231 lines
6.8 KiB
Text
231 lines
6.8 KiB
Text
<!--
|
|
The FreeBSD Documentation Project
|
|
|
|
$FreeBSD$
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
<chapter id="introduction">
|
|
<chapterinfo>
|
|
<authorgroup>
|
|
<author>
|
|
<firstname>Murray</firstname>
|
|
<surname>Stokely</surname>
|
|
<contrib>Contributed by </contrib>
|
|
</author>
|
|
<author>
|
|
<firstname>Jeroen</firstname>
|
|
<surname>Ruigrok van der Werven</surname>
|
|
</author>
|
|
</authorgroup>
|
|
</chapterinfo>
|
|
<title>Introduction</title>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="introduction-devel">
|
|
<title>Developing on FreeBSD</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>So here we are. System all installed and you are ready to
|
|
start programming. But where to start? What does FreeBSD
|
|
provide? What can it do for me, as a programmer?</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>These are some questions which this chapter tries to answer.
|
|
Of course, programming has different levels of proficiency like
|
|
any other trade. For some it is a hobby, for others it is their
|
|
profession. The information in this chapter might be aimed
|
|
toward the beginning programmer; indeed, it could serve useful
|
|
for the programmer unfamiliar with the &os; platform.</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="introduction-bsdvision">
|
|
<title>The BSD Vision</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>To produce the best &unix; like operating system package
|
|
possible, with due respect to the original software tools
|
|
ideology as well as usability, performance and
|
|
stability.</para>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="introduction-archguide">
|
|
<title>Architectural Guidelines</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Our ideology can be described by the following
|
|
guidelines</para>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Do not add new functionality unless an
|
|
implementor cannot complete a real application without
|
|
it.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>It is as important to decide what a system is
|
|
not as to decide what it is. Do not serve all the world's
|
|
needs; rather, make the system extensible so that additional
|
|
needs can be met in an upwardly compatible
|
|
fashion.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>The only thing worse than generalizing from one
|
|
example is generalizing from no examples at
|
|
all. </para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>If a problem is not completely understood, it is
|
|
probably best to provide no solution at all.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>If you can get 90 percent of the desired effect
|
|
for 10 percent of the work, use the simpler
|
|
solution.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Isolate complexity as much as
|
|
possible.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Provide mechanism, rather than policy. In
|
|
particular, place user interface policy in the client's
|
|
hands.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>From Scheifler & Gettys: "X Window System"</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="introduction-layout">
|
|
<title>The Layout of
|
|
<filename class="directory">/usr/src</filename></title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The complete source code to FreeBSD is available from our
|
|
public repository. The source code is normally installed in
|
|
<filename class="directory">/usr/src</filename> which contains the
|
|
following subdirectories:</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
<informaltable frame="none" pgwide="1">
|
|
<tgroup cols="2">
|
|
<thead>
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>Directory</entry>
|
|
<entry>Description</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><filename class="directory">bin/</filename></entry>
|
|
<entry>Source for files in
|
|
<filename>/bin</filename></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><filename class="directory">cddl/</filename></entry>
|
|
<entry>Utilities covered by the Common Development and
|
|
Distribution License</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><filename class="directory">contrib/</filename></entry>
|
|
<entry>Source for files from contributed software.</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><filename class="directory">crypto/</filename></entry>
|
|
<entry>Cryptographical sources</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><filename class="directory">etc/</filename></entry>
|
|
<entry>Source for files in <filename
|
|
class="directory">/etc</filename></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><filename class="directory">games/</filename></entry>
|
|
<entry>Source for files in <filename
|
|
class="directory">/usr/games</filename></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><filename class="directory">gnu/</filename></entry>
|
|
<entry>Utilities covered by the GNU Public License</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><filename class="directory">include/</filename></entry>
|
|
<entry>Source for files in <filename
|
|
class="directory">/usr/include</filename></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><filename
|
|
class="directory">kerberos5/</filename></entry>
|
|
<entry>Source for Kerberos version 5</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><filename class="directory">lib/</filename></entry>
|
|
<entry>Source for files in <filename
|
|
class="directory">/usr/lib</filename></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><filename class="directory">libexec/</filename></entry>
|
|
<entry>Source for files in <filename
|
|
class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><filename
|
|
class="directory">release/</filename></entry>
|
|
<entry>Files required to produce a FreeBSD release</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><filename class="directory">rescue/</filename></entry>
|
|
<entry>Build system for the
|
|
<filename class="directory">/rescue</filename> utilities</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><filename class="directory">sbin/</filename></entry>
|
|
<entry>Source for files in <filename
|
|
class="directory">/sbin</filename></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><filename class="directory">secure/</filename></entry>
|
|
<entry>FreeSec sources</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><filename class="directory">share/</filename></entry>
|
|
<entry>Source for files in <filename
|
|
class="directory">/usr/share</filename></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><filename class="directory">sys/</filename></entry>
|
|
<entry>Kernel source files</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><filename class="directory">tools/</filename></entry>
|
|
<entry>Tools used for maintenance and testing of
|
|
FreeBSD</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><filename
|
|
class="directory">usr.bin/</filename></entry>
|
|
<entry>Source for files in <filename
|
|
class="directory">/usr/bin</filename></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><filename
|
|
class="directory">usr.sbin/</filename></entry>
|
|
<entry>Source for files in <filename
|
|
class="directory">/usr/sbin</filename></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</tgroup>
|
|
</informaltable>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
</chapter>
|