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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /><title>FreeBSD 11.0-STABLE README</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="docbook.css" /><link rev="made" href="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.78.1" /><meta name="description" content="This document gives a brief introduction to FreeBSD 11.0-STABLE. It includes some information on how to obtain FreeBSD, a listing of various ways to contact the FreeBSD Project, and pointers to some other sources of information." /><script xmlns="" type="text/javascript" src="/layout/js/google.js"></script></head><body><div class="article"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="idp57655160"></a>FreeBSD 11.0-STABLE README</h1></div><div><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="orgname">The FreeBSD Project</span></h3></div></div><div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="copyright">Copyright © 2000-2015 The FreeBSD Documentation Project</p></div><div><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="legalnotice"><a id="trademarks"></a><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">FreeBSD is a registered trademark of
the FreeBSD Foundation. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Intel, Celeron, Centrino, Core, EtherExpress, i386,
i486, Itanium, Pentium, and Xeon are trademarks or registered
trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United
States and other countries. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Motif, OSF/1, and UNIX are
registered trademarks and IT DialTone and The Open Group are
trademarks of The Open Group in the United States and other
countries. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">SPARC, SPARC64, and
UltraSPARC are trademarks of SPARC International, Inc in the United
States and other countries. SPARC International, Inc owns all of the
SPARC trademarks and under licensing agreements allows the proper use
of these trademarks by its members. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Many of the designations used by
manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed
as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this document,
and the FreeBSD Project was aware of the trademark claim, the
designations have been followed by the <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">&#8482;</span>&#8221;</span> or the
<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">®</span>&#8221;</span> symbol. </p></div></div><div>Last modified on 2015-01-02 21:46:57Z by gjb.</div><div><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="abstract"><div class="abstract-title">Abstract</div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">This document gives a brief introduction to FreeBSD
11.0-STABLE. It includes some information on how to
obtain FreeBSD, a listing of various ways to contact the FreeBSD
Project, and pointers to some other sources of
information. </p></div></div></div><hr /></div><div class="toc"><div class="toc-title">Table of Contents</div><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#intro">1. Introduction</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="#idp58641528">1.1. About FreeBSD</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="#idp59340152">1.2. Target Audience</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#obtain">2. Obtaining FreeBSD</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="#idp59430008">2.1. CDROM and DVD</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="#idp59436920">2.2. FTP</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#contacting">3. Contacting the FreeBSD Project</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="#idp59452408">3.1. Email and Mailing Lists</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="#idp59487608">3.2. Submitting Problem Reports</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#seealso">4. Further Reading</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="#release-docs">4.1. Release Documentation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="#idp59566328">4.2. Manual Pages</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="#idp59581944">4.3. Books and Articles</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#acknowledgements">5. Acknowledgments</a></span></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="intro"></a>1. Introduction</h2></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">This distribution is a snapshot of FreeBSD 11.0-STABLE, the
latest point along the 11.0-STABLE branch. </p><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="idp58641528"></a>1.1. About FreeBSD</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">FreeBSD is an operating system based on 4.4 BSD Lite for
AMD64 and Intel EM64T based PC hardware (amd64),
Intel, AMD, Cyrix or NexGen <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">x86</span>&#8221;</span> based PC hardware (i386),
NEC PC-9801/9821 series PCs and compatibles (pc98),
and <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">UltraSPARC</span>® machines (sparc64). Versions
for the <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">ARM</span>® (arm), <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">MIPS</span>® (mips), and
<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">PowerPC</span>® (powerpc) architectures are currently under
development as well. FreeBSD works with a wide variety of
peripherals and configurations and can be used for everything
from software development to games to Internet Service
Provision. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">This release of FreeBSD contains everything you need to run
such a system, including full source code for the kernel and
all utilities in the base distribution. With the source
distribution installed, you can literally recompile the entire
system from scratch with one command, making it ideal for
students, researchers, or users who simply want to see how it
all works. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A large collection of third-party ported software (the
<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Ports Collection</span>&#8221;</span>) is also provided to make it
easy to obtain and install all your favorite traditional <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">UNIX</span>®
utilities for FreeBSD. Each <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">port</span>&#8221;</span> consists of a
set of scripts to retrieve, configure, build, and install a
piece of software, with a single command. Over 24,000
ports, from editors to programming languages to graphical
applications, make FreeBSD a powerful and comprehensive operating
environment that extends far beyond what's provided by many
commercial versions of <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">UNIX</span>®. Most ports are also available as
pre-compiled <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">packages</span>&#8221;</span>, which can be quickly
installed from the installation program. </p></div><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="idp59340152"></a>1.2. Target Audience</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">This snapshot is aimed primarily at early adopters
and various other users who want to get involved with the
ongoing development of FreeBSD. While the FreeBSD development team
tries its best to ensure that each snapshot works as
advertised, 11.0-STABLE is very much a
work-in-progress. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The basic requirements for using this snapshot are
technical proficiency with FreeBSD and an understanding of the
ongoing development process of FreeBSD 11.0-STABLE (as
discussed on the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-current" target="_top">FreeBSD-CURRENT mailing list</a>). </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">For those more interested in doing business with FreeBSD than
in experimenting with new FreeBSD technology, formal releases
(such as 10.2-RELEASE) are frequently more appropriate.
Releases undergo a period of testing and quality assurance
checking to ensure high reliability and dependability. </p></div></div><div class="sect1"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="obtain"></a>2. Obtaining FreeBSD</h2></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">FreeBSD may be obtained in a variety of ways. This section
focuses on those ways that are primarily useful for obtaining a
complete FreeBSD distribution, rather than updating an existing
installation. </p><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="idp59430008"></a>2.1. CDROM and DVD</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">FreeBSD -RELEASE distributions may be ordered on CDROM or DVD
from several publishers. This is frequently the most
convenient way to obtain FreeBSD for new installations, as it
provides a convenient way to quickly reinstall the system if
necessary. Some distributions include some of the optional,
precompiled <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">packages</span>&#8221;</span> from the FreeBSD Ports
Collection, or other extra material. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A list of the CDROM and DVD publishers known to the
project are listed in the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors.html" target="_top"><span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Obtaining
FreeBSD</span>&#8221;</span></a> appendix to the Handbook. </p></div><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="idp59436920"></a>2.2. FTP</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">You can use FTP to retrieve FreeBSD and any or all of its
optional packages from <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="uri"><a class="uri" href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/" target="_top">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/</a></code>, which is the official
FreeBSD release site, or any of its
<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">mirrors</span>&#8221;</span>. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Lists of locations that mirror FreeBSD can be found in the
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html" target="_top">FTP
Sites</a> section of the Handbook.
Finding a close (in networking terms) mirror from which to
download the distribution is highly recommended. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Additional mirror sites are always welcome. Contact
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="email">&lt;<a xmlns="" class="email" href="mailto:freebsd-admin@FreeBSD.org">freebsd-admin@FreeBSD.org</a>&gt;</code> for more details on
becoming an official mirror site. You can also find useful
information for mirror sites at the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/hubs/" target="_top">Mirroring
FreeBSD</a> article. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Mirrors generally contain the ISO images generally used to
create a CDROM of a FreeBSD release. They usually also contain
floppy disk images (for applicable platforms), as well as the
files necessary to do an installation over the network.
Finally mirrors sites usually contain a set of packages for
the most current release. </p></div></div><div class="sect1"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="contacting"></a>3. Contacting the FreeBSD Project</h2></div></div></div><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="idp59452408"></a>3.1. Email and Mailing Lists</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">For any questions or general technical support issues,
please send mail to the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions" target="_top">FreeBSD general questions mailing list</a>. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">If you're tracking the 11.0-STABLE development efforts, you
<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="emphasis"><em>must</em></span> join the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-current" target="_top">FreeBSD-CURRENT mailing list</a>, in order to
keep abreast of recent developments and changes that may
affect the way you use and maintain the system. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Being a largely-volunteer effort, the FreeBSD
Project is always happy to have extra hands willing to help&#8212;there are already far more desired enhancements than
there is time to implement them. To contact the developers on
technical matters, or with offers of help, please send mail to
the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-hackers" target="_top">FreeBSD technical discussions mailing list</a>. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Please note that these mailing lists can experience
<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="emphasis"><em>significant</em></span> amounts of traffic. If you
have slow or expensive mail access, or are only interested in
keeping up with major FreeBSD events, you may find it
preferable to subscribe instead to the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-announce" target="_top">FreeBSD announcements mailing list</a>. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">All of the mailing lists can be freely joined by anyone
wishing to do so. Visit the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../mailman/listinfo" target="_top">
FreeBSD Mailman Info Page</a>. This will give you more
information on joining the various lists, accessing archives,
etc. There are a number of mailing lists targeted at special
interest groups not mentioned here; more information can be
obtained either from the Mailman pages or the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../support.html#mailing-list" target="_top">mailing
lists section</a> of the FreeBSD Web site. </p><div xmlns="" class="important"><h3 class="admontitle">Important: </h3><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Do <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> send email to the lists
asking to be subscribed. Use the Mailman interface
instead. </p></div></div><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="idp59487608"></a>3.2. Submitting Problem Reports</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Suggestions, bug reports and contributions of code are
always valued&#8212;please do not hesitate to report any
problems you may find. Bug reports with attached fixes are of
course even more welcome. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The preferred method to submit bug reports from a machine
with Internet connectivity is to use the
<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="application">Bugzilla</span> bug tracker.
<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Problem Reports</span>&#8221;</span> (PRs) submitted in this way
will be filed and their progress tracked; the FreeBSD developers
will do their best to respond to all reported bugs as soon as
possible. <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="https://bugs.FreeBSD.org/search/" target="_top">A list of all
active PRs</a> is available on the FreeBSD Web site; this
list is useful to see what potential problems other users have
encountered. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Note that <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=send-pr&amp;sektion=1&amp;manpath=freebsd-release-ports"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">send-pr</span>(1)</span></a> is deprecated. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">For more information, <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/problem-reports/" target="_top"><span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Writing
FreeBSD Problem Reports</span>&#8221;</span></a>, available on the FreeBSD
Web site, has a number of helpful hints on writing and
submitting effective problem reports. </p></div></div><div class="sect1"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="seealso"></a>4. Further Reading</h2></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">There are many sources of information about FreeBSD; some are
included with this distribution, while others are available
on-line or in print versions. </p><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="release-docs"></a>4.1. Release Documentation</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A number of other files provide more specific information
about this snapshot distribution. These files are
provided in various formats. Most distributions will include
both ASCII text (<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">.TXT</code>) and HTML
(<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">.HTM</code>) renditions. Some distributions
may also include other formats such as Portable Document Format
(<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">.PDF</code>).
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"><code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">README.TXT</code>: This file, which
gives some general information about FreeBSD as well as
some cursory notes about obtaining a
distribution. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"><code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">RELNOTES.TXT</code>: The release
notes, showing what's new and different in FreeBSD
11.0-STABLE compared to the previous release (FreeBSD
10.3-RELEASE). </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"><code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">HARDWARE.TXT</code>: The hardware
compatibility list, showing devices with which FreeBSD has
been tested and is known to work. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"><code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">ERRATA.TXT</code>: Release errata.
Late-breaking, post-release information can be found in
this file, which is principally applicable to releases
(as opposed to snapshots). It is important to consult
this file before installing a release of FreeBSD, as it
contains the latest information on problems which have
been found and fixed since the release was
created. </p></li></ul></div>
</p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">On platforms that support <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bsdinstall&amp;sektion=8&amp;manpath=freebsd-release-ports"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">bsdinstall</span>(8)</span></a> (currently
amd64, i386, pc98, and sparc64), these documents are generally available via the
Documentation menu during installation. Once the system is
installed, you can revisit this menu by re-running the
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bsdinstall&amp;sektion=8&amp;manpath=freebsd-release-ports"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">bsdinstall</span>(8)</span></a> utility. </p><div xmlns="" class="note"><h3 class="admontitle">Note: </h3><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">It is extremely important to read the errata for any
given release before installing it, to learn about any
<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">late-breaking news</span>&#8221;</span> or post-release problems.
The errata file accompanying each release (most likely right
next to this file) is already out of date by definition, but
other copies are kept updated on the Internet and should be
consulted as the <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">current errata</span>&#8221;</span> for this
release. These other copies of the errata are located at
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="uri"><a class="uri" href="../../../../releases/" target="_top">../../../../releases/</a></code> (as
well as any sites which keep up-to-date mirrors of this
location). </p></div></div><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="idp59566328"></a>4.2. Manual Pages</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">As with almost all <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">UNIX</span>® like operating systems, FreeBSD comes
with a set of on-line manual pages, accessed through the
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=man&amp;sektion=1&amp;manpath=freebsd-release-ports"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">man</span>(1)</span></a> command or through the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi" target="_top">hypertext manual
pages gateway</a> on the FreeBSD Web site. In general, the
manual pages provide information on the different commands and
APIs available to the FreeBSD user. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">In some cases, manual pages are written to give
information on particular topics. Notable examples of such
manual pages are <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tuning&amp;sektion=7&amp;manpath=freebsd-release-ports"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">tuning</span>(7)</span></a> (a guide to performance tuning),
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=security&amp;sektion=7&amp;manpath=freebsd-release-ports"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">security</span>(7)</span></a> (an introduction to FreeBSD security), and
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=style&amp;sektion=9&amp;manpath=freebsd-release-ports"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">style</span>(9)</span></a> (a style guide to kernel coding). </p></div><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="idp59581944"></a>4.3. Books and Articles</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Two highly-useful collections of FreeBSD-related information,
maintained by the FreeBSD Project,
are the FreeBSD Handbook and FreeBSD FAQ (Frequently Asked
Questions document). On-line versions of the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/" target="_top">Handbook</a>
and <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq/" target="_top">FAQ</a>
are always available from the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../docs.html" target="_top">FreeBSD Documentation
page</a> or its mirrors. If you install the
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">doc</code> distribution set, you can use a Web
browser to read the Handbook and FAQ locally. In particular,
note that the Handbook contains a step-by-step guide to
installing FreeBSD. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A number of on-line books and articles, also maintained by
the FreeBSD Project, cover more-specialized, FreeBSD-related topics.
This material spans a wide range of topics, from effective use
of the mailing lists, to dual-booting FreeBSD with other
operating systems, to guidelines for new committers. Like the
Handbook and FAQ, these documents are available from the FreeBSD
Documentation Page or in the <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">doc</code>
distribution set. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A listing of other books and documents about FreeBSD can be
found in the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/bibliography.html" target="_top">bibliography</a>
of the FreeBSD Handbook. Because of FreeBSD's strong <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">UNIX</span>® heritage,
many other articles and books written for <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">UNIX</span>® systems are
applicable as well, some of which are also listed in the
bibliography. </p></div></div><div class="sect1"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="acknowledgements"></a>5. Acknowledgments</h2></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">FreeBSD represents the cumulative work of many hundreds, if not
thousands, of individuals from around the world who have worked
countless hours to bring about this snapshot. For a
complete list of FreeBSD developers and contributors, please see
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/contributors/" target="_top"><span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Contributors
to FreeBSD</span>&#8221;</span></a> on the FreeBSD Web site or any of its
mirrors. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Special thanks also go to the many thousands of FreeBSD users
and testers all over the world, without whom this snapshot
simply would not have been possible. </p></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" align="center"><small>This file, and other release-related documents,
can be downloaded from <a href="https://www.FreeBSD.org/snapshots/">https://www.FreeBSD.org/snapshots/</a>.</small></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" align="center"><small>For questions about FreeBSD, read the
<a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/docs.html">documentation</a> before
contacting &lt;<a href="mailto:questions@FreeBSD.org">questions@FreeBSD.org</a>&gt;.</small></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" align="center"><small>All users of FreeBSD 11.0-STABLE should
subscribe to the &lt;<a href="mailto:stable@FreeBSD.org">stable@FreeBSD.org</a>&gt;
mailing list.</small></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" align="center"><small>For questions about this documentation,
e-mail &lt;<a href="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">doc@FreeBSD.org</a>&gt;.</small></p></body></html>

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