This section is based on catpages contributed by Mainichi Communications, Inc. Translated by: MYCOM team Converted by: Japanese Online Manual Project <man-jp@jp.FreeBSD.ORG> Submitted by: Kazuo Horikawa <k-horik@yk.rim.or.jp>
166 lines
5.3 KiB
Groff
166 lines
5.3 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)random.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
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.\"
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.Dd June 4, 1993
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.Dt RANDOM 3
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.Os BSD 4.2
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.Sh ̾¾Î
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.Nm random ,
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.Nm srandom ,
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.Nm srandomdev ,
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.Nm initstate ,
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.Nm setstate
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.Nd Í¥¤ì¤¿Íð¿ô¥¸¥§¥Í¥ì¡¼¥¿¡¢¤ª¤è¤Ó¥¸¥§¥Í¥ì¡¼¥¿¤òÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¥ë¡¼¥Á¥ó
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.Sh ½ñ¼°
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.Fd #include <stdlib.h>
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.Ft long
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.Fn random void
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.Ft void
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.Fn srandom "unsigned long seed"
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.Ft void
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.Fn srandomdev void
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.Ft char *
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.Fn initstate "unsigned long seed" "char *state" "long n"
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.Ft char *
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.Fn setstate "char *state"
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.Sh ²òÀâ
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.Fn random
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´Ø¿ô¤Ï¡¢ÈóÀþ·Á²ÃË¡¥Õ¥£¡¼¥É¥Ð¥Ã¥¯Íð¿ô¥¸¥§¥Í¥ì¡¼¥¿¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¡¢¥µ¥¤¥º¤¬ 31
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¥í¥ó¥°À°¿ô¤Î¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¥Æ¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤òºÎÍѤ·¤Æ¡¢0 ¤«¤é
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.if t 2\u\s731\s10\d\(mi1
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.if n (2**31)\(mi1
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¤Þ¤Ç¤ÎÈϰϤÇϢ³¤·¤¿µ¿»÷Íð¿ô¤òÌᤷ¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤ÎÍð¿ô¥¸¥§¥Í¥ì¡¼¥¿¤Î¼þ´ü¤ÏÈó¾ï¤Ë
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Â礤¯¡¢Ìó
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.if t 16\(mu(2\u\s731\s10\d\(mi1)
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.if n 16*((2**31)\(mi1)
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¤Ç¤¹¡£
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.Pp
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.Fn random
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´Ø¿ô¤È
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.Fn srandom
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´Ø¿ô¤Î¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¥·¡¼¥±¥ó¥¹¤È½é´ü²½¥×¥í¥Ñ¥Æ¥£¤Ï¡¢
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.Xr rand 3
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´Ø¿ô¤È
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.Xr srand 3
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´Ø¿ô¤Î¤â¤Î¤È(¤À¤¤¤¿¤¤)Ʊ¤¸¤Ç¤¹¡£¤·¤«¤·¡¢
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.Xr rand 3
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¤¬ºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¥é¥ó¥À¥à¥·¡¼¥±¥ó¥¹¤Ï¤«¤Ê¤êÎô¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£rand ¤¬ºîÀ®¤¹¤ë²¼°Ì 10
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¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤Ï¡¢½Û´Ä¥Ñ¥¿¡¼¥ó¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£
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.Fn random
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¤¬ºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤Ï¤¹¤Ù¤Æ»ÈÍѤǤ¤Þ¤¹¡£¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð
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.Sq Li random()&01
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¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¥é¥ó¥À¥à¤Ê¥Ð¥¤¥Ê¥êÃͤ¬ºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
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.Pp
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.Xr rand 3
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¤ÈƱ¤¸¤è¤¦¤Ë¡¢
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.Fn random
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¤Ï¿ôÃͤΥ·¡¼¥±¥ó¥¹¤ò¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤ÇºîÀ®¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤Î¥·¡¼¥±¥ó¥¹¤Ï¡¢¼ï¤ò
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.Ql 1
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¤Ë¤·¤Æ
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.Fn srandom
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¤ò¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤¹¤ÈÊ£¼Ì¤Ç¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
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.Pp
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.Fn srandomdev
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¥ë¡¼¥Á¥ó¤Ï¡¢°Å¹æ²½¤Ç¤Î»ÈÍѤËŬ¤·¤¿Íð¿ô¤òÌ᤹
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.Xr urandom 4
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Íð¿ô¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¡¢¾õÂÖÇÛÎó¤ò½é´ü²½¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£¼ï¤òºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¤³¤Î¥×¥í¥·¡¼¥¸¥ã
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¤Ï¡¢¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤ÊÃͤÇ
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.Fn srandom
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¤ò¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¤Æ¤âºÆºîÀ®¤Ç¤¤Ê¤¤¾õÂÖ¤òºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤ËÃí°Õ¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£¾õÂÖ
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¥Ð¥Ã¥Õ¥¡¤Î¸å¤Î¾ò·ï¤Ï¡¢¸ÇÄê¼ï¤ËŬÍѤµ¤ì¤ë LC ¥¢¥ë¥´¥ê¥º¥à¤Ç°ú¤½Ð¤»¤Ê¤¤
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¤«¤é¤Ç¤¹¡£
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.Pp
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.Fn initstate
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¥ë¡¼¥Á¥ó¤Ç¤Ï¡¢°ú¿ô¤È¤·¤ÆÅϤµ¤ì¤¿¾õÂÖÇÛÎó¤ò¸å¤Ç»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¤È¤¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë½é´ü
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²½¤Ç¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
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.Fn initstate
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¤Ï¾õÂÖÇÛÎó¤Î¥µ¥¤¥º(¥Ð¥¤¥Èñ°Ì)¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¡¢Íð¿ô¥¸¥§¥Í¥ì¡¼¥¿¤ÎÊ£»¨¤µ¤ò·è¤á
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¤Þ¤¹¡£¾õÂÖ¤òÂ礤¯¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢Íð¿ô¤Î¼Á¤Ï¾å¤¬¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£(¸½ºß¤Î¤È¤³¤í¡¢¾õÂÖ¾ð
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Êó¤ÎÎ̤ˡֺÇŬ¡×¤ÊÃͤϡ¢8¥Ð¥¤¥È¡¢32¥Ð¥¤¥È¡¢64¥Ð¥¤¥È¡¢128¥Ð¥¤¥È¡¢256 ¥Ð
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¥¤¥È¤Ç¤¹¡£¤½¤Î¾¤ÎÃͤϡ¢ºÇ¤â¶á¤¤ÃͤËÀڤ겼¤²¤é¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£8 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤è¤ê¾®¤µ
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¤¤Ãͤò»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¤È¥¨¥é¡¼¤È¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£)½é´ü²½¤Î¼ï(Íð¿ô¥·¡¼¥±¥ó¥¹¤Î³«»ÏÅÀ¤ò
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»ØÄꤷ¡¢Æ±¤¸ÅÀ¤«¤éºÆ³«¤Ç¤¤ë)¤â°ú¿ô¤Ç¤¹¡£
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.Fn initstate
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´Ø¿ô¤Ï¡¢°ÊÁ°¤Î¾õÂÖ¾ðÊóÇÛÎó¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤òÌᤷ¤Þ¤¹¡£
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.Pp
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¾õÂÖ¤ò½é´ü²½¤·¤¿¤é¡¢
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.Fn setstate
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¥ë¡¼¥Á¥ó¤Ç¾õÂÖ¤òÁÇÁ᤯ÀÚ¤êÂØ¤¨¤é¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
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.Fn setstate
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´Ø¿ô¤Ï¡¢°ÊÁ°¤Î¾õÂÖÇÛÎó¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤òÌᤷ¤Þ¤¹¡£°ú¿ô¤Ç¤¢¤ë¾õÂÖÇÛÎó¤Ï¡¢¼¡¤Ë
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.Fn initstate
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¤«
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.Fn setstate
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¤ò¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤¹¤Þ¤Ç¡¢¤µ¤é¤ËÍð¿ô¤òºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
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.Pp
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¾õÂÖÇÛÎó¤ò½é´ü²½¤·¤¿¤é¡¢
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.Fn initstate
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¤ò(ÌÜŪ¤Î¼ï¡¢¾õÂÖÇÛÎó¡¢¥µ¥¤¥º¤Ç)¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤¹¤«¡¢¾õÂÖÇÛÎó¤ò»ØÄꤷ¤¿
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.Fn setstate
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¤ÈÌÜŪ¤Î¼ï¤ò»ØÄꤷ¤¿
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.Fn srandom
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¤ÎξÊý¤ò¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤¹¤³¤È¤Ç¡¢°Û¤Ê¤ëÅÀ¤«¤éºÆ³«¤Ç¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
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.Fn setstate
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¤È
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.Fn srandom
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¤ÎξÊý¤ò¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤¹¤È¡¢¾õÂÖÇÛÎó¤Î¥µ¥¤¥º¤ò½é´ü²½¤·¤¿¸å¤Çµ²±¤¹¤ëɬÍפ¬¤Ê¤¤
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¤È¤¤¤¦Ä¹½ê¤¬ÆÀ¤é¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
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.Pp
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¾õÂÖ¾ðÊó¤ò 256¥Ð¥¤¥È¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢Íð¿ô¥¸¥§¥Í¥ì¡¼¥¿¤Î¼þ´ü¤Ï
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.if t 2\u\s769\s10\d
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.if n 2**69
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¤è¤êÂ礤¯¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤Î¼þ´ü¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¤Û¤È¤ó¤É¤ÎÌÜŪ¤Ë½½Ê¬¤ËÂбþ¤Ç¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
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.Sh ºî¼Ô
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.An Earl T. Cohen
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.Sh ¿ÇÃÇ
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¾õÂÖ¾ðÊó¤ò 8¥Ð¥¤¥È¤è¤ê¾®¤µ¤¯¤·¤Æ
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.Fn initstate
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¤ò¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¤¿¤ê¡¢¾õÂÖ¾ðÊó¤¬ÏĤá¤é¤ì¤¿¤³¤È¤ò
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.Fn setstate
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¤¬¸¡½Ð¤·¤¿¤ê¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢¥¨¥é¡¼¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤¬É¸½à¥¨¥é¡¼½ÐÎϤ˽ÐÎϤµ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
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.Sh ´ØÏ¢¹àÌÜ
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.Xr rand 3 ,
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.Xr srand 3 ,
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.Xr urandom 4
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.Sh Îò»Ë
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¤³¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ï¡¢
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.Bx 4.2
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¤ËÄɲ䵤ì¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£
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.Sh ¥Ð¥°
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½èÍý®Å٤ϡ¢
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.Xr rand 3
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¤ÎÌó 2/3 ¤Ç¤¹¡£
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.Pp
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¸Å¤¤¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ï¼ï¤ÎºîÀ®¤¬Èó¾ï¤Ë¼å¤¯¡¢¥é¥ó¥À¥à¥·¡¼¥±¥ó¥¹¤Ï¼ï¤È¤¢¤Þ¤ê
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ÊѤï¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¤Ç¤·¤¿¡£¸½ºß¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ï¡¢¤è¤êÎɤ¤µ¿»÷Íð¿ô¥¸¥§¥Í¥ì¡¼¥¿¤ò
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½é´ü¾õÂ֤λ»½Ð¤ËºÎÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
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