Add a new section explaining how to install and configure VirtualBox in FreeBSD. VirtualBox has recently been added to the Ports tree and supports FreeBSD as a host OS.
Reviewed by: keramida, rene, trhodes, danger, daichi, Daniel Seuffert <DS at praxisvermittlung24 dot de>
This commit is contained in:
Manolis Kiagias
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Notes:
svn2git
2020-12-08 03:00:23 +00:00
svn path=/head/; revision=34536
1 changed files with 109 additions and 5 deletions
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@ -963,12 +963,116 @@ xenbr1 8000.feffffffffff no vif0.1
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<sect1 id="virtualization-host">
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<title>FreeBSD as a Host OS</title>
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<para>FreeBSD is not officially supported by any virtualization
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package as a host operating system at this time, but many people
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use older versions of <application>VMware</application> in this capacity.
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Work is also ongoing in getting <application>&xen;</application> to
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work as a host environment on FreeBSD.</para>
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<para>For a number of years, &os; was not officially supported as a host
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OS by any of the available virtualization solutions. Some people were
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using older and mostly obsolete versions of
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<application>VMware</application> (like <filename
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role="package">emulators/vmware3</filename>), which utilized the
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&linux; binary compatibility layer. Shortly after the release of
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&os; 7.2, the Open Source Edition (<acronym>OSE</acronym>) of
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&sun;'s <application>VirtualBox</application> appeared in the
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Ports Collection as a native &os; program.</para>
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<para><application>VirtualBox</application> is an actively developed,
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complete virtualization package, that is available for most operating
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systems including &windows;, &macos;, &linux; and &os;. It is equally
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capable at running &windows; or &unix;-type guests. It comes in two
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flavors, an open source and a proprietary edition. From the user's
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point of view, perhaps the most important limitation of the
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<acronym>OSE</acronym> is the lack of USB support. Other differences
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may be found in the <quote>Editions</quote> page of the
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<application>VirtualBox</application> wiki, at <ulink
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url="http://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Editions"></ulink>.
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Currently, only the OSE is available for &os;.</para>
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<sect2 id="virtualization-virtualbox-install">
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<title>Installing VirtualBox</title>
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<para><application>VirtualBox</application> is available as a &os; port
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in <filename role="package">emulators/virtualbox</filename>, and
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may be installed using the following commands:</para>
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<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /usr/ports/emulators/virtualbox</userinput>
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&prompt.root; <userinput>make install clean</userinput></screen>
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<para>One useful option in the configuration dialog is the
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<literal>GuestAdditions</literal> suite of programs. These provide a
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number of useful features in guest operating systems, like mouse
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pointer integration (allowing the mouse to be shared between host
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and guest without the need to press a special keyboard shortcut to
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switch) and faster video rendering, especially in &windows; guests.
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The guest additions are available in the <guimenu>Devices</guimenu>
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menu, after the installation of the guest OS is finished.</para>
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<para>A few configuration changes are needed before
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<application>VirtualBox</application> is started for the first time.
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The port installs a kernel module in <filename
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class="directory">/boot/modules</filename> which must be loaded
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into the running kernel:</para>
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<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>kldload vboxdrv</userinput></screen>
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<para>To ensure the module always gets loaded after a reboot, add the
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following line to <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>:</para>
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<programlisting>vboxdrv_load="YES"</programlisting>
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<para><application>VirtualBox</application> also requires the
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<filename class="directory">proc</filename> file system to be
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mounted:</para>
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<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mount -t procfs proc /proc</userinput></screen>
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<para>To allow this setting to persist reboots, the following line
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is needed in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>:</para>
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<programlisting>proc /proc procfs rw 0 0</programlisting>
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<note>
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<para>If an error message similar to the following is observed
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when <application>VirtualBox</application> is run from
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the terminal:</para>
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<screen>VirtualBox: supR3HardenedExecDir: couldn't read "", errno=2 cchLink=-1</screen>
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<para>The most likely culprit will be the <filename
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class="directory">proc</filename> file system. Please use the
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<command>mount</command> command to check whether it is mounted
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properly.</para>
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</note>
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<para>The <groupname>vboxusers</groupname> group is created during
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the installation of <application>VirtualBox</application>.
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All users that need access to <application>VirtualBox</application>
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will have to be added as members of this group.
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The <command>pw</command> command may be used to add new
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members:</para>
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<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pw groupmod vboxusers -m <replaceable>yourusername</replaceable></userinput></screen>
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<para>To launch <application>VirtualBox</application>, either select
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the <guimenuitem>Sun VirtualBox</guimenuitem> item from your
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graphic environment's menu, or type the following in a
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terminal:</para>
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<screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>VirtualBox</userinput></screen>
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<para>For more information on configuring and using
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<application>VirtualBox</application>, please visit the official
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website at <ulink url="http://www.virtualbox.org"></ulink>.
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As the &os; port is very recent, it is under heavy development.
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For the latest information and troubleshooting instructions, please
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visit the relevant page in the &os; wiki, at <ulink
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url="http://wiki.freebsd.org/VirtualBox"></ulink>.</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="virtualization-other">
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<title>Other Virtualization Options</title>
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<para>There is ongoing work in getting <application>&xen;</application>
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to work as a host environment on &os;. An experimental version of
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this will appear in &os; 8.0.</para>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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</chapter>
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