195 lines
6.3 KiB
Text
195 lines
6.3 KiB
Text
<!-- $Id: slipc.sgml,v 1.12 1997-08-25 08:54:23 max Exp $ -->
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<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
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<sect><heading>Setting up a SLIP Client<label id="slipc"></heading>
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<p><em>Contributed by &a.asami;<newline>8 Aug 1995.</em>
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The following is one way to set up a FreeBSD machine for SLIP on a
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static host network. For dynamic hostname assignments (i.e., your
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address changes each time you dial up), you probably need to do
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something much fancier.
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<!--
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This is just "what I did, and it worked for me". I am sharing this
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just for your reference, I am no expert in SLIP nor networking so your
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mileage may vary.
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-->
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First, determine which serial port your modem is connected to. I have
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a symbolic link <tt>/dev/modem -> cuaa1</tt>, and only use the modem name in my
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configuration files. It can become quite cumbersome when you need to
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fix a bunch of files in <tt>/etc</tt> and <tt>.kermrc</tt>'s all over the system! (Note
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that <tt>/dev/cuaa0</tt> is COM1, <tt>cuaa1</tt> is COM2, etc.)
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Make sure you have
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<verb>
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pseudo-device sl 1
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</verb>
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in your kernel's config file. It is included in the GENERIC kernel,
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so this will not be a problem unless you deleted it.
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<sect1><heading>Things you have to do only once</heading>
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<p><enum>
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<item>Add your home machine, the gateway and nameservers to your
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<tt>/etc/hosts</tt> file. Mine looks like this:
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<verb>
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127.0.0.1 localhost loghost
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136.152.64.181 silvia.HIP.Berkeley.EDU silvia.HIP silvia
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136.152.64.1 inr-3.Berkeley.EDU inr-3 slip-gateway
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128.32.136.9 ns1.Berkeley.edu ns1
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128.32.136.12 ns2.Berkeley.edu ns2
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</verb>
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By the way, silvia is the name of the car that I had when I was
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back in Japan (it is called 2?0SX here in U.S.).
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<item>Make sure you have "hosts" before "bind" in your <tt>/etc/host.conf</tt>.
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Otherwise, funny things may happen.
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<item>Edit the file <tt>/etc/rc.conf</tt>. Note that you should edit
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the file <tt>/etc/sysconfig</tt> instead if you are running FreeBSD
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previous to version 2.2.2.
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<enum>
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<item>Set your hostname by editing the line that says:
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<verb>
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hostname=myname.my.domain
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</verb>
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You should give it your full Internet hostname.
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<item>Add sl0 to the list of network interfaces by changing the line
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that says:
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<verb>
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network_interfaces="lo0"
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</verb>
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to:
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<verb>
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network_interfaces="lo0 sl0"
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</verb>
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<item>Set the startup flags of sl0 by adding a line:
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<verb>
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ifconfig_sl0="inet ${hostname} slip-gateway netmask 0xffffff00 up"
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</verb>
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<item>Designate the default router by changing the line:
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<verb>
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defaultrouter=NO
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</verb>
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to:
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<verb>
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defaultrouter=slip-gateway
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</verb>
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</enum>
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<item>Make a file <tt>/etc/resolv.conf</tt> which contains:
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<verb>
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domain HIP.Berkeley.EDU
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nameserver 128.32.136.9
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nameserver 128.32.136.12
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</verb>
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As you can see, these set up the nameserver hosts. Of course, the
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actual domain names and addresses depend on your environment.
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<item>Set the password for root and toor (and any other accounts that
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does not have a password). Use passwd, do not edit the <tt>/etc/passwd</tt>
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or <tt>/etc/master.passwd</tt> files!
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<item>Reboot your machine and make sure it comes up with the correct
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hostname.
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</enum>
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<sect1><heading>Making a SLIP connection</heading>
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<p><enum>
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<item>Dial up, type "slip" at the prompt, enter your machine name and
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password. The things you need to enter depends on your
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environment. I use kermit, with a script like this:
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<verb>
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# kermit setup
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set modem hayes
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set line /dev/modem
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set speed 115200
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set parity none
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set flow rts/cts
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set terminal bytesize 8
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set file type binary
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# The next macro will dial up and login
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define slip dial 643-9600, input 10 =>, if failure stop, -
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output slip\x0d, input 10 Username:, if failure stop, -
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output silvia\x0d, input 10 Password:, if failure stop, -
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output ***\x0d, echo \x0aCONNECTED\x0a
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</verb>
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(of course, you have to change the hostname and password to fit
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yours). Then you can just type "slip" from the kermit prompt to
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get connected.
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<bf>Note</bf>: leaving your password in plain text anywhere in the
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filesystem is generally a BAD idea. Do it at your own risk. I am
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just too lazy.
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<item>Leave the kermit there (you can suspend it by "z") and as root,
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type
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<verb>
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slattach -h -c -s 115200 /dev/modem
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</verb>
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if you are able to "ping" hosts on the other side of the router,
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you are connected! If it does not work, you might want to try "-a"
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instead of "-c" as an argument to slattach.
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</enum>
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<sect1><heading>How to shutdown the connection</heading>
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<p>Type "kill -INT `cat /var/run/slattach.modem.pid`" (as root) to
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kill slattach. Then go back to kermit ("fg" if you suspended it)
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and exit from it ("q").
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The slattach man page says you have to use "ifconfig sl0 down" to
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mark the interface down, but this does not seem to make any
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difference for me. ("ifconfig sl0" reports the same thing.)
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Some times, your modem might refuse to drop the carrier (mine
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often does). In that case, simply start kermit and quit it again.
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It usually goes out on the second try.
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<sect1><heading>Troubleshooting</heading>
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<p>If it does not work, feel free to ask me. The things that people
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tripped over so far:
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<itemize>
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<item>Not using "-c" or "-a" in slattach (I have no idea why this can be
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fatal, but adding this flag solved the problem for at least one
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person)
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<item>Using "s10" instead of "sl0" (might be hard to see the difference on
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some fonts).
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<item>Try "ifconfig sl0" to see your interface status. I get:
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<verb>
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silvia# ifconfig sl0
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sl0: flags=10<POINTOPOINT>
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inet 136.152.64.181 --> 136.152.64.1 netmask ffffff00
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</verb>
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<item>Also, <tt>netstat -r</tt> will give the routing table, in case you get
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the "no route to host" messages from ping. Mine looks like:
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<verb>
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silvia# netstat -r
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Routing tables
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Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use IfaceMTU Rtt
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Netmasks:
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(root node)
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(root node)
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Route Tree for Protocol Family inet:
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(root node) =>
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default inr-3.Berkeley.EDU UG 8 224515 sl0 - -
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localhost.Berkel localhost.Berkeley UH 5 42127 lo0 - 0.438
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inr-3.Berkeley.E silvia.HIP.Berkele UH 1 0 sl0 - -
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silvia.HIP.Berke localhost.Berkeley UGH 34 47641234 lo0 - 0.438
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(root node)
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</verb>
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(this is after transferring a bunch of files, your numbers should be
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smaller).
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</itemize>
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