &windows; will not tell about the presence of + bad blocks , it simply marks them as bad + and ignores them. It is advised that you use brand new + floppies if choosing this installation route. + If you try to install FreeBSD and the installation program crashes, freezes, or otherwise misbehaves, one of the first things to suspect is the floppies. Try writing - the floppy image files to some other disks and try + the floppy image files to new disks and try again. @@ -590,15 +611,15 @@ pqb0.0.1.4.0 PQB0 PCI EIDE The .flp files are not regular files you copy to the disk. - Instead, they are images of the complete contents of the - disk. This means that you cannot use - commands like DOS' copy to write the - files. Instead, you must use specific tools to write the + They are images of the complete contents of the + disk. This means that you cannot simply + copy files frm one disk to another. + Instead, you must use specific tools to write the images directly to the disk. DOS If you are creating the floppies on a computer running - DOS/&windows;, then we provide a tool to do + &ms-dos;/&windows;, then we provide a tool to do this called fdimage. If you are using the floppies from the CDROM, and your @@ -614,7 +635,7 @@ pqb0.0.1.4.0 PQB0 PCI EIDE placed the .flp files. If you do not have the CDROM, then fdimage can be downloaded from the tools + url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/tools/">tools directory on the FreeBSD FTP site. If you are writing the floppies on a &unix; system (such as @@ -686,7 +707,8 @@ We can take no responsibility for lost disk contents! Find the setting that controls which devices the system boots - from. This is commonly shown as a list of devices, such as + from. This is usually labeled as the Boot Order + and commonly shown as a list of devices, such as Floppy, CDROM, First Hard Disk, and so on. @@ -702,7 +724,7 @@ We can take no responsibility for lost disk contents! If you needed to prepare boot floppies, as described in - then one of them will be the + , then one of them will be the first boot disc, probably the one containing kern.flp. Put this disc in your floppy drive. @@ -711,8 +733,8 @@ We can take no responsibility for lost disk contents! the computer, and insert the CDROM at the first opportunity. - If your computer starts up as normal, and loads your existing - operating system then either: + If your computer starts up as normal and loads your existing + operating system, then either: @@ -725,6 +747,11 @@ We can take no responsibility for lost disk contents! The BIOS changes earlier did not work correctly. You should redo that step until you get the right option. + + + Your particular BIOS does not support booting from + the desired media. + @@ -777,7 +804,7 @@ Please insert MFS root floppy and press enter: - Irrespective of whether you booted from floppy or CDROM, the + Whether you booted from floppy or CDROM, the boot process will then get to this point: Hit [Enter] to boot immediately, or any other key for command prompt. @@ -836,7 +863,7 @@ Booting [kernel] in 9 seconds... _ - Irrespective of whether you booted from floppy or CDROM, the + Whether you booted from floppy or CDROM, the boot process will then get to this point: Hit [Enter] to boot immediately, or any other key for command prompt. @@ -891,7 +918,7 @@ Booting [kernel] in 9 seconds... _ to have two devices that shared the same IRQ or port address. Newer devices follow the PCI specification, which does not require - this, as the devices are supposed to cooperate with the BIOS, and be + this, as the devices are supposed to cooperate with the BIOS, and are told which IRQ and IO port addresses to use. If you have any ISA devices in your computer then FreeBSD's @@ -952,7 +979,7 @@ Booting [kernel] in 9 seconds... _ The kernel configuration screen () - is then divided into four sections. + is then divided into four sections: @@ -999,7 +1026,7 @@ Booting [kernel] in 9 seconds... _ - At this point there will always be conflicts listed. Do not worry + Do not worry if any conflicts are listed about this, it is to be expected; all the drivers are enabled, and as has already been explained, some of them will conflict with one another. @@ -1042,17 +1069,17 @@ Booting [kernel] in 9 seconds... _ press Enter to move it back to the active list. - + Do not disable sc0. This controls the screen, and you will need this unless you are installing over a serial cable. - + - + Only disable atkbd0 if you are using a USB keyboard. If you have a normal keyboard then you must keep atkbd0. - + @@ -1223,8 +1250,8 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c them correctly. If you need to make changes to the UserConfig device probing, - its easy to exit the sysinstall program - and start over again. Its also a good way to become more familiar + it's easy to exit the sysinstall program + and start over again. It's also a good way to become more familiar with the process.
@@ -1267,7 +1294,7 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c The sysinstall menu system is controlled by the arrow keys, Enter, Space, and - other keys. A detailed description of these keys, and what they do, is + other keys. A detailed description of these keys and what they do is contained in sysinstall's usage information. @@ -1336,7 +1363,8 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c To change the keyboard mapping, use the arrow keys to select Keymap from the menu and press - Enter. + Enter. This is only required if you are + using a non-standard or non-US keyboard.
Sysinstall Main Menu @@ -1355,7 +1383,7 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c Enter. Only a partial list is shown in this screen representation. - Selecting &gui.cancel; will use the default + Selecting &gui.cancel; by pressing Tab will use the default keymap and return to the Main Install Menu.
@@ -2061,7 +2089,8 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c No changes you make at this point will be written to the disk. If you think you have made a mistake and want to start again you can use the menus to exit sysinstall and try - again. If you get confused and can not see how to exit you can + again or press U to use the Undo option. + If you get confused and can not see how to exit you can always turn your computer off. @@ -2146,9 +2175,9 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c disk, where they start and end, how large they are, the name FreeBSD gives them, and their description and sub-type. This example shows two small unused slices, which are artifacts of disk layout schemes on the - PC. It also shows one large FAT slice, which almost certainly appears - as C: in DOS / &windows;, and an extended - slice, which may contain other drive letters for DOS / &windows;. + PC. It also shows one large FAT slice, which almost certainly appears + as C: in &ms-dos; / &windows;, and an extended + slice, which may contain other drive letters for &ms-dos; / &windows;. The third section shows the commands that are available in FDisk. @@ -2173,8 +2202,8 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c corresponds to the Use Entire Disk option. The existing slices will be removed, and replaced with a small area flagged as unused (again, an artifact of PC disk - layout), and then one large slice for FreeBSD. If you do this then - you should then select the newly created FreeBSD slice using the arrow + layout), and then one large slice for FreeBSD. If you do this, then + you should select the newly created FreeBSD slice using the arrow keys, and press S to mark the slice as being bootable. The screen will then look very similar to . Note the @@ -2186,7 +2215,10 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c FreeBSD then you should select the slice using the arrow keys, and then press D. You can then press C, and be prompted for size of slice you want to create. Enter the - appropriate figure and press Enter. + appropriate figure and press Enter. The default + value in this box represents the largest possible slice you can + make, which could be the largest contiguous block of unallocated + space or the size of the entire hard disk. If you have already made space for FreeBSD (perhaps by using a tool such as &partitionmagic;) then you can @@ -2227,6 +2259,12 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c + If FreeBSD is going to be the only operating system on + this machine, installed on the first hard disk, then the + Standard boot manager will suffice. + Choose None if you are using a + third-party boot manager capable of booting FreeBSD. + Make your choice and press Enter.
@@ -2253,6 +2291,12 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c disk here and repeat the slice process using FDisk. + + If you are installing FreeBSD on a drive other than your + first, then the FreeBSD boot manager needs to be installed on + both drives. + +
Exit Select Drive @@ -2366,11 +2410,12 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c 50 MB - The /var directory contains variable - length files; log files, and other administrative files. Many + The /var directory contains + files that are constantly varying; + log files, and other administrative files. Many of these files are read-from or written-to extensively during FreeBSD's day-to-day running. Putting these files on another - filesystem allows FreeBSD to optimise the access of these + filesystem allows FreeBSD to optimize the access of these files without affecting other files in other directories that do not have the same access pattern. @@ -2383,7 +2428,7 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c Rest of disk All your other files will typically be stored in - /usr, and its subdirectories. + /usr and its subdirectories. @@ -2507,7 +2552,7 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c partitions for you and assign them default sizes. Try this now, by Pressing A. You will see a display similar to that shown in . Depending on the size of - the disk you are using the defaults may or may not be appropriate. + the disk you are using, the defaults may or may not be appropriate. This does not matter, as you do not have to accept the defaults. @@ -2529,25 +2574,26 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c
- To delete the suggested partitions, and replace them with your + If you choose to not use the default partitions and wish to + replace them with your own, use the arrow keys to select the first partition, and press D to delete it. Repeat this to delete all the suggested partitions. To create the first partition (a, mounted as - /), make sure the disk information at the top of - the screen is selected, and press C. A dialog box + / — root), make sure the proper disk slice at the top of + the screen is selected and press C. A dialog box will appear prompting you for the size of the new partition (as shown in ). You can enter the size as - the number of disk blocks you want to use, or, more usefully, as a + the number of disk blocks you want to use, or as a number followed by either M for megabytes, G for gigabytes, or C for cylinders. - Beginning with FreeBSD 5.X, users can select + Beginning with FreeBSD 5.X, users can: select UFS2 using the Custom Newfs - (Z) option. Either create labels with - Auto Defaults and modify them with the Custom Newfs option, or + (Z) option, create labels with + Auto Defaults and modify them with the Custom Newfs option or add during the regular creation period. Do not forget to add for SoftUpdates if you use the Custom Newfs option! @@ -2564,7 +2610,7 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c The default size shown will create a partition that takes up the rest of the slice. If you are using the partition sizes described - earlier, then delete the existing figure using + in the earlier example, then delete the existing figure using Backspace, and then type in 64M, as shown in . Then press @@ -2580,11 +2626,11 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c
- Having chosen the partition's size you will then asked whether + Having chosen the partition's size you will then be asked whether this partition will contain a filesystem or swap space. The dialog box is shown in . This first partition will contain a filesystem, so check that - FS is selected and then press + FS is selected and press Enter.
@@ -2616,7 +2662,7 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c The display will then update to show you the newly created partition. You should repeat this procedure for the other - partitions. When you create the swap partition you will not be + partitions. When you create the swap partition, you will not be prompted for the filesystem mount point, as swap partitions are never mounted. When you create the final partition, /usr, you can leave the suggested size as is, to @@ -2668,7 +2714,8 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c &xfree86; 4.X is the default. You should check to see whether your video card is supported at the - &xfree86; web site. If it + &xfree86; web site. If + your video card is not supported under the default version that FreeBSD will install, you should select a distribution without X for installation. After installation, install and configure the appropriate version of @@ -2676,7 +2723,7 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c If compiling a custom kernel is anticipated, select an option which includes the source code. For more information on why a - custom kernel should be built or how to build a custom kernel see + custom kernel should be built or how to build a custom kernel, see . Obviously, the most versatile system is one that includes @@ -2685,7 +2732,9 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c by using the arrow keys and press Enter. If there is a concern about disk space consider using an option that is more suitable for the - situation. Other distributions can be added after installation. + situation. + Don't fret over the perfect choice, as other distributions can be + added after installation.
Choose Distributions @@ -2705,14 +2754,18 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c install the FreeBSD Ports Collection is presented. The ports collection is an easy and convenient way to install software. The ports collection does not contain the source code necessary - to compile the software. It is a collection of files which - automates the downloading, compiling and installation. + to compile the software. Instead, it is a collection of files which + automates the downloading, compiling and installation + of third-party software packages. discusses how to use the ports collection. The installation program does not check to see if you have adequate space. Select this option only if you have - adequate hard disk space. + adequate hard disk space. As of FreeBSD &rel.current;, the FreeBSD + Ports Collection takes up about &ports.size of disk space. + You can safely assume a larger value for more recent versions + of FreeBSD. User Confirmation Requested Would you like to install the FreeBSD ports collection? @@ -2750,7 +2803,7 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c If satisfied with the options, select Exit with the arrow keys, ensure that - &gui.ok; is highlighted, and press + &gui.ok; is highlighted, and pressing Enter to continue. @@ -2759,7 +2812,7 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c Choosing Your Installation Media - If Installing from a CDROM, use the arrow keys to highlight + If Installing from a CDROM or DVD, use the arrow keys to highlight Install from a FreeBSD CD/DVD. Ensure that &gui.ok; is highlighted, then press Enter to proceed with the installation. @@ -2795,7 +2848,7 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c - FTP Active, Install from an FTP + FTP Active: Install from an FTP server @@ -2809,7 +2862,7 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c - FTP Passive, Install from an FTP server through a + FTP Passive: Install from an FTP server through a firewall @@ -2818,16 +2871,16 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c passive mode - This option instructs FreeBSD to use + This option instructs sysinstall to use Passive mode for all FTP operations. This allows the user to pass through firewalls - that do not allow incoming connections on random port - addresses. + that do not allow incoming connections on random TCP ports. + - FTP via a HTTP proxy, Install from an FTP server + FTP via a HTTP proxy: Install from an FTP server through a http proxy @@ -2836,7 +2889,7 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c via a HTTP proxy - This option instructs FreeBSD to use the HTTP + This option instructs sysinstall to use the HTTP protocol (like a web browser) to connect to a proxy for all FTP operations. The proxy will translate the requests and send them to the FTP server. @@ -2893,7 +2946,7 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c Enter to proceed. The installation time will vary according to the distribution - chosen, installation media used, and the speed of the computer. + chosen, installation media, and the speed of the computer. There will be a series of messages displayed indicating the status. @@ -2984,12 +3037,13 @@ installation menus to retry whichever operations have failed. Yes [ No ] - In this private local area network the current Internet - type protocol (IPv4) was sufficient and [ No ] + In this private local area network, the current Internet + type protocol (IPv4) was sufficient and [ No ] was selected with the arrow keys and Enter pressed. - If you want to try the new Internet protocol (IPv6), choose + If you are connected to an existing IPv6 network + with an RA server, then choose [ Yes ] and press Enter. It will take several seconds to scan for RA servers. @@ -3029,7 +3083,7 @@ installation menus to retry whichever operations have failed. Host - The fully-qualified hostname, e.g. k6-2.example.com in + The fully-qualified hostname, such as k6-2.example.com in this case. @@ -3039,7 +3093,7 @@ installation menus to retry whichever operations have failed. The name of the domain that your machine is - in, e.g. example.com for this case. + in, such as example.com for this case. @@ -3048,10 +3102,11 @@ installation menus to retry whichever operations have failed. IP address of host forwarding packets to non-local - destinations. Fill this in only if the machine is a node + destinations. You must fill this in if the machine is a node on the network. Leave this field blank if the machine is the gateway to the Internet for the - network. + network. The IPv4 Gateway is also known as the default + gateway or default route. @@ -3110,8 +3165,9 @@ installation menus to retry whichever operations have failed. Choosing [ Yes ] and pressing Enter will bring - the machine up on the network and be ready for use after leaving - the installation. + the machine up on the network and be ready for use. However, + this does not accomplish much during installation, since + the machine still needs to be rebooted.. @@ -3293,14 +3349,16 @@ Upload subdirectory: Press Esc and a pop-up menu will default to a) leave editor. Press - Enter to exit and continue. + Enter to exit and continue. Press + Enter again to save changes if you made + any./para> - Configure Network File Services + Configure Network File System - Network File Services (NFS) allows sharing of files across a + Network File System (NFS) allows sharing of files across a network. A machine can be configured as a server, a client, or both. Refer to for a more information. @@ -3312,8 +3370,8 @@ Upload subdirectory: Yes [ No ] - If there is no need for a Network File System server or - client, select [ No ] and press + If there is no need for a Network File System server, + select [ No ] and press Enter. If [ Yes ] is chosen, a message will @@ -3353,6 +3411,8 @@ Press [Enter] now to invoke an editor on /etc/exports NFS Client + The NFS client allows your machine to access NFS servers. + User Confirmation Requested Do you want to configure this machine as an NFS client? @@ -3660,7 +3720,7 @@ To change any of these settings later, edit /etc/rc.conf
The appropriate region is selected using the arrow keys - and then press Enter. + and then pressing Enter.
Select Your Country @@ -3708,7 +3768,7 @@ To change any of these settings later, edit /etc/rc.conf Selecting [ Yes ] and pressing Enter will allow - running Linux software on FreeBSD. The install will proceed to add + running Linux software on FreeBSD. The install will add the appropriate packages for Linux compatibility. If installing by FTP, the machine will need to be connected to @@ -3724,7 +3784,7 @@ To change any of these settings later, edit /etc/rc.conf console and user programs with a 3-button mouse. If using a 2-button mouse, refer to manual page, &man.moused.8;, after installation for details on emulating the 3-button style. This example depicts a - non-USB mouse configuration: + non-USB mouse configuration (such as a PS/2 or COM port mouse): User Confirmation Requested Does this system have a non-USB mouse attached to it? @@ -3800,7 +3860,11 @@ To change any of these settings later, edit /etc/rc.conf
- Last, the mouse daemon is enabled and tested. + Last, use the arrow keys to select + Enable, and press + Enter to enable and test the mouse + daemon. +
Test the Mouse Daemon @@ -3812,11 +3876,14 @@ To change any of these settings later, edit /etc/rc.conf
- The cursor moved around the screen so the mouse daemon is - running. + Move the mous around the sceren and verify the cursor + shown responds properly. If it does, select + Yes and press Enter. If + not, the mouse has not been configured correctly — select + No and try using different configuration + options. - Select [ Yes ] to return to the previous - menu then select Exit with the arrow keys + Select Exit with the arrow keys and press Enter to return to continue with the post-installation configuration. @@ -3853,7 +3920,10 @@ To change any of these settings later, edit /etc/rc.conf after installation when you have the information using /stand/sysinstall, selecting Configure and then - XFree86. + XFree86. Improper configuration + of the X server at this time can leave the machine in a + frozen state. It is often advised to configure the X-server + once the installation has completed. @@ -3877,7 +3947,7 @@ To change any of these settings later, edit /etc/rc.conf carefully. The xf86cfg and - xf86cfg -textmode may make the screen + xf86cfg -textmode methods may make the screen go dark and take a few seconds to start. Be patient. @@ -4390,7 +4460,7 @@ failed. Would you like to try again? Install Packages - The packages are pre-compiled binaries and are a convenient + Packages are pre-compiled binaries and are a convenient way to install software. Installation of one package is shown for purposes of @@ -4420,6 +4490,9 @@ failed. Would you like to try again?
+ Only packages on the current installation media are + available for installation at any given time. + All packages available will be displayed if All is selected or you can select a particular category. Highlight your selection with the arrow @@ -4465,7 +4538,7 @@ failed. Would you like to try again?
- Use the arrow keys to select [ Install ] + Use the tab and arrow keys to select [ Install ] and press Enter. You will then need to confirm that you want to install the packages: @@ -4484,7 +4557,9 @@ failed. Would you like to try again? completed. Make note if there are any error messages. The final configuration continues after packages are - installed. + installed. If you end up not selecting any packages, and wish + to return to the final configuration, select + Install anyways. @@ -4609,7 +4684,9 @@ failed. Would you like to try again? /usr/local/bin/bash to use the bash shell that was previously installed as a package. Do not try to use a shell that does not exist or you will - not be able to login. + not be able to login. The most common shell used in the + BSD-world is the C shell, which can be indicated as + /bin/tcsh. The user was also added to the wheel group to be able to become a superuser with root @@ -4628,7 +4705,7 @@ failed. Would you like to try again?
- Groups could also be added at this time if specific needs + Groups can also be added at this time if specific needs are known. Otherwise, this may be accessed through using /stand/sysinstall after installation is completed. @@ -4657,8 +4734,8 @@ failed. Would you like to try again? forget. Changing local password for root. - New password : - Retype new password : +New password : +Retype new password : The installation will continue after the password is successfully entered. @@ -4667,8 +4744,8 @@ failed. Would you like to try again? Exiting Install - If you need to configure additional network devices or to - do any other configurations, you can do it at this point or + If you need to configure additional network devices or + any other configuration, you can do it at this point or after installation with /stand/sysinstall. User Confirmation Requested @@ -5073,7 +5150,7 @@ Please press any key to reboot. - Using &ms-dos; File Systems + Using &ms-dos; and &windows; File Systems At this time, &os; does not support file systems compressed with the Double Space™ application. Therefore the file @@ -5100,6 +5177,9 @@ Please press any key to reboot. /dev/ad0s2, with the extended &ms-dos; partition being located on /dev/ad0s3. To some, this can be confusing at first. + + NTFS partitions can also be mounted in a similar manner + using the &man.mount.ntfs.8; command. @@ -5182,89 +5262,16 @@ Please press any key to reboot. even have a VGA output. How is this possible you ask? Using a serial console. A serial console is basically using another machine to act as the main display and keyboard for a - system. To do this, just follow these steps: + system. To do this, just follow the steps to create + installation floppies, explained in . + + To modify these floppies to boot into a serial console, follow + these steps: - - Fetch the Right Boot Floppy Images - - First you will need to get the right disk images so - that you can boot into the install program. The secret - with using a serial console is that you tell the boot - loader to send I/O through a serial port instead of - displaying console output to the VGA device and trying to - read input from a local keyboard. Enough of that now, - let's get back to getting these disk images. - - You will need to get - kern.flp - and - mfsroot.flp - from the - - floppies directory. - - - - Write the Image Files to the Floppy Disks - - The image files, such as kern.flp, are - not regular files that you copy to the disk. - Instead, they are images of the complete contents of the - disk. - - This means that you can not use - commands like DOS' copy to write the - files. Instead, you must use specific tools to write the - images directly to the disk. - - - fdimage - - If you are creating the floppies on a computer running - DOS then we provide a tool to do this called - fdimage. - - If you are using the floppies from the CDROM, and - your CDROM is the E: drive then - you would run this: - - E:\> tools\fdimage floppies\kern.flp A: - - Repeat this command for each .flp - file, replacing the floppy disk each time. Adjust the - command line as necessary, depending on where you have - placed the .flp files. If you do not - have the CDROM then fdimage can be - downloaded from the tools - directory on the FreeBSD FTP site. - - If you are writing the floppies on a &unix; system (such - as another FreeBSD system) you can use the &man.dd.1; - command to write the image files directly to disk. On - FreeBSD you would run: - - &prompt.root; dd if=kern.flp of=/dev/fd0 - - On FreeBSD /dev/fd0 refers to - the first floppy disk (the A: - drive). /dev/fd1 would be the - B: drive, and so on. Other &unix; - variants might have different names for the floppy disk - devices, and you will need to check the documentation for - the system as necessary. - - - - - Enabling the Boot Floppies to Boot into a Serial - Console - - - Do not try to mount the floppy if it is write-protected. - - + + Enabling the Boot Floppies to Boot into a Serial Console mount @@ -5275,12 +5282,12 @@ Please press any key to reboot. kern.flp floppy onto your FreeBSD system using the &man.mount.8; command. - &prompt.root; mount /dev/fd0 /mnt + &prompt.root; mount /dev/fd0 /floppy Now that you have the floppy mounted, you must change into the floppy directory: - &prompt.root; cd /mnt + &prompt.root; cd /floppy Here is where you must set the floppy to boot into a serial console. You have to make a file called @@ -5334,10 +5341,10 @@ Please press any key to reboot. - That's it! You should be able to control the headless machine - through your cu session now. It will ask you to + That's it! You should now be able to control the headless machine + through your cu session. It will ask you to put in the mfsroot.flp, and then it will come up - with a selection of what kind of terminal to use. Just select the + with a selection of what kind of terminal to use. Select the FreeBSD color console and proceed with your install! @@ -5348,7 +5355,7 @@ Please press any key to reboot. To prevent repetition, FreeBSD disk in this context - means a FreeBSD CDROM or DVD that you have purchased, or produced + means a FreeBSD CDROM or DVD that you have purchased or produced yourself. @@ -5356,7 +5363,9 @@ Please press any key to reboot. FreeBSD installation media and/or source. This might be physical media, such as a tape, or a source that sysinstall can use to retrieve the files, such as a local FTP site, or an &ms-dos; - partition. For example: + partition. + + For example: @@ -5367,15 +5376,15 @@ Please press any key to reboot. - You have a FreeBSD disk, FreeBSD does not recognize your CD/DVD - drive, but DOS/&windows; does. You want to copy the FreeBSD + You have a FreeBSD disk, and FreeBSD does not recognize your CD/DVD + drive, but &ms-dos;/&windows; does. You want to copy the FreeBSD installations files to a DOS partition on the same computer, and then install FreeBSD using those files. The computer you want to install on does not have a CD/DVD - drive, or a network card, but you can connect a + drive or a network card, but you can connect a Laplink-style serial or parallel cable to a computer that does. @@ -5389,7 +5398,7 @@ Please press any key to reboot. Creating an Installation CDROM - As part of each release, the FreeBSD project makes available five + As part of each release, the FreeBSD project makes available two CDROM images (ISO images). These images can be written (burned) to CDs if you have a CD writer, and then used to install FreeBSD. If you have a CD writer, and bandwidth is cheap, @@ -5441,30 +5450,18 @@ Please press any key to reboot. FreeBSD CVS tree. As many additional third party packages as would fit on the disc. - - - version-disc3.iso - - As many additional third party packages as would fit - on the disc. - - - - version-disc4.iso - - As many additional third party packages as would fit - on the disc. - + You must download one of either the mini ISO image, or the image of disc one. Do not download both of them, @@ -5495,7 +5492,8 @@ Please press any key to reboot. If you will be doing this on another platform then you will need to use whatever utilities exist to control your CD writer on - that platform. + that platform. The images provided are in the standard ISO format, + which many CD writing applications support. @@ -5603,7 +5601,7 @@ Please press any key to reboot. After you have formatted the floppies, you will need to copy the files to them. The distribution files are split into chunks - conveniently sized so that 5 of them will fit on a conventional + conveniently sized so that five of them will fit on a conventional 1.44 MB floppy. Go through all your floppies, packing as many files as will fit on each one, until you have all of the distributions you want packed up in this fashion. Each @@ -5679,14 +5677,14 @@ Please press any key to reboot. &prompt.root; cd /freebsd/distdir &prompt.root; tar cvf /dev/rwt0 dist1 ... dist2 - When you go to do the installation, you should also make + When you perform the installation, you should make sure that you leave enough room in some temporary directory (which you will be allowed to choose) to accommodate the full contents of the tape you have created. Due to the non-random access nature of tapes, this method of installation requires quite a bit of temporary storage. You should expect to require as much temporary storage as you have - stuff written on tape. + data written on tape. When starting the installation, the tape must be in the @@ -5714,7 +5712,7 @@ Please press any key to reboot. network Ethernet - There are three types of network installations you can do. + There are three types of network installations available. Serial port (SLIP or PPP), Parallel port (PLIP (laplink cable)), or Ethernet (a standard Ethernet controller (includes some PCMCIA)). @@ -5786,8 +5784,8 @@ Please press any key to reboot. NFS The NFS installation is fairly straight-forward. Simply - copy the FreeBSD distribution files you want onto a server - somewhere and then point the NFS media selection at it. + copy the FreeBSD distribution files you want onto an NFS server + and then point the NFS media selection at it. If this server supports only privileged port (as is generally the default for Sun workstations), you will @@ -5799,7 +5797,7 @@ Please press any key to reboot. appropriate Options flag. In order for NFS installation to work, the server must - support subdir mounts, e.g., if your FreeBSD 3.4 distribution + support subdir mounts, for example., if your FreeBSD &rel.current; distribution directory lives on: ziggy:/usr/archive/stuff/FreeBSD, then ziggy will have to allow the direct mounting @@ -5808,7 +5806,7 @@ Please press any key to reboot. /usr/archive/stuff. In FreeBSD's /etc/exports file, this - is controlled by the . Other NFS + is controlled by the options. Other NFS servers may have different conventions. If you are getting permission denied messages from the server, then it is likely that you do not have this enabled