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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /><title>FreeBSD 9.3-RELEASE README</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="docbook.css" /><link rev="made" href="doc@FreeBSD.org" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.78.1" /><meta name="description" content="This document gives a brief introduction to FreeBSD 9.3-RELEASE. It includes some information on how to obtain FreeBSD, a listing of various ways to contact the FreeBSD Project, and pointers to some other sources of information." /></head><body><div class="article"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="idp61541152"></a>FreeBSD 9.3-RELEASE README</h1></div><div><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="orgname">The FreeBSD Project</span></h3></div></div><div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="copyright">Copyright © 2014 The FreeBSD Documentation Project</p></div><div><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="legalnotice"><a id="trademarks"></a><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">FreeBSD is a registered trademark of
  the FreeBSD Foundation. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386,
  i486, Itanium, Pentium, and Xeon are trademarks or registered
  trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United
  States and other countries. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Motif, OSF/1, and UNIX are
  registered trademarks and IT DialTone and The Open Group are
  trademarks of The Open Group in the United States and other
  countries. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">SPARC, SPARC64, and
  UltraSPARC are trademarks of SPARC International, Inc in the United
  States and other countries.  SPARC International, Inc owns all of the
  SPARC trademarks and under licensing agreements allows the proper use
  of these trademarks by its members. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Many of the designations used by
  manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed
  as trademarks.  Where those designations appear in this document,
  and the FreeBSD Project was aware of the trademark claim, the
  designations have been followed by the <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">&#8482;</span>&#8221;</span> or the
  <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">®</span>&#8221;</span> symbol. </p></div></div><div>Last modified on 2014-07-08 by gjb.</div><div><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="abstract"><div class="abstract-title">Abstract</div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">This document gives a brief introduction to FreeBSD
        9.3-RELEASE.  It includes some information on how to
        obtain FreeBSD, a listing of various ways to contact the FreeBSD
        Project, and pointers to some other sources of
        information. </p></div></div></div><hr /></div><div class="toc"><div class="toc-title">Table of Contents</div><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#intro">1. Introduction</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#obtain">2. Obtaining FreeBSD</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#contacting">3. Contacting the FreeBSD Project</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#seealso">4. Further Reading</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#acknowledgements">5. Acknowledgments</a></span></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="intro"></a>1. Introduction</h2></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">This distribution is a release of FreeBSD 9.3-RELEASE, the
      latest point along the 9.3-STABLE branch. </p><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="idp61915552"></a>1.1. About FreeBSD</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">FreeBSD is an operating system based on 4.4 BSD Lite for
	AMD64 and Intel EM64T based PC hardware (amd64),
	Intel, AMD, Cyrix or NexGen <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">x86</span>&#8221;</span> based PC hardware (i386),
	Intel Itanium Processor based computers (ia64),
	NEC PC-9801/9821 series PCs and compatibles (pc98),
	and <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">UltraSPARC</span>® machines (sparc64).  Versions
	for the <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">ARM</span>® (arm), <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">MIPS</span>® (mips), and
	<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">PowerPC</span>® (powerpc) architectures are currently under
	development as well.  FreeBSD works with a wide variety of
	peripherals and configurations and can be used for everything
	from software development to games to Internet Service
	Provision. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">This release of FreeBSD contains everything you need to run
	such a system, including full source code for the kernel and
	all utilities in the base distribution.  With the source
	distribution installed, you can literally recompile the entire
	system from scratch with one command, making it ideal for
	students, researchers, or users who simply want to see how it
	all works. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A large collection of third-party ported software (the
	<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Ports Collection</span>&#8221;</span>) is also provided to make it
	easy to obtain and install all your favorite traditional <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">UNIX</span>®
	utilities for FreeBSD.  Each <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">port</span>&#8221;</span> consists of a
	set of scripts to retrieve, configure, build, and install a
	piece of software, with a single command.  Over 24,000
	ports, from editors to programming languages to graphical
	applications, make FreeBSD a powerful and comprehensive operating
	environment that extends far beyond what's provided by many
	commercial versions of <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">UNIX</span>®.  Most ports are also available as
	pre-compiled <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">packages</span>&#8221;</span>, which can be quickly
	installed from the installation program. </p></div><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="idp61931936"></a>1.2. Target Audience</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">This release of FreeBSD is suitable for all users.  It
	has undergone a period of testing and quality assurance
	checking to ensure the highest reliability and
	dependability. </p></div></div><div class="sect1"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="obtain"></a>2. Obtaining FreeBSD</h2></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">FreeBSD may be obtained in a variety of ways.  This section
      focuses on those ways that are primarily useful for obtaining a
      complete FreeBSD distribution, rather than updating an existing
      installation. </p><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="idp61947936"></a>2.1. CDROM and DVD</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">FreeBSD -RELEASE distributions may be ordered on CDROM or DVD
	from several publishers.  This is frequently the most
	convenient way to obtain FreeBSD for new installations, as it
	provides a convenient way to quickly reinstall the system if
	necessary.  Some distributions include some of the optional,
	precompiled <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">packages</span>&#8221;</span> from the FreeBSD Ports
	Collection, or other extra material. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A list of the CDROM and DVD publishers known to the
	project are listed in the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors.html" target="_top"><span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Obtaining
	FreeBSD</span>&#8221;</span></a> appendix to the Handbook. </p></div><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="idp61956896"></a>2.2. FTP</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">You can use FTP to retrieve FreeBSD and any or all of its
	optional packages from <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="uri"><a class="uri" href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/" target="_top">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/</a></code>, which is the official
	FreeBSD release site, or any of its
	<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">mirrors</span>&#8221;</span>. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Lists of locations that mirror FreeBSD can be found in the
	<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html" target="_top">FTP
	Sites</a> section of the Handbook.
	Finding a close (in networking terms) mirror from which to
	download the distribution is highly recommended. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Additional mirror sites are always welcome.  Contact
	<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="email">&lt;<a xmlns="" class="email" href="mailto:freebsd-admin@FreeBSD.org">freebsd-admin@FreeBSD.org</a>&gt;</code> for more details on
	becoming an official mirror site.  You can also find useful
        information for mirror sites at the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/hubs/" target="_top">Mirroring
        FreeBSD</a> article. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Mirrors generally contain the ISO images generally used to
	create a CDROM of a FreeBSD release.  They usually also contain
	floppy disk images (for applicable platforms), as well as the
	files necessary to do an installation over the network.
	Finally mirrors sites usually contain a set of packages for
	the most current release. </p></div></div><div class="sect1"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="contacting"></a>3. Contacting the FreeBSD Project</h2></div></div></div><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="idp61970336"></a>3.1. Email and Mailing Lists</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">For any questions or general technical support issues,
	please send mail to the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions" target="_top">FreeBSD general questions mailing list</a>. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">If you're tracking the 9.3-STABLE development efforts, you
	<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="emphasis"><em>must</em></span> join the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-stable" target="_top">FreeBSD-STABLE mailing list</a>, in order to
	keep abreast of recent developments and changes that may
	affect the way you use and maintain the system. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Being a largely-volunteer effort, the FreeBSD
	Project is always happy to have extra hands willing to help&#8212;there are already far more desired enhancements than
	there is time to implement them.  To contact the developers on
	technical matters, or with offers of help, please send mail to
	the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-hackers" target="_top">FreeBSD technical discussions mailing list</a>. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Please note that these mailing lists can experience
	<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="emphasis"><em>significant</em></span> amounts of traffic.  If you
	have slow or expensive mail access, or are only interested in
	keeping up with major FreeBSD events, you may find it
	preferable to subscribe instead to the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-announce" target="_top">FreeBSD announcements mailing list</a>. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">All of the mailing lists can be freely joined by anyone
	wishing to do so.  Visit the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../mailman/listinfo" target="_top">
	FreeBSD Mailman Info Page</a>.  This will give you more
	information on joining the various lists, accessing archives,
	etc.  There are a number of mailing lists targeted at special
	interest groups not mentioned here; more information can be
	obtained either from the Mailman pages or the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../support.html#mailing-list" target="_top">mailing
	lists section</a> of the FreeBSD Web site. </p><div xmlns="" class="important"><h3 class="admontitle">Important: </h3><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Do <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> send email to the lists
	  asking to be subscribed.  Use the Mailman interface
	  instead. </p></div></div><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="idp61997728"></a>3.2. Submitting Problem Reports</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Suggestions, bug reports and contributions of code are
	always valued&#8212;please do not hesitate to report any
	problems you may find.  Bug reports with attached fixes are of
	course even more welcome. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The method to submit bug reports from a machine
	with Internet mail connectivity is to use the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="https://bugs.freebsd.org/submit/" target="_top">Bugzilla web
	  interface</a>.
	<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Problem Reports</span>&#8221;</span> (PRs) submitted in this way
	will be filed and their progress tracked; the FreeBSD developers
	will do their best to respond to all reported bugs as soon as
	possible.  A <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="https://bugs.freebsd.org/search/" target="_top">search
	  interface</a> of all active PRs is available;
	this list is useful to find what potential problems other users
	have encountered. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Note that <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=send-pr&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">send-pr</span>(1)</span></a> is a stub shell script, and
	instructs to use the Bugzilla interface. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">For more information, <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/problem-reports/" target="_top"><span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Writing
	FreeBSD Problem Reports</span>&#8221;</span></a>, available on the FreeBSD Web
	site, has a number of helpful hints on writing and submitting
	effective problem reports. </p></div></div><div class="sect1"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="seealso"></a>4. Further Reading</h2></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">There are many sources of information about FreeBSD; some are
      included with this distribution, while others are available
      on-line or in print versions. </p><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="release-docs"></a>4.1. Release Documentation</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A number of other files provide more specific information
	about this release distribution.  These files are
	provided in various formats.  Most distributions will include
	both ASCII text (<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">.TXT</code>) and HTML
	(<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">.HTM</code>) renditions.  Some distributions
	may also include other formats such as Portable Document Format
	(<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">.PDF</code>).

	<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"><code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">README.TXT</code>: This file, which
	      gives some general information about FreeBSD as well as
	      some cursory notes about obtaining a
	      distribution. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"><code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">RELNOTES.TXT</code>: The release
	      notes, showing what's new and different in FreeBSD
	      9.3-RELEASE compared to the previous release (FreeBSD
	      9.2-RELEASE). </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"><code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">HARDWARE.TXT</code>: The hardware
	      compatibility list, showing devices with which FreeBSD has
	      been tested and is known to work. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"><code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">ERRATA.TXT</code>: Release errata.
	      Late-breaking, post-release information can be found in
	      this file, which is principally applicable to releases
	      (as opposed to snapshots).  It is important to consult
	      this file before installing a release of FreeBSD, as it
	      contains the latest information on problems which have
	      been found and fixed since the release was
	      created. </p></li></ul></div>
       </p><div xmlns="" class="note"><h3 class="admontitle">Note: </h3><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">It is extremely important to read the errata for any
	  given release before installing it, to learn about any
	  <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">late-breaking news</span>&#8221;</span> or post-release problems.
	  The errata file accompanying each release (most likely right
	  next to this file) is already out of date by definition, but
	  other copies are kept updated on the Internet and should be
	  consulted as the <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">current errata</span>&#8221;</span> for this
	  release.  These other copies of the errata are located at
	  <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="uri"><a class="uri" href="../../../../releases/" target="_top">the FreeBSD releases page</a></code> (as
	  well as any sites which keep up-to-date mirrors of this
	  location). </p></div></div><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="idp62059424"></a>4.2. Manual Pages</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">As with almost all <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">UNIX</span>® like operating systems, FreeBSD comes
	with a set of on-line manual pages, accessed through the
	<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=man&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">man</span>(1)</span></a> command or through the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi" target="_top">hypertext manual
	pages gateway</a> on the FreeBSD Web site.  In general, the
	manual pages provide information on the different commands and
	APIs available to the FreeBSD user. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">In some cases, manual pages are written to give
	information on particular topics.  Notable examples of such
	manual pages are <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tuning&amp;sektion=7"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">tuning</span>(7)</span></a> (a guide to performance tuning),
	<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=security&amp;sektion=7"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">security</span>(7)</span></a> (an introduction to FreeBSD security), and
	<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=style&amp;sektion=9"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">style</span>(9)</span></a> (a style guide to kernel coding). </p></div><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="idp62073888"></a>4.3. Books and Articles</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Two highly-useful collections of FreeBSD-related information,
	maintained by the FreeBSD Project,
	are the FreeBSD Handbook and FreeBSD FAQ (Frequently Asked
	Questions document).  On-line versions of the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/" target="_top">Handbook</a>
	and <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq/" target="_top">FAQ</a>
	are always available from the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../docs.html" target="_top">FreeBSD Documentation
	page</a> or its mirrors.  If you install the
	<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">doc</code> distribution set, you can use a Web
	browser to read the Handbook and FAQ locally.  In particular,
	note that the Handbook contains a step-by-step guide to
	installing FreeBSD. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A number of on-line books and articles, also maintained by
        the FreeBSD Project, cover more-specialized, FreeBSD-related topics.
        This material spans a wide range of topics, from effective use
        of the mailing lists, to dual-booting FreeBSD with other
        operating systems, to guidelines for new committers.  Like the
        Handbook and FAQ, these documents are available from the FreeBSD
        Documentation Page or in the <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">doc</code>
        distribution set. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A listing of other books and documents about FreeBSD can be
        found in the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/bibliography.html" target="_top">bibliography</a>
        of the FreeBSD Handbook.  Because of FreeBSD's strong <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">UNIX</span>® heritage,
        many other articles and books written for <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">UNIX</span>® systems are
        applicable as well, some of which are also listed in the
        bibliography. </p></div></div><div class="sect1"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="acknowledgements"></a>5. Acknowledgments</h2></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">FreeBSD represents the cumulative work of many hundreds, if not
      thousands, of individuals from around the world who have worked
      countless hours to bring about this release.  For a
      complete list of FreeBSD developers and contributors, please see
      <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/contributors/" target="_top"><span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Contributors
      to FreeBSD</span>&#8221;</span></a> on the FreeBSD Web site or any of its
      mirrors. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Special thanks also go to the many thousands of FreeBSD users
      and testers all over the world, without whom this release
      simply would not have been possible. </p></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" align="center"><small>This file, and other release-related documents,
      can be downloaded from <a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/">http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/</a>.</small></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" align="center"><small>For questions about FreeBSD, read the
      <a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/docs.html">documentation</a> before
      contacting &lt;<a href="mailto:questions@FreeBSD.org">questions@FreeBSD.org</a>&gt;.</small></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" align="center"><small>All users of FreeBSD 9.3-STABLE should
      subscribe to the &lt;<a href="mailto:stable@FreeBSD.org">stable@FreeBSD.org</a>&gt;
      mailing list.</small></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" align="center"><small>For questions about this documentation,
      e-mail &lt;<a href="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">doc@FreeBSD.org</a>&gt;.</small></p></body></html>