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This patch does the following:

Browse source 
- replaces FreeBSD with entity
- adds acronym tags for instances of PPP that refer to the protocol, the instances that refer to the app still need to be fixed
- comments out "26.5.1. Using PPPoA with the Alcatel SpeedTouch USB" as the port it relies on has been broken for 4 years
- fixes internal links

This will be followed by a white space fix.
This commit is contained in:
Dru Lavigne 2013-10-17 21:56:10 +00:00
parent 478a8bda84
commit ddbe7d0742
Notes: svn2git 2020-12-08 03:00:23 +00:00 
svn path=/head/; revision=42992
1 changed files with 77 additions and 90 deletions

167
en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.xml
View file

@ -18,47 +18,40 @@
</chapterinfo>
-->
<title>PPP</title>
<title><acronym>PPP</acronym></title>
<sect1 id="ppp-and-slip-synopsis">
<title>Synopsis</title>
<indexterm id="ppp-ppp">
<primary>PPP</primary>
<primary><acronym>PPP</acronym></primary>
</indexterm>
<para>FreeBSD has a number of ways to link one computer to
<para>&os; has a number of ways to link one computer to
another. To establish a network or Internet connection through
a dial-up modem, or to allow others to do so through you,
requires the use of PPP. This chapter describes setting
requires the use of <acronym>PPP</acronym>. This chapter describes setting
up these modem-based communication services in detail.</para>
<para>After reading this chapter, you will know:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>How to set up user PPP.</para>
<para>How to set configure <acronym>PPP</acronym>.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>How to set up <acronym>PPPoE</acronym> (PPP over
Ethernet).</para>
<para>How to set up <acronym>PPP</acronym> over Ethernet (<acronym>PPPoE</acronym>).</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>How to set up <acronym>PPPoA</acronym> (PPP over
ATM).</para>
<para>How to set up <acronym>PPP</acronym> over ATM (<acronym>PPPoA</acronym>).</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary>
<secondary>user PPP</secondary>
<primary><acronym>PPP</acronym></primary>
</indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary>
<secondary>kernel PPP</secondary>
</indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary>
<primary><acronym>PPP</acronym></primary>
<secondary>over Ethernet</secondary>
</indexterm>
@ -70,7 +63,7 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Understand the basics and purpose of a dialup connection
and PPP.</para>
and <acronym>PPP</acronym>.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect1>
@ -110,14 +103,14 @@
</sect1info>
-->
<title>Configuring PPP</title>
<title>Configuring <acronym>PPP</acronym></title>
<para>This document assumes you have the following:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>An account with an Internet Service Provider (ISP)<indexterm id="ppp-isp"><primary>ISP</primary></indexterm>
which you connect to using PPP<indexterm id="ppp-ppp2"><primary>PPP</primary></indexterm>.</para>
<para>An account with an Internet Service Provider (<acronym>ISP</acronym>)
which you connect to using <acronym>PPP</acronym>.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
@ -131,20 +124,18 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Your login name<indexterm id="ppp-login"><primary>login name</primary></indexterm> and password<indexterm id="ppp-password"><primary>password</primary></indexterm>. (Either a
regular &unix;<indexterm id="ppp-unix"><primary>UNIX</primary></indexterm> style login and password pair, or a PAP<indexterm id="ppp-pap"><primary>PAP</primary></indexterm>
or CHAP<indexterm id="ppp-chap"><primary>CHAP</primary></indexterm> login and password pair).</para>
<para>The login name and password assigned by the ISP.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>The IP address of one or more name servers<indexterm id="ppp-nameserver"><primary>nameserver</primary></indexterm>.
<para>The IP address of one or more name servers.
Normally, you will be given two IP addresses by your
ISP to use for this. If they have not given you at
least one, then you can use the <command>enable
dns</command> command in <filename>ppp.conf</filename>
and <application>ppp</application> will set the name
servers for you. This feature depends on your ISPs
PPP implementation supporting DNS negotiation.</para>
servers for you. This feature depends on your ISP's
<acronym>PPP</acronym> implementation supporting DNS negotiation.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
@ -313,7 +304,7 @@
<term>Line 6 &amp; 7:</term>
<listitem>
<para>The dial string. User PPP<indexterm><primary>PPP</primary><secondary>user PPP</secondary></indexterm> uses an expect-send
<para>The dial string. PPP uses an expect-send
syntax similar to the &man.chat.8; program. Refer
to the manual page for information on the features
of this language.</para>
@ -410,9 +401,9 @@
<listitem>
<para>If you are using PAP<indexterm><primary>PAP</primary></indexterm> or CHAP<indexterm><primary>CHAP</primary></indexterm>, there will be no
login at this point, and this line should be
commented out or removed. See <link
linkend="userppp-PAPnCHAP">PAP and CHAP
authentication</link> for further details.</para>
commented out or removed. See <xref
linkend="userppp-PAPnCHAP"/>
for further details.</para>
<para>The login string is of the same chat-like
syntax as the dial string. In this example, the
@ -461,9 +452,8 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
use a <quote>guessed</quote> address, make sure that
you create an entry in
<filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.linkup</filename> as per the
instructions for <link
linkend="userppp-dynamicIP">PPP and Dynamic IP
addresses</link>. If this line is omitted,
instructions in <xref
linkend="userppp-dynamicIP"/>. If this line is omitted,
<command>ppp</command> cannot run in
<option>-auto</option> mode.</para>
</listitem>
@ -502,10 +492,10 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="userppp-dynamicIP">
<title>PPP With Dynamic IP Addresses</title>
<title><acronym>PPP</acronym> With Dynamic IP Addresses</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary>
<primary><acronym>PPP</acronym></primary>
<secondary>with dynamic IP addresses</secondary>
</indexterm>
@ -519,9 +509,8 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
<quote>guessing</quote> an IP address and allowing
<command>ppp</command> to set it up correctly using the IP
Configuration Protocol (IPCP) after connecting. The
<filename>ppp.conf</filename> configuration is the same as
<link linkend="userppp-staticIP">PPP and Static IP
Addresses</link>, with the following change:</para>
<filename>ppp.conf</filename> configuration is the same as that described in
<xref linkend="userppp-staticIP"/>, with the following change:</para>
<programlisting>17 set ifaddr 10.0.0.1/0 10.0.0.2/0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0</programlisting>
@ -607,7 +596,7 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
<title>Receiving Incoming Calls</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary>
<primary><acronym>PPP</acronym></primary>
<secondary>receiving incoming calls</secondary>
</indexterm>
@ -627,8 +616,8 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
<sect2>
<title>Which getty?</title>
<para><link linkend="dialup">Configuring FreeBSD for
Dial-up Services</link> provides a good description
<para><xref linkend="dialup"/>
provides a good description
on enabling dial-up services using &man.getty.8;.</para>
<para>An alternative to <command>getty</command> is <ulink
@ -645,11 +634,11 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
<para>Later versions of <command>mgetty</command> (from
0.99beta onwards) also support the automatic detection of
PPP streams, allowing your clients script-less access to
<acronym>PPP</acronym> streams, allowing your clients script-less access to
your server.</para>
<para>Refer to <link linkend="userppp-mgetty">Mgetty and
AutoPPP</link> for more information on
<para>Refer to <xref linkend="userppp-mgetty"/>
for more information on
<command>mgetty</command>.</para>
</sect2>
@ -677,10 +666,10 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>PPP Shells for Dynamic IP Users</title>
<title><acronym>PPP</acronym> Shells for Dynamic IP Users</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP shells</primary>
<primary><acronym>PPP</acronym> shells</primary>
</indexterm>
<para>Create a file called
@ -710,7 +699,7 @@ exec /usr/sbin/ppp -direct $IDENT</programlisting>
<para>You should use this script as the
<emphasis>shell</emphasis> for all of your dialup users.
This is an example from <filename>/etc/passwd</filename>
for a dialup PPP user with username
for a dialup <acronym>PPP</acronym> user with username
<username>pchilds</username> (remember do not directly
edit the password file, use &man.vipw.8;).</para>
@ -729,10 +718,10 @@ exec /usr/sbin/ppp -direct $IDENT</programlisting>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>PPP Shells for Static IP Users</title>
<title><acronym>PPP</acronym> Shells for Static IP Users</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP shells</primary>
<primary><acronym>PPP</acronym> shells</primary>
</indexterm>
<para>Create the <filename>ppp-shell</filename> file as
@ -841,7 +830,7 @@ mary:
role="package">comms/mgetty+sendfax</filename> port
comes with the <literal>AUTO_PPP</literal> option enabled
allowing <command>mgetty</command> to detect the LCP
phase of PPP connections and automatically spawn off a
phase of <acronym>PPP</acronym> connections and automatically spawn off a
ppp shell. However, since the default login/password
sequence does not occur it is necessary to authenticate
users using either PAP or CHAP.</para>
@ -859,7 +848,7 @@ mary:
<para>This will tell <command>mgetty</command> to run the
<filename>ppp-pap-dialup</filename> script for detected
PPP connections.</para>
<acronym>PPP</acronym> connections.</para>
<para>Create a file called
<filename>/etc/ppp/ppp-pap-dialup</filename> containing
@ -907,14 +896,14 @@ exec /usr/sbin/ppp -direct pap$IDENT</programlisting>
</indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary>
<primary><acronym>PPP</acronym></primary>
<secondary>Microsoft extensions</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>It is possible to configure PPP to supply DNS and
NetBIOS nameserver addresses on demand.</para>
<para>To enable these extensions with PPP version 1.x, the
<para>To enable these extensions with <acronym>PPP</acronym> version 1.x, the
following lines might be added to the relevant section
of <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename>.</para>
@ -922,7 +911,7 @@ exec /usr/sbin/ppp -direct pap$IDENT</programlisting>
set ns 203.14.100.1 203.14.100.2
set nbns 203.14.100.5</programlisting>
<para>And for PPP version 2 and above:</para>
<para>And for <acronym>PPP</acronym> version 2 and above:</para>
<programlisting>accept dns
set dns 203.14.100.1 203.14.100.2
@ -933,7 +922,7 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5</programlisting>
host.</para>
<para>In version 2 and above, if the
<literal>set dns</literal> line is omitted, PPP will
<literal>set dns</literal> line is omitted, <acronym>PPP</acronym> will
use the values found in
<filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>.</para>
</sect2>
@ -948,7 +937,7 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5</programlisting>
either of the PAP or CHAP authentication mechanisms. If
this is the case, your ISP will not give a
<prompt>login:</prompt> prompt when you connect, but will
start talking PPP immediately.</para>
start talking <acronym>PPP</acronym> immediately.</para>
<para>PAP is less secure than CHAP, but security is not
normally an issue here as passwords, although being sent
@ -956,11 +945,11 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5</programlisting>
serial line only. There is not much room for crackers
to <quote>eavesdrop</quote>.</para>
<para>Referring back to the <link
linkend="userppp-staticIP">PPP and Static IP
addresses</link> or <link
linkend="userppp-dynamicIP">PPP and Dynamic IP
addresses</link> sections, the following alterations must
<para>Referring back to <xref
linkend="userppp-staticIP"/>
or <xref
linkend="userppp-dynamicIP"/>,
the following alterations must
be made:</para>
<programlisting>13 set authname <replaceable>MyUserName</replaceable>
@ -1035,11 +1024,11 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5</programlisting>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="userppp-nat">
<title>Using PPP Network Address Translation
<title>Using <acronym>PPP</acronym> Network Address Translation
Capability</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary><secondary>NAT</secondary>
<primary><acronym>PPP</acronym></primary><secondary>NAT</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>PPP has ability to use internal NAT without kernel
@ -1049,7 +1038,7 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5</programlisting>
<programlisting>nat enable yes</programlisting>
<para>Alternatively, PPP NAT may be enabled by command-line
<para>Alternatively, NAT may be enabled by command-line
option <literal>-nat</literal>. There is also
<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename> knob named
<literal>ppp_nat</literal>, which is enabled by
@ -1071,7 +1060,7 @@ nat port tcp 10.0.0.2:http http</programlisting>
<title>Final System Configuration</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary><secondary>configuration</secondary>
<primary><acronym>PPP</acronym></primary><secondary>configuration</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>You now have <command>ppp</command> configured, but
@ -1167,7 +1156,7 @@ ifconfig_tun0=</programlisting>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ppp</userinput></screen>
<para>and then <command>dial provider</command> to start the
PPP session, or, if you want <command>ppp</command> to
<acronym>PPP</acronym> session, or, if you want <command>ppp</command> to
establish sessions automatically when there is outbound
traffic (and you have not created the
<filename>start_if.tun0</filename> script), type:</para>
@ -1281,12 +1270,12 @@ ifconfig_tun0=</programlisting>
<title>Troubleshooting <acronym>PPP</acronym> Connections</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary>
<primary><acronym>PPP</acronym></primary>
<secondary>troubleshooting</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>This section covers a few issues which may arise when
using PPP over a modem connection. For instance, perhaps you
using <acronym>PPP</acronym> over a modem connection. For instance, perhaps you
need to know exactly what prompts the system you are dialing
into will present. Some <acronym>ISP</acronym>s present the
<literal>ssword</literal> prompt, and others will present
@ -1549,14 +1538,14 @@ nameserver <replaceable>y.y.y.y</replaceable></programlisting>
</authorgroup>
</sect1info>
-->
<title>Using PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE)</title>
<title>Using <acronym>PPP</acronym> over Ethernet (PPPoE)</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary>
<primary><acronym>PPP</acronym></primary>
<secondary>over Ethernet</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>This section describes how to set up PPP over Ethernet
<para>This section describes how to set up <acronym>PPP</acronym> over Ethernet
(<acronym>PPPoE</acronym>).</para>
<para>Here is an example of a working
@ -1601,10 +1590,8 @@ ppp_profile="name_of_service_provider"</programlisting>
you cannot locate it there, ask your ISP's tech support
personnel.</para>
<para>As a last resort, you could try the method suggested by
the <ulink url="http://www.roaringpenguin.com/pppoe/">Roaring
Penguin PPPoE</ulink> program which can be found in the <link
linkend="ports">Ports Collection</link>. Bear in mind
<para>As a last resort, you could try installing
the <filename role="package">net/rr-pppoe</filename> package or port. Bear in mind
however, this may de-program your modem and render it useless,
so think twice before doing it. Simply install the program
shipped with the modem by your provider. Then, access the
@ -1627,7 +1614,7 @@ ppp_profile="name_of_service_provider"</programlisting>
<para>For additional information, refer to <ulink
url="http://renaud.waldura.com/doc/freebsd/pppoe/">Cheaper
Broadband with FreeBSD on DSL</ulink> by Renaud
Broadband with &os; on DSL</ulink> by Renaud
Waldura.</para>
</sect2>
@ -1639,7 +1626,7 @@ ppp_profile="name_of_service_provider"</programlisting>
<para>This modem does not follow <ulink
url="http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2516.html">RFC 2516</ulink>
(<emphasis>A Method for transmitting PPP over Ethernet
(<emphasis>A Method for transmitting <acronym>PPP</acronym> over Ethernet
(PPPoE)</emphasis>, written by L. Mamakos, K. Lidl, J. Evarts,
D. Carrel, D. Simone, and R. Wheeler). Instead, different
packet type codes have been used for the Ethernet frames.
@ -1647,7 +1634,7 @@ ppp_profile="name_of_service_provider"</programlisting>
url="http://www.3com.com/">3Com</ulink> if you think it
should comply with the PPPoE specification.</para>
<para>In order to make FreeBSD capable of communicating with
<para>In order to make &os; capable of communicating with
this device, a sysctl must be set. This can be done
automatically at boot time by updating
<filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>:</para>
@ -1671,30 +1658,29 @@ ppp_profile="name_of_service_provider"</programlisting>
(PPPoA)</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPP</primary>
<primary><acronym>PPP</acronym></primary>
<secondary>over ATM</secondary>
</indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>PPPoA</primary>
<see>PPP, over ATM</see>
</indexterm>
<para>The following describes how to set up PPP over ATM (PPPoA).
PPPoA is a popular choice among European DSL providers.</para>
<!--
This port is broken as of June, 2009
<sect2>
<title>Using PPPoA with the Alcatel &speedtouch; USB</title>
<para>PPPoA support for this device is supplied as a port in
FreeBSD because the firmware is distributed under <ulink
&os; because the firmware is distributed under <ulink
url="http://www.speedtouchdsl.com/disclaimer_lx.htm">Alcatel's
license agreement</ulink> and can not be redistributed freely
with the base system of FreeBSD.</para>
with the base system of &os;.</para>
<para>To install the software, simply use the <link
linkend="ports">Ports Collection</link>. Install the
<filename role="package">net/pppoa</filename> port and follow
<para>This software can be installed using the
<filename role="package">net/pppoa</filename> package or port. Once installed, follow
the instructions provided with it.</para>
<para>Like many USB devices, the Alcatel &speedtouch; USB needs
@ -1733,6 +1719,7 @@ ppp_profile="adsl"</programlisting>
sample <filename>ppp.conf</filename> which is supplied with
the <filename role="package">net/pppoa</filename> port.</para>
</sect2>
-->
<sect2>
<title>Using mpd</title>
@ -1740,7 +1727,7 @@ ppp_profile="adsl"</programlisting>
<para>You can use <application>mpd</application> to connect to a
variety of services, in particular PPTP services. You can
find <application>mpd</application> in the Ports Collection,
<filename role="package">net/mpd</filename>. Many ADSL modems
<filename role="package">net/mpd5</filename>. Many ADSL modems
require that a PPTP tunnel is created between the modem and
computer, one such modem is the Alcatel &speedtouch;
Home.</para>
@ -1849,7 +1836,7 @@ ng0: flags=88d1&lt;UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,NOARP,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST&gt; mtu 1500
<sect2>
<title>Using pptpclient</title>
<para>It is also possible to use FreeBSD to connect to other
<para>It is also possible to use &os; to connect to other
PPPoA services using <filename
role="package">net/pptpclient</filename>.</para>
@ -1896,13 +1883,13 @@ ng0: flags=88d1&lt;UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,NOARP,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST&gt; mtu 1500
</warning>
<para>This will open a tunnel for a PPP session to your DSL
<para>This will open a tunnel for a <acronym>PPP</acronym> session to your DSL
router. Ethernet DSL modems have a preconfigured LAN IP
address which you connect to. In the case of the Alcatel
&speedtouch; Home this address is <hostid
role="ipaddr">10.0.0.138</hostid>. Your router
documentation should tell you which address your device
uses. To open the tunnel and start a PPP session execute
uses. To open the tunnel and start a <acronym>PPP</acronym> session execute
the following command:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pptp <replaceable>address</replaceable> <replaceable>adsl</replaceable></userinput></screen>