Add a section on installing and using XDM.
Submitted by: Seth Kingsley <seth.kingsley@windriver.com>
This commit is contained in:
Murray Stokely
parent
971bf49b7a
commit
d65b84fa77
Notes:
svn2git
2020-12-08 03:00:23 +00:00
svn path=/head/; revision=9487
5 changed files with 443 additions and 7 deletions
|
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@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
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builds for the other languages, and we will poke fun of you
|
||||
in public.
|
||||
|
||||
$FreeBSD: doc/en_US.ISO_8859-1/books/handbook/authors.ent,v 1.158 2001/05/02 01:26:05 murray Exp $
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$FreeBSD: doc/en_US.ISO_8859-1/books/handbook/authors.ent,v 1.159 2001/05/18 22:49:53 pirzyk Exp $
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||||
-->
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<!ENTITY a.abial "Andrzej Bialecki <email>abial@FreeBSD.org</email>">
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@ -524,6 +524,8 @@
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|||
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<!ENTITY a.semenu "Ustimenko Semen <email>semenu@FreeBSD.org</email>">
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<!ENTITY a.sethk "Seth Kingsley <email>seth.kingsley@windriver.com</email>">
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||||
<!ENTITY a.sf "FUJISHIMA Satsuki <email>sf@FreeBSD.org</email>">
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<!ENTITY a.shafeeq "Shafeeq Sinnamohideen <email>shafeeq@FreeBSD.org</email>">
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|
|
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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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<!--
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||||
The FreeBSD Documentation Project
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||||
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||||
$FreeBSD: doc/en_US.ISO_8859-1/books/handbook/x11/chapter.sgml,v 1.13 2000/10/25 03:02:20 murray Exp $
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||||
$FreeBSD: doc/en_US.ISO_8859-1/books/handbook/x11/chapter.sgml,v 1.14 2001/04/01 01:42:35 dd Exp $
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||||
-->
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||||
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<chapter id="x11">
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|
|
@ -12,7 +12,8 @@
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url="http://www.wccdrom.com/titles/freebsd/bsdcomp_bkx.phtml">The
|
||||
Complete FreeBSD</ulink>, and remains copyright of him.
|
||||
Modifications for the handbook made by &a.jim;. The section on
|
||||
fonts in XFree86 was contributed by &a.murray;.</emphasis></para>
|
||||
fonts in XFree86 was contributed by &a.murray; and the section on
|
||||
XDM was contributed by &a.sethk;.</emphasis></para>
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||||
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<sect1>
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<title>Synopsis</title>
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@ -1386,6 +1387,220 @@ For further configuration, refer to /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/doc/README.Config.</scree
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="x-xdm">
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<title>The X Display Manager</title>
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<sect2>
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<title>Overview</title>
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<para>The X Display Manager (XDM) is an optional part of the X
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Window System that is used for login session management. This is
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useful for several types of situations, including minimal
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<quote>X Terminals</quote> (see section
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<xref linkend="term-x">), desktops, and large network display
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servers. Since the X Window System is network and protocol
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independent, there are a wide variety of possible configurations
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for running X clients and servers on different machines
|
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connected by a network. XDM provides a graphical interface for
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choosing which display server to connect to, and entering
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authorization information such as a login and password
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combination.</para>
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<para>You may think of XDM as providing the same functionality to
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the user as the &man.getty.8; utility (see <xref
|
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linkend="term-getty"> for details). That is, it performs system
|
||||
logins to the display being connected to and then runs a session
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manager on behalf of the user (usually an X window manager). XDM
|
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then waits for this program to exit, signalling that the user is
|
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done and should be logged out of the display. At this point, XDM
|
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can display the login and display chooser screens for the next
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user to login.</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Using XDM</title>
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<para>The XDM daemon program is located in
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<filename>/usr/X11R6/bin/xdm</filename>. You can run this
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program at any time as root and it will start managing the X
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display on the local machine. If you want XDM to run in the
|
||||
background every time the machine boots up, a convenient way to
|
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do this is by adding an entry to <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>.
|
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For more information about the format and usage of this file,
|
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see <xref linkend="term-etcttys">. There is a line in the
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default <filename>/etc/ttys</filename> file for running the xdm
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daemon on a virtual terminal:
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<screen>
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ttyv8 "/usr/X11R6/bin/xdm -nodaemon" xterm off secure
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</screen>
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By default this entry is disabled, and in order to enable it you
|
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will need to change field 5 from <literal>off</literal> to
|
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<literal>on</literal> and then restart &man.init.8; using the
|
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directions in <xref linkend="term-hup">. The first field, the
|
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name of the terminal this program will manage, is
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<literal>ttyv8</literal>. This means that XDM will start running
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on the 9th virtual terminal.</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Configuring XDM</title>
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<para>The XDM configuration directory is located in
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<filename>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xdm</filename>. In this directory
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you will see several files used to change the behavior and
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appearence of XDM. Typically you will find these files:</para>
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<informaltable>
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<tgroup cols="2">
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<thead>
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<row>
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<entry>File</entry>
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<entry>Description</entry>
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</row>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry><filename>Xaccess</filename></entry>
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<entry>Client authorization ruleset.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><filename>Xresources</filename></entry>
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<entry>Default X resource values.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><filename>Xservers</filename></entry>
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<entry>List of remote and local displays to manage.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><filename>Xsession</filename></entry>
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<entry>Default session script for logins.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><filename>Xsetup_</filename>*</entry>
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<entry></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><filename>xdm-config</filename></entry>
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<entry>Global configuration for all displays running on
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this machine.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><filename>xdm-errors</filename></entry>
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<entry>Errors generated by the server program.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><filename>xdm-pid</filename></entry>
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<entry>The process ID of the currently running XDM.</entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</informaltable>
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<para>Also in this directory are a few scripts and programs used
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to setup the desktop when XDM is running. In the next few
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sections I will briefly describe the purpose of each of these
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files. The exact syntax and usage of all of these files is
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described in &man.xdm.1;</para>
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<para>The default configuration is a simple rectangular login
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window with the hostname of the machine displayed at the top in
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a large font and <quote>Login:</quote> and
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<quote>Password:</quote> prompts below. This is a good starting
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point if you are planning to design your own look and feel for
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the XDM screens.</para>
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<sect3>
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<title>Xaccess</title>
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<para>The protocol for connecting to XDM controlled displays is
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called the X Display Manager Connection Protocol (XDMCP). This
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file is basically just a ruleset for controlling XDMCP
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connections from remote machines. By default, it allows any
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client to connect, but you will see this will not matter
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because the default xdm-config file does not listen for remote
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connections.</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3>
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<title>Xresources</title>
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<para>This is an application-defaults file for the display
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chooser and the login screens. This is where you can customize
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the appearence of the login program. The format is identical
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to the app-defaults file described in the XFree86
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documentation.</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3>
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<title>Xservers</title>
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<para>This is a list of the remote displays the chooser should
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provide as choices.</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3>
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<title>Xsession</title>
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<para>This is the default session script for XDM to run after a
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user has logged in. Normally each user will have a customized
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session script in <filename>~/.xsessionrc</filename> that
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overrides this script.</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3>
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<title>Xsetup_*</title>
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<para>These files contain scripts that will be run automatically
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before displaying the chooser or login interfaces. There is a
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script for each display being used, named
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<filename>Xsetup_</filename>followed by the local display
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number (for instance <filename>Xsetup_0</filename>). Typically
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these scripts will run one or two programs in the background
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such as <filename>xconsole</filename>.</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3>
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<title>xdm-config</title>
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<para>This file contains settings in the form of app-defaults
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that are applicable to every display that this installation
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manages.</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3>
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<title>xdm-errors</title>
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<para>This file contains the output of the X servers that XDM is
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trying to run. If a display that XDM is trying to start hangs
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for some reason, this is a good place to look for error
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messages. These messages are also written to the user's
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~/.xsession-errors file on a per-session basis</para>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Running A Network Display Server</title>
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<para>In order for other clients to connect to your display
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server, you will need to edit the access control rules, and
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enable the connection listener. By default these are set to
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conservative values, which is a good descision security-wise. To
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get XDM to listen for connections first comment out a line in
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the <filename>xdm-config</filename> file:
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<screen>
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! SECURITY: do not listen for XDMCP or Chooser requests
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! Comment out this line if you want to manage X terminals with xdm
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DisplayManager.requestPort: 0
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</screen>
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|
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and then restart XDM. Remember that comments in app-defaults
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files begin with a <quote>!</quote> character, not a
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<quote>#</quote>. After this, you may need to put more strict
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access controls in place. Look at the example entries in
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<filename>Xaccess</filename> file, and refer to the &man.xdm.1;
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manual page.</para>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
|
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</chapter>
|
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|
||||
<!--
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
|
|||
builds for the other languages, and we will poke fun of you
|
||||
in public.
|
||||
|
||||
$FreeBSD: doc/en_US.ISO_8859-1/books/handbook/authors.ent,v 1.158 2001/05/02 01:26:05 murray Exp $
|
||||
$FreeBSD: doc/en_US.ISO_8859-1/books/handbook/authors.ent,v 1.159 2001/05/18 22:49:53 pirzyk Exp $
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY a.abial "Andrzej Bialecki <email>abial@FreeBSD.org</email>">
|
||||
|
|
@ -524,6 +524,8 @@
|
|||
|
||||
<!ENTITY a.semenu "Ustimenko Semen <email>semenu@FreeBSD.org</email>">
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY a.sethk "Seth Kingsley <email>seth.kingsley@windriver.com</email>">
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY a.sf "FUJISHIMA Satsuki <email>sf@FreeBSD.org</email>">
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY a.shafeeq "Shafeeq Sinnamohideen <email>shafeeq@FreeBSD.org</email>">
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
|
|||
builds for the other languages, and we will poke fun of you
|
||||
in public.
|
||||
|
||||
$FreeBSD: doc/en_US.ISO_8859-1/books/handbook/authors.ent,v 1.158 2001/05/02 01:26:05 murray Exp $
|
||||
$FreeBSD: doc/en_US.ISO_8859-1/books/handbook/authors.ent,v 1.159 2001/05/18 22:49:53 pirzyk Exp $
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY a.abial "Andrzej Bialecki <email>abial@FreeBSD.org</email>">
|
||||
|
|
@ -524,6 +524,8 @@
|
|||
|
||||
<!ENTITY a.semenu "Ustimenko Semen <email>semenu@FreeBSD.org</email>">
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY a.sethk "Seth Kingsley <email>seth.kingsley@windriver.com</email>">
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY a.sf "FUJISHIMA Satsuki <email>sf@FreeBSD.org</email>">
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY a.shafeeq "Shafeeq Sinnamohideen <email>shafeeq@FreeBSD.org</email>">
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
|||
<!--
|
||||
The FreeBSD Documentation Project
|
||||
|
||||
$FreeBSD: doc/en_US.ISO_8859-1/books/handbook/x11/chapter.sgml,v 1.13 2000/10/25 03:02:20 murray Exp $
|
||||
$FreeBSD: doc/en_US.ISO_8859-1/books/handbook/x11/chapter.sgml,v 1.14 2001/04/01 01:42:35 dd Exp $
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<chapter id="x11">
|
||||
|
|
@ -12,7 +12,8 @@
|
|||
url="http://www.wccdrom.com/titles/freebsd/bsdcomp_bkx.phtml">The
|
||||
Complete FreeBSD</ulink>, and remains copyright of him.
|
||||
Modifications for the handbook made by &a.jim;. The section on
|
||||
fonts in XFree86 was contributed by &a.murray;.</emphasis></para>
|
||||
fonts in XFree86 was contributed by &a.murray; and the section on
|
||||
XDM was contributed by &a.sethk;.</emphasis></para>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1>
|
||||
<title>Synopsis</title>
|
||||
|
|
@ -1386,6 +1387,220 @@ For further configuration, refer to /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/doc/README.Config.</scree
|
|||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="x-xdm">
|
||||
<title>The X Display Manager</title>
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>Overview</title>
|
||||
<para>The X Display Manager (XDM) is an optional part of the X
|
||||
Window System that is used for login session management. This is
|
||||
useful for several types of situations, including minimal
|
||||
<quote>X Terminals</quote> (see section
|
||||
<xref linkend="term-x">), desktops, and large network display
|
||||
servers. Since the X Window System is network and protocol
|
||||
independent, there are a wide variety of possible configurations
|
||||
for running X clients and servers on different machines
|
||||
connected by a network. XDM provides a graphical interface for
|
||||
choosing which display server to connect to, and entering
|
||||
authorization information such as a login and password
|
||||
combination.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>You may think of XDM as providing the same functionality to
|
||||
the user as the &man.getty.8; utility (see <xref
|
||||
linkend="term-getty"> for details). That is, it performs system
|
||||
logins to the display being connected to and then runs a session
|
||||
manager on behalf of the user (usually an X window manager). XDM
|
||||
then waits for this program to exit, signalling that the user is
|
||||
done and should be logged out of the display. At this point, XDM
|
||||
can display the login and display chooser screens for the next
|
||||
user to login.</para>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>Using XDM</title>
|
||||
<para>The XDM daemon program is located in
|
||||
<filename>/usr/X11R6/bin/xdm</filename>. You can run this
|
||||
program at any time as root and it will start managing the X
|
||||
display on the local machine. If you want XDM to run in the
|
||||
background every time the machine boots up, a convenient way to
|
||||
do this is by adding an entry to <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>.
|
||||
For more information about the format and usage of this file,
|
||||
see <xref linkend="term-etcttys">. There is a line in the
|
||||
default <filename>/etc/ttys</filename> file for running the xdm
|
||||
daemon on a virtual terminal:
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
ttyv8 "/usr/X11R6/bin/xdm -nodaemon" xterm off secure
|
||||
</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
By default this entry is disabled, and in order to enable it you
|
||||
will need to change field 5 from <literal>off</literal> to
|
||||
<literal>on</literal> and then restart &man.init.8; using the
|
||||
directions in <xref linkend="term-hup">. The first field, the
|
||||
name of the terminal this program will manage, is
|
||||
<literal>ttyv8</literal>. This means that XDM will start running
|
||||
on the 9th virtual terminal.</para>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>Configuring XDM</title>
|
||||
<para>The XDM configuration directory is located in
|
||||
<filename>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xdm</filename>. In this directory
|
||||
you will see several files used to change the behavior and
|
||||
appearence of XDM. Typically you will find these files:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<informaltable>
|
||||
<tgroup cols="2">
|
||||
<thead>
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry>File</entry>
|
||||
<entry>Description</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
</thead>
|
||||
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry><filename>Xaccess</filename></entry>
|
||||
<entry>Client authorization ruleset.</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry><filename>Xresources</filename></entry>
|
||||
<entry>Default X resource values.</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry><filename>Xservers</filename></entry>
|
||||
<entry>List of remote and local displays to manage.</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry><filename>Xsession</filename></entry>
|
||||
<entry>Default session script for logins.</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry><filename>Xsetup_</filename>*</entry>
|
||||
<entry></entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry><filename>xdm-config</filename></entry>
|
||||
<entry>Global configuration for all displays running on
|
||||
this machine.</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry><filename>xdm-errors</filename></entry>
|
||||
<entry>Errors generated by the server program.</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry><filename>xdm-pid</filename></entry>
|
||||
<entry>The process ID of the currently running XDM.</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</tgroup>
|
||||
</informaltable>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Also in this directory are a few scripts and programs used
|
||||
to setup the desktop when XDM is running. In the next few
|
||||
sections I will briefly describe the purpose of each of these
|
||||
files. The exact syntax and usage of all of these files is
|
||||
described in &man.xdm.1;</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The default configuration is a simple rectangular login
|
||||
window with the hostname of the machine displayed at the top in
|
||||
a large font and <quote>Login:</quote> and
|
||||
<quote>Password:</quote> prompts below. This is a good starting
|
||||
point if you are planning to design your own look and feel for
|
||||
the XDM screens.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect3>
|
||||
<title>Xaccess</title>
|
||||
<para>The protocol for connecting to XDM controlled displays is
|
||||
called the X Display Manager Connection Protocol (XDMCP). This
|
||||
file is basically just a ruleset for controlling XDMCP
|
||||
connections from remote machines. By default, it allows any
|
||||
client to connect, but you will see this will not matter
|
||||
because the default xdm-config file does not listen for remote
|
||||
connections.</para>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect3>
|
||||
<title>Xresources</title>
|
||||
<para>This is an application-defaults file for the display
|
||||
chooser and the login screens. This is where you can customize
|
||||
the appearence of the login program. The format is identical
|
||||
to the app-defaults file described in the XFree86
|
||||
documentation.</para>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect3>
|
||||
<title>Xservers</title>
|
||||
<para>This is a list of the remote displays the chooser should
|
||||
provide as choices.</para>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect3>
|
||||
<title>Xsession</title>
|
||||
<para>This is the default session script for XDM to run after a
|
||||
user has logged in. Normally each user will have a customized
|
||||
session script in <filename>~/.xsessionrc</filename> that
|
||||
overrides this script.</para>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect3>
|
||||
<title>Xsetup_*</title>
|
||||
<para>These files contain scripts that will be run automatically
|
||||
before displaying the chooser or login interfaces. There is a
|
||||
script for each display being used, named
|
||||
<filename>Xsetup_</filename>followed by the local display
|
||||
number (for instance <filename>Xsetup_0</filename>). Typically
|
||||
these scripts will run one or two programs in the background
|
||||
such as <filename>xconsole</filename>.</para>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect3>
|
||||
<title>xdm-config</title>
|
||||
<para>This file contains settings in the form of app-defaults
|
||||
that are applicable to every display that this installation
|
||||
manages.</para>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect3>
|
||||
<title>xdm-errors</title>
|
||||
<para>This file contains the output of the X servers that XDM is
|
||||
trying to run. If a display that XDM is trying to start hangs
|
||||
for some reason, this is a good place to look for error
|
||||
messages. These messages are also written to the user's
|
||||
~/.xsession-errors file on a per-session basis</para>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>Running A Network Display Server</title>
|
||||
<para>In order for other clients to connect to your display
|
||||
server, you will need to edit the access control rules, and
|
||||
enable the connection listener. By default these are set to
|
||||
conservative values, which is a good descision security-wise. To
|
||||
get XDM to listen for connections first comment out a line in
|
||||
the <filename>xdm-config</filename> file:
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
! SECURITY: do not listen for XDMCP or Chooser requests
|
||||
! Comment out this line if you want to manage X terminals with xdm
|
||||
DisplayManager.requestPort: 0
|
||||
</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
and then restart XDM. Remember that comments in app-defaults
|
||||
files begin with a <quote>!</quote> character, not a
|
||||
<quote>#</quote>. After this, you may need to put more strict
|
||||
access controls in place. Look at the example entries in
|
||||
<filename>Xaccess</filename> file, and refer to the &man.xdm.1;
|
||||
manual page.</para>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
</chapter>
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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