diff --git a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/install/chapter.sgml b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/install/chapter.sgml index 8271a70b21..99f55996be 100644 --- a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/install/chapter.sgml +++ b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/install/chapter.sgml @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ @@ -1817,6 +1817,172 @@ + + + Advanced Installation Guide + + Written by &a.logo;, May 2001. + + This section describes how to install FreeBSD in exceptional + cases. + + + Installing FreeBSD on a system without a monitor or + keyboard + + This type of installation is called a "headless install", + because the machine that you are trying to install FreeBSD on + either doesnt have a monitor attached to it, or doesnt even + have a VGA output. How is this possible you ask? Using a + serial console. A serial console is basically using another + machine to act as the main display and keyboard for a + system. To do this, just follow these steps: + + + + Fetch the right boot floppy images + + First you will need to get the right disk images so + that you can boot into the install program. The secret + with using a serial console is that you tell the boot + loader to send I/O through a serial port instead of + displaying console output to the VGA device and trying to + read input from a local keyboard. Enough of that now, + let's get back to getting these disk images. + + You will need to get kern.flp and + + mfsroot.flp from the + + floppies directory. + + + + Write the image files to the floppy disks. + + The image files, such as + kern.flp, are + not regular files that you copy to + the disk. Instead, they are images of the complete + contents of the disk. + + This means that you can not use + commands like DOS' copy to write the + files. Instead, you must use specific tools to write the + images directly to the disk. + + If you are creating the floppies on a computer running + DOS then we provide a tool to do this called + fdimage. + + If you are using the floppies from the CD-ROM, and + your CD-ROM is the E: drive then + you would run this: + + E:\> tools\fdimage floppies\kern.flp A: + + Repeat this command for each .flp + file, replacing the floppy disk each time. Adjust the + command line as necessary, depending on where you have + placed the .flp files. If you do not + have the CD-ROM then fdimage can be + downloaded from the tools + directory on the FreeBSD FTP site. + + If you are writing the floppies on a Unix system (such + as another FreeBSD system) you can use the &man.dd.1; + command to write the image files directly to disk. On + FreeBSD you would run: + + &prompt.root; dd if=kern.flp of=/dev/rfd0 + + On FreeBSD /dev/rfd0 refers to + the first floppy disk (the A: + drive). /dev/rfd1 would be the + B: drive, and so on. Other Unix + variants might have different names for the floppy disk + devices, and you will need to check the documentation for + the system as necessary. + + + + + Enabling the boot floppies to boot into a serial + console + + If you were to boot into the floppies that you just + made, FreeBSD would boot into its normal install mode. We + want FreeBSD to boot into a serial console for our + install. To do this, you have to mount the + kern.flp floppy onto your FreeBSD + system using the &man.mount.8; command. + + &prompt.root; mount /dev/rfd0 /mnt + + Now that you have the floppy mounted, you must + change into the floppy directory + + &prompt.root; cd /mnt + + Here is where you must set the floppy to boot into a + serial console. You have to make a file called + boot.config containing "/boot/loader + -h". All this does is pass a flag to the bootloader to + boot into a serial console. + + &prompt.root; echo "/boot/loader -h" > boot.config + + Now that you have your floppy configured correctly, + you must unmount the floppy using the &man.umount.8; + command + + &prompt.root; cd / +&prompt.root; umount /mnt + + Now you can remove the floppy from the floppy + drive + + + + Connecting your null modem cable + + You now need to connect a null modem cable between + the two machines. Just connect the cable to the serial + ports of the 2 machines. A normal serial cable + will not work here, you need a null modem + cable because it has some of the wires inside crossed + over. + + + + Booting up for the install + + It's now time to go ahead and start the install. Put + the kern.flp floppy in the floppy + drive of the machine you're doing the headless install + on, and power on the machine. + + + + Connecting to your headless machine + Now you have to connect to that machine with + &man.cu.1;: + + &prompt.root; cu -l /dev/cuaa0 + + + + That's it! You should be able to control the headless + machine through your cu session now. It will ask you to put + in the mfsroot.flp, and then it will come + up with a selection of what kind of terminal to use. Just + select the FreeBSD color console and proceed with your + install! + + + + @@ -1817,6 +1817,172 @@ + + + Advanced Installation Guide + + Written by &a.logo;, May 2001. + + This section describes how to install FreeBSD in exceptional + cases. + + + Installing FreeBSD on a system without a monitor or + keyboard + + This type of installation is called a "headless install", + because the machine that you are trying to install FreeBSD on + either doesnt have a monitor attached to it, or doesnt even + have a VGA output. How is this possible you ask? Using a + serial console. A serial console is basically using another + machine to act as the main display and keyboard for a + system. To do this, just follow these steps: + + + + Fetch the right boot floppy images + + First you will need to get the right disk images so + that you can boot into the install program. The secret + with using a serial console is that you tell the boot + loader to send I/O through a serial port instead of + displaying console output to the VGA device and trying to + read input from a local keyboard. Enough of that now, + let's get back to getting these disk images. + + You will need to get kern.flp and + + mfsroot.flp from the + + floppies directory. + + + + Write the image files to the floppy disks. + + The image files, such as + kern.flp, are + not regular files that you copy to + the disk. Instead, they are images of the complete + contents of the disk. + + This means that you can not use + commands like DOS' copy to write the + files. Instead, you must use specific tools to write the + images directly to the disk. + + If you are creating the floppies on a computer running + DOS then we provide a tool to do this called + fdimage. + + If you are using the floppies from the CD-ROM, and + your CD-ROM is the E: drive then + you would run this: + + E:\> tools\fdimage floppies\kern.flp A: + + Repeat this command for each .flp + file, replacing the floppy disk each time. Adjust the + command line as necessary, depending on where you have + placed the .flp files. If you do not + have the CD-ROM then fdimage can be + downloaded from the tools + directory on the FreeBSD FTP site. + + If you are writing the floppies on a Unix system (such + as another FreeBSD system) you can use the &man.dd.1; + command to write the image files directly to disk. On + FreeBSD you would run: + + &prompt.root; dd if=kern.flp of=/dev/rfd0 + + On FreeBSD /dev/rfd0 refers to + the first floppy disk (the A: + drive). /dev/rfd1 would be the + B: drive, and so on. Other Unix + variants might have different names for the floppy disk + devices, and you will need to check the documentation for + the system as necessary. + + + + + Enabling the boot floppies to boot into a serial + console + + If you were to boot into the floppies that you just + made, FreeBSD would boot into its normal install mode. We + want FreeBSD to boot into a serial console for our + install. To do this, you have to mount the + kern.flp floppy onto your FreeBSD + system using the &man.mount.8; command. + + &prompt.root; mount /dev/rfd0 /mnt + + Now that you have the floppy mounted, you must + change into the floppy directory + + &prompt.root; cd /mnt + + Here is where you must set the floppy to boot into a + serial console. You have to make a file called + boot.config containing "/boot/loader + -h". All this does is pass a flag to the bootloader to + boot into a serial console. + + &prompt.root; echo "/boot/loader -h" > boot.config + + Now that you have your floppy configured correctly, + you must unmount the floppy using the &man.umount.8; + command + + &prompt.root; cd / +&prompt.root; umount /mnt + + Now you can remove the floppy from the floppy + drive + + + + Connecting your null modem cable + + You now need to connect a null modem cable between + the two machines. Just connect the cable to the serial + ports of the 2 machines. A normal serial cable + will not work here, you need a null modem + cable because it has some of the wires inside crossed + over. + + + + Booting up for the install + + It's now time to go ahead and start the install. Put + the kern.flp floppy in the floppy + drive of the machine you're doing the headless install + on, and power on the machine. + + + + Connecting to your headless machine + Now you have to connect to that machine with + &man.cu.1;: + + &prompt.root; cu -l /dev/cuaa0 + + + + That's it! You should be able to control the headless + machine through your cu session now. It will ask you to put + in the mfsroot.flp, and then it will come + up with a selection of what kind of terminal to use. Just + select the FreeBSD color console and proceed with your + install! + + + +