Try and take some of this content into the 90's. :)

This commit is contained in:
Jordan K. Hubbard 1999-09-22 12:15:45 +00:00
parent 7fc5f2ad00
commit bdccea3905
Notes: svn2git 2020-12-08 03:00:23 +00:00
svn path=/head/; revision=5694
2 changed files with 114 additions and 102 deletions

View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
<!-- <!--
The FreeBSD Documentation Project The FreeBSD Documentation Project
$FreeBSD: doc/en_US.ISO_8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.sgml,v 1.17 1999/09/06 06:52:59 peter Exp $ $FreeBSD: doc/en_US.ISO_8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.sgml,v 1.18 1999/09/14 03:13:50 jim Exp $
--> -->
<chapter id="introduction"> <chapter id="introduction">
@ -21,34 +21,40 @@
<title>FreeBSD in a Nutshell</title> <title>FreeBSD in a Nutshell</title>
<para>FreeBSD is a state of the art operating system for computer <para>FreeBSD is a state of the art operating system for computer
systems based on both the Intel CPU architecture, which includes the systems based on both the Intel CPU architecture, which includes
386 and 486 and Pentium processors (both SX and DX versions) and the DEC the 386 and Pentium family of processors as well as Intel
Alpha architecture. Intel compatible CPUs from AMD to Cyrix are compatible CPUs from Cyrix and AMD, and the DEC Alpha
supported as well. FreeBSD provides you with many advanced features architecture. FreeBSD provides you with many advanced features
previously available only on much more expensive computers. previously available only on much more expensive systems.
These features include:</para> These features include:</para>
<itemizedlist> <itemizedlist>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para><emphasis>Preemptive multitasking</emphasis> with dynamic <para><emphasis>Preemptive multitasking</emphasis> with
priority adjustment to ensure smooth and fair sharing of the dynamic priority adjustment to ensure smooth and fair
computer between applications and users.</para> sharing of the computer between applications and users, even
under the heaviest of loads.</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para><emphasis>Multiuser</emphasis> access means that many people can <para><emphasis>Multiuser</emphasis> access means that many
use a FreeBSD system simultaneously for a variety of things. System people can use a FreeBSD system simultaneously for a variety
peripherals such as printers and tape drives are also properly of things. This means, for example, that system peripherals
SHARED BETWEEN ALL users on the system.</para> such as printers and tape drives are properly shared between
all users on the system or the network and that individual
resource limits can be placed on users or groups of users,
protecting critical system resources from over-use.</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Complete <emphasis>TCP/IP networking</emphasis> including SLIP, <para>Strong <emphasis>TCP/IP networking</emphasis> with
PPP, NFS and NIS support. This means that your FreeBSD machine can support for industry standards such as SLIP, PPP, NFS, DHCP
inter-operate easily with other systems as well act as an enterprise and NIS support. This means that your FreeBSD machine can
server, providing vital functions such as NFS (remote file access) inter-operate easily with other systems as well act as an
and e-mail services or putting your organization on the Internet enterprise server, providing vital functions such as NFS
with WWW, ftp, routing and firewall (security) services.</para> (remote file access) and e-mail services or putting your
organization on the Internet with WWW, ftp, routing and
firewall (security) services.</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
@ -58,8 +64,9 @@
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>FreeBSD is a <emphasis>32-bit</emphasis> operating system and <para>FreeBSD is a <emphasis>32-bit</emphasis> operating
was designed as such from the ground up.</para> system (<emphasis>64-bit</emphasis> on the Alpha) and was
designed as such from the ground up.</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
@ -70,11 +77,11 @@
<listitem> <listitem>
<para><emphasis>Binary compatibility</emphasis> with many programs <para><emphasis>Binary compatibility</emphasis> with many programs
built for SCO, BSDI, NetBSD, Linux and 386BSD.</para> built for Linux, SCO, SVR4, BSDI and NetBSD.</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Hundreds of <emphasis>ready-to-run</emphasis> applications are <para>Thousands of <emphasis>ready-to-run</emphasis> applications are
available from the FreeBSD <emphasis>ports</emphasis> and available from the FreeBSD <emphasis>ports</emphasis> and
<emphasis>packages</emphasis> collection. Why search the net when <emphasis>packages</emphasis> collection. Why search the net when
you can find it all right here?</para> you can find it all right here?</para>
@ -95,9 +102,8 @@
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para><emphasis>Shared libraries</emphasis> (the Unix equivalent of <para><emphasis>SMP</emphasis> support for machines with multiple
MS-Windows DLLs) provide for efficient use of disk space and CPUs (Intel only).</para>
memory.</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
@ -163,11 +169,11 @@
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>World Wide Web servers</para> <para>World Wide Web servers (standard or secure [SSL])</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Gopher servers</para> <para>Firewalls and NAT ("IP masquerading") gateways.</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
@ -175,11 +181,7 @@
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>USENET News</para> <para>USENET News or Bulletin Board Systems</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Bulletin Board Systems</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
@ -187,8 +189,10 @@
</listitem> </listitem>
</itemizedlist> </itemizedlist>
<para>You can easily start out small with an inexpensive 386 class PC <para>With FreeBSD, you can easily start out small with an
and upgrade as your enterprise grows.</para> inexpensive 386 class PC and upgrade all the way up to a
quad-processor Xeon with RAID storage as your enterprise
grows.</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
@ -328,17 +332,19 @@
(&ldquo;-current&rdquo;) in November 1996 as the RELENG_2_2 branch, and (&ldquo;-current&rdquo;) in November 1996 as the RELENG_2_2 branch, and
the first full release (2.2.1) was released in April, 1997. Further the first full release (2.2.1) was released in April, 1997. Further
releases along the 2.2 branch were done in the Summer and Fall of '97, releases along the 2.2 branch were done in the Summer and Fall of '97,
the latest being 2.2.7 which appeared in late July of '98. The first the last of which (2.2.8) appeared in November, 1998. The first
official 3.0 release appeared in October, 1998 and the last release on official 3.0 release appeared in October, 1998 and spelled the beginning
the 2.2 branch, 2.2.8, appeared in November, 1998.</para> of the end for the 2.2 branch.</para>
<para>The tree branched again on Jan 20, 1999. This led to 4.0-current <para>The tree branched again on Jan 20, 1999, leading to the 4.0-current
and a 3.x-stable branch, from which 3.1 was released on February and 3.x-stable branches. From 3.x-stable, 3.1 was released on February
15th, 1999 and 3.2 was released on May 15, 1999.</para> 15th, 1999 and 3.2 on May 15, 1999. The most current release on this
branch is 3.3, which was released on September 16th, 1999.</para>
<para>Long term development projects will continue to take place in the <para>Long term development projects continue to take place in the
4.0-current branch and SNAPshot releases of 4.0 on CDROM (and, of 4.0-current branch, and SNAPshot releases of 4.0 on CDROM (and,
course, on the net).</para> of course, on the net) are continually made available as work
progresses.</para>
</sect1> </sect1>
<sect1 id="goals"> <sect1 id="goals">
@ -361,9 +367,9 @@
License (GPL) or Library General Public License (LGPL) comes with slightly License (GPL) or Library General Public License (LGPL) comes with slightly
more strings attached, though at least on the side of enforced access more strings attached, though at least on the side of enforced access
rather than the usual opposite. Due to the additional complexities that rather than the usual opposite. Due to the additional complexities that
can evolve in the commercial use of GPL software, we do, however, can evolve in the commercial use of GPL software we do, however,
endeavor to replace such software with submissions under the more prefer software submitted under the more relaxed BSD copyright when it's
relaxed BSD copyright when reasonable to do so.</para> a reasonable option to do so.</para>
</sect1> </sect1>
<sect1 id="development"> <sect1 id="development">
@ -516,10 +522,10 @@
buffer cache that not only increases performance, but reduces FreeBSD's buffer cache that not only increases performance, but reduces FreeBSD's
memory footprint, making a 5MB configuration a more acceptable minimum. memory footprint, making a 5MB configuration a more acceptable minimum.
Other enhancements include full NIS client and server support, Other enhancements include full NIS client and server support,
transaction TCP support, dial-on-demand PPP, an improved SCSI subsystem, transaction TCP support, dial-on-demand PPP, integrated DHCP support,
ISDN support, support for ATM, FDDI and Fast Ethernet (100Mbit) an improved SCSI subsystem, ISDN support, support for ATM, FDDI, Fast
adapters, improved support for the Adaptec 2940 (WIDE and narrow) and and Gigabit Ethernet (1000Mbit) adapters, improved support for the latest
many hundreds of bug fixes.</para> Adaptec controllers and many hundreds of bug fixes.</para>
<para>We have also taken the comments and suggestions of many of our users <para>We have also taken the comments and suggestions of many of our users
to heart and have attempted to provide what we hope is a more sane and to heart and have attempted to provide what we hope is a more sane and

View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
<!-- <!--
The FreeBSD Documentation Project The FreeBSD Documentation Project
$FreeBSD: doc/en_US.ISO_8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.sgml,v 1.17 1999/09/06 06:52:59 peter Exp $ $FreeBSD: doc/en_US.ISO_8859-1/books/handbook/introduction/chapter.sgml,v 1.18 1999/09/14 03:13:50 jim Exp $
--> -->
<chapter id="introduction"> <chapter id="introduction">
@ -21,34 +21,40 @@
<title>FreeBSD in a Nutshell</title> <title>FreeBSD in a Nutshell</title>
<para>FreeBSD is a state of the art operating system for computer <para>FreeBSD is a state of the art operating system for computer
systems based on both the Intel CPU architecture, which includes the systems based on both the Intel CPU architecture, which includes
386 and 486 and Pentium processors (both SX and DX versions) and the DEC the 386 and Pentium family of processors as well as Intel
Alpha architecture. Intel compatible CPUs from AMD to Cyrix are compatible CPUs from Cyrix and AMD, and the DEC Alpha
supported as well. FreeBSD provides you with many advanced features architecture. FreeBSD provides you with many advanced features
previously available only on much more expensive computers. previously available only on much more expensive systems.
These features include:</para> These features include:</para>
<itemizedlist> <itemizedlist>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para><emphasis>Preemptive multitasking</emphasis> with dynamic <para><emphasis>Preemptive multitasking</emphasis> with
priority adjustment to ensure smooth and fair sharing of the dynamic priority adjustment to ensure smooth and fair
computer between applications and users.</para> sharing of the computer between applications and users, even
under the heaviest of loads.</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para><emphasis>Multiuser</emphasis> access means that many people can <para><emphasis>Multiuser</emphasis> access means that many
use a FreeBSD system simultaneously for a variety of things. System people can use a FreeBSD system simultaneously for a variety
peripherals such as printers and tape drives are also properly of things. This means, for example, that system peripherals
SHARED BETWEEN ALL users on the system.</para> such as printers and tape drives are properly shared between
all users on the system or the network and that individual
resource limits can be placed on users or groups of users,
protecting critical system resources from over-use.</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Complete <emphasis>TCP/IP networking</emphasis> including SLIP, <para>Strong <emphasis>TCP/IP networking</emphasis> with
PPP, NFS and NIS support. This means that your FreeBSD machine can support for industry standards such as SLIP, PPP, NFS, DHCP
inter-operate easily with other systems as well act as an enterprise and NIS support. This means that your FreeBSD machine can
server, providing vital functions such as NFS (remote file access) inter-operate easily with other systems as well act as an
and e-mail services or putting your organization on the Internet enterprise server, providing vital functions such as NFS
with WWW, ftp, routing and firewall (security) services.</para> (remote file access) and e-mail services or putting your
organization on the Internet with WWW, ftp, routing and
firewall (security) services.</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
@ -58,8 +64,9 @@
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>FreeBSD is a <emphasis>32-bit</emphasis> operating system and <para>FreeBSD is a <emphasis>32-bit</emphasis> operating
was designed as such from the ground up.</para> system (<emphasis>64-bit</emphasis> on the Alpha) and was
designed as such from the ground up.</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
@ -70,11 +77,11 @@
<listitem> <listitem>
<para><emphasis>Binary compatibility</emphasis> with many programs <para><emphasis>Binary compatibility</emphasis> with many programs
built for SCO, BSDI, NetBSD, Linux and 386BSD.</para> built for Linux, SCO, SVR4, BSDI and NetBSD.</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Hundreds of <emphasis>ready-to-run</emphasis> applications are <para>Thousands of <emphasis>ready-to-run</emphasis> applications are
available from the FreeBSD <emphasis>ports</emphasis> and available from the FreeBSD <emphasis>ports</emphasis> and
<emphasis>packages</emphasis> collection. Why search the net when <emphasis>packages</emphasis> collection. Why search the net when
you can find it all right here?</para> you can find it all right here?</para>
@ -95,9 +102,8 @@
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para><emphasis>Shared libraries</emphasis> (the Unix equivalent of <para><emphasis>SMP</emphasis> support for machines with multiple
MS-Windows DLLs) provide for efficient use of disk space and CPUs (Intel only).</para>
memory.</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
@ -163,11 +169,11 @@
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>World Wide Web servers</para> <para>World Wide Web servers (standard or secure [SSL])</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>Gopher servers</para> <para>Firewalls and NAT ("IP masquerading") gateways.</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
@ -175,11 +181,7 @@
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
<para>USENET News</para> <para>USENET News or Bulletin Board Systems</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Bulletin Board Systems</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
@ -187,8 +189,10 @@
</listitem> </listitem>
</itemizedlist> </itemizedlist>
<para>You can easily start out small with an inexpensive 386 class PC <para>With FreeBSD, you can easily start out small with an
and upgrade as your enterprise grows.</para> inexpensive 386 class PC and upgrade all the way up to a
quad-processor Xeon with RAID storage as your enterprise
grows.</para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
@ -328,17 +332,19 @@
(&ldquo;-current&rdquo;) in November 1996 as the RELENG_2_2 branch, and (&ldquo;-current&rdquo;) in November 1996 as the RELENG_2_2 branch, and
the first full release (2.2.1) was released in April, 1997. Further the first full release (2.2.1) was released in April, 1997. Further
releases along the 2.2 branch were done in the Summer and Fall of '97, releases along the 2.2 branch were done in the Summer and Fall of '97,
the latest being 2.2.7 which appeared in late July of '98. The first the last of which (2.2.8) appeared in November, 1998. The first
official 3.0 release appeared in October, 1998 and the last release on official 3.0 release appeared in October, 1998 and spelled the beginning
the 2.2 branch, 2.2.8, appeared in November, 1998.</para> of the end for the 2.2 branch.</para>
<para>The tree branched again on Jan 20, 1999. This led to 4.0-current <para>The tree branched again on Jan 20, 1999, leading to the 4.0-current
and a 3.x-stable branch, from which 3.1 was released on February and 3.x-stable branches. From 3.x-stable, 3.1 was released on February
15th, 1999 and 3.2 was released on May 15, 1999.</para> 15th, 1999 and 3.2 on May 15, 1999. The most current release on this
branch is 3.3, which was released on September 16th, 1999.</para>
<para>Long term development projects will continue to take place in the <para>Long term development projects continue to take place in the
4.0-current branch and SNAPshot releases of 4.0 on CDROM (and, of 4.0-current branch, and SNAPshot releases of 4.0 on CDROM (and,
course, on the net).</para> of course, on the net) are continually made available as work
progresses.</para>
</sect1> </sect1>
<sect1 id="goals"> <sect1 id="goals">
@ -361,9 +367,9 @@
License (GPL) or Library General Public License (LGPL) comes with slightly License (GPL) or Library General Public License (LGPL) comes with slightly
more strings attached, though at least on the side of enforced access more strings attached, though at least on the side of enforced access
rather than the usual opposite. Due to the additional complexities that rather than the usual opposite. Due to the additional complexities that
can evolve in the commercial use of GPL software, we do, however, can evolve in the commercial use of GPL software we do, however,
endeavor to replace such software with submissions under the more prefer software submitted under the more relaxed BSD copyright when it's
relaxed BSD copyright when reasonable to do so.</para> a reasonable option to do so.</para>
</sect1> </sect1>
<sect1 id="development"> <sect1 id="development">
@ -516,10 +522,10 @@
buffer cache that not only increases performance, but reduces FreeBSD's buffer cache that not only increases performance, but reduces FreeBSD's
memory footprint, making a 5MB configuration a more acceptable minimum. memory footprint, making a 5MB configuration a more acceptable minimum.
Other enhancements include full NIS client and server support, Other enhancements include full NIS client and server support,
transaction TCP support, dial-on-demand PPP, an improved SCSI subsystem, transaction TCP support, dial-on-demand PPP, integrated DHCP support,
ISDN support, support for ATM, FDDI and Fast Ethernet (100Mbit) an improved SCSI subsystem, ISDN support, support for ATM, FDDI, Fast
adapters, improved support for the Adaptec 2940 (WIDE and narrow) and and Gigabit Ethernet (1000Mbit) adapters, improved support for the latest
many hundreds of bug fixes.</para> Adaptec controllers and many hundreds of bug fixes.</para>
<para>We have also taken the comments and suggestions of many of our users <para>We have also taken the comments and suggestions of many of our users
to heart and have attempted to provide what we hope is a more sane and to heart and have attempted to provide what we hope is a more sane and