doc/en/gnome/docs/faq2.sgml
2003-02-09 08:54:40 +00:00

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<!ENTITY date "$FreeBSD: www/en/gnome/docs/faq2.sgml,v 1.23 2003/02/08 08:09:02 marcus Exp $">
<!ENTITY title "FreeBSD GNOME Project: GNOME 2.2 FAQ">
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<h2>Contents</h2>
<ol>
<li> <a href="#q1">How do I get GNOME 2.2 for FreeBSD?</a>
<li> <a href="#q2">GNOME 2.2 is failing to build from ports. What
do I do?</a>
<li> <a href="#q3">I installed GNOME 2.2, but I am missing
application foo. What gives?</a>
<li> <a href="#q4">What is the best way to upgrade from GNOME
1.4 to GNOME 2?</a>
<li> <a href="#q5">How do I keep my GNOME 2.2 components
and applications up-to-date?</a>
<li> <a href="#q6">Can I install GNOME 1.4 applications under
GNOME 2.2 and vice versa?</a>
<li> <a href="#q7">Where can I get more themes for GNOME 2.2?</a>
<li> <a href="#q8">What window managers work well with GNOME 2.2?
</a>
<li> <a href="#q9">Does GNOME 2.2 support anti-aliased fonts?</a>
<li> <a href="#q10">How can I control what fonts are anti-aliased?
</a>
<li> <a href="#q11">How do I edit my GNOME 2 menus?</a>
<li> <a href="#q12">How do I use GTK+ 2 resource settings for
GTK+ 2 applications when not in a GNOME environment?</a>
<li> <a href="#q13">How do I configure settings for GNOME 1.4
applications under GNOME 2.2?</a>
</ol>
<h2>Full Text </h2>
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2">
<!-- Q1 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q1"> 1.</a></b>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>How do I get GNOME 2.2 for FreeBSD?</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<!-- A1 -->
<td width="10"> <br> </td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p>There are two ways to install GNOME 2.2 on FreeBSD. One way is to use
<a href="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/packages-using.html">
packages</a>, and the other way is to use
<a href="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ports-using.html">
ports</a>. Before doing either installation, you should
first familiarize yourself with the GNOME 2.2
<a href="http://www.gnome.org/start/2.2/notes/">
release notes</a>.</p>
<p>To install GNOME 2.2 from packages, use the command:</p>
<tt># pkg_add -r gnome2</tt>
<p>This will download the latest GNOME 2.2 packages from the
FreeBSD FTP site, and proceed to install them on your system.
</p>
<p>To build and install GNOME 2.2 from ports, you should first
<a href="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/cvsup.html">
cvsup</a> the latest ports tree. Then:</p>
<pre>
# cd /usr/ports/x11/gnome2
# make clean
# make install clean
</pre>
<p>Building from ports is the preferred method for
installing GNOME 2.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><br></td></tr>
<!-- Q2 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q2"> 2.</a></b></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>GNOME 2.2 is failing to build from ports. What do I do?</b>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- A2 -->
<tr>
<td width="10"> <br> </td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p>The majority of GNOME 2.2 compilation problems can be solved
by making sure all the necessary GNOME 2.2 components are
<a href="#q5">up-to-date</a>. You may see compiler errors relating to pthreads
(POSIX threads), such as:</p>
<pre>
undefined reference to 'strerror_r'
</pre>
<p>To fix thread related errors, make sure you have the following
compiled into your kernel:</p>
<pre>
options _KPOSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING
</pre>
<p>And make sure if you are tracking -stable or -current, that you
do <b>not</b> have <tt>NOLIBC_R</tt> set in
<tt>/etc/make.conf</tt>. If you do, remove it, then rebuild world.
If you still have trouble, please send email to
<a href="mailto:&email;@FreeBSD.org">
&email;@FreeBSD.org</a> with the output of the failed compilation.
It is also helpful to include the config.log from the port's
work directory.</p>
<p>Ports such as <tt>devel/pth</tt> and <tt>devel/ngpt</tt> can
also cause pthread-related problems when compiling GNOME 2.2.
If you do not need these ports installed, it is recommended that
you remove them.
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><br></td></tr>
<!-- Q3 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q3"> 3.</a></b></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>I installed GNOME 2.2, but I am missing application foo.
What gives?</b>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- A3 -->
<tr>
<td width="10"> <br> </td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p>Only the core components, and a few extras, are included in the
<tt>gnome2</tt> package. Since GNOME 2.2 is so new, there
have not been a great deal of applications ported over to it.
As more applications become available, they will be ported
over. In the meantime, you can, however, run
<a href="#q6">GNOME 1.4 applications</a> under GNOME 2.2.</p>
<p>Many applications that have already been ported are included
in the <tt>gnome2-fifth-toe</tt> meta-port.
<tt>gnome2-fifth-toe</tt> includes GNOME 2.2 versions
of some GNOME 1.4 applications. Note, many of these
applications are still in the early development stages,
and may not be very stable.</p>
<p>To install <tt>gnome2-fifth-toe</tt> from packages:</p>
<pre>
# pkg_add -r gnome2-fifth-toe
</pre>
<p>To install <tt>gnome2-fifth-toe</tt> from ports:</p>
<pre>
# cd /usr/ports/x11/gnome2-fifth-toe
# make clean
# make install clean
</pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><br></td></tr>
<!-- Q4 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q4"> 4.</a></b></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>What is the best way to upgrade from GNOME 1.4 to GNOME 2?
</b>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- A4 -->
<tr>
<td width="10"> <br> </td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p>Right now, the GNOME project is still very much in flux.
Work still must be done to the GNOME ports infrastructure in
order to get things working cleanly. However, if you have
GNOME 1.4, and you want to upgrade to GNOME 2.2, first
familiarize yourself with the <a href="http://www.gnome.org/start/2.0/installation.html#upgrading">official</a> upgrade instructions from
the GNOME site. Next, make sure your GNOME 1.4 ports are
up-to-date, then remove the following GNOME 1.4 packages from
the system:</p>
<pre>
gnomecore
sawfish
gnomeapplets
gnomemedia
gtop
libgtop
nautilus
gedit
xalf
bugbuddy
gnomegames
gnomeutils
gdm
eog
ggv
</pre>
<p>After those packages are removed, you can build GNOME 2.2 as per
the instructions listed above.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><br></td></tr>
<!-- Q5 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q5"> 5.</a></b></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>How do I keep my GNOME 2.2 components and applications
up-to-date?</b>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- A5 -->
<tr>
<td width="10"> <br> </td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p>I find that <tt>/usr/ports/sysutils/portupgrade</tt> works really
well. For example:</p>
<tt># portupgrade -r pkgconfig</tt>
<p>This will upgrade pkgconfig and every other port that depends
on it (that needs updating).</p>
<p>However, sometimes so much changes that it becomes
necessary to do a little housekeeping first. In that case, this
usually works:</p>
<pre>
# pkg_delete -rf pkgconfig\*
# cd /usr/ports/x11/gnome2
# make clean
# make install clean
</pre>
<p>These steps will remove <b>all</b> the GNOME 1 and 2 components
and applications from your machine, but only reinstalls the
GNOME 2 desktop. You should be aware, that if it comes to
this, you will need to reinstall your applications after
reinstalling the desktop. Fortunately, this extreme measure
is only rarely needed.
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><br></td></tr>
<!-- Q6 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q6"> 6.</a></b></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>Can I install GNOME 1.4 applications under GNOME 2.2 and vice
versa?</b>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- A6 -->
<tr>
<td width="10"> <br> </td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p>Sure! Right now, the FreeBSD GNOME team is in the process of
migrating all GNOME 1.4 ports to a new build infrastructure.
This new infrastructure, called <b>GNOMENG</b>, will allow
GNOME 2 users to install GNOME 1.4 ports without overwriting
their GNOME 2 desktop.</p>
<p>Before building a GNOME 1.4 port under GNOME 2, take a
look at the port's Makefile, and check that it contains:</p>
<pre>
USE_GNOMENG= yes
</pre>
<p>If it does, you can safely build this port under GNOME 2.
If the Makefile contains the following, do not build it
as it will overwrite your GNOME 2 desktop:</p>
<pre>
USE_GNOME= yes
</pre>
<p>In that case, send email to
<a href="mailto:&email;@FreeBSD.org">&email;@FreeBSD.org</a>
mentioning the name of the port, and we will convert it to the
new layout. Alternatively, you are free to convert the port
yourself, and submit a PR.</p>
<p><b>NOTE!</b> You <b>must</b> have a current
<tt>/usr/ports/Mk</tt> directory in order to make use
of the new GNOMENG framework. If you do not have a current
Mk directory, you will still overwrite your GNOME 2 desktop
even when USE_GNOMENG is defined. To update your Mk directory,
make sure your ports supfile is set to retrieve the
<b>ports-base</b> tag. This is done automatically if your
supfile contains the <b>ports-all</b> tag.
</p>
<p>To run GNOME 2.2 applications under GNOME 1.4, you will need
to make sure your GNOME 1.4 components are up-to-date, then
install the <tt>gnome2-devel</tt> port. To install this port
do the following:</p>
<pre>
# cd /usr/ports/devel/gnome2-devel
# make clean
# make install
</pre>
<p>After installing the <tt>gnome2-devel</tt> port, you will
be able to install <b>non-desktop</b> GNOME 2.2 applications
(e.g. <tt>math/gcalctool</tt>).</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><br></td></tr>
<!-- Q7 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q7"> 7.</a></b></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>Where can I get more themes for GNOME 2.2?</b>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- A7 -->
<tr>
<td width="10"> <br> </td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p>The website <a href="http://art.gnome.org">
art.gnome.org</a> has been setup as a general GNOME theme
repository. They offer some gtk+-2, metacity, sawfish,
nautilus, icon, and gdm themes, as well as some backgrounds.</p>
<p>A new theme site called <a href="http://www.themedepot.org">
The Theme Depot</a> has just been launched. This site contains
themes for GNOME 2 as well as KDE and quite a few window
managers.
</p>
<p>A good site for some cool GNOME icons (some stock, some new)
is jimmac's <a href="http://jimmac.musichall.cz/ikony.php3">
Icons</a> site.</p>
<p>See the instructions on the website for installing the themes.
If you feel inclined to port a few of them, you will not be
turned away ;-).</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><br></td></tr>
<!-- Q8 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q8"> 8.</a></b></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>What window managers work well with GNOME 2.2?</b>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- A8 -->
<tr>
<td width="10"> <br> </td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p>The <tt>gnome2</tt> meta-port installs the
metacity window manager by default. Another popular window
manager that works well with GNOME 2.2 is
<a href="http://sawmill.sourceforge.net/">sawfish</a>. Sawfish
is distributed as part of the <tt>x11/gnome2-fifth-toe</tt>
meta-port.
<p>To switch between metacity and sawfish in GNOME 2, you will need
to do the following:</p>
<pre>
killall metacity; sawfish &
gnome-session-save --gui
</pre>
<p>The <tt>gnome-session-save</tt> is important. Without it, the
window manager will revert back to the one previously configured
upon next login. To switch back, simply reverse sawfish and
metacity.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><br></td></tr>
<!-- Q9 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q9"> 9.</a></b></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>Does GNOME 2.2 support anti-aliased fonts?</b>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- A9 -->
<tr>
<td width="10"><br></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p>Yes! Anti-aliasing requires XFree86 4.x with
freetype2 support. To add freetype2 support to X, make
sure you have the following modules loaded in your
XF86Config file under the Modules section:</p>
<pre>
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
</pre>
<p>Then, simply checkout the Fonts capplet under
Applications->Desktop Preferences. If you want a good set
of TrueType starter fonts, install the
<tt>x11-fonts/webfonts</tt> port.</p>
<p>If you have any questions, please send them to
<a href="mailto:&email;@FreeBSD.org">&email;@FreeBSD.org</a>.
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><br></td></tr>
<!-- Q10 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q10"> 10.</a></b></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>How can I control what fonts are anti-aliased?</b>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- A10 -->
<tr>
<td width="10"><br></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p>GNOME 2.2 makes use of Xft2 and fontconfig to handle
anti-aliasing. Fontconfig is a very powerful XML-based
font configuration package. You can create a
<tt>~/.fonts.conf</tt> file that controls virtually
every aspect of fontconfig. For example, if you do not
want to anti-alias fonts smaller than 16 point, create
a <tt>~/.fonts.conf</tt> with the following contents:</p>
<pre>
&lt;?xml version="1.0"?&gt;
&lt;!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd"&gt;
&lt;fontconfig&gt;
&lt;match target="font"&gt;
&lt;test name="size" compare="less_eq"&gt;
&lt;double&gt;16&lt;/double&gt;
&lt;/test&gt;
&lt;edit name="antialias" mode="assign"&gt;
&lt;bool&gt;false&lt;/bool&gt;
&lt;/edit&gt;
&lt;/match&gt;
&lt;/fontconfig&gt;
</pre>
<p>Refer to fontconfig(3) for more information.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><br></td></tr>
<!-- Q11 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q11"> 11.</a></b></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>How do I edit my GNOME 2 menus?</b>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- A11 -->
<tr>
<td width="10"><br></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p>You need to use Nautilus to edit your GNOME 2 menus. If you
want to edit any menu other than Favorites, you must be
root. This feature requires GNOME 2.0.2 or later.</p>
<p>To edit the menus, launch Nautilus, and enter the URL
<b>applications:///</b>. From there you should be able to edit
your entire application menu.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><br></td></tr>
<!-- Q12 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q12"> 12.</a></b></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>How do I use GTK+ 2 resource settings for GTK+ 2 applications
when not in a GNOME environment?</b>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- A12 -->
<tr>
<td width="10"><br></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p> GNOME 2 applications get their GTK+ 2 resources from themes and
the corresponding theme engine. If you would rather run your
GTK+ 2 applications in a non-GNOME environment then you will
need to create a file named <tt>~/.gtkrc-2.0</tt>. For the
most part, you can transfer your settings from your
<tt>~/.gtkrc</tt> (used for GTK+ 1.2) file with a couple
of caveats.</p>
<ol>
<li> If you have any theme engine references, you will have
to make sure there is a corresponding GTK+ 2 theme engine.
Otherwise, remove the engine entries.</li>
<li> The default font specification should be outside of
any <tt>style</tt> blocks and should be specified with
the <tt>gtk-font-name</tt> keyword. For example:
<pre>gtk-font-name = "Verdana 11"</pre>
</li>
</ol>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><br></td></tr>
<!-- Q13 -->
<tr>
<td width="10">
<b><a name="q13"> 13.</a></b></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<b>How do I configure settings for GNOME 1.4 applications under
GNOME 2.2?</b>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- A13 -->
<tr>
<td width="10"><br></td>
<td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3">
<p>Install <tt>sysutils/gnomecontrolcenter</tt>, then invoke
<tt>gnomecc</tt> from the command line to bring up the GNOME
1.4 control center. Note, as of Evolution-1.2.0_3 and
gnomepilot-0.1.69_1, <tt>gnomecontrolcenter</tt> is installed
automatically since it is required to configure Palm Pilot
conduits.</p>
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