d1534953b1
Do not begin a line with single quote character. Submitted by: Kazuo Horikawa <k-horik@yk.rim.or.jp>
366 lines
6.7 KiB
Groff
366 lines
6.7 KiB
Groff
.\" FreeSec: libcrypt for NetBSD
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1994 David Burren
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the author nor the names of other contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" %Id: crypt.3,v 1.6 1997/02/22 14:40:30 peter Exp %
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.\"
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.\" Manual page, using -mandoc macros
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.\"
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.Dd March 9, 1994
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.Dt CRYPT 3
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.Os
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.Sh ̾¾Î
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.Nm crypt ,
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.Nm setkey ,
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.Nm encrypt ,
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.Nm des_setkey ,
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.Nm des_cipher
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.Nd DES °Å¹æ²½
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.Sh ½ñ¼°
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.Fd #include <unistd.h>
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.Ft char *
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.Fn crypt "const char *key" "const char *setting"
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.Ft int
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.Fn setkey "const char *key"
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.Ft int
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.Fn encrypt "char *block" "int flag"
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.Ft int
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.Fn des_setkey "const char *key"
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.Ft int
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.Fn des_cipher "const char *in" "char *out" "long salt" "int count"
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.Sh ²òÀâ
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.Fn crypt
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´Ø¿ô¤Ï¡¢¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤Î°Å¹æ²½¤ò¹Ô¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤ì¤Ï
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.Tn NBS
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¥Ç¡¼¥¿°Å¹æ²½µ¬³Ê
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(NBS Data Encryption Standard)
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¤ËͳÍ褹¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£¥¡¼¸¡º÷¤Î»î¤ß¤ò
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Ëɻߤ¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¡¢¤½¤Î¾¤Î¥³¡¼¥É¤¬Äɲ䵤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
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.Nm crypt
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¤ÎºÇ½é¤Î°ú¿ô¤Ï
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.Dv NUL
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¤Ç½ªÎ»¤¹¤ë¥¹¥È¥ê¥ó¥°¤Ç¤¹
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(
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Ä̾ï¤Ï¡¢¥æ¡¼¥¶¤¬ÆþÎϤ·¤¿¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É
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)
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¡£
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2 ÈÖ¤á¤Î
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°ú¿ô¤Ï¡¢Ä¹¤µ¤¬
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9 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤Î¥¥ã¥é¥¯¥¿ÇÛÎó¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¢¥¢¥ó¥À¡¼¥¹¥³¥¢
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(``_'')
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¤Ë¡¢
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4 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤ÎÈ¿Éü¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¤È
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4 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤Î
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salt
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¤¬Â³¤¤¤¿¤â¤Î¤Ç¹½À®¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£È¿Éü
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.Fa count
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¤È
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.Fa salt
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¤ÎξÊý¤¬¡¢¥¥ã¥é¥¯¥¿Åö¤¿¤ê
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6 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤Ç¥¨¥ó¥³¡¼¥É¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
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ºÇ²¼°Ì¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤¬ºÇ½é¤Ç¤¹¡£¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì
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0 ¤«¤é
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63 ¤ÎÃͤ¬¡¢
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``./0-9A- Za-z''
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¥¥ã¥é¥¯¥¿¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¥¨¥ó¥³¡¼¥É¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
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.Pp
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.Fa salt
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¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¡¢
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16777216 ¸Ä¤Î²Äǽ¤ÊÊýË¡¤Î
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1 ¤Ä¤Ç¡¢
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.Tn DES
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¥¢¥ë¥´¥ê¥º¥àÆâ¤Ë
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̵Ãá½ø¤ò°ú¤µ¯¤³¤·¤Þ¤¹
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(
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Æäˡ¢
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.Ar salt
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¤Î¥Ó¥Ã¥È
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.Em i
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¤¬ÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢
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.Em i
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¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤È
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.Em i+24
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¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤¬
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.Tn DES
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"E" ¥Ü¥Ã¥¯¥¹½ÐÎϤǥ¹¥ï¥Ã¥×¤µ¤ì¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ç¤¹
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)
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¡£
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.Ar key
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¤Ï
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8 ¥¥ã¥é¥¯¥¿¤Î¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ëʬ¤±¤é¤ì
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(
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ºÇ¸å¤Îû¤¤¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ï
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NULL
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¤Ç¥Ñ¥Ã¥É¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹
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)
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¡¢³Æ¥¥ã¥é¥¯¥¿¤Î²¼°Ì¤Î
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7 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È
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(
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¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤´¤È¤Ë
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56 ¸Ä
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)
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¤¬¡¢°Ê¹ß¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë
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DES
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¥¡¼¤ò·ÁÀ®¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ë»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
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56 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤ÎºÇ½é¤Î¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤¬¡¢½é´ü
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DES
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¥¡¼¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£¤½¤Î¾¤Î³Æ¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¡¢¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤ª¤è¤Ó
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DES
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¥¡¼¼«ÂΤΰŹ沽¤ÎÇÓ¾ŪÏÀÍýÏÂ
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(XOR)
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¤¬¼¡¤Î
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DES
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¥¡¼¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ºÇ¸å¤Ë¡¢
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ºÇ½ªÅª¤Ê
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DES
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¥¡¼¤¬»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤Æ
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64 ¥Ó¥Ã¥ÈÄê¿ô¤Î
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.Ar count
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ÎßÀѰŹ沽¤¬
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¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£ÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ëÃͤϡ¢
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.Dv NUL
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¤Ç½ªÎ»¤¹¤ë¥¹¥È¥ê¥ó¥°¤Ç¡¢Ä¹¤µ¤Ï
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20 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¡¢
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.Ar setting
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¤Ë¥¨¥ó¥³¡¼¥É¤µ¤ì¤¿
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64 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤Î°Å¹æ²½¤¬Â³¤¤¤¿¤â¤Î¤Ç¹½À®¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
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.Pp
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.Xr crypt 3
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¤Î²áµî¤Î¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤È¤Î¸ß´¹À¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë¡¢
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.Ar setting
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¤Ï¡¢¾åµ¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë
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¥¨¥ó¥³¡¼¥É¤µ¤ì¤¿
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2 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤Î
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salt
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¤Ç¹½À®¤Ç¤¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢È¿Éü
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.Ar count
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25
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¤¬
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»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¡¢ÀÝÆ°¤Î¾¯¤Ê¤¤
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.Tn DES
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¤¬ÍøÍѤǤ¡¢ºÇĹ
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8 ¥¥ã¥é¥¯¥¿¤Î
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.Ar key
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¤¬
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»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£ÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ëÃͤÏ
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.Dv NUL
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¤Ç½ªÎ»¤¹¤ëŤµ¤¬
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13 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤Î¥¹¥È¥ê¥ó¥°
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¤Ç¤¹¡£
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.Pp
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´Ø¿ô
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.Fn encrypt
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¡¢
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.Fn setkey
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¡¢
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.Fn des_setkey
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¡¢¤ª¤è¤Ó
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.Fn des_cipher
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¤Ç¤Ï¡¢
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.Tn DES
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¥¢¥ë¥´¥ê¥º¥à¤Ë¡¢À©¸Â¤µ¤ì¤¿¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¤¬¤Ç¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
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.Fn setkey
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¤Ø¤Î¥¡¼
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.Ar key
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°ú¿ô¤Ï¡¢
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64 ¥¥ã¥é¥¯¥¿¤Î¥Ð¥¤¥Ê¥êÃÍ
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(
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¿ô»ú¤Î
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0 ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï
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1)
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¤ÎÇÛÎó¤Ç¤¹¡£
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56 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤Î
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¥¡¼¤Ï¤³¤ÎÇÛÎ󤫤éƳ½Ð¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£¤½¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ÇÛÎó¤ò
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8 ¤Ä¤Î¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ë
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ʬ³ä¤·¡¢³Æ¥°¥ë¡¼¥×Æâ¤ÎºÇ¸å¤Î¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤ò̵»ë¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£
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.Pp
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.Fn encrypt
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¤Î°ú¿ô
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.Fa block
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¤â¡¢¥Ð¥¤¥Ê¥êÃͤÎ
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64 ¥¥ã¥é¥¯¥¿ÇÛÎó¤Ç¤¹¡£
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.Fa flag
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¤ÎÃͤ¬
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0 ¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢°ú¿ô
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.Fa block
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¤Ï°Å¹æ²½¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£¤½¤¦¤Ç¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢
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°Å¹æ²ò½ü¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£°Å¹æ²½¤Þ¤¿¤Ï°Å¹æ²ò½ü¤Ï¡¢¤½¤ì¤ò½èÍý¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë
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.Fn setkey
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¤¬
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»ØÄꤷ¤¿¥¡¼¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤¿¸å¡¢¥ª¥ê¥¸¥Ê¥ë¤ÎÇÛÎó
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.Fa block
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Æâ¤ËÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
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.Pp
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.Fn des_setkey
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´Ø¿ô¤È
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.Fn des_cipher
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´Ø¿ô¤Ï¹â®¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¢
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.Fn setkey
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¤ª¤è¤Ó
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.Fn encrypt
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¤è¤ê°Ü¿¢À¤ÏÎô¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£
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.Fn des_setkey
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¤Ø¤Î°ú¿ô¤Ï¡¢Ä¹¤µ¤¬
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8 ¤Î
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¥¥ã¥é¥¯¥¿ÇÛÎó¤Ç¤¹¡£³Æ¥¥ã¥é¥¯¥¿¤Î
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.Em ºÇ²¼°Ì
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¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤Ï̵»ë¤µ¤ì¡¢³Æ¥¥ã¥é¥¯¥¿¤Î
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¼¡¤Î
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7 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤¬Ï¢·ë¤µ¤ì¤Æ
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56 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤Î¥¡¼¤òÀ¸À®¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£´Ø¿ô
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.Fn des_cipher
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¤Ï¡¢
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.Tn DES
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¤Î
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.Fa count
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È¿Éü¤Î
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.Xr abs 3
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¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ
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.Fa in
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¤Ç
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8 ¥¥ã¥é¥¯¥¿Æâ¤ËÊݸ¤µ¤ì¤¿
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64 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤ò°Å¹æ²½
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(
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¤Þ¤¿¤Ï
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.Fa count
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¤¬Éé¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï°Å¹æ²ò½ü
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)
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¤·¡¢
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64 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤Î·ë²Ì¤ò
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8 ¥¥ã¥é¥¯¥¿¤Ç
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.Fa out
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¤ËÊݸ¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£
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.Fa salt
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¤Ï¡¢Á°µ¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë
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.Tn DES
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¤ÎÀÝÆ°¤ò
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»ØÄꤷ¤Þ¤¹¡£
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.Pp
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´Ø¿ô
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.Fn crypt
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¤Ï¡¢½èÍý¤¬À®¸ù¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ï°Å¹æ²½¤µ¤ì¤¿Ãͤò»Ø¤¹¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤òÊÖ¤·¡¢
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½èÍý¤¬¼ºÇÔ¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ï
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NULL
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¤òÊÖ¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£´Ø¿ô
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.Fn setkey
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¡¢
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.Fn encrypt
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¡¢
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.Fn des_setkey
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¡¢¤ª¤è¤Ó
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.Fn des_cipher
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¤Ï¡¢½èÍý¤¬À®¸ù¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ï
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0 ¤òÊÖ¤·¡¢½èÍý¤¬
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¼ºÇÔ¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ï
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1 ¤òÊÖ¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£Îò»ËŪ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢´Ø¿ô
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.Fn setkey
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¤È
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.Fn encrypt
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¤Ï¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤ÊÃͤâÊÖ¤·¤Þ¤»¤ó¤Ç¤·¤¿¡£¤³¤ì¤é¤Î´Ø¿ô¤¬Ìá¤êÃͤò»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¤Î¤Ï¡¢
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¼ç¤Ë¥Ï¡¼¥É¥¦¥§¥¢¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤¬È÷¤ï¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤â¤Î¤Î»ÈÍѤϤǤ¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¡¢¤Þ¤¿¤Ï
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Ä̾ï¤ÎÊý¿Ë¤Î¶ò¤«¤µ¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë
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DES
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¤¬ÍøÍѤǤ¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ë¡¢¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ò
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¶èÊ̤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ç¤¹¡£
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.Pp
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.Fn crypt
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¤ò»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
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.Nm libcrypt
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¥é¥¤¥Ö¥é¥ê¤È¤Î¥ê¥ó¥¯¤¬É¬ÍפǤ¹¡£
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.Fn setkey
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¡¢
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.Fn encrypt
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¡¢
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.Fn des_setkey
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¡¢¤ª¤è¤Ó
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.Fn des_cipher
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¤Ï¡¢
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.Nm libcipher
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¥é¥¤¥Ö¥é¥êÆâ¤Ë
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¸«¤Ä¤«¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£
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(
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ɸ½à¤Î
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C
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¥é¥¤¥Ö¥é¥ê¡¢
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.Nm libc
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¤Ë¤Ï¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥ë¡¼¥Á¥ó¤Ø¤Î¤«¤±¤é¤·¤«
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Æþ¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤»¤ó
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)
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¡£
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.Sh ´ØÏ¢¹àÌÜ
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.Xr login 1 ,
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.Xr passwd 1 ,
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.Xr getpass 3 ,
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.Xr passwd 5
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.Rs
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.%T "Mathematical Cryptology for Computer Scientists and Mathematicians"
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.%A Wayne Patterson
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.%D 1987
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.%N ISBN 0-8476-7438-X
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.Re
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.Rs
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.%T "Password Security: A Case History"
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.%A R. Morris
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.%A Ken Thompson
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.%J "Communications of the ACM"
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.%V vol. 22
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.%P pp. 594-597
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.%D Nov. 1979
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.Re
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.Rs
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.%T "DES will be Totally Insecure within Ten Years"
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.%A M.E. Hellman
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.%J "IEEE Spectrum"
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.%V vol. 16
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.%P pp. 32-39
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.%D July 1979
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.Re
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.Sh Îò»Ë
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¥í¡¼¥¿¡¼¤òºÎÍѤ·¤¿
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.Fn crypt
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´Ø¿ô¤Ï¡¢
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.At v6
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¤Ç¸½¤ì¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¸½ºß¤Î
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¥¹¥¿¥¤¥ë¤Î
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.Fn crypt
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¤Ï¡¢ºÇ½é¤Ë
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.At v7
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¤Ë¸½¤ì¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£
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.Sh ¥Ð¥°
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.Fn des_setkey
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¤Ø¤Î°ú¿ô¤Î³Æ¥¥ã¥é¥¯¥¿¤Î
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.Em ºÇ²¼°Ì
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¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤ò
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Íî¤È¤¹¤Î¤Ï¤È¤ó¤Ç¤â¤Ê¤¤¤³¤È¤Ç¤¹¡£
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.Pp
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.Fn crypt
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´Ø¿ô¤Ï¡¢·ë²Ì¤òÆâÉô¤ÎÀÅŪ¥ª¥Ö¥¸¥§¥¯¥È¤Ë»Ä¤·¡¢¤½¤Î¥ª¥Ö¥¸¥§¥¯¥È¤ò»Ø¤¹
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¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤òÊÖ¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£¸å¤Ç
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.Fn crypt
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¤ò¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤¹¤È¡¢Æ±¤¸¥ª¥Ö¥¸¥§¥¯¥È¤¬
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½¤Àµ¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
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