240 lines
8.8 KiB
XML
240 lines
8.8 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="koi8-r" standalone="no"?>
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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook XML V4.2-Based Extension//EN"
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"../../../share/xml/freebsd42.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % entities PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Entity Set//RU" "../../share/xml/entities.ent">
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%entities;
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]>
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<!--
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The FreeBSD Russian Documentation Project
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$FreeBSD$
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Original revision: r34679
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-->
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<!-- ðÅÒÅ×ÏÄ: ëÏÒÅÎËÏ ôÁÒÁÓ -->
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<article lang="ru">
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<articleinfo>
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<title>éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ×ÅÒÓÉÊ <application>GCC</application>
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É <application>binutils</application> c ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÅÊ ÐÏÒÔÏ×
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&os;</title>
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<author>
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<firstname>Martin</firstname>
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<surname>Matuska</surname>
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<affiliation>
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<address><email>mm@FreeBSD.org</email></address>
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</affiliation>
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</author>
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<legalnotice id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
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&tm-attrib.freebsd;
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&tm-attrib.general;
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</legalnotice>
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<copyright>
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<year>2009</year>
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<holder>The &os; Documentation Project</holder>
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</copyright>
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<pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
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<releaseinfo>$FreeBSD$</releaseinfo>
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<abstract>
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<para>÷ ÜÔÏÊ ÓÔÁÔØÅ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÏ, ËÁË ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÎÏ×ÙÅ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ
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ËÏÍÐÉÌÑÔÏÒÏ× <application>GCC</application> É ÎÁÂÏÒÁ ÕÔÉÌÉÔ
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<application>binutils</application> ÉÚ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÐÏÒÔÏ× &os;.
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úÄÅÓØ ÔÁËÖÅ ÏÂÓÕÖÄÁÀÔÓÑ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌÉÚÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÅ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÉ
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<application>GCC</application>.</para>
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</abstract>
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</articleinfo>
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<sect1 id="intro">
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<title>ðÒÅÄÉÓÌÏ×ÉÅ</title>
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<para>ëÏÍÐÉÌÑÔÏÒ, ÐÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÍÙÊ Ó &os; 8.0, — ÜÔÏ
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<application>GCC</application> ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 4.2.1. ÷ ÂÁÚÏ×ÕÀ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ
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&os; ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÙ <application>binutils</application> ×ÅÒÓÉÉ
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2.15. üÔÏ ÄÏ×ÏÌØÎÏ-ÔÁËÉ ÓÔÁÒÙÅ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ, É × ÎÉÈ, ÍÅÖÄÕ ÐÒÏÞÉÍ,
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ÏÔÓÕÔÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÊ <acronym>CPU</acronym>, ÔÁËÉÈ
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ËÁË <acronym>SSSE3</acronym>, <acronym>SSE4.1</acronym>,
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<acronym>SSE4.2</acronym> É Ô.Ð. ÷×ÉÄÕ ÌÉÃÅÎÚÉÏÎÎÙÈ ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÉÊ,
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ÎÏ×ÙÅ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ ÜÔÉÈ ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÊ ÎÅ ÂÕÄÕÔ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÙ × ÂÁÚÏ×ÕÀ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ.
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ë ÓÞÁÓÔØÀ, ÅÓÔØ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÎÏ×ÕÀ ×ÅÒÓÉÀ ËÏÍÐÉÌÑÔÏÒÁ
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<application>GCC</application> (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ×ÅÒÓÉÀ 4.4)
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ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×É× ÅÇÏ ÉÚ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÐÏÒÔÏ× &os;.</para>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="prerequisites">
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<title>ðÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÁ</title>
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<sect2 id="installing-binutils">
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<title>õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ binutils ÉÚ ÐÏÒÔÏ×</title>
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<para>þÔÏÂÙ ÚÁÄÅÊÓÔ×Ï×ÁÔØ ×ÓÅ ÎÏ×ÙÅ ÆÕÎËÃÉÏÎÁÌØÎÙÅ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ
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ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ <application>GCC</application>, ÖÅÌÁÔÅÌØÎÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ
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ÎÁÉÂÏÌÅÅ ÎÏ×ÏÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ <application>binutils</application>. üÔÏ
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ÎÅ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÏÂÑÚÁÔÅÌØÎÙÍ, ÎÏ ÂÅÚ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ
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<application>binutils</application> ×Ù ÎÅ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÕ
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ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÊ <acronym>CPU</acronym>.</para>
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<para>äÌÑ ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÎÁÉÂÏÌÅÅ ÎÏ×ÕÀ ×ÅÒÓÉÀ
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<application>binutils</application> ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÀ ÐÏÒÔÏ×
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&os;, ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔÅ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÕÀ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ:</para>
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<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /usr/ports/devel/binutils && make install</userinput></screen>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="installing-gcc">
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<title>õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ GCC ÉÚ ÐÏÒÔÏ×</title>
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<para>
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÷ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÐÏÒÔÏ× &os; ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ×ÅÒÓÉÊ
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<application>GCC</application>. ÷ ÎÁÛÅÍ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÅ ÍÙ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÍ
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ÓÔÁÂÉÌØÎÕÀ ×ÅÒÓÉÀ 4.4. ïÄÎÁËÏ, ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÕÀ
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ÉÌÉ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÎÏ×ÕÀ (ÒÁÚ×É×ÁÀÝÕÀÓÑ) ×ÅÒÓÉÀ (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ:
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<filename role="package">lang/gcc43</filename> ÉÌÉ
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<filename role="package">lang/gcc45</filename>).</para>
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<para>äÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÏÄÎÏÇÏ ÉÚ ×ÙÛÅÕÐÏÍÑÎÕÔÙÈ ÐÏÒÔÏ×
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<application>GCC</application>, ÎÁÂÅÒÉÔÅ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÕÀ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ:</para>
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<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /usr/ports/lang/<replaceable>gcc44</replaceable> && make install</userinput></screen>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="configuring-ports-gcc">
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<title>îÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁ ÐÏÒÔÏ× ÎÁ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÍÏÊ
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×ÅÒÓÉÉ <application>GCC</application></title>
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<para>äÌÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÍÏÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ <application>GCC</application>,
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ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÎÏÊ ÉÚ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÐÏÒÔÏ× &os, ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÁÑ
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ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ.</para>
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<sect2 id="adjusting-make.conf">
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<title>éÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ × <filename>make.conf</filename></title>
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<para>äÏÂÁ×ØÔÅ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÓÔÒÏËÉ × <filename>/etc/make.conf</filename>
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(ÉÌÉ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ØÔÅ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ):</para>
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<programlisting>.if !empty(.CURDIR:M/usr/ports/*) && exists(/usr/local/bin/gcc44)
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CC=gcc44
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CXX=g++44
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CPP=cpp44
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.endif</programlisting>
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<para>÷ ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÁÌØÔÅÒÎÁÔÉ×Ù, ÍÏÖÎÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ×ÒÕÞÎÕÀ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ
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ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ <envar>${CC}</envar> É <envar>${CPP}</envar>.</para>
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<note>
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<para>ðÒÉÍÅÒÙ, ÐÒÉ×ÅÄ£ÎÎÙÅ ×ÙÛÅ, ÓÄÅÌÁÎÙ ÄÌÑ
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<application>GCC</application> ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 4.4. äÌÑ ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ
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ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ <command>gcc43</command>, ÚÁÍÅÎÉÔÅ
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<literal>"gcc44"</literal> ÎÁ <literal>"gcc43"</literal> É
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<literal>"4.4"</literal> ÎÁ <literal>"4.3"</literal>
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É Ô.Ð.</para>
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</note>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="adjusting-libmap.conf">
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<title>éÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ × <filename>libmap.conf</filename></title>
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<para>íÎÏÇÉÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÎÙÅ ÉÚ ÐÏÒÔÏ× ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÑ É ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÉ
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ÓËÏÍÐÏÎÏ×ÁÎÙ Ó libgcc_s ÉÌÉ libstdc++. ÷ ÂÁÚÏ×ÕÀ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ ÕÖÅ
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×ËÌÀÞÅÎÙ ÜÔÉ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÉ, ÎÏ ÏÔ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÓÔÁÒÏÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ
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<application>GCC</application> (×ÅÒÓÉÉ 4.2.1). þÔÏÂÙ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÉÔØ
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rltd (É ldd) ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÙÅ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ, ÄÏÂÁ×ØÔÅ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ Ë
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<filename>/etc/libmap.conf</filename> (ÉÌÉ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔÅ
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ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ):</para>
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<programlisting>libgcc_s.so.1 gcc44/libgcc_s.so.1
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libgomp.so.1 gcc44/libgomp.so.1
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libobjc.so.3 gcc44/libobjc.so.2
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libssp.so.0 gcc44/libssp.so.0
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libstdc++.so.6 gcc44/libstdc++.so.6</programlisting>
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<note>
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<para>ðÒÉÍÅÒ ×ÙÛÅ ÐÒÉ×ÅÄÅÎ ÄÌÑ <application>GCC</application>
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×ÅÒÓÉÉ 4.4. åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ <command>gcc43</command>,
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ÚÁÍÅÎÉÔÅ <literal>"gcc44"</literal> ÎÁ <literal>"gcc43"</literal>
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É Ô.Ä. óÌÅÄÕÅÔ ÏÔÍÅÔÉÔØ, ÞÔÏ ×ÓÅ ×ÙÛÅÕÐÏÍÑÎÕÔÙÅ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÉ
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ÏÂÒÁÔÎÏ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÙ Ó ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÁÍÉ, ÐÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÍÙÍÉ Ó ÂÁÚÏ×ÏÊ
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ÓÉÓÔÅÍÏÊ.</para>
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</note>
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<warning>
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<para>îÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ C++ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÐÅÒÅÓÔÁÔØ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ, ÅÓÌÉ
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ÏÔÓÕÔÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÁÑ ËÏÍÐÏÎÏ×ËÁ ÜÔÉÈ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅË. åÓÌÉ ÎÅ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ
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ÓËÏÍÐÏÎÏ×ÁÔØ ÉÈ ×ÓÅ, ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÕÅÔÓÑ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ÜÔÏ ÐÏ ËÒÁÊÎÅÊ ÍÅÒÅ
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ÄÌÑ libstdc++.so.</para>
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</warning>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="custom-cflags">
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<title>óÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ <literal>CFLAGS</literal> ÄÌÑ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ
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ÐÏÒÔÏ×</title>
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<para>äÌÑ ÐÏÒÔÏ×, ÎÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÝÉÈ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ
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<literal>CFLAGS</literal>, ÉÓÐÒÁ×ØÔÅ
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<filename>/etc/make.conf</filename> ÓÏÇÌÁÓÎÏ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÍÕ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÕ:</para>
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<programlisting>.if !empty(.CURDIR:M/usr/ports/*) && exists(/usr/local/bin/gcc44)
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CC=gcc44
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CXX=g++44
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CPP=cpp44
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CFLAGS+=-mssse3
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.endif</programlisting>
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<para>÷ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÚÁÍÅÎÉÔØ ÐÏÌÎÏÓÔØÀ <literal>CFLAGS</literal> É/ÉÌÉ
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ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÉÔØ <literal>CPUTYPE</literal>. íÙ ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÕÅÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÔØ
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<literal>CPUTYPE</literal> ÔÁË ËÁË ×Ï ÍÎÏÇÉÈ ÐÏÒÔÁÈ ÆÌÁÇÉ ÏÐÔÉÍÉÚÁÃÉÉ
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×ÙÂÉÒÁÀÔÓÑ, ÂÁÚÉÒÕÑÓØ ÎÁ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÉ ÜÔÏÊ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ.</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="excluding-unbuildable-ports">
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<title>éÓËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ ÐÏÒÔÏ×, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅ ÓÏÂÉÒÁÀÔÓÑ Ó ÎÏ×ÏÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÅÊ
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<application>GCC</application></title>
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<para>äÌÑ ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÉÓËÌÀÞÉÔØ ÐÏÒÔÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅ ÓÏÂÉÒÁÀÔÓÑ ÓÏ
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ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÏÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÅÊ <application>GCC</application>, ÉÓÐÒÁ×ØÔÅ
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<filename>/etc/make.conf</filename> ÓÏÇÌÁÓÎÏ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÍÕ
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ÐÒÉÍÅÒÕ:</para>
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<programlisting>.if !empty(.CURDIR:M/usr/ports/*) && exists(/usr/local/bin/gcc44)
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.if empty(.CURDIR:M/usr/ports/net/openldap*)
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CC=gcc44
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CXX=g++44
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CPP=cpp44
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.endif
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.endif</programlisting>
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<para>ðÒÉÍÅÒ, ÐÒÉ×ÅÄ£ÎÎÙÊ ×ÙÛÅ, ÏÔÍÅÎÑÅÔ ÐÒÉÎÕÄÉÔÅÌØÎÏÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ
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<command>gcc</command> 4.4 ÄÌÑ ÐÏÒÔÏ×
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<filename role="package">net/openldap</filename>*. ôÁËÖÅ
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×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÕËÁÚÁÔØ ÂÏÌØÛÅ ÐÏÒÔÏ× × ÏÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÅ:</para>
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<programlisting>.if empty(.CURDIR:M/usr/ports/net/openldap*) && empty(.CURDIR:M/usr/ports/xxx/yyy) && ...</programlisting>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="performance-imparct">
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<title>÷ÌÉÑÎÉÅ ÎÁ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔØ ÉÓÐÏÌÎÑÅÍÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×</title>
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|
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<para>éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ <application>GCC</application> ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 4.4 Ó
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ÒÁÚÒÅÛÅÎÎÙÍ ÎÁÂÏÒÏÍ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÊ <acronym>SSSE3</acronym>
|
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(ÅÓÌÉ ÏÎÉ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔÓÑ <acronym>CPU</acronym>) ÍÏÖÅÔ ÄÁÔØ ÄÏ 10%
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Õ×ÅÌÉÞÅÎÉÑ ÓÒÅÄÎÅÊ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ ÉÓÐÏÌÎÑÅÍÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×. ÷ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ
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ÔÅÓÔÁÈ ÐÒÉÒÏÓÔ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ ÐÒÅ×ÙÛÁÌ 20% (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, × ÏÂÒÁÂÏÔËÅ
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ÍÕÌØÔÉÍÅÄÉÊÎÙÈ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ).</para>
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<para>÷ ÔÁÂÌÉÃÅ, ÒÁÚÍÅÝÅÎÎÏÊ ÎÁ <ulink
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url="http://people.freebsd.org/~mm/benchmarks/perlbench/"></ulink>,
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ÐÏËÁÚÁÎÏ ÓÒÁ×ÎÅÎÉÅ <application>GCC</application> × ÎÁÓÔÏÑÝÅÅ ×ÒÅÍÑ
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×ËÌÀÞÅÎÎÏÇÏ × ÂÁÚÕ &os;, <application>GCC</application> ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 4.3 É
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<application>GCC</application> ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 4.4 Ó ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÍÉ ËÏÍÂÉÎÁÃÉÑÍÉ
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<literal>CFLAGS</literal>. äÌÑ ÓÒÁ×ÎÅÎÉÊ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ
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ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÌÓÑ ÔÅÓÔÏ×ÙÊ ÐÁËÅÔ perlbench.</para>
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</sect1>
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</article>
|