diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/books/handbook/x11/chapter.sgml b/zh_TW.Big5/books/handbook/x11/chapter.sgml
index 589bb36175..610842dcfa 100644
--- a/zh_TW.Big5/books/handbook/x11/chapter.sgml
+++ b/zh_TW.Big5/books/handbook/x11/chapter.sgml
@@ -25,193 +25,164 @@
概述
- FreeBSD uses X11 to provide users with
- a powerful graphical user interface. X11
- is an open-source implementation of the X Window System that
- includes both &xorg; and
- &xfree86;. &os; versions up to and
- including &os; 4.11-RELEASE and &os; 5.2.1-RELEASE
- will find the default installation to be
- &xfree86;, the X11 server released by
- The &xfree86; Project, Inc. As of &os; 5.3-RELEASE, the
- default and official flavor of X11 was changed to
- &xorg;, the X11 server developed by
- the X.Org Foundation.
+ FreeBSD 使用 X11 來提供使用者相當好用的 GUI 介面。
+ X11 是 X Window 系統(包括 &xorg;
+ 以及 &xfree86; 的開放原碼實作。
+ &os; 從 &os; 4.11-RELEASE 到 &os; 5.2.1-RELEASE
+ 可在預設的安裝程式內安裝 &xfree86;
+ (由 The &xfree86; Project, Inc 發行的 X11 server)。
+ 而 &os; 5.3-RELEASE 起，預設的 X11 改為
+ &xorg;(由 X.Org 基金會所開發的
+ X11 server)。
- This chapter will cover the installation and configuration
- of X11 with emphasis on
- &xorg;.
+ 本章主要是介紹 X11 軟體(&xorg;)
+ 的安裝與設定。
- For more information on the video hardware that X11
- supports, check either the &xorg; or &xfree86; web
- sites.
+ 欲知 X11 有支援的顯示方面硬體的話，請參閱 &xorg; 或 &xfree86; 的網站。
讀完這章，您將了解：
- The various components of the X Window System, and how they
- interoperate.
+ X Window 系統的各組成部份，以及它們是如何相互運作。
- How to install and configure X11.
+ 如何安裝、設定 X11。
- How to install and use different window managers.
+ 如何安裝並使用不同的 window managers。
- How to use &truetype; fonts in X11.
+ 如何在 X11 上使用 &truetype; 字型。
- How to set up your system for graphical logins
- (XDM).
+ 如何設定系統以使用圖形登入介面。
+ (XDM)
在開始閱讀這章之前，您需要︰
- Know how to install additional third-party
- software ().
+ 知道如何運用 ports、packages 來安裝軟體。
+ ()
- This chapter covers the installation and the configuration
- of both &xorg; and
- &xfree86; X11 servers. For the most
- part, configuration files, commands and syntaxes are identical.
- In the case where there are differences, both
- &xorg; and
- &xfree86; syntaxes will be
- shown.
+ 本章會介紹 &xorg; 以及
+ &xfree86; 的 X11 server 安裝、設定。
+ 大致而言，它們的設定檔、相關指令、語法會有些不同。
+ 所以遇到這種不同情況時，我們會標註 &xorg;
+ 以及 &xfree86; 的不同處。
- Understanding X
+ 瞭解 X 的世界
- Using X for the first time can be somewhat of a shock to someone
- familiar with other graphical environments, such as µsoft.windows; or
- &macos;.
+ 第一次接觸 X 的人，大概都會有些震撼，尤其是熟悉其他 GUI 介面(像是
+ µsoft.windows; 或 &macos;)的使用者。
- While it is not necessary to understand all of the details of various
- X components and how they interact, some basic knowledge makes
- it possible to take advantage of X's strengths.
+ 雖然 X 各元件的所有細節及運作方式，並不是必須要知道的。
+ 但對它們有些基本概念會更容易上手。
- Why X?
+ 為何叫做 X？
- X is not the first window system written for &unix;, but it is the
- most popular of them. X's original development team had worked on another
- window system prior to writing X. That system's name was
- W
(for Window
). X was just the next
- letter in the Roman alphabet.
+ X 並非 &unix; 上第一套視窗系統，但它卻是最廣為流傳運用。
+ 原本的 X 研發團隊在研發 X 之前有開發另一套視窗系統。 那套系統叫做
+ W
(取 Window
的第一個字)。
+ 而 X 則是 W 之後的下一個羅馬字母。
- X can be called X
, X Window System
,
- X11
, and a number of other terms. You may find
- that using the term X Windows
to describe X11
- can be offensive to some people; for a bit more insight on
- this, see &man.X.7;.
+ X 亦被稱之為 X
、X Window System
、
+ X11
，以及其他一些詞彙。 使用 X Windows
+ 這字眼來稱呼 X11，可能會讓有些人不爽；這部分細節可參閱 &man.X.7;
+ 說明。
- The X Client/Server Model
+ X 的 Client/Server 架構
- X was designed from the beginning to be network-centric, and
- adopts a client-server
model.
+ X 一開始是設計為網路架構環境，並採用
+ client-server
架構。
- In the X model, the
- X server
runs on the computer that has the keyboard,
- monitor, and mouse attached. The server's responsibility includes tasks such as managing
- the display, handling input from the keyboard and mouse, and so on.
- Each X application (such as XTerm, or
- &netscape;) is a client
. A
- client sends messages to the server such as Please draw a
- window at these coordinates
, and the server sends back
- messages such as The user just clicked on the OK
- button
.
+ 在 X 架構下，
+ X server
是在有鍵盤、螢幕、滑鼠的電腦上運作。
+ 而 server 部份則是負責像是顯示部份的管理、
+ 處理來自鍵盤、滑鼠方面的輸入等等，
+ 每個 X 程式(像是 XTerm，或
+ &netscape;)都是 client
。
+ client 會傳訊息到 server 上，比如：Please draw a
+ window at these coordinates
，接著 server 會傳回訊息，比如：
+ The user just clicked on the OK button
。
- In a home or small
- office environment, the X server and the X clients commonly run on
- the same computer. However, it is perfectly possible to run the X
- server on a less powerful desktop computer, and run X applications
- (the clients) on, say, the powerful and expensive machine that serves
- the office. In this scenario the communication between the X client
- and server takes place over the network.
+ 在家庭或小辦公室環境，通常 X server 跟 X client
+ 都是在同一台電腦上執行的。 然而，也可以在比較爛的桌機上執行 X server，
+ 並在比較強、比較貴的電腦上跑 X 程式(client)來做事情。
+ 在這種場景，X client 與 server 之間的溝通就需透過網路來進行。
- This confuses some people, because the X terminology is
- exactly backward to what they expect. They expect the X
- server
to be the big powerful machine down the hall, and
- the X client
to be the machine on their desk.
+ 這點可能會讓有些人產生困惑，因為 X 術語與他們原本的認知剛好相反。
+ 他們原本以為 X server
是要在最強悍的機器上跑才行，而
+ X client
則是在他們桌機上面跑。
- It is important to remember that the X server is the machine with the monitor and
- keyboard, and the X clients are the programs that display the
- windows.
+ 有點相當重要，請記住 X server 是在有接螢幕、鍵盤的機器上運作，
+ 而 X client 則是顯示這些視窗的程式。
- There is nothing in the protocol that forces the client and
- server machines to be running the same operating system, or even to
- be running on the same type of computer. It is certainly possible to
- run an X server on µsoft.windows; or Apple's &macos;, and there are
- various free and commercial applications available that do exactly
- that.
+ 協定(protocol)內並無強制規定 client 以及 server
+ 兩邊機器都得是同一作業系統，或者得是同型機器才可以。
+ 換句話說，也可以在 µsoft.windows; 或蘋果電腦(Apple)的 &macos;
+ 上跑 X server，而且可以透過許多免費或商業軟體完成這些安裝、設定。
+
- Starting with &os; 5.3-RELEASE, the X server that
- installs with &os; is &xorg;,
- and is available for free, under a
- license very similar to the FreeBSD license. Commercial X servers for
- FreeBSD are also available.
+ 自 &os; 5.3-RELEASE 起，&os; 所裝的 X server 則是
+ &xorg;，
+ 它是採以相當類似 FreeBSD license 的授權方式，並且可自由使用。
+ 當然也有商業 X servers 的 FreeBSD 版。
The Window Manager
- The X design philosophy is much like the &unix; design philosophy,
- tools, not policy
. This means that X does not try to
- dictate how a task is to be accomplished. Instead, tools are provided
- to the user, and it is the user's responsibility to decide how to use
- those tools.
+ X 設計哲學與 &unix; 設計哲學相當類似，都是
+ tools, not policy
。 也就是說，X
+ 不會試圖強制規定某任務應該要如何完成，而是只提供使用者一些工具，
+ 至於如何運用這些工具，則是使用者本身的事了。
- This philosophy extends to X not dictating what windows should
- look like on screen, how to move them around with the mouse, what
- keystrokes should be used to move between windows (i.e.,
+ X 延續這哲學，它並不規定：螢幕上的視窗該長什麼樣、要如何移動滑鼠指標、
+ 該用什麼組合鍵來切換各視窗(比如：在 µsoft.windows; 的
Alt
Tab
- , in the case of µsoft.windows;), what the title bars
- on each window should look like, whether or not they have close
- buttons on them, and so on.
+ 鍵)、各視窗的標題列長相，以及是否該有關閉鈕等等。
- Instead, X delegates this responsibility to an application called
- a Window Manager
. There are dozens of window
- managers available for X: AfterStep,
- Blackbox, ctwm,
- Enlightenment,
- fvwm, Sawfish,
- twm,
- Window Maker, and more. Each of these
- window managers provides a different look and feel; some of them
- support virtual desktops
; some of them allow customized
- keystrokes to manage the desktop; some have a Start
- button or similar device; some are themeable
, allowing
- a complete change of look-and-feel by applying a new theme. These
- window managers, and many more, are available in the
- x11-wm category of the Ports Collection.
+ 事實上，X 把這部分交給所謂的 Window Manager
來管理。
+ 有一堆 window manager 程式，像是: AfterStep
+ 、Blackbox、ctwm
+ 、Enlightenment、
+ fvwm、Sawfish、
+ twm、
+ Window Maker 等等。每一種 window manager
+ 都提供不同的使用經驗； 有些還可使用 virtual desktops(虛擬桌面)
+
；有些則可自訂組合鍵來管理桌面；有些會有 Start(開始)
+
鈕或其他類似設計；有些則是 可更換佈景主題
，
+ 可自行安裝新的佈景主題以更換外觀。 這些跟其他的
+ window manager 在 Ports Collection 內的
+ x11-wm 目錄內都有。
- In addition, the KDE and
- GNOME desktop environments both have their
- own window managers which integrate with the desktop.
+ 此外，KDE 及
+ GNOME 桌面環境則有其自屬並整合完整的
+ window manager。
- Each window manager also has a different configuration mechanism;
- some expect configuration file written by hand, others feature
- GUI tools for most of the configuration tasks; at least one
- (Sawfish) has a configuration file written
- in a dialect of the Lisp language.
+ 每個 window manager 也各有其不同的設定機制；有些需手動寫設定檔，
+ 而有的則可透過 GUI 工具來完成大部分的設定。舉個例子：
+ Sawfish 就有以 Lisp 語言寫的設定檔。
+
Focus Policy
@@ -1435,11 +1406,7 @@ DisplayManager.requestPort: 0
Installing GNOME
The easiest way to install
- GNOME is through the
- Desktop Configuration
menu during the FreeBSD
- installation process as described in of Chapter 2. It can also
- be easily installed from a package or the ports
+ GNOME is installed from a package or the ports
collection:
To install the GNOME package
@@ -1606,10 +1573,7 @@ DisplayManager.requestPort: 0
Just as with GNOME or any
other desktop environment, the easiest way to install
- KDE is through the Desktop
- Configuration
menu during the FreeBSD installation
- process as described in of Chapter
- 2. Once again, the software can be easily installed from a package
+ KDE is installed from a package
or from the Ports Collection:
To install the KDE package