doc/en/gnome/docs/faq2.sgml
Joe Marcus Clarke deb52c0f32 Add a Q/A on modifying GTK+ 2 resources outside of the GNOME desktop.
Submitted by:	Glenn Johnson <glennpj@charter.net>
2002-09-22 06:47:22 +00:00

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<!ENTITY date "$FreeBSD: www/en/gnome/docs/faq2.sgml,v 1.14 2002/09/20 02:11:47 marcus Exp $">
<!ENTITY title "FreeBSD GNOME Project: GNOME 2.0 FAQ">
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<table border="0">
<tr>
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<h2>Contents</h2>
<ol>
<li> <a href="#q1">How do I get GNOME 2.0 for FreeBSD?</a>
<li> <a href="#q2">GNOME 2.0 is failing to build from ports. What
do I do?</a>
<li> <a href="#q3">I installed GNOME 2.0, but I am missing
application foo. What gives?</a>
<li> <a href="#q4">What is the best way to upgrade from GNOME
1.4.1 to GNOME 2.0?</a>
<li> <a href="#q5">How do I keep my GNOME 2.0 components
and applications up-to-date?</a>
<li> <a href="#q6">Can I install GNOME 1.4.1 applications under
GNOME 2.0 and vice versa?</a>
<li> <a href="#q7">Where can I get more themes for GNOME 2.0?</a>
<li> <a href="#q8">What window managers work well with GNOME 2.0?
</a>
<li> <a href="#q9">Does GNOME 2.0 support anti-aliased fonts?</a>
<li> <a href="#q10">How do I edit my GNOME 2 menus?</a>
<li> <a href="#q11">How do I use GTK+ 2 resource settings for
GTK+ 2 applications when not in a GNOME environment?</a>
</ol>
<h2>Full Text </h2>
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2">
<!-- Q1 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q1"> 1.</a></b>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>How do I get GNOME 2.0 for FreeBSD?</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<!-- A1 -->
<td width="10"> <br> </td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p>There are two ways to install GNOME 2.0 on FreeBSD. One way is to use
<a href="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/packages-using.html">
packages</a>, and the other way is to use
<a href="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ports-using.html">
ports</a>.</p>
<p>To install GNOME 2.0 from packages, use the command:</p>
<tt># pkg_add -r gnome2</tt>
<p>This will download the latest GNOME 2.0 packages from the
FreeBSD FTP site, and proceed to install them on your system.
<b>Note:</b> Currently, building GNOME 2.0 from packages is
broken. GNOME 2.0 is still new, and work is being done to
improve the package installation process. You should instead
use the ports method below.</p>
<p>To build and install GNOME 2.0 from ports, you should first
<a href="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/cvsup.html">
cvsup</a> the latest ports tree. Then:</p>
<pre>
# cd /usr/ports/x11/gnome2
# make clean
# make install clean
</pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><br></td></tr>
<!-- Q2 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q2"> 2.</a></b></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>GNOME 2.0 is failing to build from ports. What do I do?</b>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- A2 -->
<tr>
<td width="10"> <br> </td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p>The majority of GNOME 2.0 compilation problems can be solved
by making sure all the necessary GNOME 2.0 components are
up-to-date. You may see compiler errors relating to pthreads
(POSIX threads), such as:</p>
<pre>
undefined reference to 'strerror_r'
</pre>
<p>To fix thread related errors, make sure you have the following
compiled into your kernel:</p>
<pre>
options P1003_1B
options _KPOSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING
</pre>
<p>And make sure if you are tracking -stable or -current, that you
do <b>not</b> have <tt>NOLIBC_R</tt> set in
<tt>/etc/make.conf</tt>. If you do, remove it, then rebuild world.
If you still have trouble, please send email to
<a href="mailto:&email;@FreeBSD.org">
&email;@FreeBSD.org</a> with the output of the failed compilation.
It is also helpful to include the config.log from the port's
work directory.</p>
<p>Ports such as <tt>devel/pth</tt> and <tt>devel/ngpt</tt> can
also cause pthread-related problems when compiling GNOME 2.0.
If you do not need these ports installed, it is recommended
you remove them.
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><br></td></tr>
<!-- Q3 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q3"> 3.</a></b></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>I installed GNOME 2.0, but I am missing application foo.
What gives?</b>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- A3 -->
<tr>
<td width="10"> <br> </td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p>Only the core components, and a few extras, are included in the
<tt>gnome2</tt> package. Since GNOME 2.0 is so new, there
have not been a great deal of applications ported over to it.
As more applications become available, they will be ported
over. In the meantime, you can, however, run
<a href="#q6">GNOME 1.4.1 applications</a> under GNOME 2.0.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><br></td></tr>
<!-- Q4 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q4"> 4.</a></b></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>What is the best way to upgrade from GNOME 1.4.1 to GNOME 2.0?
</b>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- A4 -->
<tr>
<td width="10"> <br> </td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p>Right now, the GNOME project is still very much in flux.
Work still must be done to the GNOME ports infrastructure in
order to get things working cleanly. However, if you have
GNOME 1.4.1, and you want to upgrade to GNOME 2.0, first
familiarize yourself with the <a href="http://www.gnome.org/start/2.0/installation.html#upgrading">official</a> upgrade instructions from
the GNOME site. Next, make sure your GNOME 1.4.1 ports are
up-to-date, then remove the following GNOME 1.4.1 packages from
the system:</p>
<pre>
gnomecore
sawfish
gnomeapplets
gnomemedia
gtop
libgtop
nautilus
glade
gedit
xalf
bugbuddy
gnomegames
gnomeutils
gdm
eog
</pre>
<p>After those packages are removed, you can build GNOME 2.0 per the
instructions listed above.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><br></td></tr>
<!-- Q5 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q5"> 5.</a></b></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>How do I keep my GNOME 2.0 components and applications
up-to-date?</b>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- A5 -->
<tr>
<td width="10"> <br> </td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p>I find that <tt>/usr/ports/sysutils/portupgrade</tt> works really
well. For example:</p>
<tt># portupgrade -r pkgconfig</tt>
<p>This will upgrade pkgconfig and every other port that depends
on it (that needs updating).</p>
<p>However, sometimes so much changes that it becomes
necessary to do a little housekeeping first. In that case, this
usually works:</p>
<pre>
# pkg_delete -r pkgconfig\*
# cd /usr/ports/x11/gnome2
# make clean
# make install clean
</pre>
<p>These steps will remove <b>all</b> the GNOME 1 and 2 components
and applications from your machine, but only reinstalls the
GNOME 2 desktop. You should be aware, that if it comes to
this, you will need to reinstall your applications after
reinstalling the desktop. Fortunately, this extreme measure
is only rarely needed.
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><br></td></tr>
<!-- Q6 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q6"> 6.</a></b></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>Can I install GNOME 1.4.1 applications under GNOME 2.0 and vice
versa?</b>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- A6 -->
<tr>
<td width="10"> <br> </td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p>Sure! Right now, the FreeBSD GNOME team is in the process or
migrating all GNOME 1.4.1 ports to a new build infrastructure.
This new infrastructure, called <b>GNOMENG</b>, will allow
GNOME 2 users to install GNOME 1.4.1 ports without overwriting
their GNOME 2 desktop.</p>
<p>Before building a GNOME 1.4.1 port under GNOME 2, take a
look at the port's Makefile, and check that it contains:</p>
<pre>
USE_GNOMENG= yes
</pre>
<p>If it does, you can safely build this port under GNOME 2.
If the Makefile contains the following, do not build it
as it will overwrite your GNOME 2 desktop:</p>
<pre>
USE_GNOME= yes
</pre>
<p>In that case, send email to
<a href="mailto:&email;@FreeBSD.org">&email;@FreeBSD.org</a>
mention the name of the port, and we will convert it to the
new layout. Alternatively, you are free to convert the port
yourself, and submit a PR.</p>
<p><b>NOTE!</b> You <b>must</b> have a current
<tt>/usr/ports/Mk</tt> directory in order to make use
of the new GNOMENG framework. If you do not have a current
Mk directory, you will still overwrite your GNOME 2 desktop
even when USE_GNOMENG is defined. To update your Mk directory,
make sure your ports supfile is set to retrieve the
<b>ports-base</b> tag. This is done automatically if your
supfile contains the <b>ports-all</b> tag.
</p>
<p>To run GNOME 2.0 applications under GNOME 1.4.1, you will need
to make sure your GNOME 1.4.1 components are up-to-date, then
install the <tt>gnome2-devel</tt> port. To install this port
do the following:</p>
<pre>
# cd /usr/ports/devel/gnome2-devel
# make clean
# make install
</pre>
<p>After installing the <tt>gnome2-devel</tt> port, you will
be able to install <b>non-desktop</b> GNOME 2.0 applications
(e.g. <tt>math/gcalctool</tt>).</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><br></td></tr>
<!-- Q7 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q7"> 7.</a></b></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>Where can I get more themes for GNOME 2.0?</b>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- A7 -->
<tr>
<td width="10"> <br> </td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p>The website <a href="http://www.sunshineinabag.co.uk/">
Sunshine in a Bag</a> has been setup as a general GNOME theme
repository. They offer some gtk+-2.0, metacity, sawfish,
nautilus, and gdm themes, as well as some backgrounds.</p>
<p>A new theme site called <a href="http://www.themedepot.org">
The Theme Depot</a> has just been launched. This site contains
themes for GNOME 2 as well as KDE and quite a few window
managers.
</p>
<p>See the instructions on the website for installing the themes.
If you feel inclined to port a few of them, you will not be
turned away ;-).</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><br></td></tr>
<!-- Q8 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q8"> 8.</a></b></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>What window managers work well with GNOME 2.0?</b>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- A8 -->
<tr>
<td width="10"> <br> </td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p>The <tt>gnome2</tt> meta-port installs the
<a href="http://sawmill.sourceforge.net/">sawfish</a> and
metacity window managers by default. Both
work quite well in GNOME 2.0. A lot of people prefer metacity
since it is lighter weight. However, sawfish will be used as
the default Window manager.</p>
<p>To switch between sawfish and metacity in GNOME 2, you will need
to do the following:</p>
<pre>
killall sawfish; sleep 5; metacity &
</pre>
<p>To switch back, simply reverse sawfish and metacity. In
an upcoming release of gnomecontrolcenter2, there will be
a more user-friendly way of doing this.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><br></td></tr>
<!-- Q9 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q9"> 9.</a></b></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>Does GNOME 2.0 support anti-aliased fonts?</b>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- A9 -->
<tr>
<td width="10"><br></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p>Yes! Anti-aliasing requires XFree86 4.x with
freetype2 support. To add freetype2 support to X, make
sure you have the following modules loaded in your
XF86Config file under the Modules section:</p>
<pre>
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
</pre>
<p>Then, simply set the environment variable
<tt>GDK_USE_XFT</tt> to 1 before starting GNOME.
If you use gdm, you can add it to your <tt>~/.gnomerc</tt>
file (make sure this file is executable!). If you use startx,
then add it to your <tt>~/.xinitrc</tt> file.</p>
<p>If you have any questions, please send them to
<a href="mailto:&email;@FreeBSD.org">&email;@FreeBSD.org</a>.
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><br></td></tr>
<!-- Q10 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q10"> 10.</a></b></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>How do I edit my GNOME 2 menus?</b>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- A10 -->
<tr>
<td width="10"><br></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p>You need to use Nautilus to edit your GNOME 2 menus. If you
want to edit any menu other than Favorites, you must be
root. This feature requires GNOME 2.0.2 or later.</p>
<p>To edit the menus, launch Nautilus, and enter the URL
<b>applications:///</b>. From there you should be able to edit
your entire application menu.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><br></td></tr>
<!-- Q11 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q11"> 11.</a></b></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>How do I use GTK+ 2 resource settings for GTK+ 2 applications
when not in a GNOME environment?</b>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- A11 -->
<tr>
<td width="10"><br></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p> GNOME 2 applications get their GTK+ 2 resources from themes and
the corresponding theme engine. If you would rather run your
GTK+ 2 applications in a non-GNOME environment then you will
need to create a file named <tt>~/.gtkrc-2.0</tt>. For the
most part, you can transfer your settings from your
<tt>~/.gtkrc</tt> (used for GTK+ 1.2) file with a couple
of caveats.</p>
<ol>
<li> If you have any theme engine references, you will have
to make sure there is a corresponding GTK+ 2 theme engine,
otherwise remove the engine entries.</li>
<li> The default font specification should be outside of
any <tt>style</tt> blocks and should be specified with
the <tt>gtk-font-name</tt> keyword. For example:
<pre>gtk-font-name = "Verdana 11"</pre>
</li>
</ol>
</td>
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