doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/articles/releng/article.xml
Taras Korenko e5712d4822 + ru/articles & ru/books/handbook: restore <replaceable> tags, which
were lost during conversion to the DocBook5.

P.S.: special thanks to wblock@ for his script [1], which made this
  task much easier.

1. http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-doc/2014-March/023463.html
2014-06-13 14:53:24 +00:00

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="koi8-r"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook XML V5.0-Based Extension//EN"
"http://www.FreeBSD.org/XML/share/xml/freebsd50.dtd" [
<!ENTITY art.re.pkgs '<link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xlink:href="{{{url.articles.releng-packages}}}/article.html">The Release Engineering of Third Party Packages</link>'>
]>
<!--
The FreeBSD Russian Documentation Project
$FreeBSDru: frdp/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/articles/releng/article.xml,v 1.15 2006/03/22 16:48:41 marck Exp $
Original revision: r39632
-->
<article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0" xml:lang="ru">
<info><title>ðÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÁ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× &os;</title>
<confgroup>
<confdates>îÏÑÂÒØ 2001</confdates>
<conftitle>BSDCon Europe</conftitle>
</confgroup>
<authorgroup>
<author><personname><firstname>Murray</firstname><surname>Stokely</surname></personname><personblurb>
<para>ñ ÕÞÁÓÔ×Ï×ÁÌ × ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔËÅ ÐÒÏÄÕËÔÏ× ÎÁ ÏÓÎÏ×Å &os; Ó
1997 ÇÏÄÁ × ËÏÍÐÁÎÉÑÈ Walnut Creek CDROM, BSDi, Á ÔÅÐÅÒØ Wind River
Systems. &os;&nbsp;4.4 ÂÙÌÁ ÐÅÒ×ÙÍ ÏÆÉÃÉÁÌØÎÙÍ ÒÅÌÉÚÏÍ &os;, ×
×ÙÐÕÓËÅ ËÏÔÏÒÏÇÏ Ñ ÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÌ ÚÎÁÞÉÔÅÌØÎÏÅ ÕÞÁÓÔÉÅ.</para>
</personblurb><affiliation>
<address>
<email>murray@FreeBSD.org</email>
<otheraddr xlink:href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/~murray/">http://www.FreeBSD.org/~murray/</otheraddr>
</address>
</affiliation></author>
</authorgroup>
<legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
&tm-attrib.freebsd;
&tm-attrib.cvsup;
&tm-attrib.intel;
&tm-attrib.general;
</legalnotice>
<pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
<releaseinfo>$FreeBSD$</releaseinfo>
<abstract>
<para>÷ ÜÔÏÊ ÓÔÁÔØÅ ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ÐÏÄÈÏÄ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÇÒÕÐÐÏÊ
ÐÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÉ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× &os; ÄÌÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ËÁÞÅÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÈ ×ÅÒÓÉÊ
ïÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÊ óÉÓÔÅÍÙ &os;. ÷ ÎÅÊ ÄÅÔÁÌØÎÏ ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ÍÅÔÏÄÏÌÏÇÉÑ,
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÁÑ ÄÌÑ ÏÆÉÃÉÁÌØÎÙÈ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× &os; É ÒÁÓÓËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ÏÂ
ÉÎÓÔÒÕÍÅÎÔÁÈ, ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙÈ ÔÅÍ, ËÔÏ ÉÎÔÅÒÅÓÕÅÔÓÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÅÍ
ÍÏÄÉÆÉÃÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× &os; ÄÌÑ ÔÉÒÁÖÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ×ÎÕÔÒÉ ÏÒÇÁÎÉÚÁÃÉÉ
ÉÌÉ × ËÏÍÍÅÒÞÅÓËÉÈ ÃÅÌÑÈ.</para>
</abstract>
</info>
<!-- ÷×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ -->
<sect1 xml:id="introduction">
<title>÷×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ</title>
<para>òÁÚÒÁÂÏÔËÁ &os; ÐÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÓÏÂÏÊ ×ÅÓØÍÁ ÏÔËÒÙÔÙÊ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ.
&os; ÓÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ × ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔÅ ÏÂÝÉÈ ÕÓÉÌÉÊ ÔÙÓÑÞ ÌÀÄÅÊ ÐÏ ×ÓÅÍÕ ÍÉÒÕ.
ðÒÏÅËÔ &os; ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÁÎÏÎÉÍÎÙÊ ÐÕÂÌÉÞÎÙÊ ÄÏÓÔÕÐ ÐÏ ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌÕ
<acronym>CVS</acronym>[1], ÔÁË ÞÔÏ ÌÀÂÏÊ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ÄÏÓÔÕÐ Ë ÖÕÒÎÁÌÕ
ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ, ÒÁÚÎÉÃÁÍ (ÐÁÔÞÁÍ) ÍÅÖÄÕ ×ÅÔËÁÍÉ ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔËÉ É ÄÒÕÇÉÍ
ÐÒÏÄ×ÉÎÕÔÙÍ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÑÍ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÄÁ£Ô ÓÔÒÏÇÏÅ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÍ ËÏÄÏÍ.
üÔÏ ÓÉÌØÎÏ ÐÏÍÏÇÁÅÔ × ÐÒÉ×ÌÅÞÅÎÉÉ Ë &os; ×Ó£ ÂÏÌØÛÅÇÏ ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×Á
ÔÁÌÁÎÔÌÉ×ÙÈ ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÞÉËÏ×. ïÄÎÁËÏ, É Ñ ÄÕÍÁÀ, ÞÔÏ ×ÓÅ ÓÏ ÍÎÏÊ
ÓÏÇÌÁÓÑÔÓÑ, ÎÁÓÔÕÐÉÔ ÈÁÏÓ, ÅÓÌÉ ÄÏÓÔÕÐ ÐÏ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÏÔËÒÙÔ ×ÓÅÍ ×
Internet. ðÏÜÔÏÍÕ ÔÏÌØËÏ <quote>ÉÚÂÒÁÎÎÁÑ</quote> ÇÒÕÐÐÁ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ ÉÚ
300 ÞÅÌÏ×ÅË ÉÍÅÅÔ ÄÏÓÔÕÐ ÐÏ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ × <acronym>CVS</acronym>-ÈÒÁÎÉÌÉÝÅ.
üÔÉ <emphasis>ËÏÍÍÉÔÔÅÒÙ[5]</emphasis> ÏÔ×ÅÞÁÀÔ × ÃÅÌÏÍ ÚÁ ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔËÕ
&os;. ÷ÙÂÉÒÁÅÍÁÑ ÉÚ ÓÁÍÙÈ ÚÁÓÌÕÖÅÎÎÙÈ ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÞÉËÏ× <emphasis>ÇÒÕÐÐÁ
ÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ[6]</emphasis> ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÉ×ÁÅÔ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÕÒÏ×ÅÎØ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ
ÐÒÏÅËÔÏÍ.</para>
<para>ôÅÍÐ ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÏË, ×ÅÄÕÝÉÈÓÑ ×Ï <systemitem>&os;</systemitem>, ÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÍÁÌÏ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÉ ÎÁ ÔÝÁÔÅÌØÎÕÀ
ÄÏ×ÏÄËÕ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÄÏ ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Á ÐÒÏÄÕËÔÉ×ÎÏÇÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ. äÌÑ ÒÅÛÅÎÉÑ ÜÔÏÊ
ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔËÁ ×ÅÄ£ÔÓÑ × Ä×Á ÐÁÒÁÌÌÅÌØÎÙÈ ÐÏÔÏËÁ. ïÓÎÏ×ÎÏÊ ×ÅÔËÏÊ
ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔËÉ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ <emphasis>HEAD</emphasis>, ÏÎÁ ÖÅ <emphasis>ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÁÑ
ÌÉÎÉÑ</emphasis> ÎÁÛÅÇÏ ÄÅÒÅ×Á CVS, ÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÁÑ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÄ ÉÍÅÎÅÍ
<quote>&os;-CURRENT</quote> ÉÌÉ, ÄÌÑ ËÒÁÔËÏÓÔÉ,
<quote>-CURRENT</quote>.</para>
<para>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ É ÂÏÌÅÅ ÓÔÁÂÉÌØÎÁÑ ×ÅÔËÁ, ÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÁÑ ËÁË
<quote>&os;-STABLE</quote> ÉÌÉ, ÄÌÑ ËÒÁÔËÏÓÔÉ, <quote>-STABLE</quote>.
ïÂÅ ×ÅÔËÉ ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ × ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÍ CVS-ÈÒÁÎÉÌÉÝÅ × ëÁÌÉÆÏÒÎÉÉ É ÒÅÐÌÉÃÉÒÕÀÔÓÑ
ÐÒÉ ÐÏÍÏÝÉ <application>CVSup</application>[2] ÎÁ
ÚÅÒËÁÌÁ ÐÏ ×ÓÅÍÕ ÍÉÒÕ. &os;-CURRENT[7] Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ <quote>ÐÅÒÅÄÎÉÍ
ËÒÁÅÍ</quote> ÒÁÂÏÔ ÎÁÄ FreeBSD, ÞÅÒÅÚ ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÐÏÐÁÄÁÀÔ ×ÓÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ×
ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ. &os;-STABLE Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ×ÅÔËÏÊ ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔËÉ, ÉÚ ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ÓÏÚÄÁÀÔÓÑ
ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÅ ÒÅÌÉÚÙ. ÷ ÜÔÕ ×ÅÔËÕ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ÐÏÐÁÄÁÀÔ ÒÁÚÎÙÍÉ ÐÕÔÑÍÉ, É
ÐÒÅÄÐÏÌÁÇÁÅÔÓÑ, ÞÔÏ ÓÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÏÎÉ ÐÏÐÁÌÉ × &os;-CURRENT, ÇÄÅ ÂÙÌÉ
ÔÝÁÔÅÌØÎÏ ÐÒÏÔÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÙ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÓÔ×ÏÍ ÎÁÛÉÈ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ.</para>
<para>÷ ÐÒÏÍÅÖÕÔËÅ ÍÅÖÄÕ ÒÅÌÉÚÁÍÉ ÍÁÛÉÎÁÍÉ ðÒÏÅËÔÁ &os;, ×ÙÄÅÌÅÎÎÙÍÉ ÄÌÑ
ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ, ÅÖÅÍÅÓÑÞÎÏ Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ÓÏÂÉÒÁÀÔÓÑ ÓÎÜÐÛÏÔÙ,
ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙ ÄÌÑ ÚÁËÁÞËÉ ÐÏ ÁÄÒÅÓÕ <systemitem>ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/snapshots/</systemitem>.
ïÂÝÅÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÏÓÔØ
ÓÎÜÐÛÏÔÏ× ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÈ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ×, Á ÔÁËÖÅ ÖÅÌÁÎÉÅ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÓÔ×Á ÎÁÛÉÈ
ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ ÏÔÓÌÅÖÉ×ÁÔØ ÒÁÂÏÔÕ ÎÁÄ -STABLE ÐÒÉ ÐÏÍÏÝÉ CVSup É
<quote><command>make</command> <buildtarget>world</buildtarget></quote>[7]
ÐÏÍÏÇÁÅÔ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÁÔØ ×ÅÓØÍÁ ÈÏÒÏÛÅÅ ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Ï &os;-STABLE, ÄÁÖÅ ÄÏ
×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÑ ÍÅÒÏÐÒÉÑÔÉÊ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÉ ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Á, ÐÒÅÄ×ÁÒÑÀÝÉÈ ×ÙÐÕÓË ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÈ
ÒÅÌÉÚÏ×.</para>
<para>÷ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÅ ×ÙÐÕÓËÁ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÉ ÐÏÓÔÏÑÎÎÏ ÐÒÉÓÙÌÁÀÔ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ
ÏÂ ÏÛÉÂËÁÈ É ÐÏÖÅÌÁÎÉÑ ÐÏ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÀ ÆÕÎËÃÉÏÎÁÌØÎÏÓÔÉ. óÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ Ï
ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁÈ ÐÏÐÁÄÁÀÔ × ÎÁÛÕ ÂÁÚÕ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ <application>GNATS</application>[8] ÐÏ ÜÌÅËÔÒÏÎÎÏÊ ÐÏÞÔÅ, ÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÏÍ
ÕÔÉÌÉÔÙ &man.send-pr.1; ÉÌÉ ÞÅÒÅÚ Web-ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓ, ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙÊ ÐÏ ÁÄÒÅÓÕ
<uri xlink:href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/send-pr.html">http://www.FreeBSD.org/send-pr.html</uri>.</para>
<para>äÌÑ ÕÄÏ×ÌÅÔ×ÏÒÅÎÉÑ ÎÁÛÉÈ ÓÁÍÙÈ ËÏÎÓÅÒ×ÁÔÉ×ÎÏ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅÎÎÙÈ
ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ, ÎÁÞÉÎÁÑ Ó &os;&nbsp;4.3, ÐÏÑ×ÉÌÉÓØ ×ÅÔËÉ ÄÌÑ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÈ
ÒÅÌÉÚÏ×. üÔÉ ×ÅÔËÉ ÓÏÚÄÁÀÔÓÑ ×ÓËÏÒÅ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÔÏÇÏ, ËÁË ×ÙÐÕÓËÁÅÔÓÑ
ÏËÏÎÞÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÒÅÌÉÚ. ðÏÓÌÅ ÅÇÏ ×ÙÈÏÄÁ × ×ÅÔËÕ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ ÐÏÍÅÝÁÀÔÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ
ÓÁÍÙÅ ËÒÉÔÉÞÎÙÅ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ É ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ, ËÁÓÁÀÝÉÅÓÑ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ. ëÒÏÍÅ
ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÊ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÈ ÔÅËÓÔÏ× ÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÏÍ CVS, ÄÌÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ ×ÅÔÏË
<emphasis>RELENG_<replaceable>X</replaceable>_<replaceable>Y</replaceable></emphasis>
ÉÍÅÀÔÓÑ É ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÅ ÎÁÂÏÒÙ ÐÁÔÞÅÊ.</para>
<sect2>
<title>þÔÏ ÏÂÓÕÖÄÁÅÔÓÑ × ÄÁÎÎÏÍ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÅ?</title>
<para>÷ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÈ ÇÌÁ×ÁÈ ÜÔÏÊ ÓÔÁÔØÉ ÏÂÓÕÖÄÁÀÔÓÑ:</para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><xref linkend="release-proc"/></term>
<listitem>
<para>òÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÅ ÜÔÁÐÙ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁ ÐÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÉ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ ×ÐÌÏÔØ ÄÏ
ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÑ ÁËÔÕÁÌØÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><xref linkend="release-build"/></term>
<listitem>
<para>ðÒÏÃÅÓÓ ÓÂÏÒËÉ.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><xref linkend="extensibility"/></term>
<listitem>
<para>ëÁË ÂÁÚÏ×ÙÊ ÒÅÌÉÚ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎ
ÔÒÅÔØÉÍÉ ÓÔÏÒÏÎÁÍÉ.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><xref linkend="lessons-learned"/></term>
<listitem>
<para>îÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÉÚ ÕÒÏËÏ×, ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÎÙÈ ÐÒÉ ×ÙÐÕÓËÅ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ
&os;&nbsp;4.4.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><xref linkend="future"/></term>
<listitem>
<para>îÁÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÂÕÄÕÝÉÈ ÒÁÂÏÔ.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<!-- ðÒÏÃÅÓÓ ×ÙÐÕÓËÁ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ -->
<sect1 xml:id="release-proc">
<title>ðÒÏÃÅÓÓ ×ÙÐÕÓËÁ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ</title>
<para>îÏ×ÙÅ ÒÅÌÉÚÙ &os; ×ÙÐÕÓËÁÀÔÓÑ ÉÚ ×ÅÔËÉ -STABLE Ó ÉÎÔÅÒ×ÁÌÏÍ
ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ × ÞÅÔÙÒÅ ÍÅÓÑÃÁ. ðÒÏÃÅÓÓ ×ÙÐÕÓËÁ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× &os; ÎÁÞÉÎÁÅÔÓÑ ÚÁ
45 ÄÎÅÊ ÄÏ ÐÒÅÄÐÏÌÁÇÁÅÍÏÊ ÄÁÔÙ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ Ó ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏ ÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÊ ÚÁ ÒÅÌÉÚ
ÐÏÓÙÌÁÅÔ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÅ ÐÏ ÜÌÅËÔÒÏÎÎÏÊ ÐÏÞÔÅ × ÁÄÒÅÓ ÓÐÉÓËÏ× ÒÁÓÓÙÌËÉ ÄÌÑ
ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÞÉËÏ×, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÎÁÐÏÍÎÉÔØ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÍ Ï ÎÁÌÉÞÉÉ ×ÓÅÇÏ ÌÉÛØ 15 ÄÎÅÊ ÎÁ
×ÎÅÓÅÎÉÅ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ ÄÏ ÍÏÍÅÎÔÁ ÚÁÍÏÒÏÚËÉ ËÏÄÁ. ÷ ÜÔÏÔ ÐÅÒÉÏÄ ÍÎÏÇÉÅ
ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÞÉËÉ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÀÔ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÑ, ÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÙÅ ËÁË
<quote>MFC-ÐÅÒÅÎÏÓÙ</quote>. <acronym>MFC</acronym> ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ
<quote>Merge From CURRENT</quote> (ÐÅÒÅÎÏÓ ÉÚ CURRENT) É ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔ
ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ ÐÅÒÅÎÏÓÁ ÐÒÏÔÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ ÉÚ ÎÁÛÅÇÏ ÄÅÒÅ×Á ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔËÉ
-CURRENT × ÎÁÛÅ ÄÅÒÅ×Ï -STABLE.</para>
<sect2>
<title>ðÒÏÓÍÏÔÒ ËÏÄÁ</title>
<para>úÁ ÔÒÉÄÃÁÔØ ÄÎÅÊ ÄÏ ÐÒÅÄÐÏÌÁÇÁÅÍÏÇÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ ÈÒÁÎÉÌÉÝÅ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÈ
ÔÅËÓÔÏ× ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ÒÅÖÉÍ <quote>ÓÔÁÂÉÌÉÚÁÃÉÉ ËÏÄÁ</quote>. ÷ ÜÔÏÔ
ÐÅÒÉÏÄ ×ÓÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ × ÄÅÒÅ×Å -STABLE ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÐÏÄÔ×ÅÒÖÄÁÔØÓÑ &a.re;.
÷ ÐÅÒ×ÙÊ 15-ÄÎÅ×ÎÙÊ ÐÅÒÉÏÄ ÒÁÚÒÅÛÅÎÙ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÔÉÐÙ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>éÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÏÛÉÂÏË.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>ïÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>éÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÌÀÂÏÇÏ ÈÁÒÁËÔÅÒÁ, ËÁÓÁÀÝÉÅÓÑ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>îÅÚÎÁÞÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ × ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÁÈ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×, ÔÁËÉÅ, ËÁË,
ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ID ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>ìÀÂÙÅ ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÏÄÏÂÒÑÅÔ ÇÒÕÐÐÁ ÐÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÉ
ÒÅÌÉÚÁ, Ó ÕÞ£ÔÏÍ ÐÏÔÅÎÃÉÁÌØÎÏÇÏ ÒÉÓËÁ.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>ðÏÓÌÅ ÐÅÒ×ÙÈ 15 ÄÎÅÊ ÓÔÁÂÉÌÉÚÁÃÉÉ ËÏÄÁ ×ÙÐÕÓËÁÅÔÓÑ
<emphasis>ÐÒÅÄ×ÁÒÉÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÒÅÌÉÚ</emphasis>, ÐÒÅÄÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÎÙÊ ÄÌÑ ÛÉÒÏËÏÇÏ
ÔÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ, Á ËÏÄ ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ÓÏÓÔÏÑÎÉÅ <quote>ÚÁÍÏÒÏÚËÉ</quote>,
ËÏÇÄÁ ÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔÓÑ ÇÏÒÁÚÄÏ ÔÒÕÄÎÅÅ ÄÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏÓÔØ ×ÎÅÓÅÎÉÑ
ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ, ÅÓÌÉ ÏÎÉ ÎÅ ËÁÓÁÀÔÓÑ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÓÅÒØ£ÚÎÙÈ
ÏÛÉÂÏË ÉÌÉ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÊ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ. ÷Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÚÁÍÏÒÏÚËÉ ËÏÄÁ ËÁÖÄÕÀ
ÎÅÄÅÌÀ ×ÙÐÕÓËÁÅÔÓÑ ÎÅ ÍÅÎÅÅ ÏÄÎÏÊ ÐÒÅÄ×ÁÒÉÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ, ÄÏ ÔÅÈ
ÐÏÒ, ÐÏËÁ ÎÅ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÇÏÔÏ× ÏËÏÎÞÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ×ÁÒÉÁÎÔ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ. ÷ ÄÎÉ,
ÐÒÅÄÛÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ ×ÙÐÕÓËÕ ÏËÏÎÞÁÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ, ÇÒÕÐÐÁ ÅÇÏ ÐÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÉ
ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ × ÐÏÓÔÏÑÎÎÏÍ ËÏÎÔÁËÔÅ ÓÏ ÓÌÕÖÂÏÊ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ É ÌÀÄØÍÉ,
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÝÉÍÉ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ É ÐÏÒÔÙ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÉÔØ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÏÓÔØ ×ÓÅÈ
ËÏÍÐÏÎÅÎÔÏ×, ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÙÈ ÄÌÑ ÕÓÐÅÛÎÏÇÏ ×ÙÐÕÓËÁ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>ëÏÎÔÒÏÌØÎÙÊ ÓÐÉÓÏË ÄÌÑ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÉ ÏËÏÎÞÁÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ</title>
<para>ðÏÓÌÅ ÔÏÇÏ, ËÁË ÄÌÑ ÛÉÒÏËÏÇÏ ÔÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÂÙÌÏ ×ÙÐÕÝÅÎÏ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ
ÐÒÅÄ×ÁÒÉÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× É ×ÓÅ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ ÂÙÌÉ ÒÅÛÅÎÙ, ÍÏÖÅÔ
ÎÁÞÁÔØÓÑ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ <quote>ÛÌÉÆÏ×ËÉ</quote> ÏËÏÎÞÁÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ.</para>
<sect3 xml:id="rel-branch">
<title>óÏÚÄÁÎÉÅ ×ÅÔËÉ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ</title>
<para>ëÁË ÓËÁÚÁÎÏ ×Ï ××ÏÄÎÏÊ ÞÁÓÔÉ, ×ÅÔËÁ
<literal>RELENG_<replaceable>X</replaceable>_<replaceable>Y</replaceable></literal>
Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÓÒÁ×ÎÉÔÅÌØÎÏ ÎÏ×ÙÍ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅÍ × ÎÁÛÅÊ ÍÅÔÏÄÏÌÏÇÉÉ
ÐÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÉ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ×. ðÅÒ×ÙÍ ÛÁÇÏÍ × ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÉ ÜÔÏÊ ×ÅÔËÉ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ
ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÁ ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏ ×Ù ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔÅ Ó ÓÁÍÏÊ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÅÊ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÈ
ÔÅËÓÔÏ× <literal>RELENG_<replaceable>X</replaceable></literal>, ÉÚ
<emphasis>ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ</emphasis> ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ ÎÏ×ÕÀ ×ÅÔËÕ.</para>
<screen>/usr/src&prompt.root; <userinput>cvs update -rRELENG_4 -P -d</userinput></screen>
<para>óÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÍ ÛÁÇÏÍ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÅ <emphasis>ÔÜÇÁ</emphasis> ÔÏÞËÉ
ÏÔ×ÅÔ×ÌÅÎÉÑ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÄÉÆÆÙ ÏÂÌÅÇÞÉÌÉ ÒÁÂÏÔÕ Ó ÎÁÞÁÌÏÍ ×ÅÔËÉ × CVS:</para>
<screen>/usr/src&prompt.root; <userinput>cvs rtag -rRELENG_4 RELENG_4_8_BP src</userinput></screen>
<para>ðÏÓÌÅ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÓÏÚÄÁ£ÔÓÑ ÔÜÇ ÎÏ×ÏÊ ×ÅÔËÉ ÐÏ ËÏÍÁÎÄÅ:</para>
<screen>/usr/src&prompt.root; <userinput>cvs rtag -b -rRELENG_4_8_BP RELENG_4_8 src</userinput></screen>
<note>
<para><emphasis>éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÔÜÇÏ×
<literal>RELENG_<replaceable>*</replaceable></literal> ÒÁÚÒÅÛÅÎÏ
ÔÏÌØËÏ ÍÅÎÅÄÖÅÒÁÍ CVS É ÕÞÁÓÔÎÉËÁÍ ÇÒÕÐÐÙ ÐÏ ×ÙÐÕÓËÕ
ÒÅÌÉÚÏ×.</emphasis></para>
</note>
<sidebar>
<para><quote><emphasis>ôÜÇÏÍ</emphasis></quote> × ÐÏÎÑÔÉÉ CVS
ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÀÔ ÍÅÔËÕ, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÉÄÅÎÔÉÆÉÃÉÒÕÅÔ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÊ ÔÅËÓÔ × ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÊ
ÍÏÍÅÎÔ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÉ. ÷×ÏÄÑ ÔÜÇ × ÄÅÒÅ×Ï, ÍÙ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÉ×ÁÅÍ ÔÏ, ÞÔÏ ×
ÂÕÄÕÝÅÍ ÔÏÔ, ËÔÏ ÓÔÒÏÉÔ ÒÅÌÉÚ, ×ÓÅÇÄÁ ÓÍÏÖÅÔ ×ÏÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÔÅÍ ÖÅ
ÓÁÍÙÍ ËÏÄÏÍ, ÞÔÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÌÓÑ ÎÁÍÉ ÄÌÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ÏÆÉÃÉÁÌØÎÙÈ
ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× ðÒÏÅËÔÁ &os;.</para>
</sidebar>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="branches-head" align="center"/>
</imageobject>
<textobject>
<phrase>÷ÅÔ×É ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔËÉ &os;</phrase>
</textobject>
</mediaobject>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="branches-releng3" align="center"/>
</imageobject>
<textobject>
<phrase>÷ÅÔËÁ &os;&nbsp;3.x STABLE</phrase>
</textobject>
</mediaobject>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="branches-releng4" align="center"/>
</imageobject>
<textobject>
<phrase>÷ÅÔËÁ &os;&nbsp;4.x STABLE</phrase>
</textobject>
</mediaobject>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="branches-releng5" align="center"/>
</imageobject>
<textobject>
<phrase>÷ÅÔËÁ &os;&nbsp;5.x STABLE</phrase>
</textobject>
</mediaobject>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="branches-releng6" align="center"/>
</imageobject>
<textobject>
<phrase>÷ÅÔËÁ &os;&nbsp;6.x STABLE</phrase>
</textobject>
</mediaobject>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="branches-releng7" align="center"/>
</imageobject>
<textobject>
<phrase>÷ÅÔËÁ &os;&nbsp;7.x STABLE</phrase>
</textobject>
</mediaobject>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="branches-releng8" align="center"/>
</imageobject>
<textobject>
<phrase>÷ÅÔËÁ &os;&nbsp;8.x STABLE</phrase>
</textobject>
</mediaobject>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="branches-releng9" align="center"/>
</imageobject>
<textobject>
<phrase>÷ÅÔËÁ &os;&nbsp;9.x STABLE</phrase>
</textobject>
</mediaobject>
</sect3>
<sect3 xml:id="versionbump">
<title>õ×ÅÌÉÞÅÎÉÅ ÎÏÍÅÒÁ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ</title>
<para>ðÅÒÅÄ ÔÅÍ, ËÁË ÏËÏÎÞÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÒÅÌÉÚ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÐÏÍÅÞÅÎ, ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎ É
×ÙÐÕÝÅÎ, ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÍÏÄÉÆÉÃÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ÏÔÒÁÚÉ× × ÎÉÈ
ËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÕÀ ×ÅÒÓÉÀ &os;:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para><filename>doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/books/handbook/mirrors/chapter.xml</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/porters-handbook/book.xml</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>doc/share/xml/freebsd.ent</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>src/Makefile.inc1</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>src/UPDATING</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>src/gnu/usr.bin/groff/tmac/mdoc.local</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>src/release/Makefile</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/share/xml/release.dsl</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>src/release/doc/share/examples/Makefile.relnotesng</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>src/release/doc/share/xml/release.ent</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>src/share/examples/cvsup/standard-supfile</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>src/sys/conf/newvers.sh</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>src/sys/sys/param.h</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>src/usr.sbin/pkg_install/add/main.c</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>www/en/docs/man.xml</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>www/en/cgi/ports.cgi</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>ports/Tools/scripts/release/config</filename></para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>îÏ×ÙÊ ÒÅÌÉÚ ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÂÙÔØ ÔÁËÖÅ ÏÔÒÁÖ£Î × ÆÁÊÌÁÈ ÚÁÍÅÞÁÎÉÊ Ë ÒÅÌÉÚÕ
É ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ Ï ÚÁÍÅÞÅÎÎÙÈ ÏÛÉÂËÁÈ (× ×ÅÔËÅ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ), Á ÆÁÊÌÙ
ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÍ ÏÂÒÁÚÏÍ ÏÂÒÅÚÁÎÙ (× ×ÅÔËÅ stable/current):</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para><filename>src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes/common/new.xml</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/errata/article.xml</filename></para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ <application>sysinstall</application> ÄÏÌÖÎÁ ÂÙÔØ
ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ É ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×Ï ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙÈ ÐÏÒÔÏ× É ÏÂß£Í ÄÉÓËÏ×ÏÇÏ
ÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÓÔ×Á, ÔÒÅÂÕÅÍÏÇÏ ÄÌÑ ëÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ðÏÒÔÏ×[4]. îÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÊ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ ÜÔÁ
ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÈÒÁÎÉÔÓÑ × ÆÁÊÌÅ
<filename>src/usr.sbin/sysinstall/dist.c</filename>.</para>
<para>ðÏÓÌÅ ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÑ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ ÄÌÑ ÏÐÏ×ÅÝÅÎÉÑ ÍÉÒÏ×ÏÇÏ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÓÔ×Á Ï
×ÙÐÕÓËÅ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÏÂÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ.</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para><filename>doc/share/images/articles/releng/branches-releng<replaceable>X</replaceable>.pic</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>www/share/xml/advisories.xml</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>www/share/xml/includes.release.xml</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>www/share/xml/includes.release.xsl</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>www/en/releases/*</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>www/en/releng/index.xml</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>www/en/news/news.xml</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>www/en/search/web.atoz</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree</filename></para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 xml:id="versionbump-major">
<title>ðÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÁ ÎÏ×ÏÊ ÓÔÁÒÛÅÊ ÒÅÌÉÚ ×ÅÔËÉ
(RELENG_<replaceable>X</replaceable>)</title>
<para>ëÏÇÄÁ ÎÏ×ÁÑ ÓÔÁÒÛÁÑ ÒÅÌÉÚ ×ÅÔËÁ, ÔÁËÁÑ ËÁË <literal>RELENG_6</literal>
ÏÔ×ÅÔ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÉÚ HEAD, ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ
ÂÙÔØ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÔÅÍ, ËÁË ÒÅÌÉÚÙ ÂÕÄÕÔ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÙ ÉÚ
ÜÔÏÊ ÎÏ×ÏÊ ×ÅÔËÉ.</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para><filename>src/share/examples/cvsup/stable-supfile</filename>
- ËÏÇÄÁ ÐÒÉÍÅÎÉÍÏ, ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÂÙÔØ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ÎÁ ÎÏ×ÕÀ
-STABLE ×ÅÔËÕ.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3>
<title>óÏÚÄÁÎÉÅ ÔÜÇÏ× ÒÅÌÉÚÁ</title>
<para>ðÒÉ ÇÏÔÏ×ÎÏÓÔÉ ÏËÏÎÞÁÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÁÑ ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ ÓÏÚÄÁÓÔ
ÔÜÇ <literal>RELENG_4_8_0_RELEASE</literal>.</para>
<screen>/usr/src&prompt.root; <userinput>cvs rtag -rRELENG_4_8 RELENG_4_8_0_RELEASE src</userinput></screen>
<para>íÅÎÅÄÖÅÒÙ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ É ÐÏÒÔÏ× ÏÔ×ÅÞÁÀÔ ÚÁ ×ÎÅÓÅÎÉÅ ÔÜÇÁ ×
ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ ×ÅÔËÉ Ó ÔÜÇÏÍ
<literal>RELEASE_4_8_0</literal>.</para>
<para>éÎÏÇÄÁ × ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÊ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ, ÕÖÅ <emphasis>ÐÏÓÌÅ</emphasis>
ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÈ ÔÜÇÏ× ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ×ÎÅÓÅÎÉÅ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÊ.
îÁ ÐÒÁËÔÉËÅ ÜÔÏ ÎÅ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÏÊ, ÔÁË ËÁË <acronym>CVS</acronym>
ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ÍÁÎÉÐÕÌÑÃÉÉ Ó ÔÜÇÁÍÉ ÐÏ ËÏÍÁÎÄÅ <command>cvs
tag -d <replaceable>tagname filename</replaceable></command>. ïÞÅÎØ
×ÁÖÎÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ×ÓÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ÂÙÌÉ ÐÏÍÅÞÅÎÙ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÍ
ÔÜÇÏÍ, ËÁË ÞÁÓÔØ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ. òÅÌÉÚÙ &os; ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ×ÓÅÇÄÁ
ÐÏ×ÔÏÒÑÅÍÙÍÉ. ìÏËÁÌØÎÙÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ × ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ ×ÙÐÕÓËÁÀÝÅÇÏ
ÒÅÌÉÚ ÎÅÄÏÐÕÓÔÉÍÙ.</para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<!-- ðÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÅ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× -->
<sect1 xml:id="release-build">
<title>ðÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÅ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ×</title>
<para><quote>òÅÌÉÚÙ</quote> &os; ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÙ ÌÀÂÙÍ ÞÅÌÏ×ÅËÏÍ,
ÉÍÅÀÝÉÍ ÂÙÓÔÒÏÄÅÊÓÔ×ÕÀÝÕÀ ÍÁÛÉÎÕ É ÄÏÓÔÕÐ Ë ÈÒÁÎÉÌÉÝÕ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÈ ÔÅËÓÔÏ×.
(üÔÏ ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÂÙÔØ ÌÀÂÏÊ, ÔÁË ËÁË ÍÙ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÍ ÁÎÏÎÉÍÎÙÊ ÄÏÓÔÕÐ Ë CVS!
ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅÓØ Ë òÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Õ ÄÌÑ ÐÒÏÑÓÎÅÎÉÑ ÄÅÔÁÌÅÊ.)
<emphasis>åÄÉÎÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÍ</emphasis> ÏÓÏÂÙÍ ÔÒÅÂÏ×ÁÎÉÅÍ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÎÁÌÉÞÉÅ
ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á &man.md.4;. åÓÌÉ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Ï × ×ÁÛÅÍ ÑÄÒÅ
ÎÅ ÐÏÄÇÒÕÖÅÎÏ, ÔÏ ÍÏÄÕÌØ ÑÄÒÁ ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÄÇÒÕÖÅÎ Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ÐÒÉ
×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÉ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ &man.mdconfig.8; ÎÁ ÜÔÁÐÅ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ÎÏÓÉÔÅÌÑ ÄÌÑ
ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ. ÷ÓÅ ÉÎÓÔÒÕÍÅÎÔÙ, ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÙÅ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÑ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ, ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙ
ÉÚ ÈÒÁÎÉÌÉÝÁ CVS × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ <filename>src/release</filename>. üÔÉ
ÉÎÓÔÒÕÍÅÎÔÙ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÀÔ ÅÄÉÎÙÊ ÍÅÔÏÄ ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÑ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× &os;.
ðÏÌÎÙÊ ÒÅÌÉÚ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÒÅÁÌØÎÏ ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎ ÐÒÉ ÐÏÍÏÝÉ ÌÉÛØ ÏÄÎÏÊ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ,
×ËÌÀÞÁÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÅ <acronym>ISO</acronym>-ÏÂÒÁÚÏ×, ÐÏÄÈÏÄÑÝÉÈ ÄÌÑ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ ÎÁ
CDROM, ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÙÈ ÄÉÓËÅÔ É ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÏÇÏ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ FTP. üÔÁ ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ
ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÍ ÏÂÒÁÚÏÍ: <command>make
release</command>.</para>
<sect2>
<title><command>make release</command></title>
<para>äÌÑ ÕÓÐÅÛÎÏÇÏ ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÑ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ ×Ù ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÓÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÚÁÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ
<filename>/usr/obj</filename>, ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉ× ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ <command>make
world</command> ÉÌÉ ÐÒÏÓÔÏ <command>make buildworld</command>. ãÅÌØ,
×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÅÍÁÑ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÑ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ, ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔ ËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÏÇÏ ÚÁÄÁÎÉÑ
ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÉÈ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÙÈ ÐÒÉ ÅÇÏ ÓÂÏÒËÅ:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para><varname>CHROOTDIR</varname> - ëÁÔÁÌÏÇ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÙÊ × ÓÒÅÄÅ Ó
ÉÚÍÅΣÎÎÏÊ ËÏÒÎÅ×ÏÊ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÏÊ ÐÒÉ ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÉ ÐÏÌÎÏÇÏ
ÒÅÌÉÚÁ.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><varname>BUILDNAME</varname> - îÁÉÍÅÎÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÓÔÒÏÑÝÅÇÏÓÑ
ÒÅÌÉÚÁ.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><varname>CVSROOT</varname> - íÅÓÔÏÎÁÈÏÖÄÅÎÉÅ
CVS-ÈÒÁÎÉÌÉÝÁ.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><varname>RELEASETAG</varname> - ôÜÇ CVS, ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÊ
ÒÅÌÉÚÕ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ×Ù ÓÏÂÉÒÁÅÔÅÓØ ÓÔÒÏÉÔØ.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÅÝ£ ÎÅÔ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ Ë ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏÍÕ CVS-ÈÒÁÎÉÌÉÝÕ, ÔÏ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ
ÚÅÒËÁÌÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÏÄÎÏ ÉÚ ÎÉÈ ÐÒÉ ÐÏÍÏÝÉ <link xlink:href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/books/handbook/synching.html#CVSUP">
CVSup</link>. ðÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÍÙÊ sup-ÆÁÊÌ,
<filename>/usr/share/examples/cvsup/cvs-supfile</filename>, ÍÏÖÅÔ
ÓÌÕÖÉÔØ ÈÏÒÏÛÅÊ ÏÔÐÒÁ×ÎÏÊ ÔÏÞËÏÊ ÄÌÑ ÚÅÒËÁÌÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÈÒÁÎÉÌÉÝÁ
CVS.</para>
<para>åÓÌÉ <varname>RELEASETAG</varname> ÏÐÕÝÅÎ, ÔÏ ÒÅÌÉÚ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÓÔÒÏÉÔØÓÑ
ÉÚ ×ÅÔËÉ <literal>HEAD</literal> (ÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÏÊ ËÁË -CURRENT). òÅÌÉÚÙ,
ÓÔÒÏÑÝÉÅÓÑ ÉÚ ÜÔÏÊ ×ÅÔËÉ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÀÔ <quote>ÓÎÜÐÛÏÔÁÍÉ
-CURRENT</quote>.</para>
<para>äÌÑ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÑ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÍÎÏÇÏ ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ
âÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ÉÚ ÜÔÉÈ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÙ × ÎÁÞÁÌÅ ÆÁÊÌÁ
<filename>src/release/Makefile</filename>. ôÏÞÎÁÑ ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ, ÓÌÕÖÁÝÁÑ
ÄÌÑ ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÑ ÏÆÉÃÉÁÌØÎÏÇÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ &os;&nbsp;4.7 (x86) ÔÁËÏ×Á:</para>
<screen><command>make release CHROOTDIR=/local3/release \
BUILDNAME=4.7-RELEASE \
CVSROOT=/host/cvs/usr/home/ncvs \
RELEASETAG=RELENG_4_7_0_RELEASE</command></screen>
<para><filename>Makefile</filename> ÄÌÑ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÒÁÚÂÉÔ ÎÁ
ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÈ ÛÁÇÏ×.</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>óÏÚÄÁÎÉÅ ÞÉÓÔÏÇÏ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÇÏ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ × ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÏÊ ÉÅÒÁÒÈÉÉ
ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÏ× ÐÏ ËÏÍÁÎÄÅ <quote><command>make
installworld</command></quote>.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>÷ÙÇÒÕÚËÁ ÉÚ CVS ÞÉÓÔÏÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÈ ÔÅËÓÔÏ× ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ,
ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ É ÐÏÒÔÏ× × ÉÅÒÁÒÈÉÀ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÑ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>óÏÚÄÁÎÉÅ ËÏÐÉÉ <filename>/etc</filename> É
<filename>/dev</filename> × ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÉ Ó ÉÚÍÅΣÎÎÙÍ ËÏÒÎÅÍ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ
ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>óÍÅÎÁ ËÏÒÎÅ×ÏÊ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÎÁ ÉÅÒÁÒÈÉÀ ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÑ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ,
ÞÔÏÂÙ ÉÚÂÅÖÁÔØ ×ÌÉÑÎÉÑ ×ÎÅÛÎÅÇÏ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ ÎÁ ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÅ.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>÷ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÅ <command>make world</command> × ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÉ Ó
ÉÚÍÅΣÎÎÏÊ ËÏÒÎÅ×ÏÊ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÏÊ.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>ðÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÅ ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÄÌÑ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ Ó Kerberos.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>ðÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÅ ÑÄÒÁ <filename>GENERIC</filename>.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>óÏÚÄÁÎÉÅ ÐÒÏÍÅÖÕÔÏÞÎÏÇÏ ÄÅÒÅ×Á ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÏ×, ÇÄÅ ÂÕÄÕÔ ÓÔÒÏÉÔØÓÑ
ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ É ÆÏÒÍÉÒÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Ù.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>ðÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÅ É ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÉÎÓÔÒÕÍÅÎÔÏ× ÄÌÑ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ Ó ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÅÊ,
ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÙÈ ÄÌÑ ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÈ ÔÅËÓÔÏ× ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ (SGML)
× ÆÏÒÍÁÔ HTML É ÔÅËÓÔÏ×ÙÅ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÓÏÐÕÔÓÔ×ÕÀÔ
ÒÅÌÉÚ.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>ðÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÅ É ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÁËÔÕÁÌØÎÏÊ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ (ÒÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Á
ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ, ÕÞÅÂÎÉËÉ, ÚÁÍÅÞÁÎÉÑ Ë ÒÅÌÉÚÕ, ÐÅÒÅÞÅÎØ ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÏÊ
ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ É ÔÁË ÄÁÌÅÅ.)</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>ðÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÅ <quote>Ó×£ÒÎÕÔÙÈ</quote> ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×,
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÙÈ ÎÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÙÈ ÄÉÓËÅÔÁÈ.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>ðÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÁ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÈ ÁÒÈÉ×Ï× ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× É ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÈ
ÔÅËÓÔÏ×.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>óÏÚÄÁÎÉÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÏÇÏ ÎÏÓÉÔÅÌÑ
É <quote>fixit</quote>-ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>óÏÚÄÁÎÉÅ ÉÅÒÁÒÈÉÉ ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÐÒÉ ÐÏÍÏÝÉ FTP.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><emphasis>(ÏÐÃÉÏÎÁÌØÎÏ)</emphasis> óÏÚÄÁÎÉÅ ÏÂÒÁÚÏ× ISO ÄÌÑ
ÎÏÓÉÔÅÌÅÊ CDROM/DVD.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>äÌÑ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÑ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÌÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ Ï ÉÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÅ ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÑ
ÒÅÌÉÚÏ×, ÐÏÖÁÌÕÊÓÔÁ, ÏÂÒÁÔÉÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ
ÐÏ &man.release.7;.</para>
<note>
<para>÷ÁÖÎÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÉÚ ÆÁÊÌÁ <filename>/etc/make.conf</filename> ÂÙÌÉ
ÕÄÁÌÅÎÙ ×ÓÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ, ÓÐÅÃÉÆÉÞÎÙÅ ÄÌÑ ËÏÎËÒÅÔÎÏÇÏ ÈÏÓÔÁ. ë ÐÒÉÍÅÒÕ,
ÂÕÄÅÔ ÇÌÕÐÏ ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÑÔØ ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÎÙÅ ÎÁ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ Ó
ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ <varname>CPUTYPE</varname>, ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÀÝÅÊ ÎÁ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌ£ÎÎÙÊ
ÔÉÐ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÁ.</para>
</note>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÅ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÅ ÔÒÅÔØÉÈ ÌÉÃ (<quote>ports</quote>)</title>
<para><link xlink:href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/ports">ëÏÌÌÅËÃÉÑ ÐÏÒÔÏ×
&os;</link> ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÂÏÌÅÅ &os.numports; ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÙÈ ÐÁËÅÔÏ×
ÓÔÏÒÏÎÎÉÈ ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÞÉËÏ×, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙ ÄÌÑ &os;. úÁ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÕ
ÃÅÌÏÓÔÎÏÓÔÉ ÄÅÒÅ×Á ÐÏÒÔÏ×, ËÏÔÏÒÏÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÄÌÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ
ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÈ ÐÁËÅÔÏ×, ÐÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÍÙÈ Ó ÏÆÉÃÉÁÌØÎÙÍÉ ÒÅÌÉÚÁÍÉ &os;,
ÏÔ×ÅÞÁÅÔ &a.portmgr;.</para>
<para>òÁÓÓÍÏÔÒÅÎÉÅ ÒÁÂÏÔ Ó ÎÁÛÅÊ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÅÊ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× ÓÔÏÒÏÎÎÉÈ
ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÞÉËÏ× ÐÒÉ ÐÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÅ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× ×ÙÈÏÄÉÔ ÚÁ ÒÁÍËÉ ÜÔÏÇÏ
ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁ. üÔÏÔ ×ÏÐÒÏÓ ÇÌÕÂÏËÏ ÒÁÓÓÍÏÔÒÅÎ × ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÏÊ
ÓÔÁÔØÅ, &art.re.pkgs;.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>ISO Ó ÒÅÌÉÚÁÍÉ</title>
<para>îÁÞÉÎÁÑ Ó &os;&nbsp;4.4, ðÒÏÅËÔ &os; ÐÒÉÎÑÌ ÒÅÛÅÎÉÅ ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÑÔØ
×ÓÅ ÞÅÔÙÒÅ ÏÂÒÁÚÁ ISO, ÒÁÎÅÅ ÐÒÏÄÁ×ÁÅÍÙÅ ÞÅÒÅÚ
<emphasis>BSDi/Wind River Systems/FreeBSD Mall</emphasis> ËÁË
<quote>ÏÆÉÃÉÁÌØÎÙÅ</quote> ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Ù ÎÁ CDROM. ëÁÖÄÙÊ ÉÚ ÞÅÔÙÒ£È
ÄÉÓËÏ× ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌ <filename>README.TXT</filename>,
ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÀÝÉÊ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÅ ÄÉÓËÁ, ÆÁÊÌ <filename>CDROM.INF</filename>, ×
ËÏÔÏÒÏÍ ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ ÍÅÔÁ-ÄÁÎÎÙÅ Ï ÄÉÓËÅ ÄÌÑ ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ
&man.sysinstall.8; ÍÏÇ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÑÔØ É ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÅ, Á ÔÁËÖÅ
ÆÁÊÌ <filename>filename.txt</filename>, ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÝÉÊ ÐÅÒÅÞÅÎØ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÇÏ
ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ. üÔÏÔ <emphasis>ÐÅÒÅÞÅÎØ</emphasis> ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÓÏÚÄÁÎ ÐÒÏÓÔÏÊ
ËÏÍÁÎÄÏÊ:</para>
<screen>/stage/cdrom&prompt.root; <userinput>find . -type f | sed -e 's/^\.\///' | sort &gt; filename.txt</userinput></screen>
<para>óÐÅÃÉÆÉÞÎÙÅ ÔÒÅÂÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ CD ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÀÔÓÑ ÎÉÖÅ.</para>
<sect3>
<title>äÉÓË 1</title>
<para>ðÅÒ×ÙÊ ÄÉÓË ÐÒÁËÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ÐÏÌÎÏÓÔØÀ ÓÏÚÄÁ£ÔÓÑ ËÏÍÁÎÄÏÊ
<command>make release</command>. åÄÉÎÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÍ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÅÍ, ËÏÔÏÒÏÅ
ÎÕÖÎÏ ×ÎÅÓÔÉ × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ <filename>disc1</filename>, Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ
ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÐÏÄËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ <filename>tools</filename>,
Á ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÅÒÅÎÏÓ ÍÁËÓÉÍÁÌØÎÏ
×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÇÏ ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×Á ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÙÈ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× ÓÔÏÒÏÎÎÉÈ ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÞÉËÏ×,
ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÐÏÍÅÓÔÑÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÄÉÓË. ëÁÔÁÌÏÇ <filename>tools</filename>
ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÅ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÅ, ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÀÝÅÅ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ
ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÙÅ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ ÉÚ ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ. üÔÏÔ ÄÉÓË ÎÕÖÎÏ
ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÍ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ ÓÏ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ ðë ÎÅ ÎÕÖÎÏ ÂÙÌÏ
ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÙÅ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ.</para>
<para>åÓÌÉ × ÒÅÌÉÚ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ×ËÌÀÞÉÔØ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌÉÚÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÅ ÑÄÒÏ, ÔÏ
ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÍÏÄÉÆÉÃÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ &man.sysinstall.8; É &man.release.7;,
ÄÏÂÁ×É× × ÎÉÈ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ ÐÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ. óÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÊ ËÏÄ
ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × <filename>src/release</filename> É
<filename>src/usr.sbin/sysinstall</filename>. ÷ ÞÁÓÔÎÏÓÔÉ,
× <filename>src/usr.sbin/sysinstall</filename> ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÂÕÄÅÔ
ÒÅÄÁËÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ <filename>src/release/Makefile</filename>,
<filename>dist.c</filename>, <filename>dist.h</filename>,
<filename>menus.c</filename>, <filename>install.c</filename> É
<filename>Makefile</filename>. ôÁËÖÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÏÂÎÏ×ÉÔØ
<filename>sysinstall.8</filename>.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3>
<title>äÉÓË 2</title>
<para>÷ÔÏÒÏÊ ÄÉÓË ÔÁËÖÅ × ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÍ ÓÏÚÄÁ£ÔÓÑ ÐÏ ËÏÍÁÎÄÅ <command>make
release</command>. ïÎ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ <quote>ÖÉ×ÕÀ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÕÀ
ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ</quote>, ËÏÔÏÒÕÀ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÉÚ &man.sysinstall.8; ÄÌÑ
ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ &os;. üÔÏÔ ÄÉÓË ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÂÙÔØ
ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÍ É ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔØ ÔÁËÖÅ ÕÐÁËÏ×ÁÎÎÕÀ ËÏÐÉÀ ÈÒÁÎÉÌÉÝÁ CVS ×
ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ <filename>CVSROOT</filename> É ÄÅÍÏÎÓÔÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÅ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ
ËÏÍÍÅÒÞÅÓËÏÇÏ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÇÏ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÑ × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ
<filename>commerce</filename>.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3>
<title>äÉÓËÉ 3 É 4</title>
<para>ïÓÔÁ×ÛÉÅÓÑ Ä×Á ÄÉÓËÁ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÙÅ ÐÁËÅÔÙ
ÄÌÑ &os;. ïÎÉ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ÏÂßÅÄÉÎÅÎÙ × ÇÒÕÐÐÙ (ËÌÁÓÔÅÒÙ), ÞÔÏÂÙ
ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÁËÅÔ É ×ÓÅ ÅÇÏ <emphasis>ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÓÔÉ</emphasis> ÎÁÈÏÄÉÌÉÓØ
ÎÁ ÏÄÎÏÍ É ÔÏÍ ÖÅ ÄÉÓËÅ. äÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÉ ÜÔÉÈ
ÄÉÓËÏ× ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ÓÔÁÔØÅ &art.re.pkgs;.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3>
<title>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÉÈ ÄÉÓËÏ×</title>
<para><application>Sysinstall</application> ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ
ÐÁËÅÔÏ× Ó ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÉÈ ÄÉÓËÏ×. äÌÑ ÜÔÏ ÎÕÖÎÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÎÁ ËÁÖÄÏÍ ÄÉÓËÅ
ÂÙÌ ÆÁÊÌ <filename>INDEX</filename>, ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÝÉÊ ÎÁÚ×ÁÎÉÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÐÁËÅÔÏ×
ÓÏ ×ÓÅÈ ÄÉÓËÏ×, Ó ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÍ ÐÏÌÅÍ, ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÀÝÅÍ ÎÁ ËÁËÏÍ ÄÉÓËÅ
ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔÓÑ ÄÁÎÎÙÊ ËÏÎËÒÅÔÎÙÊ ÐÁËÅÔ. ôÁËÖÅ, ÎÁ ËÁÖÄÏÍ ÄÉÓËÅ, × ÆÁÊÌÅ
<filename>cdrom.inf</filename> ÄÏÌÖÎÁ ÂÙÔØ ÕËÁÚÁÎÁ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ
<literal>CD_VOLUME</literal> ÄÌÑ ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ sysinstall ÍÏÇ
ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÉÔØ ËÁËÏÊ ÜÔÏÊ ÄÉÓË. ëÏÇÄÁ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÐÙÔÁÔØÓÑ
ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÐÁËÅÔ, ËÏÔÏÒÏÇÏ ÎÅÔ ÎÁ ÔÅËÕÝÅÍ ÄÉÓËÅ, sysinstall ×ÙÄÁÓÔ
ÚÁÐÒÏÓ ÎÁ ×ÓÔÁ×ËÕ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÇÏ ÄÉÓËÁ.</para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<!-- òÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÅÎÉÅ -->
<sect1 xml:id="distribution">
<title>òÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÅÎÉÅ</title>
<sect2 xml:id="dist-ftp">
<title>óÅÒ×ÅÒÙ FTP</title>
<para>ðÏÓÌÅ ÔÏÇÏ, ËÁË ÒÅÌÉÚ ÂÙÌ ÔÝÁÔÅÌØÎÏ ÐÒÏÔÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎ É ÐÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ÌÅÎ Ë
ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÅÎÉÀ, ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÂÙÔØ ÏÂÎÏ×̣ΠÇÌÁ×ÎÙÊ FTP-ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ. ÷ÓÅ
ÏÆÉÃÉÁÌØÎÙÅ ÏÂÝÅÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙÅ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÙ FTP-ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÙ &os; Ñ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ
ÚÅÒËÁÌÁÍÉ ÇÌÁ×ÎÏÇÏ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ, ÏÔËÒÙÔÏÇÏ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÄÒÕÇÉÍ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁÍ FTP. üÔÏÔ
ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ ÉÚ×ÅÓÔÅÎ ÐÏÄ ÉÍÅÎÅÍ <systemitem>ftp-master</systemitem>. ëÏÇÄÁ ÒÅÌÉÚ
ÇÏÔÏ×, ÎÁ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÅ <systemitem>ftp-master</systemitem> ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÙ
ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÓÔÒÏËÉ:</para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/pub/FreeBSD/releases/<replaceable>arch</replaceable>/<replaceable>X.Y</replaceable>-RELEASE/</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>õÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÙÊ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ FTP, ÐÏÌÕÞÁÅÍÙÊ ÐÏ ËÏÍÁÎÄÅ <command>make
release</command>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/pub/FreeBSD/ports/<replaceable>arch</replaceable>/packages-<replaceable>X.Y</replaceable>-release/</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>ðÏÌÎÙÊ ËÏÍÐÌÅËÔ ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÎÙÈ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× ÄÌÑ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/pub/FreeBSD/releases/<replaceable>arch</replaceable>/<replaceable>X.Y</replaceable>-RELEASE/tools</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>óÉÍ×ÏÌÉÞÅÓËÁÑ ÓÓÙÌËÁ ÎÁ
<filename>../../../tools</filename>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/pub/FreeBSD/releases/<replaceable>arch</replaceable>/<replaceable>X.Y</replaceable>-RELEASE/packages</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>óÉÍ×ÏÌÉÞÅÓËÁÑ ÓÓÙÌËÁ ÎÁ
<filename>../../../ports/<replaceable>arch</replaceable>/packages-<replaceable>X.Y</replaceable>-release</filename>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/pub/FreeBSD/releases/<replaceable>arch</replaceable>/ISO-IMAGES/<replaceable>X.Y</replaceable>/<replaceable>X.Y</replaceable>-RELEASE-<replaceable>arch</replaceable>-*.iso</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>ISO-ÏÂÒÁÚÙ. úÄÅÓØ <quote>*</quote> ÜÔÏ
<filename>disc1</filename>, <filename>disc2</filename> É ÔÁË
ÄÁÌÅÅ. ôÏÌØËÏ ÅÓÌÉ ÚÄÅÓØ ÅÓÔØ <filename>disc1</filename> É
ÁÌØÔÅÒÎÁÔÉ×ÎÙÊ ÐÅÒ×ÙÊ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÙÊ CD (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÏÂÒÅÚÁÎÎÁÑ
ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÂÅÚ ÏËÏÎÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ), ÔÏ ÚÄÅÓØ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÔÁËÖÅ
É <filename>mini</filename>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
<para>äÌÑ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÑ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ Ï ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ ÚÅÒËÁÌØÎÙÈ
FTP-ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÏ× &os;, ÐÏÖÁÌÕÊÓÔÁ, ÐÒÏÞÔÉÔÅ ÓÔÁÔØÀ Ï <link xlink:href="&url.articles.hubs;">úÅÒËÁÌÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÉ &os;</link>.</para>
<para>íÏÖÅÔ ÐÒÏÊÔÉ ÏÔ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÉÈ ÞÁÓÏ× ÄÏ Ä×ÕÈ ÄÎÅÊ ÍÅÖÄÕ ÔÅÍ, ËÁË
ÏÂÎÏ×ÉÔÓÑ <systemitem>ftp-master</systemitem>, É ÎÁ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÊ ÍÁÓÓÅ FTP-ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÏ×
1-ÇÏ ÕÒÏ×ÎÑ ÐÏÑ×ÉÔÓÑ ÎÏ×ÏÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÅ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÅ, × ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÏÔ
ÔÏÇÏ, × ÔÏÖÅ ÓÁÍÏÅ ÌÉ ×ÒÅÍÑ ÐÁËÅÔ ÂÙÌ ÚÁÇÒÕÖÅÎ. ïÂÑÚÁÔÅÌØÎÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ
×ÙÐÕÓËÁÀÝÉÅ ÒÅÌÉÚ ËÏÏÒÄÉÎÉÒÏ×ÁÌÉ Ó×ÏÉ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÑ Ó &a.mirror-announce;
ÄÏ ÔÏÇÏ, ËÁË ÏÂßÑ×ÌÑÔØ Ï ÏÂÝÅÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÏÓÔÉ ÎÏ×ÏÇÏ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÇÏ
ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÑ Ó ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÏ× FTP. ÷ ÉÄÅÁÌØÎÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ÎÁÂÏÒ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× Ë
ÒÅÌÉÚÕ ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÂÙÔØ ÚÁÇÒÕÖÅÎ ÐÏ ËÒÁÊÎÅÊ ÍÅÒÅ ÚÁ ÞÅÔÙÒÅ ÄÎÑ ÄÏ ÍÏÍÅÎÔÁ
×ÙÐÕÓËÁ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ. òÅÌÉÚ ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÂÙÔØ ÚÁÇÒÕÖÅÎ × ÐÒÏÍÅÖÕÔËÅ ÏÔ 24 ÄÏ 48
ÞÁÓÏ× ÄÏ ÍÏÍÅÎÔÁ ×ÙÈÏÄÁ ÚÁÐÌÁÎÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÇÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ Ó ×ÙËÌÀÞÅÎÎÙÍÉ
ÐÏÌÎÏÍÏÞÉÑÍÉ <quote>other</quote>. üÔÏ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÉÔ ÚÅÒËÁÌÉÒÕÀÝÉÍ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁÍ
ÓÇÒÕÚÉÔØ ÅÇÏ, ÎÏ ÎÉËÔÏ ÎÅ ÓÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ÅÇÏ Ó ÚÅÒËÁÌØÎÙÈ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÏ×.
÷ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ ×ÙÈÏÄÁ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ ÄÏÌÖÎÏ ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÓÌÁÎÏ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÅ × ÁÄÒÅÓ
&a.mirror-announce;, ÇÏ×ÏÒÑÝÅÅ Ï ÔÏÍ, ÞÔÏ ÒÅÌÉÚ ×ÙÐÕÝÅÎ É ÎÁÓÔÕÐÉÌÏ
×ÒÅÍÑ ÄÌÑ ÏÔËÒÙÔÉÑ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ ÎÁ ÚÅÒËÁÌØÎÙÈ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁÈ. ïÂÑÚÁÔÅÌØÎÏ
×ÍÅÓÔÅ ÓÏ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÅÍ ÕËÁÖÉÔÅ É ÞÁÓÏ×ÏÊ ÐÏÑÓ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÏÔÎÏÓÉÔÅÌØÎÏ
GMT.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 xml:id="dist-cdrom">
<title>ôÉÒÁÖÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ CD-ROM</title>
<para>÷ÓËÏÒÅ ÐÏÑ×ÉÔÓÑ: óÏ×ÅÔÙ ÐÏ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÅ ISO-ÏÂÒÁÚÏ× &os; ÎÁ
ÔÉÒÁÖÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ É ÐÒÉÍÅÎÑÅÍÙÅ ÍÅÒÙ ÐÏ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÀ ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Á.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<!-- òÁÓÛÉÒÑÅÍÏÓÔØ -->
<sect1 xml:id="extensibility">
<title>òÁÓÛÉÒÑÅÍÏÓÔØ</title>
<para>èÏÔÑ &os; ÐÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÓÏÂÏÊ ÚÁËÏÎÞÅÎÎÕÀ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÕÀ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ,
ÎÉÞÅÇÏ ÎÅ ÚÁÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ×ÁÓ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ ÔÏÌØËÏ × ÔÏÍ ×ÉÄÅ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ
ÐÒÉÇÏÔÏ×ÌÅÎ ÎÁÍÉ ÄÌÑ ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÅÎÉÑ. íÙ ÐÏÐÙÔÁÌÉÓØ ÓÐÒÏÅËÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ
ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ ÍÁËÓÉÍÁÌØÎÏ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÑÅÍÏÊ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÏÎÁ ÍÏÇÌÁ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ÒÏÌØ
ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÙ, ÎÁ ÏÓÎÏ×Å ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÓÔÒÏÉÔØ ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ËÏÍÍÅÒÞÅÓËÉÅ ÐÒÏÄÕËÔÙ.
åÄÉÎÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÍ <quote>ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÏÍ</quote>, ËÏÔÏÒÏÅ ÍÙ ÎÁÌÁÇÁÅÍ, Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ
ÎÁÓÔÏÑÔÅÌØÎÁÑ ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÁÃÉÑ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎÉÑ, ×ÎÏÓÉÍÙÅ ×ÁÍÉ ×
ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ× &os; Ó ÎÅÔÒÉ×ÉÁÌØÎÙÍÉ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑÍÉ! óÏÏÂÝÅÓÔ×Ï &os;
ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÍÏÇÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ ÔÏÇÏ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÇÏ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÑ,
ËÏÔÏÒÏÅ ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÑÅÍ ÍÙ. íÙ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌ£ÎÎÏ ÐÒÉ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÅÍ ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎÉÑ ×
ÆÏÒÍÅ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÉÎÓÔÒÕÍÅÎÔÏ× ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ É ÁÄÍÉÎÉÓÔÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ, ÎÏ ÎÅ ÍÏÖÅÍ
ÏÔ×ÅÞÁÔØ ÎÁ ×ÏÐÒÏÓÙ Ï ÎÉÈ.</para>
<sect2>
<title>óÏÚÄÁÎÉÅ ÍÏÄÉÆÉÃÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÈ ÄÉÓËÅÔ</title>
<para>÷Ï ÍÎÏÇÉÈ ÍÅÓÔÁÈ ÉÍÅÀÔÓÑ ÓÌÏÖÎÙÅ ÕÓÌÏ×ÉÑ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÔÒÅÂÕÀÔ
ÒÁÚÍÅÝÅÎÉÑ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÍÏÄÕÌÅÊ ÑÄÒÁ ÉÌÉ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÓËÉÈ
ÉÎÓÔÒÕÍÅÎÔÏ× ÎÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÙÅ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ. <quote>âÙÓÔÒÙÍ É
ÎÅÁËËÕÒÁÔÎÙÍ</quote> ÓÐÏÓÏÂÏÍ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ÜÔÏ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÅ
ÐÒÏÍÅÖÕÔÏÞÎÏÇÏ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ × ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÊ ÉÅÒÁÒÈÉÉ ÐÒÉ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÉ
<command>make release</command>:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>ðÒÉÍÅÎÉÔÅ ÐÁÔÞÉ ÉÌÉ ÄÏÂÁ×ØÔÅ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ
ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÑ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ Ó ÉÚÍÅΣÎÎÙÈ ËÏÒÎÅÍ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><command>rm
${CHROOTDIR}/usr/obj/usr/src/release/release.[59]</command></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>ÐÅÒÅÓÔÒÏÊÔÅ &man.sysinstall.8;, ÑÄÒÏ É ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÙÅ ÞÁÓÔÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ,
ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ËÏÓÎÕÌÉÓØ ×ÁÛÉ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><command>chroot ${CHROOTDIR} ./mk floppies</command></para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>äÉÓËÅÔÙ ÎÏ×ÏÇÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ ÂÕÄÕÔ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔØÓÑ ×
<filename>${CHROOTDIR}/R/stage/floppies</filename>.</para>
<para>ìÉÂÏ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ×ÙÚ×ÁÎÁ ÃÅÌØ
<filename>boot.flp</filename> ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÑ ÉÌÉ ÓËÒÉÐÔ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ
ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ, <filename>src/release/scripts/doFS.sh</filename>, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ
ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ×ÙÚ×ÁÎ ÎÁÐÒÑÍÕÀ.</para>
<para>ìÏËÁÌØÎÙÅ ÐÁÔÞÉ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÙ Ë ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÀ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ ÐÒÉ
ÐÏÍÏÝÉ ÚÁÄÁÎÉÑ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ <varname>LOCAL_PATCH</varname> ÐÒÉ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÉ
<command>make release</command>.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>óËÒÉÐÔÙ <command>sysinstall</command></title>
<para>éÎÓÔÒÕÍÅÎÔ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ É ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ &os;,
&man.sysinstall.8;, ÍÏÖÅÔ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ ÐÏ ÓÃÅÎÁÒÉÀ, ÐÏÌÅÚÎÏÍÕ ÄÌÑ
Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÚÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÊ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ × ÂÏÌØÛÉÈ ËÏÍÐÁÎÉÑÈ. üÔÁ ÆÕÎËÃÉÏÎÁÌØÎÏÓÔØ
ÍÏÖÅÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÎÏ Ó ÔÅÈÎÏÌÏÇÉÅÊ &intel; PXE[12] ÄÌÑ
ÐÅÒ×ÏÎÁÞÁÌØÎÏÊ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ ÉÚ ÓÅÔÉ, ÉÌÉ Ó ÍÏÄÉÆÉÃÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÍÉ
ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÍÉ ÄÉÓËÅÔÁÍÉ ÓÏ ÓËÒÉÐÔÁÍÉ sysinstall. ðÒÉÍÅÒ ÓËÒÉÐÔÁ ÄÌÑ
sysinstall ÄÏÓÔÕÐÅÎ × ÄÅÒÅ×Å CVS × ×ÉÄÅ ÆÁÊÌÁ
<filename>src/release/sysinstall/install.cfg</filename>.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<!-- éÚ×ÌÅÞ£ÎÎÙÅ ÕÒÏËÉ -->
<sect1 xml:id="lessons-learned">
<title>õÒÏËÉ, ÉÚ×ÌÅÞ£ÎÎÙÅ ÉÚ &os;&nbsp;4.4</title>
<para>æÏÒÍÁÌØÎÏ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ ÐÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÉ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ ÄÌÑ 4.4 ÎÁÞÁÌÓÑ 1 Á×ÇÕÓÔÁ 2001
ÇÏÄÁ. ðÏÓÌÅ ÜÔÏÊ ÄÁÔÙ ×ÓÅ ÂÅÚ ÉÓËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ × ×ÅÔËÅ
<literal>RELENG_4</literal> &os; ÐÏÄÔ×ÅÒÖÄÁÌÉÓØ &a.re;. ðÅÒ×ÙÊ
ÐÒÅÄ×ÁÒÉÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÒÅÌÉÚ ÄÌÑ ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÙ x86 ÂÙÌ ×ÙÐÕÝÅÎ 16 Á×ÇÕÓÔÁ, ÚÁ
ÎÉÍ ×ÙÈÏÄÉÌÏ ÅÝ£ 4 ÐÒÅÄ×ÁÒÉÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ, É ×Ó£ ÚÁËÏÎÞÉÌÏÓØ 18 Á×ÇÕÓÔÁ
×ÙÐÕÓËÏÍ ÏËÏÎÞÁÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ. òÕËÏ×ÏÄÉÔÅÌØ ÓÌÕÖÂÙ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ ÏÞÅÎØ
ÐÌÏÔÎÏ ÚÁÎÉÍÁÌÓÑ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÍ ×ÙÐÕÓËÁ × ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÀÀ ÎÅÄÅÌÀ, ÔÁË ËÁË ×
ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÉÈ ÐÒÅÄ×ÁÒÉÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÒÅÌÉÚÁÈ ÂÙÌÉ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÙ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ, ËÁÓÁÀÝÉÅÓÑ
ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÊ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ. þÕÔØ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÞÅÍ ÚÁ ÍÅÓÑÃ × ÁÄÒÅÓ &a.re;
ÐÏÓÔÕÐÉÌÏ ÂÏÌÅÅ <emphasis>500</emphasis> ÐÉÓÅÍ.</para>
<para>óÏÏÂÝÅÓÔ×Ï ÎÁÛÉÈ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ ×ÅÓØÍÁ Þ£ÔËÏ ÐÏËÁÚÁÌÏ, ÞÔÏ
ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔØ É ÓÔÁÂÉÌØÎÏÓÔØ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ &os; ÎÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÁ ÐÒÉÎÏÓÉÔØÓÑ × ÖÅÒÔ×Õ
ÌÀÂÙÍ ÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÎÙÍ ÓÒÏËÁÍ ÏËÏÎÞÁÎÉÑ ÒÁÂÏÔ ÉÌÉ ÐÌÁÎÉÒÕÅÍÙÍ ÄÁÔÁÍ ×ÙÈÏÄÁ
ÒÅÌÉÚÁ. ðÒÏÅËÔ &os; ÚÁ ×ÒÅÍÑ Ó×ÏÅÇÏ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×Ï×ÁÎÉÑ ÚÎÁÞÉÔÅÌØÎÏ ×ÙÒÏÓ,
É ÎÉËÏÇÄÁ ÒÁÎÅÅ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏÓÔØ × ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÉÚÁÃÉÉ ÐÒÏÃÅÄÕÒ ÐÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÉ
ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× ÎÅ ÓÔÏÑÌÁ ÔÁË ÏÓÔÒÏ. üÔÏ ÓÔÁÌÏ ÅÝ£ ÂÏÌÅÅ ×ÁÖÎÏ, ËÏÇÄÁ &os;
ÂÙÌÁ ÐÅÒÅÎÅÓÅÎÁ ÎÁ ÎÏ×ÙÅ ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÙÅ ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÙ.</para>
</sect1>
<!-- îÁÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÂÕÄÕÝÉÈ ÒÁÂÏÔ -->
<sect1 xml:id="future">
<title>îÁÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÂÕÄÕÝÉÈ ÒÁÂÏÔ</title>
<para>îÁÛÉÍ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÍ ÐÏ ÐÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÅ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× ÖÉÚÎÅÎÎÏ ×ÁÖÎÏ ÒÁÓÔÉ ×ÍÅÓÔÅ Ó
Õ×ÅÌÉÞÅÎÉÅÍ ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×Á ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ. ÷ÍÅÓÔÅ Ó ÜÔÉÍ ÍÙ ÏÞÅÎØ
ÐÌÏÔÎÏ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÍ ÎÁÄ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅÍ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÊ, ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÅÍÙÈ ÐÒÉ ×ÙÐÕÓËÅ
ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× &os;.</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para><emphasis>ðÁÒÁÌÌÅÌÉÚÍ</emphasis> - ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÜÔÁÐÙ ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÑ
ÒÅÌÉÚÁ ÎÁ ÓÁÍÏÍ ÄÅÌÅ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ÐÁÒÁÌÌÅÌØÎÏ
<quote>ÚÁÔÒÕÄÎÉÔÅÌØÎÏ</quote>. âÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÅÍÙÈ ÚÁÄÁÞ ×ÅÓØÍÁ
ÉÎÔÅÎÓÉ×ÎÏ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÀÔ Ó&nbsp;I/O, ÔÁË ÞÔÏ ÄÌÑ ÕÓËÏÒÅÎÉÑ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁ
<command>make release</command> ÎÁÌÉÞÉÅ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÉÈ ×ÙÓÏËÏÓËÏÒÏÓÔÎÙÈ
ÄÉÓËÏ× ÇÏÒÁÚÄÏ ÂÏÌÅÅ ×ÁÖÎÏ, ÞÅÍ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÉÈ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÏ×.
åÓÌÉ ÄÌÑ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÈ ÉÅÒÁÒÈÉÊ × &man.chroot.2;-ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ
ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÄÉÓËÏ×, ÔÏ ÉÚ×ÌÅÞÅÎÉÅ ÉÚ CVS ÄÅÒÅ×ØÅ×
<filename>ports</filename> É <filename>doc</filename> ÍÏÖÅÔ
×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÔØÓÑ ÏÄÎÏ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÏ Ó ËÏÍÁÎÄÏÊ <command>make world</command> ÎÁ
ÄÒÕÇÏÍ ÄÉÓËÅ. éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ <acronym>RAID</acronym>-ÒÅÛÅÎÉÊ
(ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÙÈ ÉÌÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÙÈ) ÍÏÖÅÔ ÚÎÁÞÉÔÅÌØÎÏ ÓÏËÒÁÔÉÔØ ÏÂÝÅÅ ×ÒÅÍÑ
ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÑ.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><emphasis>ëÒÏÓÓÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÅÎÎÏÅ ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÅ
ÒÅÌÉÚÏ×</emphasis> - ðÏÓÔÒÏÉÔØ ÒÅÌÉÚ ÄÌÑ IA-64 ÉÌÉ Alpha ÎÁ
x86-ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÉ? <command>make TARGET=ia64 release</command>.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><emphasis>ôÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ</emphasis> - îÁÍ ÎÕÖÎÁ ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎÎÁÑ
Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÚÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÁÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ ÔÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÏÓÔÉ ÄÌÑ
&os;.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><emphasis>éÎÓÔÒÕÍÅÎÔÙ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ</emphasis> - îÁÛÁ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ
ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÄÁ×ÎÏ ÐÅÒÅÖÉÌÁ Ó×ÏÊ ×ÅË. ÷ ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔËÅ ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ
ÐÒÏÅËÔÏ×, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÄÁÔØ ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎÎÕÀ ÔÅÈÎÏÌÏÇÉÀ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.
ïÄÎÉÍ ÉÚ ÔÁËÉÈ ÐÒÏÅËÔÏ× ÂÙÌ libh, ÃÅÌØÀ ËÏÔÏÒÏÇÏ ÂÙÌÏ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÅ
ÎÏ×ÏÊ ÉÎÔÅÌÌÅËÔÕÁÌØÎÏÊ ÔÅÈÎÏÌÏÇÉÉ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ Ó ÐÁËÅÔÁÍÉ É ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ
ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ Ó GUI.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect1>
<!-- âÌÁÇÏÄÁÒÎÏÓÔÉ -->
<sect1 xml:id="ackno">
<title>âÌÁÇÏÄÁÒÎÏÓÔÉ</title>
<para>ñ ÒÁÄ ÐÏÂÌÁÇÏÄÁÒÉÔØ äÖÏÒÄÁÎÁ èÁÂÂÁÒÄÁ (Jordan Hubbard) ÚÁ ÔÏ, ÞÔÏ ÏÎ
ÄÁÌ ÍÎÅ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ×ÚÑÔØ ÐÏÄ Ó×ÏÀ ÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏÓÔØ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÞÁÓÔÉ
ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁ ÐÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÉ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ &os;&nbsp;4.4, Á ÔÁËÖÅ ÚÁ ×ÓÅ ÇÏÄÙ ÅÇÏ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ,
ÓÄÅÌÁ×ÛÉÅ &os; ÔÁËÏÊ, ËÁËÏÊ ÏÎÁ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÓÅÊÞÁÓ. ëÏÎÅÞÎÏ, ÒÅÌÉÚ ÎÅ
ÂÙÌ ÂÙ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÅÎ ÂÅÚ ÔÏÊ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÕÀ ÐÒÏÄÅÌÁÌÉ &a.asami.email;, &a.steve.email;,
&a.bmah.email;, &a.nik.email;, &a.obrien.email;, &a.kris.email;, &a.jhb.email; É ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÙÅ ÞÌÅÎÙ
ÓÏÏÂÝÅÓÔ×Á ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÞÉËÏ× &os;. ñ ÔÁËÖÅ ÒÁÄ ×ÙÒÁÚÉÔØ ÂÌÁÇÏÄÁÒÎÏÓÔØ
&a.rgrimes.email; É &a.phk.email;, Á ÔÁËÖÅ ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÙÍ, ÒÁÂÏÔÁ×ÛÉÍ ÎÁÄ ÉÎÓÔÒÕÍÅÎÔÁÍÉ
ÐÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÉ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× × ÐÅÒ×ÙÅ ÇÏÄÙ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×Ï×ÁÎÉÑ &os;. üÔÁ ÓÔÁÔØÑ ÂÙÌÁ
ÔÁËÖÅ ÎÁÐÉÓÁÎÁ ÐÏÄ ×ÐÅÞÁÔÌÅÎÉÅÍ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ ÐÏ ÐÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÅ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× ÏÔ
CSRG[13], NetBSD Project[10] É ÚÁÍÅÞÁÎÉÊ äÖÏÎÁ âÁÌÄ×ÉÎÁ (John Baldwin)
ÐÏ ÐÒÅÄÌÁÇÁÅÍÏÍÕ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÕ ÐÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÉ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ×[11].</para>
</sect1>
<!-- òÁÚÄÅÌ ÓÓÙÌÏË / âÉÂÌÉÏÇÒÁÆÉÑ -->
<sect1 xml:id="biblio">
<title>óÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÁÑ ÌÉÔÅÒÁÔÕÒÁ</title>
<para>[1] CVS - Concurrent Versions System
<uri xlink:href="http://www.cvshome.org">http://www.cvshome.org</uri></para>
<para>[2] CVSup - The CVS-Optimized General Purpose Network File
Distribution System <uri xlink:href="http://www.polstra.com/projects/freeware/CVSup">http://www.polstra.com/projects/freeware/CVSup</uri></para>
<para>[3] <uri xlink:href="http://pointyhat.FreeBSD.org">http://pointyhat.FreeBSD.org</uri></para>
<para>[4] ëÏÌÌÅËÃÉÑ ÐÏÒÔÏ× &os;
<uri xlink:href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/ports">http://www.FreeBSD.org/ports</uri></para>
<para>[5] ëÏÍÍÉÔÔÅÒÙ &os; <uri xlink:href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/contributors/staff-committers.html">http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/contributors/staff-committers.html</uri></para>
<para>[6] ðÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ &os; <uri xlink:href="&url.base;/administration.html#t-core">&url.base;/administration.html#t-core</uri></para>
<para>[7] òÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Ï &os; <uri xlink:href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/books/handbook">http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/books/handbook</uri></para>
<para>[8] GNATS: The GNU Bug Tracking System
<uri xlink:href="http://www.gnu.org/software/gnats">http://www.gnu.org/software/gnats</uri></para>
<para>[9] óÔÁÔÉÓÔÉËÁ &os; PR
<uri xlink:href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/prstats/index.html">http://www.FreeBSD.org/prstats/index.html</uri></para>
<para>[10] NetBSD Developer Documentation: Release Engineering <uri xlink:href="http://www.NetBSD.org/developers/releng/index.html">http://www.NetBSD.org/developers/releng/index.html</uri></para>
<para>[11] John Baldwin's &os; Release Engineering Proposal <uri xlink:href="http://people.FreeBSD.org/~jhb/docs/releng.txt">http://people.FreeBSD.org/~jhb/docs/releng.txt</uri></para>
<para>[12] PXE Jumpstart Guide <uri xlink:href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/pxe/index.html">http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/pxe/index.html</uri></para>
<para>[13] Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J. Karels, and Keith Bostic:
<link xlink:href="http://docs.FreeBSD.org/44doc/papers/releng.html">
<emphasis>The Release Engineering of 4.3BSD</emphasis></link></para>
</sect1>
</article>