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Glen Barber 230510f1d3 Regen after r274160, r274161 
Approved by:	re (implicit)
Sponsored by:	The FreeBSD Foundation
2014-11-06 02:35:10 +00:00

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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /><title>FreeBSD 10.1-RELEASE Release Notes</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="docbook.css" /><link rev="made" href="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.78.1" /><meta name="description" content="The release notes for FreeBSD 10.1-RELEASE contain a summary of the changes made to the FreeBSD base system on the 10.1-STABLE development line. This document lists applicable security advisories that were issued since the last release, as well as significant changes to the FreeBSD kernel and userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also presented." /></head><body><div class="article"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="idp61544608"></a>FreeBSD 10.1-RELEASE Release Notes</h1></div><div><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="orgname">The FreeBSD Project</span></h3></div></div><div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="copyright">Copyright © 2000-2014 The FreeBSD Documentation
Project</p></div><div><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="legalnotice"><a id="trademarks"></a><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">FreeBSD is a registered trademark of
the FreeBSD Foundation. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">IBM, AIX, OS/2,
PowerPC, PS/2, S/390, and ThinkPad are
trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation in the
United States, other countries, or both. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">IEEE, POSIX, and 802 are registered
trademarks of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,
Inc. in the United States. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Intel,
Celeron, Centrino, Core, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium,
and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation
or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">SPARC, SPARC64, and
UltraSPARC are trademarks of SPARC International, Inc in the United
States and other countries. SPARC International, Inc owns all of the
SPARC trademarks and under licensing agreements allows the proper use
of these trademarks by its members. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Many of the designations used by
manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed
as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this document,
and the FreeBSD Project was aware of the trademark claim, the
designations have been followed by the <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">&#8482;</span>&#8221;</span> or the
<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">®</span>&#8221;</span> symbol. </p></div></div><div>Last modified on 2014-11-06 by gjb.</div><div><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="abstract"><div class="abstract-title">Abstract</div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The release notes for FreeBSD 10.1-RELEASE contain
a summary of the changes made to the FreeBSD base system on the
10.1-STABLE development line. This document lists
applicable security advisories that were issued since the last
release, as well as significant changes to the FreeBSD kernel and
userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also
presented. </p></div></div></div><hr /></div><div class="toc"><div class="toc-title">Table of Contents</div><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#intro">1. Introduction</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#new">2. What's New</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="#upgrade">3. Upgrading from Previous Releases of FreeBSD</a></span></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="intro"></a>1. Introduction</h2></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">This document contains the release notes for FreeBSD
10.1-RELEASE. It describes recently added, changed, or
deleted features of FreeBSD. It also provides some notes on
upgrading from previous versions of FreeBSD. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">This distribution of FreeBSD
10.1-RELEASE is a release distribution. It can be
found at <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="uri"><a class="uri" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/" target="_top">http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/</a></code> or
any of its mirrors. More information on obtaining this (or
other) release distributions of FreeBSD can be found in the
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors.html" target="_top"><span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Obtaining
FreeBSD</span>&#8221;</span> appendix</a> to the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="link" href="../../../../doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/" target="_top">FreeBSD
Handbook</a>. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">All users are encouraged to consult the release errata
before installing FreeBSD. The errata document is updated with
<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">late-breaking</span>&#8221;</span> information discovered late in the
release cycle or after the release. Typically, it contains
information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections
to documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for FreeBSD
10.1-RELEASE can be found on the FreeBSD Web site. </p></div><div class="sect1"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="new"></a>2. What's New</h2></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">This section describes the most user-visible new or changed
features in FreeBSD since 10.0-RELEASE. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Typical release note items document recent security
advisories issued after 10.0-RELEASE, new drivers or hardware
support, new commands or options, major bug fixes, or
contributed software upgrades. They may also list changes to
major ports/packages or release engineering practices. Clearly
the release notes cannot list every single change made to FreeBSD
between releases; this document focuses primarily on security
advisories, user-visible changes, and major architectural
improvements. </p><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="security"></a>2.1. Security Advisories</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The following security advisories have been issued since
FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE: </p><div class="informaltable"><table border="0"><colgroup><col /><col /><col /></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Advisory</th><th>Date</th><th>Topic</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-13:14.openssh.asc" target="_top">SA-13:14.openssh</a></td><td>19 November 2013</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">OpenSSH AES-GCM memory corruption
vulnerability </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:01.bsnmpd.asc" target="_top">SA-14:01.bsnmpd</a></td><td>14 January 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">bsnmpd remote denial of service
vulnerability </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:02.ntpd.asc" target="_top">SA-14:02.ntpd</a></td><td>14 January 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">ntpd distributed reflection Denial of
Service vulnerability </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:03.openssl.asc" target="_top">SA-14:03.openssl</a></td><td>14 January 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">OpenSSL multiple
vulnerabilities </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:04.bind.asc" target="_top">SA-14:04.bind</a></td><td>14 January 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">BIND remote denial of service
vulnerability </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:05.nfsserver.asc" target="_top">SA-14:05.nfsserver</a></td><td>8 April 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Deadlock in the NFS server </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:06.openssl.asc" target="_top">SA-14:06.openssl</a></td><td>8 April 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">OpenSSL multiple
vulnerabilities </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:07.devfs.asc" target="_top">SA-14:07.devfs</a></td><td>30 April 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Fix devfs rules not applied by default for
jails </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:08.tcp.asc" target="_top">SA-14:08.tcp</a></td><td>30 April 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Fix TCP reassembly
vulnerability </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:09.openssl.asc" target="_top">SA-14:09.openssl</a></td><td>30 April 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Fix OpenSSL use-after-free
vulnerability </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:10.openssl.asc" target="_top">SA-14:10.openssl</a></td><td>15 May 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Fix OpenSSL NULL pointer deference
vulnerability </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:11.sendmail.asc" target="_top">SA-14:11.sendmail</a></td><td>3 June 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Fix sendmail improper close-on-exec flag
handling </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:13.pam.asc" target="_top">SA-14:13.pam</a></td><td>3 June 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Fix incorrect error handling in PAM policy
parser </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:14.openssl.asc" target="_top">SA-14:14.openssl</a></td><td>5 June 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Multiple vulnerabilities </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:15.iconv.asc" target="_top">SA-14:15.iconv</a></td><td>24 June 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">NULL pointer dereference and out-of-bounds
array access </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:16.file.asc" target="_top">SA-14:16.file</a></td><td>24 June 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Multiple vulnerabilities </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:17.kmem.asc" target="_top">SA-14:17.kmem</a></td><td>8 July 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Kernel memory disclosure in control
messages and SCTP notifications </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:18.openssl.asc" target="_top">SA-14:18.openssl</a></td><td>9 September 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Multiple vulnerabilities </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:19.tcp.asc" target="_top">SA-14:19.tcp</a></td><td>16 September 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Denial of Service in TCP packet
processing. </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:20.rtsold.asc" target="_top">SA-14:20.rtsold</a></td><td>21 October 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Remote buffer overflow
vulnerability. </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:21.routed.asc" target="_top">SA-14:21.routed</a></td><td>21 October 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Remote denial of service
vulnerability. </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:22.namei.asc" target="_top">SA-14:22.namei</a></td><td>21 October 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Memory leak in sandboxed namei
lookup. </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:23.openssl.asc" target="_top">SA-14:23.openssl</a></td><td>21 October 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Multiple vulerabilities. </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:25.setlogin.asc" target="_top">SA-14:25.setlogin</a></td><td>04 November 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Kernel stack disclosure. </p></td></tr><tr><td><a class="link" href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:26.ftp.asc" target="_top">SA-14:26.ftp</a></td><td>04 November 2014</td><td><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Remote code execution. </p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="kernel"></a>2.2. Kernel Changes</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A new <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">sysctl</span>(8)</span></a>,
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">kern.panic_reboot_wait_time</code>, has been
added, which allows controlling how long the system will wait
after <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=panic&amp;sektion=9"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">panic</span>(9)</span></a> before rebooting. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=260431">[r260431]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vt&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">vt</span>(4)</span></a> driver has been merged
from FreeBSD-CURRENT. To enable <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vt&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">vt</span>(4)</span></a>, enter
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">set kern.vty=vt</code> at the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">loader</span>(8)</span></a>
prompt during boot, or add <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">kern.vty=vt</code> to
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&amp;sektion=5"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">loader.conf</span>(5)</span></a> and reboot the system. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=262861">[r262861]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hwpmc&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">hwpmc</span>(4)</span></a> has been added
for <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">PowerPC</span>® 970 class processors. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=263122">[r263122]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for ADT7460 and ADT7467 fan
controllers found in newer PowerBooks&#8482; and
iBooks&#8482; has been added to the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=iicbus&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">iicbus</span>(4)</span></a>
driver. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=263197">[r263197]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A panic triggered by removing
a <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=urtwn&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">urtwn</span>(4)</span></a> device has been fixed. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=263256">[r263256]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A potential deadlock in the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=usb&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">usb</span>(4)</span></a>
stack triggered by detaching USB devices that create character
devices has been fixed. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=263799">[r263799]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">AMD</span>® Family 16h sensor
devices has been added to <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=amdtemp&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">amdtemp</span>(4)</span></a>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=263869">[r263869]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=uslcom&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">uslcom</span>(4)</span></a> driver has been
updated to support 26 new devices. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=265610">[r265610]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A kernel bug that inhibited proper
functionality of the <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">dev.cpu.0.freq</code>
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">sysctl</span>(8)</span></a> on <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">Intel</span>® processors with Turbo
Boost&#8482; enabled has been fixed. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266165">[r266165]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=uart&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">uart</span>(4)</span></a> driver has been
updated to include support for the <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">Intel</span>® Lynx Point
KT <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">AMT</acronym> serial port. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266436">[r266436]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">radeonkms(4)</code>
driver has been updated to include 32-bit <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ioctl&amp;sektion=2"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ioctl</span>(2)</span></a>
support, allowing 32-bit applications to run on a 64-bit
system. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266594">[r266594]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A bug that would prevent
a <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=jail&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">jail</span>(8)</span></a> from setting the correct IPv4 source address
with some operations that required
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">security.jail.allow_raw_sockets</code> has been
fixed. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266718">[r266718]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hwpmc&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">hwpmc</span>(4)</span></a> driver has been
updated to support core events from the Atom&#8482;
Silvermont architecture. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266911">[r266911]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=oce&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">oce</span>(4)</span></a> driver has been updated
with vendor-supplied fixes for big endian support, and 20GB/s
and 25GB/s link speeds. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=268046">[r268046]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The FreeBSD virtual memory subsystem
has been updated to implement <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">fast path</span>&#8221;</span> for
the page fault handler. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=270630">[r270630]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=asmc&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">asmc</span>(4)</span></a> driver has been updated
to support the <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">Apple</span>® Mac Mini 3,1. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=271069">[r271069]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The FreeBSD/powerpc64 default kernel
configuration, <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">GENERIC64</code>, has been
updated to enable the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vt&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">vt</span>(4)</span></a> console driver for the
Sony® Playstation 3&#8482; platform. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=271111">[r271111]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The
FreeBSD/powerpc <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">ofwfb</code> driver, used to
provide a graphics console when the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vt&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">vt</span>(4)</span></a> console driver
is used, has been modified to work with the <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">x11-drivers/xf86-video-scfb</code>
port. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=271116">[r271116]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
The FreeBSD Foundation)</span></p><div xmlns="" class="note"><h3 class="admontitle">Note: </h3><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">If using an <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">ATI</acronym> graphics card with
the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vt&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">vt</span>(4)</span></a> driver, the <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">x11-servers/xorg-server</code> package
must be updated to version 1.12.4_8 or newer. </p></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Several
performance enchancements to the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vt&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">vt</span>(4)</span></a> driver have been
merged from FreeBSD-CURRENT. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=271128">[r271128]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
The FreeBSD Foundation)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The default stack size
(<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">KSTACK_PAGES</code>) has been increased from
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">4</code> to <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">8</code> for the
powerpc64 architecture. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=271153">[r271153]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The FreeBSD/powerpc ATI driver
has been updated to support enabling and disabling the
Radeon 9700 backlight, found in the
<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">Apple</span>® PowerBook&#8482; G4. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=271205">[r271205]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Hardware context support has been
added to the <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">drm/i915</code> driver, adding
support for <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="application">Mesa</span> 9.2 and
later. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=271816">[r271816]</a></p><div class="sect3"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="kernel-virtualization"></a>2.2.1. Virtualization Support</h4></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">Microsoft</span>® Hyper-V
has been added to FreeBSD/i386 as loadable modules, however
not available in the <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">GENERIC</code> kernel
configuration. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=259450">[r259450]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bhyve&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">bhyve</span>(4)</span></a> hypervisor now
supports soft power-off functionality via the ACPI S5
state. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=261090">[r261090]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for FreeBSD/i386 guests has been
added to <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bhyve&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">bhyve</span>(4)</span></a>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=267399">[r267399]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for virtualized
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">XSAVE</code> has been added to <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bhyve&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">bhyve</span>(4)</span></a>,
allowing guest operating systems to use
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">XSAVE</code> and
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">XSAVE</code>-enabled features, such as
<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">AVX</acronym>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=267427">[r267427]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bhyve&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">bhyve</span>(4)</span></a> hypervisor now
supports booting from a <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zfs&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">zfs</span>(8)</span></a> filesystem. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=268932">[r268932]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A new driver, <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=virtio_random&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">virtio_random</span>(4)</span></a>,
has been added, which allows FreeBSD virtual machines to
harvest entropy from the hypervisor. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=268933">[r268933]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bhyve&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">bhyve</span>(4)</span></a> hypervisor has been
synced with the version in FreeBSD-CURRENT. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=270159">[r270159]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A number of enhancements have been added, and several
bug fixes, including: </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Post-mortem debugging has been added when
a guest virtual machine exits with an
<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote"><acronym class="acronym">EPT</acronym> Misconfiguration</span>&#8221;</span>
error. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The hypervisor <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=virtio&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">virtio</span>(4)</span></a> <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">API</acronym>
has been expanded from 32- to 64-bit. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for identifying capabilities of the virtual
<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">CPU</acronym> has been added. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for emulating legacy x86 task
switching has been added. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support to list the VT-x features in base kernel
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dmesg&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dmesg</span>(8)</span></a> has been added. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for extended PCI configuration space
has been added. </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="kernel-arm"></a>2.2.2. ARM Support</h4></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">WANDBOARD</code>
kernel configuration file has been added. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=259355">[r259355]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Boot devices may now be specified by
setting a u-boot environment variable. If a boot device is
not specified, the probe mechanism will be used. To specify
the boot device, set the
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">loaderdev=<em class="replaceable"><code>device</code></em></code>
u-boot environment variable. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=265067">[r265067]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">nexus(4)</code> driver
has been updated to include <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Flattened Device
Tree</span>&#8221;</span> support, replacing the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fdtbus&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">fdtbus</span>(4)</span></a> driver
in most cases. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266000">[r266000]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gpioiic&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">gpioiic</span>(4)</span></a> and
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gpioled&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">gpioled</span>(4)</span></a> have been merged from FreeBSD-CURRENT. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266105">[r266105]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for hardware floating point was added to the
kernel, and enabled by default in the configuration files
for all platforms that contain the required hardware. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"><span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="application">C++</span> exception handling now
works with <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="application">GCC</span>. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">SMP</acronym> was added to the
kernel, and enabled by default in the configuration files
for all platforms that contain multi-core CPUs. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support was added for: </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">CHROMEBOOK (Samsung Exynos 5250) </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">COLIBRI (Freescale Vybrid) </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">COSMIC (Freescale Vybrid) </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">IMX53-QSB (Freescale i.MX53) </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">QUARTZ (Freescale Vybrid) </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">RADXA (Rockchip rk30xx) </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">WANDBOARD (Freescale i.MX6) </p></li></ul></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">An <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">I2C</acronym> driver was added for
the RaspberryPi. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Drivers have been added to support <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">TI</acronym>
platforms, such as BEAGLEBONE and PANDABOARD: </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">PRUSS (Programmable Realtime Unit Subsystem) </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">MBOX (Mailbox hardware) </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">SDHCI (new faster driver for
<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">MMC</acronym>/<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">SD</acronym>
storage) </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">PPS (Pulse Per Second input on a
<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">GPIO</acronym>/timer pin) </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">PWM (Pulse Width Modulation output) </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">ADC (Analog to Digital converter) </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="boot"></a>2.2.3. Boot Loader Changes</h4></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A kernel selection menu has been added
to <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">loader</span>(8)</span></a>. If the <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">beastie menu</span>&#8221;</span> is
enabled, the kernel to boot may be selected from the kernel
selection menu. Additional kernels may be listed in
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&amp;sektion=5"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">loader.conf</span>(5)</span></a> as a comma- or space-separated list. By
default, <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">kernel</code> and
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">kernel.old</code> are listed. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=262701">[r262701]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">sys/boot/</code> sources
have been rearranged, moving <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=libstand&amp;sektion=3"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">libstand</span>(3)</span></a> to a directory
indicating the library is built as 32-bit. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=271130">[r271130]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
The FreeBSD Foundation)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=libstand&amp;sektion=3"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">libstand</span>(3)</span></a> library has been updated to produce
a 64-bit shared library for the FreeBSD/amd64 and
FreeBSD/powerpc64 architectures. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=271135">[r271135]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
The FreeBSD Foundation)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Initial support for <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">UEFI</acronym>
boot has been added. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=271135">[r271135]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
The FreeBSD Foundation)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Three
new files are installed to <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">/boot</code>, supporting
<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">UEFI</acronym> boot: <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=271136">[r271136]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
The FreeBSD Foundation)</span></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"><code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">boot1.efi</code>: The
<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">UEFI</acronym> first stage bootstrap
file. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"><code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">boot1.efifat</code>:
A <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">FAT</acronym> filesystem image containing
an <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">EFI</acronym> system partition. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"><code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">loader.efi</code>: The third stage
bootstrap file. </p></li></ul></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Serial console and null console
support has been added to the <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">UEFI</acronym> boot
loader. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=271880">[r271880]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support has been added to cache
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geli&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">geli</span>(8)</span></a> passphrases during system boot. When a system
is configured with multiple <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">GEOM_ELI</code>
providers all using the same passphrase, the passphrase that
is cached after the first entry is used for the subsequent
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">GEOM_ELI</code> provider. If the passphrase in
the cache is incorrect, then a prompt for the passphrase for
the next provider is displayed. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=272006">[r272006]</a></p></div><div class="sect3"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="proc"></a>2.2.4. Hardware Support</h4></div></div></div><div class="sect4"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="net-if"></a>2.2.4.1. Network Interface Support</h5></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for Ralink RT5370 and
RT5372 chipsets has been added to the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=run&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">run</span>(4)</span></a>
driver. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=259453">[r259453]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Firmware for the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=run&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">run</span>(4)</span></a> driver
has been updated to version 0.33. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=260120">[r260120]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for the Ralink RT3593
chipset has been added to the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=run&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">run</span>(4)</span></a> driver. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=261868">[r261868]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nve&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">nve</span>(4)</span></a> driver is now
deprecated, and the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nfe&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">nfe</span>(4)</span></a> driver should be used
instead. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=261972">[r261972]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=axge&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">axge</span>(4)</span></a> driver
has been added. This driver supports the ASIX AX88178A
and AX88179 USB ethernet adapters. The AX88178A supports
USB 2.0, and the AX88179 supports USB 2.0 and 3.0. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=262137">[r262137]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=urndis&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">urndis</span>(4)</span></a> driver has been
imported from OpenBSD. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=262363">[r262363]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for multiple
transmitter/receiver queues has been added to the
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vmx&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">vmx</span>(4)</span></a> driver. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=264866">[r264866]</a></p><div xmlns="" class="note"><h3 class="admontitle">Note: </h3><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The FreeBSD guest operating system must have
<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">MSIX</acronym> enabled as a prerequisite for
multiple queues. </p></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for the ASUS USB-N10 Nano
wireless card has been added to the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=urtwn&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">urtwn</span>(4)</span></a>
driver. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=265345">[r265345]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Transmission checksum offloading has
been disabled for the RTL8168C and RTL8168CP chipsets in
the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=re&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">re</span>(4)</span></a> driver for TCP and UDP frames. This is
due to a report of UDP datagrams with IP options
generating corrupt frames. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266212">[r266212]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Preliminary support has been added
to the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=urtwn&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">urtwn</span>(4)</span></a> driver for the Realtek RTL8188EUS and
RTL8188ETV chipsets. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266578">[r266578]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A bug in the fast receiver buffer
recycle path has been fixed in the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cxgbe&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">cxgbe</span>(4)</span></a>
driver. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=267694">[r267694]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The bundled <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cxgbe&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">cxgbe</span>(4)</span></a> firmware for
T4 and T5 cards has been updated to version
1.11.27.0. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=267849">[r267849]</a><span class="contrib">
(Contributed / provided by
Chelsio)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=em&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">em</span>(4)</span></a> driver has been
updated to version 7.4.2. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=269196">[r269196]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ixgbe&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ixgbe</span>(4)</span></a> tunables have been
renamed to match their <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">sysctl</span>(8)</span></a> counterparts: <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=269975">[r269975]</a></p><div class="informaltable"><table border="0"><colgroup><col /><col /></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Old Name</th><th>New Name</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code class="literal">hw.ixgbe.enable_aim</code></td><td><code class="literal">hw.ix.enable_aim</code></td></tr><tr><td><code class="literal">hw.ixgbe.max_interrupt_rate</code></td><td><code class="literal">hw.ix.max_interrupt_rate</code></td></tr><tr><td><code class="literal">hw.ixgbe.rx_process_limit</code></td><td><code class="literal">hw.ix.rx_process_limit</code></td></tr><tr><td><code class="literal">hw.ixgbe.tx_process_limit</code></td><td><code class="literal">hw.ix.tx_process_limit</code></td></tr><tr><td><code class="literal">hw.ixgbe.enable_msix</code></td><td><code class="literal">hw.ix.enable_msix</code></td></tr><tr><td><code class="literal">hw.ixgbe.num_queues</code></td><td><code class="literal">hw.ix.num_queues</code></td></tr><tr><td><code class="literal">hw.ixgbe.txd</code></td><td><code class="literal">hw.ix.txd</code></td></tr><tr><td><code class="literal">hw.ixgbe.rxd</code></td><td><code class="literal">hw.ix.rxd</code></td></tr><tr><td><code class="literal">hw.ixgbe.unsupported_sfp</code></td><td><code class="literal">hw.ix.unsupported_sfp</code></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Be sure to update <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&amp;sektion=5"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">loader.conf</span>(5)</span></a> if using the
old tunables before upgrading to
FreeBSD 10.1-RELEASE. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=if_nf10bmac&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">if_nf10bmac</span>(4)</span></a> driver has
been merged from FreeBSD-CURRENT to support the NetFPGA-10G
Embedded CPU Ethernet Core. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=270061">[r270061]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cxgbe&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">cxgbe</span>(4)</span></a> driver has been
updated to support <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=netmap&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">netmap</span>(4)</span></a> for the T5 10G/40G
cards. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=270297">[r270297]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vtnet&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">vtnet</span>(4)</span></a> driver has been
updated to support <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=netmap&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">netmap</span>(4)</span></a>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=270509">[r270509]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=urtwn&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">urtwn</span>(4)</span></a> driver has been
updated to support the ASUS USB-AC51 wireless card. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=270514">[r270514]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">Intel</span>® XL710 ethernet
controller driver, <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">ixlv(4)</code>, has been
merged from FreeBSD-CURRENT. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=270631">[r270631]</a></p></div></div><div class="sect3"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="net-proto"></a>2.2.5. Network Protocols</h4></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for the UDP-Lite protocol
(RFC 3828) has been added to the IPv4 and IPv6
stacks. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=265946">[r265946]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A bug in <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sctp&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">sctp</span>(4)</span></a> that would allow
two listening sockets bound to the same port has been
fixed. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=267771">[r267771]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Kernel RPC code, which
is a base of NFS server took multiple optimizations, that
significantly improved its performance and
<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">SMP</acronym> scalability. <span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
iXsystems)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The
<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">iSCSI</acronym> initiator has been updated to
support redirection handling when an
<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">iSCSI</acronym> device is configured with multiple
<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">IP</acronym> addresses across different network
interfaces. Previously, clients connecting to
such <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">iSCSI</acronym> devices could require
additional client-side configuration. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=269065">[r269065]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
The FreeBSD Foundation)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A new
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">sysctl</span>(8)</span></a>,
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">kern.iscsi.fail_on_disconnection</code>, has
been added, which allows <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">iSCSI</acronym> clients to
remove the attached disk device when the connection to the
target is dropped, where previously I/O would stop until the
connection is restored. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=265523">[r265523]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
The FreeBSD Foundation)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The
<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">iSCSI</acronym> transmit code has been optimized
to coalesce <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">PDUs</acronym> and avoid lock
contention. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=265524">[r265524]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
The FreeBSD Foundation)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Several performance optimizations have been
made to the <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">iSCSI</acronym> subsystem, including
deferring wakeup until enough data has been received to
read or write a file, reducing <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">CPU</acronym> usage
and throughput performance with large I/O workloads. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=265524">[r265524]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
iXsystems)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for hostname- and IP-based access
restriction has been added to the <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">iSCSI</acronym>
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ctld&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ctld</span>(8)</span></a> daemon. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=263720">[r263720]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
The FreeBSD Foundation)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ctld&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ctld</span>(8)</span></a> daemon has been updated
to allow overriding the <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">default</span>&#8221;</span>
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">portal-group</code> configuration. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=263725">[r263725]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
The FreeBSD Foundation)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ctld&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ctld</span>(8)</span></a> daemon now includes a new
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">auth-group</code>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">default</span>&#8221;</span>,
defaulting to <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">deny</code>, which is possible
to override. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=263726">[r263726]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
The FreeBSD Foundation)</span></p></div><div class="sect3"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="disks"></a>2.2.6. Disks and Storage</h4></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">geom</span>(4)</span></a> subsystem has been updated to support I/O
direct dispatch. When safety requirements are met, it
enables avoiding passing I/O requests to GEOM
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">g_up</code>/<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">g_down</code> thread,
executing them directly in the caller context, avoiding
CPU bottlenecks in
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">g_up</code>/<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">g_down</code> threads,
plus avoid several context switches per I/O. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=260385">[r260385]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
iXsystems)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">geom</span>(4)</span></a> RAID driver has been
updated to support unmapped I/O. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=260385">[r260385]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
iXsystems)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cam&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">cam</span>(4)</span></a> subsystem has been updated to support
finer-grained locking, direct dispatch and multi-queue,
which combined with <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">geom</span>(4)</span></a> direct dispatch, reduces
lock congestion and improves <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">SMP</acronym>
scalability of the SCSI/ATA stack. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=260387">[r260387]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
iXsystems)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">geom</span>(8)</span></a>
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">GEOM_MULTIPATH</code> class has been updated to
support automatic live partition resizing. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=260478">[r260478]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=virtio_blk&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">virtio_blk</span>(4)</span></a> driver has been
updated to support unmapped I/O. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=260857">[r260857]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=virtio_scsi&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">virtio_scsi</span>(4)</span></a> driver has
been updated to support unmapped I/O. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=260858">[r260858]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for LUN-based CD changers has
been removed from the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cd&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">cd</span>(4)</span></a> driver. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=264522">[r264522]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">BIO_DELETE</code> has been added to <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zfs&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">zfs</span>(8)</span></a>
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">zvol</code> volumes. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=264732">[r264732]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for 9th generation HP host bus
adapter cards has been added to <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ciss&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ciss</span>(4)</span></a>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=264734">[r264734]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mpr&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mpr</span>(4)</span></a> device has been added,
providing support for LSI Fusion-MPT 3 12Gb SCSI/SATA
controllers. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=265388">[r265388]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
LSI)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A new <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">zvol</code> property
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">volmode</code> and <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">sysctl</span>(8)</span></a>
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">vfs.zfs.vol.mode</code> has been added to allow
switching <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">zvol</code> between three different
ways of exposing it to a user: <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">geom</code>,
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">dev</code> and <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">none</code>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=265678">[r265678]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mrsas&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mrsas</span>(4)</span></a> driver has been added, providing support for
LSI MegaRAID SAS controllers. The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mfi&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mfi</span>(4)</span></a> driver will
attach to the controller, by default. To enable
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mrsas&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mrsas</span>(4)</span></a> add <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">hw.mfi.mrsas_enable=1</code>
to <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">/boot/loader.conf</code>, which turns off
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mfi&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mfi</span>(4)</span></a> device probing. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=265922">[r265922]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
LSI)</span></p><div xmlns="" class="note"><h3 class="admontitle">Note: </h3><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">At this time, the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mfiutil&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mfiutil</span>(8)</span></a> utility and the FreeBSD
version of <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="application">MegaCLI</span> and
<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="application">StorCli</span> do not work with
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mrsas&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mrsas</span>(4)</span></a>. </p></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Fixed accounting of
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">BIO_FLUSH</code> operation in <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">geom</span>(8)</span></a>
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">GEOM_DISK</code> class <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266608">[r266608]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gstat&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">gstat</span>(8)</span></a> utility now has an
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-o</code> option, to display
<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">other</span>&#8221;</span> operations, such as
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">BIO_FLUSH</code>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266610">[r266610]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mfi&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mfi</span>(4)</span></a> driver has been
updated to include support for unmapped I/O. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=267084">[r267084]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hpt27xx&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">hpt27xx</span>(4)</span></a> driver has been
updated with various vendor-supplied bug fixes. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=267457">[r267457]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for unmapped I/O has been
added to the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xen&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">xen</span>(4)</span></a> <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">blkfront</code>
driver. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=270130">[r270130]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
Citrix Systems R&amp;D)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">geom</span>(8)</span></a> <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">label</code> class is now aware of
resized partitions. This corrects an issue where
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="command">geom resize</code> would resize the partition,
but the label provider in <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">/dev/gptid/</code> would not be
resized. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=259328">[r259328]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
The FreeBSD Foundation)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gmirror&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">gmirror</span>(8)</span></a>
utility now has a <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">resize</code> command, making
it easier to resize the size of a mirror when all of its
components have been replaced. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=260502">[r260502]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for MegaRAID Fury cards has
been added to the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mfi&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mfi</span>(4)</span></a> driver. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=262967">[r262967]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aacraid&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">aacraid</span>(4)</span></a> driver has been
updated to version 3.2.5. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=263024">[r263024]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">GEOM_VINUM</code>
option is now able to be built both directly into the kernel
or as a <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">kldload</span>(8)</span></a> loadable module. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=265536">[r265536]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">geom</span>(8)</span></a>
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">GEOM_PART</code> class has been updated to
support automatic partition resizing. Changes to the
partition size are not saved to disk until
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="command">gpart commit</code> is run, and prior to saving,
can be reverted with <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="command">gpart undo</code>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=265912">[r265912]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom_uncompress&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">geom_uncompress</span>(4)</span></a> module is
built by default which, similar to <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom_uzip&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">geom_uzip</span>(4)</span></a>,
provides support for compressed, read-only disk
images. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266220">[r266220]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for the
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">disklabel64</code> partitioning scheme has been
added to <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gpart&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">gpart</span>(8)</span></a>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=268091">[r268091]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A new <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">sysctl</span>(8)</span></a> and
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">loader</span>(8)</span></a> tunable,
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">kern.geom.part.mbr.enforce_chs</code> has been
added to the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">geom</span>(8)</span></a> <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">MBR</code> partition
class. When set to a non-zero value,
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">GEOM_PART_MBR</code> will automatically
recalculate the user-specified offset and size for alignment
with the disk geometry. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=270552">[r270552]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Many improvements to
the CAM Target Layer (CTL): <span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
iXsystems)</span></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">UNMAP</code>, <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">WRITE
SAME</code>, <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">COMPARE AND WRITE</code>,
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">XCOPY</code> and some other SCSI commands
was added to support VMWare VAAI and Microsoft ODX
storage acceleration. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">READ</code>/<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">WRITE</code> size
limitations were removed by supporting multiple
data moves per command. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=265642">[r265642]</a></p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Finer-grained per-LUN locking and
multiple worker threads for better
<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">SMP</acronym> scapability. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=268556">[r268556]</a></p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Memory consumption reduced by
several times by disabling some never used
functionality. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=269297">[r269297]</a></p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The maximum number of
<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">SCSI</acronym> ports increased from 32 to
128. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=269298">[r269298]</a></p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Improved <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">zvol</code>
integration for better performance. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=269429">[r269429]</a></p></li></ul></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hptnr&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">hptnr</span>(4)</span></a> driver has been
updated to version 1.0.1. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=270810">[r270810]</a><span class="contrib">
(Contributed / provided by
HighPoint)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mrsas&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mrsas</span>(4)</span></a> driver has been
added to the <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">GENERIC</code> kernel
configuration on amd64 and i386
architectures. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=271234">[r271234]</a></p></div><div class="sect3"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="fs"></a>2.2.7. File Systems</h4></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">vfs.zfs.zio.use_uma</code> <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">sysctl</span>(8)</span></a> has
been re-enabled. On multi-CPU machines with enough RAM,
this can easily double <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zfs&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">zfs</span>(8)</span></a> performance or reduce CPU
usage in half. It was originally disabled due to memory and
<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">KVA</acronym> exhaustion problem reports, which
should be resolved due to several changes in the VM
subsystem. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=260338">[r260338]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A new flag, <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-R</code>,
has been added to the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsck_ffs&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">fsck_ffs</span>(8)</span></a> utility. When used,
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsck_ffs&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">fsck_ffs</span>(8)</span></a> will restart itself when too many critical
errors have been detected. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=260178">[r260178]</a><span class="contrib">
(Contributed / provided by
Netflix)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zfs&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">zfs</span>(8)</span></a> filesystem has been
updated to implement <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">bookmarks</span>&#8221;</span>. See
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zfs&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">zfs</span>(8)</span></a> for further details. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=263407">[r263407]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zfs&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">zfs</span>(8)</span></a> filesystem has been
updated to allow tuning the minimum <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">ashift</span>&#8221;</span>
value when creating new top-level virtual devices (vdevs).
To set the minimum ashift value, for example when creating
a <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zpool&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">zpool</span>(8)</span></a> on <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">Advanced Format</span>&#8221;</span> drives,
set the <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">vfs.zfs.min_auto_ashift</code>
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">sysctl</span>(8)</span></a> accordingly. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266122">[r266122]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">libzfs</code> thread
pool <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">API</acronym> has been imported from
OpenSolaris, and adapted for FreeBSD. This change allows
parallel disk scanning, which can reduce <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zpool&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">zpool</span>(8)</span></a>
overall import time in some workloads. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266612">[r266612]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=restore&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">restore</span>(8)</span></a> utility has been
updated to prevent assertion failures when restoring
a <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">UFS</acronym> filesystem dump to
a <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">ZFS</acronym> filesystem by writing restored
files in block sizes that are a multiple of 1024. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=269651">[r269651]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Two <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">sysctl</span>(8)</span></a>s have been added
to the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zfs&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">zfs</span>(8)</span></a> filesystem: <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=269774">[r269774]</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">vfs.zfs.mg_fragmentation_threshold</code>: The
percentage of the metaslab group size that should be
considered eligible for allocation, unless all metaslab
groups within the metaslab class have also crossed this
threshold. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">vfs.zfs.metaslab.fragmentation_threshold</code>: The
maximum percentage of metaslab fragmentation level to
keep their active state </p></li></ul></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The default <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zfs&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">zfs</span>(8)</span></a>
<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">ARC</acronym> hash table size has been increased,
and a new <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">loader</span>(8)</span></a> tunable,
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">vfs.zfs.arc_average_blocksize</code>, has been
added. Previously, the hash table could be too small, which
would lead to long hash chains and limit performance for
cached reads. The
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">vfs.zfs.arc_average_blocksize</code> tunable
allows overriding the default block size. The previous
default was 65536, and default of the new <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">loader</span>(8)</span></a>
tunable is 8192. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=269846">[r269846]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The Fast File System
(<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">FFS</acronym>) has been updated to support
multi-threaded soft updates. Previously, soft updates were
handled by a single thread, and as of this change, now have
one thread per <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">FFS</acronym> mountpoint. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=270157">[r270157]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The
new filesystem automount facility, <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=autofs&amp;sektion=5"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">autofs</span>(5)</span></a>, has been
merged from FreeBSD-CURRENT. The new <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=autofs&amp;sektion=5"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">autofs</span>(5)</span></a> facility
is similar to that found in other <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">UNIX</span>®-like operating
systems, such as OS X&#8482; and Solaris&#8482;. The
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=autofs&amp;sektion=5"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">autofs</span>(5)</span></a> facility uses a <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">Sun</span>&#8482;-compatible
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=auto_master&amp;sektion=5"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">auto_master</span>(5)</span></a> configuration file, and is administered
with the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=automount&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">automount</span>(8)</span></a> userland utility, and the
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=automountd&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">automountd</span>(8)</span></a> and <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=autounmountd&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">autounmountd</span>(8)</span></a> daemons. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=270892">[r270892]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
The FreeBSD Foundation)</span></p></div></div><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="userland"></a>2.3. Userland Changes</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A new flag is added to <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=camcontrol&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">camcontrol</span>(8)</span></a>,
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-b</code>, which outputs the existing buses and
their parents. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=260177">[r260177]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
Netflix)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=newsyslog&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">newsyslog</span>(8)</span></a> utility has been
updated to rotate files based on the actual file size instead
of the blocks on disk. This matches the behavior documented
in <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=newsyslog.conf&amp;sektion=5"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">newsyslog.conf</span>(5)</span></a>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=262075">[r262075]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The location of the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rctl&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rctl</span>(8)</span></a>
configuration file can now be overridden in <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&amp;sektion=5"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rc.conf</span>(5)</span></a>.
To use a non-default location, set
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">rctl_rules</code> in <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&amp;sektion=5"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rc.conf</span>(5)</span></a> to the
location of the file. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=262384">[r262384]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="application">ATF</span> test
suite has been updated to version 0.20. The test suite is
disabled by default in FreeBSD 10.1, and can be enabled by
adding <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">WITH_TESTS=yes</code> to
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=src.conf&amp;sektion=5"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">src.conf</span>(5)</span></a>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=262855">[r262855]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">libucl</code> library
(Unified Configuration Library) has been merged from
FreeBSD-CURRENT. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=263019">[r263019]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pkg&amp;sektion=7"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">pkg</span>(7)</span></a> bootstrapping utility
has been synced with the version in FreeBSD-CURRENT. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=263020">[r263020]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zfs&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">zfs</span>(8)</span></a> userland utility has
been updated to include aliases for
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="command">snapshot</code>, which allows use of <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="command">zfs
list -t snap</code> and <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="command">zfs
snap</code>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=263403">[r263403]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zfs&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">zfs</span>(8)</span></a> userland utility has
been updated to include a new flag to <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="command">zfs
list</code>, <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-p</code>, which when specified,
prints the output in a parsable format. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=263405">[r263405]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The Blowfish password format
implementation has been updated. Support for
$2b$ has been added, allowing use of passwords
greater than 256 characters long. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=263783">[r263783]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=iconv&amp;sektion=3"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">iconv</span>(3)</span></a> library has been
updated to match NetBSD, providing several bug fixes. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=264497">[r264497]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=date&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">date</span>(1)</span></a> utility has been
updated to include a new flag, <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-R</code>, which
prints the date and time output as specified in RFC
2822. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=265265">[r265265]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bc&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">bc</span>(1)</span></a> utility has been updated
to version 1.1, in sync with the version in OpenBSD. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=265533">[r265533]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pmcstat&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">pmcstat</span>(8)</span></a> utility has been
updated to include a new flag, <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-a</code>, which
when specified, produces a full stack track on the sampled
points. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=265604">[r265604]</a><span class="contrib">
(Contributed / provided by
Netflix)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=netstat&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">netstat</span>(8)</span></a> and <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=route&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">route</span>(8)</span></a>
utilities have been updated to include a shorthand equivalent
to the <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-f inet</code> and <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-f
inet6</code> address specifiers, <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-4</code>
and <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-6</code>, respectively. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=265701">[r265701]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=crypt&amp;sektion=3"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">crypt</span>(3)</span></a> library now defaults
to SHA512 for password hashing. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=265879">[r265879]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gvinum&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">gvinum</span>(8)</span></a> utility has been
updated to allow forceful configuration reset with the
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-f</code> flag. Additionally, a bug that would
prevent <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-f</code> from properly creating
a <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gvinum&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">gvinum</span>(8)</span></a> configuration has been fixed. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266014">[r266014]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=login.conf&amp;sektion=5"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">login.conf</span>(5)</span></a> file now takes
precedence over the shell-specific environment files. In
particular, the <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">PATH</code>,
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">BLOCKSIZE</code> variables are commented from
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">/usr/share/skel/dot.profile</code>, and the
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">path</code>, <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">BLOCKSIZE</code>, and
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">umask</code> variables have been commented from
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">/usr/share/skel/dot.cshrc</code>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266029">[r266029]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=binmiscctl&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">binmiscctl</span>(8)</span></a> userland utility
and related image activator features have been merged from
FreeBSD-CURRENT. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266272">[r266272]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ps&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ps</span>(1)</span></a> utility has been
updated to include the <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-J</code> flag, used to
filter output by matching <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=jail&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">jail</span>(8)</span></a> IDs and names.
Additionally, argument <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">0</code> can be used to
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-J</code> to only list processes running on the
host system. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266279">[r266279]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=top&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">top</span>(1)</span></a> utility has been updated
to filter by <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=jail&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">jail</span>(8)</span></a> ID or name, in followup to the
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ps&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ps</span>(1)</span></a> change in <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">r265229</code>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266280">[r266280]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gstat&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">gstat</span>(8)</span></a> utility has been
updated to include a new flag, <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-o</code>. When
set, <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gstat&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">gstat</span>(8)</span></a> will display statistics for operations
such as <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">BIO_FLUSH</code>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266610">[r266610]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fetch&amp;sektion=3"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">fetch</span>(3)</span></a> library has been
updated to look for root <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">SSL</acronym> certificates
in <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">/usr/local/etc/ssl/</code>
before <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">/etc/ssl/</code>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266632">[r266632]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=clang&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">clang</span>(1)</span></a>/llvm suite has been
updated to version 3.4.1. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266715">[r266715]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The Blowfish password format
has been changed to $2b$ by default. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266816">[r266816]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The amount of data collected for
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hwpmc&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">hwpmc</span>(4)</span></a> has been updated to work with modern processors
and larger amounts of available memory. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266888">[r266888]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pmcstat&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">pmcstat</span>(8)</span></a> utility has been
updated to include a new flag, <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-l</code>, which
ends event collection after the specified number of
seconds. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266890">[r266890]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mergemaster&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mergemaster</span>(8)</span></a> utility has
been updated to avoid printing
<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote"><code class="filename">/var/tmp/temproot</code>
disappeared</span>&#8221;</span> if there is nothing to compare. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266953">[r266953]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The FreeBSD installer, <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bsdinstall&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">bsdinstall</span>(8)</span></a>,
has been updated to include optional
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geli&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">geli</span>(8)</span></a>-encrypted or <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gmirror&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">gmirror</span>(8)</span></a>-mirrored swap
devices when installing onto a full <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zfs&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">zfs</span>(8)</span></a> filesystem.
Additionally, the parent <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zfs&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">zfs</span>(8)</span></a> dataset is now configured
with <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">lz4</code> compression enabled. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=267056">[r267056]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The default <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=newsyslog.conf&amp;sektion=5"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">newsyslog.conf</span>(5)</span></a> now
includes files in the
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</code> and
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">/usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</code>
directories by default for <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=newsyslog&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">newsyslog</span>(8)</span></a>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=267113">[r267113]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=realpath&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">realpath</span>(1)</span></a> utility has been
updated to return <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">ENOTDIR</code> on paths
components <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">.</span>&#8221;</span> and <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">..</span>&#8221;</span> that are
not directories, such as <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">/dev/null/.</code> or <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">/dev/null/..</code>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=267161">[r267161]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A new flag, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">onifconsole</span>&#8221;</span>
has been added to <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">/etc/ttys</code>. This allows
the system to provide a login prompt via serial console if the
device is an active kernel console, otherwise it is equivalent
to <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">off</code>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=267236">[r267236]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for legacy
<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">PCI</acronym> devices has been removed from
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bhyve&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">bhyve</span>(8)</span></a>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=267341">[r267341]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bhyve&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">bhyve</span>(8)</span></a> userland utility
has been updated to include SMBIOS support. A new flag has
been added, <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-U</code>, which allows specifying the
UUID of the guest in the System Information structure. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=267450">[r267450]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The FreeBSD Project has migrated
from the <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="application">GNATS</span> bug tracking system
to <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="application">Bugzilla</span>. The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=send-pr&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">send-pr</span>(1)</span></a>
utility used for submitting problem reports has been replaced
with a stub shell script that instructs to use the Bugzilla
web interface. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=267734">[r267734]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=patch&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">patch</span>(1)</span></a> utility has been
updated to include a <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">--dry-run</code> flag, which
is equivalent to <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">--check</code> and
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-C</code>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=267747">[r267747]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A bug in <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bsdgrep&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">bsdgrep</span>(1)</span></a> that would
prevent patterns from being matched under certain conditions
has been fixed. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=267878">[r267878]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=procstat&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">procstat</span>(1)</span></a> utility has been
updated to include two new flags, <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-r</code> and
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-H</code>. When <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-r</code> is
specified, <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=procstat&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">procstat</span>(1)</span></a> will print current resource usage
about the process(es). When <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-H</code> is
specified, <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=procstat&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">procstat</span>(1)</span></a> will print information about
threads rather than the process(es). <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=267979">[r267979]</a></p><div xmlns="" class="note"><h3 class="admontitle">Note: </h3><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-H</code> flag is currently only used
with <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-r</code> to display resource usage for
individual threads, rather than the entire process. </p></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sed&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">sed</span>(1)</span></a> utility has been
updated to include a new flag, <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-u</code>, which
enables unbuffered output when specified. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=268019">[r268019]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mkimg&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mkimg</span>(1)</span></a> utility has been
merged from FreeBSD-CURRENT. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=268161">[r268161]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=camcontrol&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">camcontrol</span>(8)</span></a> has been
updated to include a new <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">persist</code> command,
which allows issuing <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="command">SCSI PERSISTENT RESERVE
IN</code> and <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="command">SCSI PERSISTENT RESERVE
OUT</code>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=268700">[r268700]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
Spectra Logic)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gstat&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">gstat</span>(8)</span></a> utility has been
updated to include a new flag, <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-p</code>, which
displays only physical providers when specified. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=268791">[r268791]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldstat&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">kldstat</span>(8)</span></a> utility has been
updated to allow <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-q</code> to be specified when
also specifying <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-n
<em class="replaceable"><code>module.ko</code></em></code>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=268903">[r268903]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mkimg&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mkimg</span>(1)</span></a> utility has been
updated to include support for both fixed- and
dynamically-allocated images for the <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">VHD</acronym>
and <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">VMDK</acronym> formats. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=269177">[r269177]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=random&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">random</span>(4)</span></a> entropy collection
script, <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">/usr/libexec/save-entropy</code>, no
longer runs within <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=jail&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">jail</span>(8)</span></a> environments. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=269220">[r269220]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bhyve&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">bhyve</span>(8)</span></a> wrapper script,
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">/usr/share/examples/bhyve/vmrun.sh</code>,
has been synced with FreeBSD-CURRENT. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=269397">[r269397]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">This update includes: </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A new flag, <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-e</code>, has been added,
which is used to set <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">loader</span>(8)</span></a> environment
variables. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A new flag, <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-C</code>, has been added,
which is used to specify the guest console device. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A new flag, <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-H</code>, has been added,
which is used to pass the host path to
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bhyveload&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">bhyveload</span>(8)</span></a>. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for multiple disk and <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tap&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">tap</span>(4)</span></a> devices
has been added. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-I</code> flag has been
removed. </p></li></ul></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nfsd&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">nfsd</span>(8)</span></a> server update to 4.1,
adding support for RFC5661, has merged from
FreeBSD-CURRENT. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=269398">[r269398]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">[ia64] The serial terminals
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">ttyu0</code> and <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">ttyu1</code> have
been updated to <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">onifconsole</code> by default in
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ttys&amp;sektion=5"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ttys</span>(5)</span></a>, which either can be the serial console,
depending on the platform. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=269432">[r269432]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ping6&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ping6</span>(8)</span></a> utility has been
updated to reset <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">itimer</code> when the maximum
number of packets to send have been reached. This prevents
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ping6&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ping6</span>(8)</span></a> from exiting when the interval in set to a small
value and a low number of packets to send has been
specified. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=269800">[r269800]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=jail&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">jail</span>(8)</span></a> utility has been
updated to support extra <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ifconfig&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ifconfig</span>(8)</span></a> arguments for the
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">ip4.addr</code> and <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">ip6.addr</code>
parameters. This change allows <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=carp&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">carp</span>(4)</span></a> interfaces to
be used within the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=jail&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">jail</span>(8)</span></a>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=269805">[r269805]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for generating and compiling
<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">USDT</acronym> <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="application">DTrace</span>
probes has been improved. <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="application">DTrace</span>
<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">USDT</acronym> files are now handled similar to
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lex&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">lex</span>(1)</span></a> and <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=yacc&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">yacc</span>(1)</span></a> files, meaning support for
handling <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="application">D</span> files as part of the
build process is built into the <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">SRCS</code>
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=make&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">make</span>(1)</span></a> environment variable. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=269946">[r269946]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=iscsictl&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">iscsictl</span>(8)</span></a> utility has been
updated to include a new flag, <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-M</code>, which
allows modifying the <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">iSCSI</acronym> session
parameters without requiring the session to be removed and
added back. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=269968">[r269968]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mount_nfs&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mount_nfs</span>(8)</span></a> utility has been
updated to support specifying the NFS version as
a <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">key=<em class="replaceable"><code>value</code></em></code> pair
argument to the <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-o</code> flag. For example, to
specify NFS version 4, the syntax to use is
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">-o vers=4</code>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=270043">[r270043]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">devd</span>(8)</span></a> client socket type
has been changed to <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">SOCK_SEQPACKET</code>,
providing sequential packet support. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=270242">[r270242]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
Spectra Logic)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for the <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">account</span>&#8221;</span>
facility has been added to the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pam_group&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">pam_group</span>(8)</span></a>
module. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=270401">[r270401]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pathchk&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">pathchk</span>(1)</span></a> utility has been
updated to ensure bytes greater than or equal to 128 are
considered non-portable. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=270890">[r270890]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zdb&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">zdb</span>(8)</span></a> utility is now included in the set of applications
installed in the <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">/rescue</code> environment, making it
possible to examine <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zfs&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">zfs</span>(8)</span></a> filesystems when <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">/usr</code> is unavailable. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=270997">[r270997]</a><span class="contrib">
(Contributed / provided by
FreeNAS)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Several <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">libc</code> improvements have been
merged from illumos&#8482; and <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">Apple</span>®, providing better
internationalization support and <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">POSIX</span>® compliance. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for adding empty partitions has
been added to the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mkimg&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mkimg</span>(1)</span></a> utility. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=271967">[r271967]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for QCOW and QCOW2 disk image
formats has been added to the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mkimg&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mkimg</span>(1)</span></a> utility. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=272819">[r272819]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mkimg&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mkimg</span>(1)</span></a> utility has been
updated to include three options used to print information
about <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mkimg&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mkimg</span>(1)</span></a> itself: <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=273098">[r273098]</a></p><div class="informaltable"><table border="0"><colgroup><col /><col /></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Option</th><th>Output</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code class="literal">--version</code></td><td>The current version of the <a class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mkimg&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mkimg</span>(1)</span></a>
utility</td></tr><tr><td><code class="literal">--formats</code></td><td>The disk image file formats supported by
<a class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mkimg&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mkimg</span>(1)</span></a></td></tr><tr><td><code class="literal">--schemes</code></td><td>The partition schemes supported by
<a class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mkimg&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mkimg</span>(1)</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="sect3"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="rc-scripts"></a>2.3.1. <code class="filename">/etc/rc.d</code> Scripts</h4></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">network.subr</code>
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rc</span>(8)</span></a> script has been updated to loosen the requirement
of listing network aliases in numeric order. Previously,
a network alias of
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">_alias<em class="replaceable"><code>2</code></em></code>
would not be created if
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">_alias<em class="replaceable"><code>1</code></em></code> was
not defined. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=264438">[r264438]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=service&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">service</span>(8)</span></a> utility has been
updated to check that the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.d&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rc.d</span>(8)</span></a> directory exists
before traversing the directory. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=268098">[r268098]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">A regression introduced in
FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE that would prevent proper IPv6
allocation via the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=jail&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">jail</span>(8)</span></a> <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rc</span>(8)</span></a> startup script
has been fixed. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=259141">[r259141]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rc</span>(8)</span></a> restriction requiring
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mdconfig&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mdconfig</span>(8)</span></a> devices defined in <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&amp;sektion=5"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rc.conf</span>(5)</span></a> to be
listed sequentially has been removed. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=264438">[r264438]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sshd&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">sshd</span>(8)</span></a> <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.d&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rc.d</span>(8)</span></a> startup
script now generates <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">ED25519</code> <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sshd&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">sshd</span>(8)</span></a>
host keys if keys do not already exist when
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">ssh_keygen_alg()</code> is invoked. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=262566">[r262566]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vt&amp;sektion=4"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">vt</span>(4)</span></a> keyboard maps
has been added to the <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">syscons</code>
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.d&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rc.d</span>(8)</span></a> startup script. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=271095">[r271095]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Support for subdirectories within
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">/etc/rc.conf.d/<em class="replaceable"><code>service</code></em>/</code>
has been added the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.d&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rc.d</span>(8)</span></a>. This allows creating
separate configuration files for services such as
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">netif</code>, for example, where each network
interface can have a separate configuration file. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=271260">[r271260]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The default <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&amp;sektion=5"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rc.conf</span>(5)</span></a>,
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">/etc/defaults/rc.conf</code>, has been updated
to include <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">/usr/lib32/compat</code> in the
default <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">ld-elf32.so.1</code> search
path. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=272078">[r272078]</a></p></div><div class="sect3"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="periodic-scripts"></a>2.3.2. <code class="filename">/etc/periodic</code> Scripts</h4></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The daily <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=periodic&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">periodic</span>(8)</span></a> script
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">110.clean-tmps</code> has been updated to
avoid crossing filesystem mount boundaries when cleaning
files in <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">/tmp</code>. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=272430">[r272430]</a></p></div></div><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="contrib"></a>2.4. Contributed Software</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xz&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">xz</span>(1)</span></a> utility has been updated
to a post-5.0.5 snapshot. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=263285">[r263285]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"><span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="application">OpenSSH</span> has
been updated to version 6.6p1. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=264377">[r264377]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nc&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">nc</span>(1)</span></a> utility has been updated
to match the version in OpenBSD 5.5. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=264911">[r264911]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"><span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="application">Sendmail</span>
has been updated to 8.14.9. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=266692">[r266692]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=file&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">file</span>(1)</span></a> utility and
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=libmagic&amp;sektion=3"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">libmagic</span>(3)</span></a> library have been updated to 5.19. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=268515">[r268515]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=byacc&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">byacc</span>(1)</span></a> parser has been
updated to version 20140422. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=268899">[r268899]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lldb&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">lldb</span>(1)</span></a> debugging library has
been updated to the r202189 snapshot. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=269024">[r269024]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
DARPA, AFRL)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=unbound&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">unbound</span>(8)</span></a> caching resolver and
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">ldns</code> have been updated to version
1.4.22. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=269257">[r269257]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">lite</span>&#8221;</span> version of
<span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="application">Subversion</span> included in the
FreeBSD base system and its dependencies have been
updated: <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=269847">[r269847]</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"><span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="application">apr</span> has been
updated to version 1.5.1. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"><span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="application">apr-util</span> has been
updated to version 1.5.3. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"><span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="application">serf</span> has been
updated to version 1.3.7. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"><span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="application">svnlite</span> has been
updated to version 1.8.10. </p></li></ul></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nvi&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">nvi</span>(1)</span></a> editor has been
update to version 2.1.2-c80f493b038. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=270026">[r270026]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fparseln&amp;sektion=3"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">fparseln</span>(3)</span></a> library has
been updated to version 1.7. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=270031">[r270031]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="application">lukemftpd</span>
<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">FTP</acronym> server has been removed from the
FreeBSD base system. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=270415">[r270415]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The timezone database has been updated
to version tzdata2014f. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=270817">[r270817]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"><span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="application">OpenPAM</span> has
been updated to Ourouparia (20140912). <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=271947">[r271947]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional"><span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="application">OpenSSL</span> has
been updated to version 1.0.1j. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=273399">[r273399]</a></p></div><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="ports"></a>2.5. Ports/Packages Collection Infrastructure</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pkg&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">pkg</span>(8)</span></a> package management utility has been
updated to version 1.3.8. </p></div><div class="sect2"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title"><a id="releng"></a>2.6. Release Engineering and Integration</h3></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=services.mkdb&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">services.mkdb</span>(8)</span></a> utility has
been updated to include endianness awareness, allowing the
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">services.db</code> database to be created as
part of the release build, regardless of native- or
cross-built releases. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=263028">[r263028]</a></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">release/</code> scripts have
been updated to produce <acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">UEFI</acronym>-capable and
<acronym xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="acronym">BIOS</acronym>-capable CD-ROM ISOs as well as memory
stick images for the FreeBSD/amd64 architecture. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=271470">[r271470]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
The FreeBSD Foundation)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">release/scripts/pkg-stage.sh</code> script has
been updated to include a symlink to the on-disc version of
<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pkg&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">pkg</span>(8)</span></a> in the <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">packages/</code> structure on the
DVD installer. This allows the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pkg&amp;sektion=7"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">pkg</span>(7)</span></a> bootstrap utility
to properly locate the <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">Latest/pkg.txz</code>
package on the DVD when <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">REPOS_DIR</code> is set to
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">/dist/packages/repos</code>,
eliminating the need for a network connection or explicitly
providing the path to the version included on the DVD
installation medium. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=271943">[r271943]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
The FreeBSD Foundation)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The
FreeBSD Release Engineering build tools have been updated to
provide support for building virtual machine disk images as
part of the release build process using <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mkimg&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mkimg</span>(1)</span></a>. The
disk image formats currently supported include QCOW2, VHD,
VMDK, and raw formats. See <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=release&amp;sektion=7"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">release</span>(7)</span></a> for additional
information. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=273101">[r273101]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
The FreeBSD Foundation)</span></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">The
FreeBSD Release Engineering build tools have been updated to
provide support for building FreeBSD virtual machine disk images
for the <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="trademark">Microsoft</span>® Azure cloud hosting platform. This
functionality is not connected directly to the default
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">release</code> <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=make&amp;sektion=1"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">make</span>(1)</span></a> target, however can be
invoked by specifying the <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="literal">vm-azure</code> target
directly. <a href="http://svn.freebsd.org/viewvc/base?view=revision&amp;revision=273199">[r273199]</a><span class="contrib">
(Sponsored by
The FreeBSD Foundation)</span></p></div></div><div class="sect1"><div xmlns="" class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="upgrade"></a>3. Upgrading from Previous Releases of FreeBSD</h2></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">[amd64,i386] Binary upgrades between RELEASE versions
(and snapshots of the various security branches) are supported
using the <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=freebsd-update&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">freebsd-update</span>(8)</span></a> utility. The binary upgrade
procedure will update unmodified userland utilities, as well as
unmodified <code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">GENERIC</code> kernel distributed as
a part of an official FreeBSD release. The <a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="citerefentry" href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=freebsd-update&amp;sektion=8"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">freebsd-update</span>(8)</span></a>
utility requires that the host being upgraded have Internet
connectivity. </p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the FreeBSD
base system from source code) from previous versions are
supported, according to the instructions in
<code xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="filename">/usr/src/UPDATING</code>. </p><div xmlns="" class="important"><h3 class="admontitle">Important: </h3><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional">Upgrading FreeBSD should only be attempted after
backing up <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="emphasis"><em>all</em></span> data and configuration
files. </p></div></div></div><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" align="center"><small>This file, and other release-related documents,
can be downloaded from <a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/">http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/</a>.</small></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" align="center"><small>For questions about FreeBSD, read the
<a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/docs.html">documentation</a> before
contacting &lt;<a href="mailto:questions@FreeBSD.org">questions@FreeBSD.org</a>&gt;.</small></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" align="center"><small>All users of FreeBSD 10.1-STABLE should
subscribe to the &lt;<a href="mailto:stable@FreeBSD.org">stable@FreeBSD.org</a>&gt;
mailing list.</small></p><p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" align="center"><small>For questions about this documentation,
e-mail &lt;<a href="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">doc@FreeBSD.org</a>&gt;.</small></p></body></html>
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