3ecc7cdee6
* Clarify how detrimental a pkg_delete f pkgconfig can be * Sync the "up-to-date" question and answer in both FAQs
467 lines
16 KiB
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467 lines
16 KiB
Text
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" [
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<!ENTITY base CDATA "../..">
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<!ENTITY date "$FreeBSD: www/en/gnome/docs/faq.sgml,v 1.34 2002/07/05 06:31:40 marcus Exp $">
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<!ENTITY title "FreeBSD GNOME Project: GNOME 1.4.1 FAQ">
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<!ENTITY % gnomeincludes SYSTEM "../includes.sgml"> %gnomeincludes;
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<!ENTITY % includes SYSTEM "../../includes.sgml"> %includes;
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]>
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<html>
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&header;
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<table border="0">
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<tr>
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<td>
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<h2>Contents</h2>
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<ol>
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<li> <a href="#q1">How do I get GNOME for FreeBSD?</a>
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<li> <a href="#q2">GNOME is failing to build from ports. What do
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I do?</a>
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<li> <a href="#q3">I installed GNOME, but I'm missing application
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foo. What gives?</a>
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<li> <a href="#q4">How do I keep my GNOME components and
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applications up-to-date?</a>
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<li> <a href="#q5">What is the difference between GNOME and KDE?
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Which one is better?</a>
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<li> <a href="#q6">Where can I get more themes for GNOME?</a>
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<li> <a href="#q7">What window managers work well with GNOME?</a>
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<li> <a href="#q8">Why can't I launch Linux apps from the GNOME
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panel?</a>
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<li> <a href="#q9">Why is GNOME so huge, slow and basically
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useless?</a>
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<li> <a href="#q10">Does GNOME support anti-aliased fonts?</a>
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<li> <a href="#q11">How do I enable Java support in the Mozilla
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or Galeon web browser?</a>
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</ol>
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<h2>Full Text </h2>
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<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2">
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<!-- Q1 -->
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<tr>
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<td width="10">
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<b><a name="q1"> 1.</a></b>
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</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
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<b>How do I get GNOME for FreeBSD?</b>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<!-- A1 -->
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<td width="10"> <br> </td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
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<p>There are two ways to install GNOME on FreeBSD. One way is to use
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<a href="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/packages-using.html">
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packages</a>, and the other way is to use
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<a href="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ports-using.html">
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ports</a>.</p>
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<p>To install GNOME from packages, use the command:</p>
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<tt># pkg_add -r gnome</tt>
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<p>This will download the latest GNOME packages from the FreeBSD FTP
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site, and proceed to install them on your system. <b>Note:</b> As
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of 4.4-RELEASE, installing GNOME from packages contained on a
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release CDROM is broken. You should instead use the ports
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method below. The problem was fixed in the 4.5-RELEASE.</p>
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<p>To build and install GNOME from ports, you should first
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<a href="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/cvsup.html">
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cvsup</a> the latest ports tree. Then:</p>
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<pre>
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# cd /usr/ports/x11/gnome
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# make clean
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# make install clean
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</pre>
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<p>After installing GNOME, you might consider adding the following
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to <tt>/etc/make.conf</tt>:</p>
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<pre>
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WITH_GTK=yes
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</pre>
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<p>This is an optional step, but will allow certain ports, such as
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Vim, to take advantage of the Gtk+ widget set.</p>
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<p>Currently, building from ports is the preferred method for
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installing GNOME on FreeBSD, however FreeBSD GNOME team is working
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on improving situation with pre-built packages.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td><br></td></tr>
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<!-- Q2 -->
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<tr>
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<td width="10">
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<b><a name="q2"> 2.</a></b></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
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<b>GNOME is failing to build from ports. What do I do?</b>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<!-- A2 -->
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<tr>
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<td width="10"> <br> </td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
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<p>The majority of GNOME compilation problems can be solved by making
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sure all the necessary GNOME components are up-to-date. All GNOME
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applications require the following core components to build:</p>
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<pre>
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pkg-config
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glib
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gettext
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gtk+
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ORBit
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Imlib
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esound
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gnomelibs
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gnomecore
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</pre>
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<p>Verify all those components are up-to-date, then try building
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GNOME or your GNOME application again. You may see compiler errors
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relating to pthreads (POSIX threads), such as:</p>
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<pre>
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undefined reference to 'strerror_r'
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</pre>
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<p>To fix thread related errors, make sure you have the following
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compiled into your kernel:</p>
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<pre>
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options P1003_1B
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options _KPOSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING
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</pre>
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<p>And make sure if you're tracking -stable or -current, that you
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do <b>not</b> have <tt>NOLIBC_R</tt> set in <tt>/etc/make.conf</tt>.
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If you do, remove it, then rebuild world. If you still have trouble,
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please send email to <a href="mailto:&email;@FreeBSD.org">
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&email;@FreeBSD.org</a> with the output of the failed compilation.
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</p>
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<p>Ports such as <tt>devel/pth</tt> and <tt>devel/ngpt</tt> can
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also cause pthread-related problems when compiling GNOME. If you
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do not need these ports installed, it is recommended you remove them.
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td><br></td></tr>
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<!-- Q3 -->
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<tr>
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<td width="10">
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<b><a name="q3"> 3.</a></b></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
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<b>I installed GNOME, but I'm missing application foo. What gives?</b>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<!-- A3 -->
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<tr>
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<td width="10"> <br> </td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
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<p>Only the core components, and a few extras, are included in the
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<tt>gnome</tt> package. There is another meta-port called
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<tt>gnome-fifth-toe</tt> that includes some more popular (and
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bigger) GNOME applications. <tt>gnome-fifth-toe</tt> includes
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Galeon, Pan, Gnumeric, AbiWord, GNUCash, Evolution, Gimp, Dia, and
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more.</p>
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<p>To install <tt>gnome-fifth-toe</tt> from packages. <b>Note</b>:
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Installing <tt>gnome-fifth-toe</tt> from packages was broken
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broken on 4.4-RELEASE (fixed in 4.5-RELEASE).</p>
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<tt># pkg_add -r gnome-fifth-toe</tt>
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<p>To build <tt>gnome-fifth-toe</tt> from ports:</p>
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<pre>
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# cd /usr/ports/x11/gnome-fifth-toe
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# make clean
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# make install clean
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</pre>
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<p>A full list of GNOME applications that have been ported to
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FreeBSD can be found <a href="../../ports/gnome.html">here</a>.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td><br></td></tr>
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<!-- Q4 -->
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<tr>
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<td width="10">
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<b><a name="q4"> 4.</a></b></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
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<b>How do I keep my GNOME components and applications
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up-to-date?</b>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<!-- A4 -->
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<tr>
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<td width="10"> <br> </td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
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<p>I find that <tt>/usr/ports/sysutils/portupgrade</tt> works really
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well. For example:</p>
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<tt># portupgrade -r pkgconfig</tt>
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<p>This will upgrade pkgconfig and every other port that depends
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on it (that needs updating).</p>
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<p>However, sometimes so much changes that it becomes
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necessary to do a little housekeeping first. In that case, this
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usually works:</p>
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<pre>
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# pkg_delete -r pkgconfig\*
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# cd /usr/ports/x11/gnome
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# make clean
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# make install clean
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</pre>
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<p>These steps will remove <b>all</b> the GNOME 1 and 2 components
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and applications from your machine, but only reinstalls the
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GNOME 1 desktop. You should be aware, that if it comes to
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this, you will need to reinstall your applications after
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reinstalling the desktop. Fortunately, this extreme measure
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is only rarely needed.
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td><br></td></tr>
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<!-- Q5 -->
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<tr>
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<td width="10">
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<b><a name="q5"> 5.</a></b></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
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<b>What is the difference between GNOME and KDE? Which one is
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better?</b>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<!-- A5 -->
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<tr>
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<td width="10"> <br> </td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
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<p>GNOME and KDE are both desktop environments. GNOME is based on
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the GTK+ widget set, and is primarily written in C. KDE on the
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other hand is based on the QT widget set, and is primarily written
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in C++.</p>
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<p>Both environments offer a wide range of applications from toys and
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games to full-blown office suites. Both are actively developed and
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ported to FreeBSD. If you're trying to decide which one to call
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your own, try them both, and see which one <b>you</b> like better.
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</p>
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<p>You can read more about KDE on FreeBSD at
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<a href="http://freebsd.kde.org">http://freebsd.kde.org</a>.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td><br></td></tr>
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<!-- Q6 -->
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<tr>
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<td width="10">
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<b><a name="q6"> 6.</a></b></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
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<b>Where can I get more themes for GNOME?</b>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<!-- A6 -->
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<tr>
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<td width="10"> <br> </td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
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<p>If you're tired of the default themes that come with GNOME, you
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do have options. First, FreeBSD's ports collection comes with a
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rather large collection of GTK themes for GNOME. To install these
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from packages, run:</p>
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<tt># pkg_add -r gtk-engines-collection</tt>
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<p>To install the themes from ports, do:</p>
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<pre>
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# cd /usr/ports/x11-toolkits/gtk-engines-collection
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# make clean
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# make install clean
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</pre>
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<p>If you want even more themes, checkout
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<a href="http://gtk.themes.org">http://gtk.themes.org</a>. Note,
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you will probably need to install the <tt>gtk-engines-collection</tt>
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before using any of the pixmap themes from themes.org.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td><br></td></tr>
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<!-- Q7 -->
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<tr>
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<td width="10">
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<b><a name="q7"> 7.</a></b></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
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<b>What window managers work well with GNOME?</b>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<!-- A7 -->
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<tr>
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<td width="10"> <br> </td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
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<p>The <tt>gnome</tt> meta-port installs the
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<a href="http://sawmill.sourceforge.net/">Sawfish</a> window manager
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by default. However, there are other window managers you can use
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with GNOME. These include:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="http://www.enlightenment.org/pages/main.html">Enlightenment</a></li>
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<li><a href="http://www.fvwm.org/">FVWM2</a></li>
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<li><a href="http://www.windowmaker.org/">WindowMaker</a></li>
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<li><a href="http://www.afterstep.org/">Afterstep</a></li>
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<li><a href="http://www.icewm.org/">IceWM</a></li>
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<li><a href="http://www.xfce.org/">XFce</a></li>
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</ul>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td><br></td></tr>
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<!-- Q8 -->
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<tr>
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<td width="10">
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<b><a name="q8"> 8.</a></b></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
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<b>Why can't I launch Linux apps from the GNOME panel?</b>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<!-- A8 -->
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<tr>
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<td width="10"><br></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
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<p>Short answer is you can. The problem is most likely that you
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have Launch Feedback (xalf) enabled. xalf is a FreeBSD shared
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object, and as such cannot be loaded by Linux applications.
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When you try to load a Linux application, nothing will happen,
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and something like the following will show up in
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<tt>~/.gnomerc-errors</tt> or on stdout:</p>
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<pre>
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/usr/local/Acrobat4/Reader/intellinux/bin/acroread: error in loading shared
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libraries: /usr/X11R6/lib/libxalflaunch.so.0: ELF file OS ABI invalid.
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</pre>
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<p>To fix this problem you need to install the
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<tt>linux-xalf</tt> port. This port (or package) installs
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the Linux version of <tt>libxalflaunch.so.0</tt> in
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<tt>/compat/linux/usr/X11R6/lib</tt>, and will be used
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instead of the FreeBSD binary when launching Linux
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applications. You may see the following error after installing
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<tt>linux-xalf</tt>:</p>
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<pre>
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/usr/libexec/ld-elf.so.1: Shared object "libkrb.so.3" not found
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</pre>
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<p>This can be safely ignored.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td><br></td></tr>
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<!-- Q9 -->
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<tr>
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<td width="10">
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<b><a name="q9"> 9.</a></b></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
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<b>Why is GNOME so huge, slow and basically useless?</b>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<!-- A9 -->
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<tr>
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<td width="10"><br></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
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<p>Well, it depends on the point of view. Of course both GNOME
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and KDE are still far from perfection or even completeness and
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could hardly be compared to commercial offerings in terms of
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user-friendliness. But at the same time it is a huge step in the
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right direction. It should also be noted, that both GNOME and
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KDE are still very young and the situation is likely to improve as
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they mature (does anybody remember what sort of crap
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Windows 3.11 was?).</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td><br></td></tr>
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<!-- Q10 -->
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<tr>
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<td width="10">
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<b><a name="q10"> 10.</a></b></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
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<b>Does GNOME support anti-aliased fonts?</b>
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</td>
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</tr>
|
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<!-- A10 -->
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<tr>
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<td width="10"><br></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
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<p>Yes! There are two things you'll need to accomplish this,
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however. First, you'll need to be running XFree86 4.0 or
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higher (4.1 or higher is recommended). Then, you'll need
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the <tt>x11/gdkxft</tt> port. That's it! You don't need
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to recompile any of your GNOME applications.</p>
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<p>If you run into problems, have a look at the
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<a href="http://gdkxft.sourceforge.net/">gdkxft website</a>
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or send email to <a href="mailto:&email;@FreeBSD.org">
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&email;@FreeBSD.org</a>.</p>
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<p>If you have any questions, please send them to
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<a href="mailto:&email;@FreeBSD.org">&email;@FreeBSD.org</a>.
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td><br></td></tr>
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<!-- Q11 -->
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<tr>
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<td width="10">
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<b><a name="q11"> 11.</a></b></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
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<b>How do I enable Java support in the Mozilla or Galeon web browser?</b>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<!-- A11 -->
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<tr>
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<td width="10"><br></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
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<p>To enable Java support in the Mozilla web browser you need to
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install the Java Development Kit available from the <tt>java/jdk13
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</tt>port (version 1.3.1p6 or later is required) and restart the
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browser. Please note that if the version of the Mozilla package
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installed on your computer is less than 0.9.8_2,1 then you also need
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to use the following command to create the symbolic link required for
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the Java plugin to work:</p>
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<pre>
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# ln -sf /usr/local/jdk1.3.1/jre/plugin/i386/ns600/libjavaplugin_oji.so \
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/usr/X11R6/lib/mozilla/plugins/libjavaplugin_oji.so
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</pre>
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<p>You can verify that the Mozilla has picked the Java plugin by
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selecting <i>About Plug-ins</i> from the <i>Help</i> menu after
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restarting Mozilla. You should see
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/usr/local/jdk1.3.1/jre/plugin/i386/ns600/libjavaplugin_oji.so
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in the list of available plugins, indicating that Java
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support is enabled.</p>
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<p>If you built Galeon against the full version of Mozilla, then
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the Java plugin will also work for it. Just make sure that
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<i>Allow Java</i> in the <i>Settings</i> menu is checked.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td><br></td></tr>
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</table>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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&footer;
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</body>
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</html>
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