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Submitted by:	Laust S. Jespersen <Laust@doc.freebsd.dk>
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Marc Fonvieille 2003-12-31 12:46:33 +00:00
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# $FreeBSD$
DOC?= article
FORMATS?= html
INSTALL_COMPRESSED?=gz
INSTALL_ONLY_COMPRESSED?=
SRCS= article.sgml
DOC_PREFIX?= ${.CURDIR}/../../..
afterinstall:
${INSTALL_DOCS} ${.CURDIR}/dhcpd.conf ${.CURDIR}/install.cfg \
${.CURDIR}/loader.rc ${.CURDIR}/pkgmaker.sh \
${.CURDIR}/post ${.CURDIR}/pre ${DESTDIR}
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"

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<!--
The FreeBSD Documentation Project
The FreeBSD Danish Documentation Project
$FreeBSD$
Original revision: 1.22
-->
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
<!ENTITY % man PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Manual Page Entities//EN"> %man
<!ENTITY % authors PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Author Entities//EN"> %authors;
<!ENTITY % misc PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Miscellaneous FreeBSD Entities//EN"> %misc;
<!ENTITY % trademarks PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Trademark Entities//EN"> %trademarks;
<!ENTITY % translators PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Translator Entities//DK"> %translators;
]>
<article lang="da">
<articleinfo>
<title>FreeBSD kvikstart Guide</title>
<authorgroup>
<author>
<firstname>Alfred</firstname>
<surname>Perlstein</surname>
<affiliation>
<address><email>alfred@FreeBSD.org</email></address>
</affiliation>
</author>
</authorgroup>
<pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
<legalnotice id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
&tm-attrib.freebsd;
&tm-attrib.intel;
&tm-attrib.general;
</legalnotice>
<abstract>
<para>Denne artikel viser metoden hvorved man kan f&aring; maskiner til
at installere FreeBSD ved hj&aelig;lp af &intel; PXE metoden
til at boote en maskine over et netv&aelig;rk.</para>
&trans.da.jespersen;
</abstract>
</articleinfo>
<sect1 id="introduction">
<title>Introduktion</title>
<warning>
<para>Denne procedure vil g&oslash;re <quote>Serveren</quote>
b&aring;de usikker og farlig. Det er bedst bare at holde
<quote>Serveren</quote> p&aring; sin egen hub og ikke p&aring;
nogen m&aring;de tilg&aelig;ngelig for andre maskiner end
i<quote>klienterne</quote>.</para>
</warning>
<para>Terminologi:</para>
<informaltable frame="none">
<tgroup cols="2">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>Server</entry>
<entry>Maskinen der tilbyder netboot og installations
muligheder.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Klient</entry>
<entry>Maskinen der skal have FreeBSD installeret p&aring;
sig.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</informaltable>
<para>Kr&aelig;ver: Klienter der underst&oslash;tter &intel; PXE
netboot muligheden, en Ethernet forbindelse.</para>
<para>Lad mig gerne vide hvis du falder over noget du har
problemer med, eller forslag til yderligere dokumentation.</para>
<para>Hvis du skal bruge nogen til at tr&aelig;ne/implementere et
specifikt netinstallations system for dig, s&aring; send mig
venligst en email s&aring; vi kan diskutere vilk&aring;r.</para>
<para>Jeg vil ogs&aring; gerne takkke &a.ps; og &a.jhb; for, at
lave det meste af programmerings arbejdet p&aring; pxeboot,
interfacet til &intel; PXE (netboot) systemet.</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="server-config">
<title>Server Konfiguration</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Install&eacute;r DHCP: Install&eacute;r <filename
role="package">net/isc-dhcp3</filename> du kan bruge denne
config fil <ulink url="dhcpd.conf">
<filename>dhcpd.conf</filename></ulink>, put den ind i
<filename>/usr/local/etc/</filename>.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Sl&aring; tftp til:</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Lav mappen <filename>/usr/tftpboot</filename></para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Tilf&oslash;j denne linie til din
<filename>/etc/inetd.conf</filename>:</para>
<programlisting>tftp dgram udp wait nobody /usr/libexec/tftpd tftpd /usr/tftpboot</programlisting>
</step>
</procedure>
</step>
<step>
<para>Sl&aring; NFS til:</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Tilf&oslash;j dette til
<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>:</para>
<programlisting>nfs_server_enable="YES"</programlisting>
</step>
<step>
<para>Tilf&oslash;j dette til
<filename>/etc/exports</filename>:</para>
<programlisting>/usr -alldirs -ro</programlisting>
</step>
</procedure>
</step>
<step>
<para>Genstart for at sl&aring; de nye services til eller
starte dem manuelt.</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="bootstrap-config">
<title>Bootstrap ops&aelig;tning</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Download bootfiler: Download
<ulink url="&snapshots.stable;/floppies/kern.flp">
kern.flp</ulink> og <ulink
url="&snapshots.stable;/floppies/mfsroot.flp">
mfsroot.flp</ulink> floppy imagesne.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Ops&aelig;tning af ftp/pxe-boot mappen:</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Put pxeboot i boot mappen:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>rm -rf /usr/obj/*</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /usr/src/sys/boot</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>make</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>cp /usr/src/sys/boot/i386/pxeldr/pxeboot /usr/tftpboot</userinput></screen>
</step>
<step>
<para>Mount <filename>kern.flp</filename> filen ved
hj&aelig;lp af vndevice og kopier dens indhold til
<filename>/usr/tftpboot</filename>:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>vnconfig vn0 kern.flp</userinput> # associer et vndevice med filen
&prompt.root; <userinput>mount /dev/vn0 /mnt</userinput> # mount det
&prompt.root; <userinput>cp -R /mnt /usr/tftpboot</userinput> # kopier indholdet til /usr/tftpboot
&prompt.root; <userinput>umount /mnt</userinput> # unmount det
&prompt.root; <userinput>vnconfig -u vn0</userinput> # disassocier vndevicet fra filen</screen>
</step>
</procedure>
</step>
<step>
<para>Kompiler en tilpasset kernel for klienterne (for at
undg&aring; device konfigurations sk&aelig;rmen ved boot) og
put den i <filename>/usr/tftpboot</filename>.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Lav en speciel <filename>loader.rc</filename> og
installer det i
<filename>/usr/tftpboot/boot/loader.rc</filename> s&aring; den
ikke prompter for den anden disk, her er <ulink
url="loader.rc">min</ulink>.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Pak installeren og hj&aelig;lpeprogrammerne fra mfsroot
disken ud og dekomprimer dem, put dem ned
i<filename>/usr/tftpboot</filename> ogs&aring;:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>vnconfig vn0 mfsroot.flp</userinput> # associer et vndevice med filen
&prompt.root; <userinput>mount /dev/vn0 /mnt</userinput> # mount det
&prompt.root; <userinput>cp /mnt/mfsroot.gz /usr/tftpboot</userinput> # kopier indholdet til /usr/tftpboot
&prompt.root; <userinput>umount /mnt</userinput> # unmount det
&prompt.root; <userinput>vnconfig -u vn0</userinput> # disassocier vndevicet fra filen
&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /usr/tftpboot</userinput> # skift mappe til pxeboot mappen
&prompt.root; <userinput>gunzip mfsroot.gz</userinput> # dekomprimer mfsroot</screen>
</step>
<step>
<para>Lav dit sysinstall script
<filename>install.cfg</filename>, du kan bruge <ulink
url="install.cfg">mit</ulink> som en skabelon, men du er
n&oslash;d til at editere det.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Kopier sysinstall scriptet ind i det udpakkede og
dekomprimerede mfsroot image:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /usr/tftpboot</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>vnconfig vn0 mfsroot</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>mount /dev/vn0 /mnt</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>cp install.cfg /mnt</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>umount /mnt</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>vnconfig -u vn0</userinput></screen>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="install-setup">
<title>Installations ops&aelig;tning</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Put installations filerne i en mappe der kan n&aring;s
via NFS p&aring; Serveren. Lav en mappe der svarer til 'nfs'
direktivet i <filename>install.cfg</filename> filen og lav et
spejl af FreeBSD installations filerne der, du skal have det
til at se ud nogenlunde s&aring;dan her:</para>
<screen>ABOUT.TXT TROUBLE.TXT compat20 floppies ports
ERRATA.TXT UPGRADE.TXT compat21 games proflibs
HARDWARE.TXT XF86336 compat22 info src
INSTALL.TXT bin compat3x kern.flp
LAYOUT.TXT catpages crypto manpages
README.TXT cdrom.inf dict mfsroot.flp
RELNOTES.TXT compat1x doc packages</screen>
</step>
<step>
<para>Kopier de komprimerede pakker ind i packages/All mappen
under <filename>nfs</filename>.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>V&aelig;r sikker p&aring;, at du har en
<filename>INDEX</filename> fil gjort klar i packages mappen.
Du kan lave dine egne <filename>INDEX</filename> notater
s&aring;dan her:</para>
<programlisting>alfred-1.0||/|Alfred install bootstrap||alfred@FreeBSD.org||||</programlisting>
<para>S&aring; kan du installere tilpassede pakker, specielt
din egen tilpassede post-install pakke.</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="custom-postinst-package">
<title>Tilpasset Post-Install Pakke</title>
<para>Du kan bruge scriptet <ulink
url="pkgmaker.sh"><filename>pkgmaker.sh </filename></ulink> til
at lave en tilpasset pakke til post install. Ideen er at have
den til at installere og konfigurere de specielle ting du vil have
gjort. <filename>pkgmaker</filename> K&oslash;res i mappen
ovenover den pakke du &oslash;nsker at lave med det ene argument
fra pakken (f.eks mypkg) som s&aring; vil lave en mypkg.tgz som
du s&aring; kan inkludere i din sysinstall pakke.</para>
<para>Inde i din mappe med tilpassede pakker vil du have en fil kaldet
<filename>PLIST</filename> som indeholder alle de filer du
&oslash;nsker at installere og f&aring; inkorporeret i din
pakke.</para>
<para>Du vil ogs&aring; &oslash;nske dig at have nogle filer
kaldet <ulink url="pre"><filename>pre</filename></ulink> og
<ulink url="post"><filename>post</filename></ulink> i den mappe,
disse er shell scripts som du vil eksekverer f&oslash;r og efter
din pakke er installeret.</para>
<para>Siden denne pakke er i din <filename>install.cfg</filename>
fil burde den blive k&oslash;rt og lave den sidste konfiguration
for dig.</para>
</sect1>
</article>

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# $Wintelcom: src/freebsd/pxe/doc/dhcpd.conf,v 1.2 2000/09/24 09:18:14 bright Exp $
# $FreeBSD$
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
option routers 10.8.253.254;
filename "pxeboot";
ddns-update-style none;
option domain-name "google.com";
option broadcast-address 10.8.253.255;
option domain-name-servers 10.8.0.7;
server-name "DHCPserver";
server-identifier 10.8.253.201;
default-lease-time 7200;
max-lease-time 7200;
subnet 10.8.253.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
next-server 10.8.253.201;
range 10.8.253.29 10.8.253.200;
}

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# $Wintelcom: src/freebsd/pxe/doc/install.cfg,v 1.1 2000/07/14 12:42:05 bright Exp $
# $FreeBSD$
# Dette er installation kongfigurations filen for vores rackmountede
# FreeBSD cluster maskiner
# Slå ekstra debugging til.
debug=YES
# Ok, dette burde slå AL promptning fra, kom ikke og klag til mig hvis du
# mister en maskine fordi du netbootede den på det samme subnet som denne
# box
nonInteractive=YES
noWarn=YES
tryDHCP=YES
################################
# Mine host specifikke data
hostname=booter
domainname=mydomain.com
# DHCP gør det her for os
#nameserver=10.0.0.1
#defaultrouter=10.0.0.1
#ipaddr=DHCP
#netmask=255.255.255.0
################################
################################
# Hvilket installations device skal bruges
nfs=x.x.x.x:/usr/releng4
netDev=fxp0
tryDHCP=YES
mediaSetNFS
################################
################################
# Vælg vilke distributioner vi vil have.
dists= bin doc games manpages catpages proflibs dict info des compat1x compat20 compat21 compat22 compat3x crypto
distSetCustom
################################
################################
# Sæt parametrer for partition editoren på sd0.
disk=ad0
partition=all
bootManager=standard
diskPartitionEditor
#diskPartitionWrite
################################
################################
# Alle størrelse er skrevet i 512 byte blokke!
#
# En 96MB root partition, fulgt af en 0.5G swap partition, fulgt af
# en 1G /var, og en /usr der bruger resten af pladsen på disken
#
ad0s1-1=ufs 1999999 /
ad0s1-2=swap 6485760 none
ad0s1-3=ufs 2097152 /var
ad0s1-4=ufs 0 /usr
# Lad os gøre det!
diskLabelEditor
#diskLabelCommit
# OK, alting er klart. Gør det!
installCommit
package=XFree86-3.3.6
packageAdd
#package=XFree86-aoutlibs-3.3.3
#packageAdd
package=XFree86-contrib-3.3.6
packageAdd
package=arpwatch-2.1.a4
packageAdd
package=bash-2.04
packageAdd
package=bison-1.28
packageAdd
package=bzip2-1.0.0
packageAdd
package=ctags-3.5.2
packageAdd
package=dvips2ascii-1.3
packageAdd
package=electricfence-2.0.5
packageAdd
package=emacs-20.6
packageAdd
package=enscript-letter-1.6.1
packageAdd
package=fping-1.20
packageAdd
package=gawk-3.0.4
packageAdd
package=gdbm-1.8.0
packageAdd
package=gettext-0.10.35
packageAdd
package=gmake-3.79
packageAdd
package=ispell-3.1.20c
packageAdd
package=less-352
packageAdd
package=libgnugetopt-1.1
packageAdd
package=libtool-1.3.4
packageAdd
package=linux_base-6.1
packageAdd
package=linux_devtools-6.1
packageAdd
package=lmbench-1.1
packageAdd
package=m4-1.4
packageAdd
package=mprof-3.0
packageAdd
package=mtr-0.42
packageAdd
package=nmap-2.53
packageAdd
package=pine-4.21
packageAdd
package=portscanner-1.0
packageAdd
package=portsentry-1.0
packageAdd
package=python-1.5.2
packageAdd
package=rpm-2.5.6
packageAdd
package=rsaref-2.0
packageAdd
package=rsync-2.4.3
packageAdd
package=screen-3.9.5
packageAdd
package=stlport-3.01
packageAdd
package=tcsh-6.09.00
packageAdd
package=tk-8.0.5
packageAdd
package=vim-lite-5.6.70
packageAdd
package=wget-1.5.3
packageAdd
package=word2x-0.005
packageAdd
package=zip-2.3
packageAdd
package=zsh-3.0.7
packageAdd
#
# Denne sidste pakke er speciel. Den bruges til at konfigurere maskinen.
# Den installerer flere filer (som /root/.rhosts) og dens installations
# script tweaker flere muligheder i /etc/rc.conf
#
package=mypkg-1.0
packageAdd
shutdown

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\ $Wintelcom: src/freebsd/pxe/doc/loader.rc,v 1.1 2000/07/15 07:20:37 bright Exp $
\ $FreeBSD$
echo Loading Kernel...
load /kernel
echo Loading mfsroot...
load -t mfs_root /mfsroot
echo booting...
echo \007\007
echo initializing h0h0magic...
set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/md0c"
boot

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#!/bin/sh
# $Wintelcom: src/freebsd/pxe/doc/pkgmaker.sh,v 1.1 2000/07/14 12:42:05 bright Exp $
# $FreeBSD$
PKGNAME=${1}
PKGDIR=`pwd`/${PKGNAME}/
pkg_create -i ${PKGDIR}pre -I ${PKGDIR}post -f ${PKGDIR}PLIST -s ${PKGDIR} -p / -d ${PKGDIR}DESCR -c ${PKGDIR}COMMENT ${PKGNAME}.tgz

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#!/bin/sh
# $Wintelcom: src/freebsd/pxe/doc/post,v 1.1 2000/07/14 12:42:05 bright Exp $
# $FreeBSD$
echo post-install
set PATH=/bin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/bin/X11
export PATH
# do timezone
cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/Los_Angeles /etc/localtime
conf="/etc/rc.conf.local"
rm $conf
echo 'sendmail_enable="NO"' >> $conf
echo 'dumpdev="/dev/ad0s1b"' >> $conf
echo 'sshd_enable="YES"' >> $conf
echo 'linux_enable="YES"' >> $conf
# Opsætning af IP adresse og hostnavn
if=`ifconfig fxp1 inet | grep '[ ]*inet' | sed 's/[ ]*//'`
echo "ifconfig_fxp1=\"${if}\"" >> $conf
name=`echo $if | sed 's/[ ][ ]*/ /g' | cut -f2 -d" " | cut -f4 -d.`
echo "hostname=\"suyy${name}\"" >> $conf
echo "network_interfaces=\"fxp0 fxp1 lo0\"" >> $conf
# Opsætning af gateway, oversæt netstat output
gw=`netstat -rn | grep '^default' | sed 's/[ ][ ]*/ /g' | cut -f2 -d" "`
echo "defaultrouter=\"${gw}\"" >> $conf
pwd_mkdb -p /etc/master.passwd
exit 0

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#!/bin/sh
# $Wintelcom: src/freebsd/pxe/doc/pre,v 1.1 2000/07/14 12:42:05 bright Exp $
# $FreeBSD$
echo pre-install
exit 0