os/doc
3
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Projects Releases Wiki Activity

Whitespace fixes, translators can ignore these.

Browse source
This commit is contained in:
Benedict Reuschling 2014-05-24 15:52:09 +00:00
parent 9d91a1dd6c
commit ff0a08def0
Notes: svn2git 2020-12-08 03:00:23 +00:00 
svn path=/head/; revision=44938
1 changed files with 122 additions and 122 deletions

244
en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/laptop/article.xml
View file

@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook XML V5.0-Based Extension//EN" <!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook XML V5.0-Based Extension//EN"
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/XML/share/xml/freebsd50.dtd"> "http://www.FreeBSD.org/XML/share/xml/freebsd50.dtd">
<article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0" xml:lang="en"> <article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
<info><title>FreeBSD on Laptops</title> xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0"
xml:lang="en">
<info>
<title>FreeBSD on Laptops</title>
<abstract> <abstract>
<para>FreeBSD works fine on most laptops, with a few caveats. <para>FreeBSD works fine on most laptops, with a few caveats.
Some issues specific to running FreeBSD on laptops, relating Some issues specific to running FreeBSD on laptops, relating
to different hardware requirements from desktops, are to different hardware requirements from desktops, are
discussed below.</para> discussed below.</para>
</abstract> </abstract>
<legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks"> <legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
@ -24,57 +26,59 @@
<releaseinfo>$FreeBSD$</releaseinfo> <releaseinfo>$FreeBSD$</releaseinfo>
</info> </info>
<para>FreeBSD is often thought of as a server operating system, but <para>FreeBSD is often thought of as a server operating system, but
it works just fine on the desktop, and if you want to use it on it works just fine on the desktop, and if you want to use it on
your laptop you can enjoy all the usual benefits: systematic your laptop you can enjoy all the usual benefits: systematic
layout, easy administration and upgrading, the ports/packages layout, easy administration and upgrading, the ports/packages
system for adding software, and so on. (Its other benefits, system for adding software, and so on. (Its other benefits, such
such as stability, network performance, and performance under as stability, network performance, and performance under a heavy
a heavy load, may not be obvious on a laptop, of course.) load, may not be obvious on a laptop, of course.) However,
However, installing it on laptops often involves problems which installing it on laptops often involves problems which are not
are not encountered on desktop machines and are not commonly encountered on desktop machines and are not commonly discussed
discussed (laptops, even more than desktops, are fine-tuned for (laptops, even more than desktops, are fine-tuned for
&microsoft.windows;). This article aims to discuss some of these &microsoft.windows;). This article aims to discuss some of these
issues. Several people have also documented their experiences issues. Several people have also documented their experiences
with &os; on specific laptop models on webpages which are not with &os; on specific laptop models on webpages which are not part
part of the &os; documentation. You might very well find some of the &os; documentation. You might very well find some
information if you type the name of your laptop model and the information if you type the name of your laptop model and the word
word <quote>&os;</quote> into a search engine of your <quote>&os;</quote> into a search engine of your choice.
choice. Additionally there is a &os;-specific online database Additionally there is a &os;-specific online database which aims
which aims to give information on hardware issues with laptops, to give information on hardware issues with laptops, <link
<link xlink:href="http://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/">The &os; xlink:href="http://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/">The &os; Laptop
Laptop Compatibility List</link>.</para> Compatibility List</link>.</para>
<para>If you want to communicate with other &os; laptop users, <para>If you want to communicate with other &os; laptop users, check
check out the &a.mobile.name; list. You can also get additional out the &a.mobile.name; list. You can also get additional
information about using Laptops on &os; at information about using Laptops on &os; at <uri
<uri xlink:href="http://tuxmobil.org/mobile_bsd.html">http://tuxmobil.org/mobile_bsd.html</uri>.</para> xlink:href="http://tuxmobil.org/mobile_bsd.html">http://tuxmobil.org/mobile_bsd.html</uri>.</para>
<sect1 xml:id="xorg"> <sect1 xml:id="xorg">
<title>&xorg;</title> <title>&xorg;</title>
<para>Recent versions of <application>&xorg;</application> work with most display adapters <para>Recent versions of <application>&xorg;</application> work
available on laptops these days. Acceleration may not be with most display adapters available on laptops these days.
supported, but a generic SVGA configuration should work.</para> Acceleration may not be supported, but a generic SVGA
configuration should work.</para>
<para>Check your laptop documentation for which card you have, <para>Check your laptop documentation for which card you have, and
and check in the <application>&xorg;</application> documentation check in the <application>&xorg;</application> documentation to
to see whether it is specifically supported. If it is not, use see whether it is specifically supported. If it is not, use a
a generic device (do not go for a name which just looks generic device (do not go for a name which just looks similar).
similar). You can try your luck You can try your luck with the command <userinput>Xorg
with the command <userinput>Xorg -configure</userinput> -configure</userinput> which auto-detects a lot of
which auto-detects a lot of configurations.</para> configurations.</para>
<para>The problem often is configuring the monitor. Common <para>The problem often is configuring the monitor. Common
resources for <application>&xorg;</application> focus on CRT monitors; getting a resources for <application>&xorg;</application> focus on CRT
suitable modeline for an LCD display may be tricky. You may monitors; getting a suitable modeline for an LCD display may be
be lucky and not need to specify a modeline, or just need to tricky. You may be lucky and not need to specify a modeline, or
specify suitable <literal>HorizSync</literal> and <literal>VertRefresh</literal> ranges. If that just need to specify suitable <literal>HorizSync</literal> and
does not work, the best option is to check web resources <literal>VertRefresh</literal> ranges. If that does not work,
devoted to configuring X on laptops (these are often the best option is to check web resources devoted to configuring
Linux oriented sites but it does not matter because both systems X on laptops (these are often Linux oriented sites but it does
use <application>&xorg;</application>) and copy a modeline posted by someone for similar not matter because both systems use
hardware.</para> <application>&xorg;</application>) and copy a modeline posted by
someone for similar hardware.</para>
<para>Most laptops come with two buttons on their pointing <para>Most laptops come with two buttons on their pointing
devices, which is rather problematic in X (since the middle devices, which is rather problematic in X (since the middle
@ -82,55 +86,53 @@
simultaneous left-right click in your X configuration to simultaneous left-right click in your X configuration to
a middle button click with the line</para> a middle button click with the line</para>
<programlisting> <programlisting>Option "Emulate3Buttons"</programlisting>
Option "Emulate3Buttons"
</programlisting>
<para>in <filename>xorg.conf</filename> in the <literal>InputDevice</literal> <para>in <filename>xorg.conf</filename> in the
section.</para> <literal>InputDevice</literal> section.</para>
</sect1> </sect1>
<sect1 xml:id="modems"> <sect1 xml:id="modems">
<title>Modems</title> <title>Modems</title>
<para>
Laptops usually come with internal (on-board) modems. <para>Laptops usually come with internal (on-board) modems.
Unfortunately, this almost always means they are Unfortunately, this almost always means they are
<quote>winmodems</quote> whose <quote>winmodems</quote> whose functionality is implemented in
functionality is implemented in software, for which only &windows; software, for which only &windows; drivers are normally
drivers are normally available (though a few drivers are beginning available (though a few drivers are beginning to show up for
to show up for other operating systems; for example, if your modem has a Lucent LT chipset it might be supported by the <package>comms/ltmdm</package> port). If that is the case, you other operating systems; for example, if your modem has a Lucent
LT chipset it might be supported by the
<package>comms/ltmdm</package> port). If that is the case, you
need to buy an external modem: the most compact option is need to buy an external modem: the most compact option is
probably a PC Card (PCMCIA) modem, discussed below, but probably a PC Card (PCMCIA) modem, discussed below, but serial
serial or USB modems may be cheaper. Generally, regular or USB modems may be cheaper. Generally, regular modems
modems (non-winmodems) should work fine. (non-winmodems) should work fine.</para>
</para>
</sect1> </sect1>
<sect1 xml:id="pcmcia"> <sect1 xml:id="pcmcia">
<title>PCMCIA (PC Card) Devices</title> <title>PCMCIA (PC Card) Devices</title>
<para> Most laptops come with PCMCIA (also called PC Card) <para>Most laptops come with PCMCIA (also called PC Card) slots;
slots; these are supported fine under FreeBSD. Look through these are supported fine under FreeBSD. Look through your
your boot-up messages (using &man.dmesg.8;) and see whether these were boot-up messages (using &man.dmesg.8;) and see whether these
detected correctly (they should appear as were detected correctly (they should appear as
<filename>pccard0</filename>, <filename>pccard0</filename>, <filename>pccard1</filename> etc
<filename>pccard1</filename> etc on devices like on devices like <filename>pcic0</filename>).</para>
<filename>pcic0</filename>).</para>
<para>&os;&nbsp;4.X supports 16-bit PCMCIA cards, and <para>&os;&nbsp;4.X supports 16-bit PCMCIA cards, and
&os;&nbsp;5.X supports both 16-bit and &os;&nbsp;5.X supports both 16-bit and 32-bit
32-bit (<quote>CardBus</quote>) cards. A database of supported (<quote>CardBus</quote>) cards. A database of supported cards
cards is in the file <filename>/etc/defaults/pccard.conf</filename>. is in the file <filename>/etc/defaults/pccard.conf</filename>.
Look through it, and preferably buy cards listed there. Cards not Look through it, and preferably buy cards listed there. Cards
listed may also work as <quote>generic</quote> devices: in not listed may also work as <quote>generic</quote> devices: in
particular most modems (16-bit) should work fine, provided they particular most modems (16-bit) should work fine, provided they
are not winmodems (these do exist even as PC Cards, so watch out). are not winmodems (these do exist even as PC Cards, so watch
If your card is recognised as a generic modem, note that the out). If your card is recognised as a generic modem, note that
default <filename>pccard.conf</filename> specifies a delay time of 10 seconds the default <filename>pccard.conf</filename> specifies a delay
(to avoid freezes on certain modems); this may well be time of 10 seconds (to avoid freezes on certain modems); this
over-cautious for your modem, so you may want to play with it, may well be over-cautious for your modem, so you may want to
reducing it or removing it totally.</para> play with it, reducing it or removing it totally.</para>
<para>Some parts of <filename>pccard.conf</filename> may need <para>Some parts of <filename>pccard.conf</filename> may need
editing. Check the irq line, and be sure to remove any number editing. Check the irq line, and be sure to remove any number
@ -138,20 +140,20 @@
card, remove irq 5 (otherwise you may experience hangs when you card, remove irq 5 (otherwise you may experience hangs when you
insert a card). Check also the available memory slots; if your insert a card). Check also the available memory slots; if your
card is not being detected, try changing it to one of the other card is not being detected, try changing it to one of the other
allowed values (listed in the manual page &man.pccardc.8;). allowed values (listed in the manual page
</para> &man.pccardc.8;).</para>
<para>If it is not running already, start the &man.pccardd.8; daemon. <para>If it is not running already, start the &man.pccardd.8;
(To enable it at boot time, add daemon. (To enable it at boot time, add
<programlisting>pccard_enable="YES"</programlisting> to <programlisting>pccard_enable="YES"</programlisting> to
<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>.) Now your cards should be <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>.) Now your cards should be
detected when you insert and remove them, and you should get detected when you insert and remove them, and you should get
log messages about new devices being enabled.</para> log messages about new devices being enabled.</para>
<para>There have been major changes to the pccard code <para>There have been major changes to the pccard code (including
(including ISA routing of interrupts, for machines where ISA routing of interrupts, for machines where &os; is not able
&os; is not able to use the PCI BIOS) before the &os;&nbsp;4.4 to use the PCI BIOS) before the &os;&nbsp;4.4 release. If you
release. If you have problems, try upgrading your system.</para> have problems, try upgrading your system.</para>
</sect1> </sect1>
@ -203,33 +205,32 @@
<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>. You may also want start <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>. You may also want start
the &man.apmd.8; daemon by adding the &man.apmd.8; daemon by adding
<literal>apmd_enable="YES"</literal> to <literal>apmd_enable="YES"</literal> to
<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>, which takes care of <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>, which takes care of various
various APM events that are posted to the BIOS, so you can APM events that are posted to the BIOS, so you can have your
have your laptop suspend/resume by pressing some function laptop suspend/resume by pressing some function key on the
key on the keyboard or by closing/opening the lid.</para> keyboard or by closing/opening the lid.</para>
<para>The APM commands are listed in the &man.apm.8; manual page. <para>The APM commands are listed in the &man.apm.8; manual
For instance, <command>apm -b</command> gives you battery page. For instance, <command>apm -b</command> gives you
status (or 255 if not supported), <command>apm -Z</command> battery status (or 255 if not supported), <command>apm
puts the laptop on standby, <command>apm -z</command> (or -Z</command> puts the laptop on standby, <command>apm
<command>zzz</command>) suspends it. To shutdown and power -z</command> (or <command>zzz</command>) suspends it. To
off the machine, use <command>shutdown -p</command>. Again, shutdown and power off the machine, use <command>shutdown
some or all of these functions may not work very well or at -p</command>. Again, some or all of these functions may not
all.</para> work very well or at all.</para>
<para>You may find that laptop suspension/standby works in <para>You may find that laptop suspension/standby works in
console mode but not under X (that is, the screen does not console mode but not under X (that is, the screen does not
come on again); if you are running &os;&nbsp;5.X, one solution come on again); if you are running &os;&nbsp;5.X, one solution
for this might be to put <literal>options for this might be to put <literal>options
SC_NO_SUSPEND_VTYSWITCH</literal> SC_NO_SUSPEND_VTYSWITCH</literal> in your kernel
in your kernel configuration file and recompile your kernel. configuration file and recompile your kernel. Another
Another workaround is to switch to a virtual console (using workaround is to switch to a virtual console (using <keycombo
<keycombo action="simul"><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F1</keycap></keycombo> action="simul"><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F1</keycap></keycombo>
or another function key) and then execute &man.apm.8;. or another function key) and then execute &man.apm.8;. You
You can automate this with &man.vidcontrol.1;, if you are can automate this with &man.vidcontrol.1;, if you are running
running &man.apmd.8;. Simply edit &man.apmd.8;. Simply edit <filename>/etc/apmd.conf</filename>
<filename>/etc/apmd.conf</filename> and change it to and change it to this:</para>
this:</para>
<programlisting>apm_event SUSPENDREQ { <programlisting>apm_event SUSPENDREQ {
exec "vidcontrol -s 1 &lt; /dev/console"; exec "vidcontrol -s 1 &lt; /dev/console";
@ -274,26 +275,25 @@ apm_event NORMRESUME, STANDBYRESUME {
<para>If you want to disable ACPI simply add <para>If you want to disable ACPI simply add
<literal>hint.acpi.0.disabled="1"</literal> to <literal>hint.acpi.0.disabled="1"</literal> to
<filename>/boot/device.hints</filename>. You can disable <filename>/boot/device.hints</filename>. You can disable ACPI
ACPI temporarily at the boot loader prompt by issuing temporarily at the boot loader prompt by issuing
<literal>unset acpi_load</literal> if you are having problems <literal>unset acpi_load</literal> if you are having problems
booting an ACPI enabled machine. &os;&nbsp;5.1-RELEASE and booting an ACPI enabled machine. &os;&nbsp;5.1-RELEASE and
later come with a boot-time menu that controls how &os; is later come with a boot-time menu that controls how &os; is
booted. One of the proposed options is to turn off ACPI. So booted. One of the proposed options is to turn off ACPI. So
to disable ACPI just select <guimenuitem>2. Boot &os; with ACPI to disable ACPI just select <guimenuitem>2. Boot &os; with
disabled</guimenuitem> in the menu.</para> ACPI disabled</guimenuitem> in the menu.</para>
</sect2> </sect2>
<sect2> <sect2>
<title>Display Power Management</title> <title>Display Power Management</title>
<para>The X window system (<application>&xorg;</application>) also includes display power <para>The X window system (<application>&xorg;</application>)
management (look at the &man.xset.1; manual page, and search for also includes display power management (look at the
<quote>dpms</quote> there). You may want to investigate this. However, this, &man.xset.1; manual page, and search for <quote>dpms</quote>
too, works inconsistently on laptops: it there). You may want to investigate this. However, this,
often turns off the display but does not turn off the too, works inconsistently on laptops: it often turns off the
backlight.</para> display but does not turn off the backlight.</para>
</sect2> </sect2>
</sect1> </sect1>
</article> </article>