diff --git a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig/chapter.sgml b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig/chapter.sgml index 99eac05daf..5811e8f937 100644 --- a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig/chapter.sgml +++ b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig/chapter.sgml @@ -378,7 +378,8 @@ /boot/kernel.old - The new kernel will be copied to the /boot/kernel directory as + The new kernel will be copied to the /boot/kernel directory as /boot/kernel/kernel and the old kernel will be moved to /boot/kernel.old/kernel. Now, shutdown the system and reboot to use your new kernel. If something goes wrong, there are @@ -389,7 +390,8 @@ In &os; 4.X and earlier, kernels are installed - in /kernel, modules in /modules, and old kernels + in /kernel, modules in /modules, and old kernels are backed up in /kernel.old. Other files relating to the boot process, such as the boot &man.loader.8; and configuration are stored in @@ -405,8 +407,8 @@ If you have added any new devices (such as sound cards) and you are running &os; 4.X or previous versions, you may have to add some device nodes to your - /dev directory before you can use - them. For more information, take a look at /dev directory before + you can use them. For more information, take a look at Making Device Nodes section later on in this chapter. @@ -490,8 +492,8 @@ The following is an example of the GENERIC kernel configuration file with various additional comments where needed for clarity. This example should match your copy in - /usr/src/sys/i386/conf/GENERIC fairly - closely. + /usr/src/sys/i386/conf/GENERIC + fairly closely. # # GENERIC -- Generic kernel configuration file for &os;/i386 @@ -679,7 +681,8 @@ device loop # Network loopback device.hints file in /boot. - + #makeoptions DEBUG=-g # Build kernel with gdb(1) debug symbols @@ -692,7 +695,8 @@ device loop # Network loopback use of the option which enables debugging information when passed to &man.gcc.1;. The same can be accomplished by the &man.config.8; option, if - you are using the traditional way for building your kernels (see + you are using the traditional way for building your + kernels (see for more information). options SCHED_4BSD # 4BSD scheduler @@ -723,8 +727,9 @@ device loop # Network loopback This option, present only in &os; 5.X, enables kernel support for access control lists. This relies on the use of extended - attributes and UFS2, and the feature is described in detail - in . ACLs are enabled by default and should not be + attributes and UFS2, and the feature is described + in detail in . ACLs are + enabled by default and should not be disabled in the kernel if they have been used previously on a file system, as this will remove the access control lists, changing the way files are protected in unpredictable ways. @@ -802,7 +807,8 @@ options NFS_ROOT # NFS usable as /, requires NFSCLIENTPROCFS: unlike in &os; 4.X, new installations of - &os; 5.X will not mount the process file system by default. In addition, 6.X-CURRENT kernels + &os; 5.X will not mount the process file system by default. + In addition, 6.X-CURRENT kernels making use of PROCFS must now also include support for PSEUDOFS: @@ -858,12 +864,12 @@ options NFS_ROOT # NFS usable as /, requires NFSCLIENToptions SYSVMSG # SYSV-style message queues - Support for System V messages. Again, this option only adds a few hundred - bytes to the kernel. + Support for System V messages. Again, this option only adds + a few hundred bytes to the kernel. - The option of the &man.ipcs.1; command will list any processes using each of - these System V facilities. + The option of the &man.ipcs.1; command will + list any processes using each of these System V facilities. options _KPOSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING # POSIX P1003_1B real-time extensions @@ -1130,25 +1136,29 @@ device cardbus # CardBus (32-bit) bus # Serial (COM) ports device sio # 8250, 16[45]50 based serial ports - These are the serial ports referred to as COM ports - in the &ms-dos;/&windows; world. + These are the serial ports referred to as + COM ports in the &ms-dos;/&windows; + world. - If you have an internal modem on COM4 and a serial port at - COM2, you will have to change the IRQ of the modem to 2 (for - obscure technical reasons, IRQ2 = IRQ 9) in order to access it + If you have an internal modem on COM4 + and a serial port at COM2, you will have + to change the IRQ of the modem to 2 (for obscure technical reasons, + IRQ2 = IRQ 9) in order to access it from &os;. If you have a multiport serial card, check the manual page for &man.sio.4; for more information on the proper - values to add to your /boot/device.hints. Some video cards (notably those based on + values to add to your /boot/device.hints. + Some video cards (notably those based on S3 chips) use IO addresses in the form of 0x*2e8, and since many cheap serial cards do not fully decode the 16-bit IO address space, they clash with - these cards making the COM4 port practically unavailable. + these cards making the COM4 port + practically unavailable. Each serial port is required to have a unique IRQ (unless you are using one of the multiport cards where shared interrupts are - supported), so the default IRQs for COM3 and COM4 cannot be - used. + supported), so the default IRQs for COM3 + and COM4 cannot be used. # Parallel port @@ -1187,9 +1197,9 @@ device ppc #device puc - Uncomment this device if you have a dumb serial or - parallel PCI card that is supported by the &man.puc.4 glue driver. - + Uncomment this device if you have a dumb serial + or parallel PCI card that is supported by the &man.puc.4 glue + driver. # PCI Ethernet NICs. device de # DEC/Intel DC21x4x (Tulip) @@ -1322,7 +1332,8 @@ device pty # Pseudo-ttys (telnet etc) Under &os; 4.X, you have to use the line pseudo-device pty number. The - number after pty indicates the number of + number after pty + indicates the number of ptys to create. If you need more than the default of 16 simultaneous xterm windows and/or remote logins, be sure to increase this number accordingly, @@ -1340,8 +1351,7 @@ device pty # Pseudo-ttys (telnet etc) &os; 4.4 the gif device is auto-cloning, and you should use the line pseudo-device gif. - Earlier versions of - &os; 4.X require a number, for example + Earlier versions of &os; 4.X require a number, for example pseudo-device gif 4. device faith # IPv6-to-IPv4 relaying (translation) @@ -1510,7 +1520,8 @@ device fwe # Ethernet over FireWire (non-standard!)If you are running &os; 5.0 or later you can safely skip this section. These versions use - &man.devfs.5; to allocate device nodes transparently for the user. + &man.devfs.5; to allocate device nodes transparently for + the user. Almost every device in the kernel has a corresponding node entry in the /dev directory. @@ -1668,7 +1679,8 @@ device fwe # Ethernet over FireWire (non-standard!)kernel.old is overwritten with the last installed kernel which may be non-functional. Also, as soon as possible, move the working kernel to the - proper /boot/kernel location or commands such + proper /boot/kernel + location or commands such as &man.ps.1; may not work properly. To do this, simply rename the directory containing the good kernel: @@ -1710,8 +1722,7 @@ device fwe # Ethernet over FireWire (non-standard!)recompile and install a world built with the same version of the source tree as - your kernel. - This is one reason it is + your kernel. This is one reason it is not normally a good idea to use a different version of the kernel from the rest of the operating system.