A little more details on adding a disk.

svn path=/head/; revision=2796

handbook/disks.sgml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <!-- This is an SGML document in the linuxdoc DTD describing
      Disks and FreeBSD.  By David O'Brien, 1998.
 
-     $Id: disks.sgml,v 1.1 1998-04-30 10:31:02 obrien Exp $
+     $Id: disks.sgml,v 1.2 1998-05-13 19:02:29 obrien Exp $
 
      The FreeBSD Documentation Project
 
@@ -23,8 +23,112 @@
 
     <p><em>Contributed by &a.obrien;<newline>26 April 1998</em>
 
-    <sect><heading> * Using systinstall</heading>
-    <sect><heading> * Using command line utilities</heading>
-    <sect1><heading> * Creating Slices</heading>
-    <sect1><heading> * Dedicated</heading>
+	<p>Lets say we want to add a new SCSI disk to a machine that currently
+	only has a single drive.  First turn off the computer and install the
+	drive in the computer following the instructions of the computer,
+	controller, and drive manufacturer.  Due the wide variations of procedures
+	to do this, the details are beyond the scope of this document.
+
+	Login as user <it>root</it>.  After you've installed the drive,
+	inspect <tt>/var/run/dmesg.boot</tt> to ensure the new disk was found.
+	Continuing with our example, the newly added drive will be <tt>sd1</tt>
+	and we want to mount it on <tt>/1</tt>.
+	(if you are adding an IDE drive substitute <tt>wd</tt> for <tt>sd</tt>)
+
+	Because FreeBSD runs on IBM-PC compatible computers, it must take into
+	account the PC BIOS partitions.  These are different from the traditional
+	BSD partitions.  A PC disk has up to four BIOS partition entries.  If the
+	disk is going to be truly dedicated to FreeBSD, you can use the
+	<it>dedicated</it> mode.  Otherwise, FreeBSD will have to live with in
+	one of the PC BIOS partitions.  FreeBSD calls the PC BIOS partitions,
+	<it>slices</it> so as not to confuse them with traditional BSD
+	partitions.  You may also use slices on a disk that is dedicated to
+	FreeBSD, but used in a computer that also has another operating system
+	installed.  This is not confuse the <tt>fdisk</tt> utility of the other
+	operating system.
+
+	In the slice case the drive will be added as <tt>/dev/sd1s1e</tt>.
+	This is read as:  SCSI disk, unit number 1 (second SCSI disk), slice 1
+	(PC BIOS partition 1), and <tt>e</tt> BSD partition.
+	In the dedicated case, the drive will be added simply as <tt>/dev/sd1e</tt>.
+
+    <sect><heading> Using systinstall</heading>
+	<p> You may use <tt>/stand/sysinstall</tt> to partition and label a new
+	disk using its easy to use menus.  Either login as user <it>root</it>
+	or use the <tt>su</tt> command.  Run <tt>/stand/sysinstall</tt> and enter
+	the <it>Configure</it> menu.  With in the <tt>FreeBSD Configuration
+	Menu</tt>, scroll down and select the <it>Partition</it> item.  Next you
+	should be presented with a list of hard drives installed in your system.
+	If you do not see <tt>sd1</tt> listed, you need to recheck your physical
+	installation and <tt>dmesg</tt> output in the file
+	<tt>/var/run/dmesg.boot</tt>.
+
+	Select <tt>sd1</tt> to enter the <tt>FDISK Partition Editor</tt>.
+	Choose <tt>A</tt> to use the entire disk for FreeBSD.  When asked if you
+	want to ``remain cooperative with any future possible operating systems'',
+	answer <it>YES</it>.  Write the changes to the disk using <it>W</it>.
+	Now exit the FDISK editor using <it>q</it>.
+	Next you will be asked about the Master Boot Record.  Since you are
+	adding a disk to an already running system, choose <it>None</it>.
+
+	Next enter the <it>Disk Label Editor</it>.  This is where you will
+	create the traditional BSD partitions.  A disk can have up to eight
+	partitions, labeled a-h.  A few of the partition labels have special
+	uses.  The <it>a</it> partition is used for the root partition (/).
+	A system should only use the <it>a</it> partition on the system disk.
+	The <it>b</it> is used for swap partitions, and you may have many
+	disks with swap partitions.  The <it>c</it> partition addresses the
+	entire disk in dedicated mode, or the entire FreeBSD slice in slice
+	mode.  The other partitions are for general use.
+
+	Sysinstall's Label editor favors the <it>e</it> partition for non-root,
+	non-swap partitions.  With in the Label editor, create a single file
+	system using <it>C</it>.  When prompted if this will be a FS (file 
+	system) or swap, choose ``FS'' and give a mount point.  Use
+	<tt>/mnt</tt>.  When adding a disk in post-install mode, Sysinstall
+	will not create entries in <tt>/etc/fstab</tt> for you.  So the
+	mount point you specify isn't important.
+
+	You are now ready to write the new label to the disk and create a
+	file system on it.  Do this by hitting <it>W</it>.  Ignore any errors
+	from Sysinstall that it could not mount the new partition.  Exit
+	the Label Editor and Sysinstall completely.
+
+	The last step is to edit <tt>/etc/fstab</tt> to add an entry for your
+	new disk.
+
+    <sect><heading> Using command line utilities</heading>
+
+    <sect1><heading> * Using Slices</heading>
+
+    <sect1><heading> Dedicated</heading>
+	<p>If you will not be sharing the new drive with another operating system,
+	you may use the <it>dedicated</it> mode.  Remember this mode can confuse
+	Microsoft operating systems; however, no damage will be done by them.
+    <tscreen><verb>
+	dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/rsd1 bs=1k count=1
+	disklabel -Brw sd1 auto
+	disklabel -e sd1				# create the `e' partition
+	newfs -d0 /dev/rsd1e
+	mkdir -p /1
+	vi /etc/fstab					# add an entry for /dev/sd1e
+	mount /1
+    </verb></tscreen>
+
+	An alternate method is:
+	
+    <tscreen><verb>
+	dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/rsd1 count=2
+	disklabel /dev/rsd1 | disklabel -BrR sd1 /dev/stdin
+	newfs /dev/rsd1c
+	mkdir -p /1
+	vi /etc/fstab					# add an entry for /dev/sd1e
+	mount /1
+    </verb></tscreen>
+
+
+    <sect><heading> * Non-traditional Drives</heading>
+    <sect1><heading> * Zip Drives</heading>
+    <sect1><heading> * Jazz Drives</heading>
+    <sect1><heading> * Sequest Drives</heading>