doc/el_GR.ISO8859-7/articles/java-tomcat/article.sgml
2002-08-31 21:54:51 +00:00

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<!--
ÃñÜöôçêå áðü: Victoria Chan <vkchan@kendryl.net>.
Ôï áñ÷éêü êåßìåíï ìðïñåßôå íá ôï âñåßôå óôç óåëßäá:
http://www.kendryl.net/jdk13-1.html.
-->
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
<!ENTITY % man PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Manual Page Entities//EN">
<!--
URL Entities. These are in place, to allow wrapping long URLs to the 80th
column.
-->
<!ENTITY wwwurl "http://www.FreeBSD.org">
<!ENTITY ftpurl "ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org">
<!ENTITY sunurl "http://www.sun.com">
<!ENTITY tomcaturl "http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat">
<!-- The Download URL is too long! :-) -->
<!ENTITY tomcat403 "http://jakarta.apache.org/builds/jakarta-tomcat-4.0/release/v4.0.3/bin/">
%man;
]>
<article>
<articleinfo>
<title>Java êáé Jakarta Tomcat óôï FreeBSD</title>
<authorgroup>
<author>
<firstname>Victoria</firstname>
<surname>Chan</surname>
<affiliation>
<address><email>vkchan@kendryl.net</email></address>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<firstname>Hiten</firstname>
<surname>Pandya</surname>
<affiliation>
<address><email>hiten@uk.FreeBSD.org</email></address>
</affiliation>
</author>
</authorgroup>
<copyright>
<year>2002</year>
<holder role="mailto:vkchan@kendryl.net">Victoria Chan</holder>
<holder role="mailto:hiten@uk.FreeBSD.org">Hiten Pandya</holder>
</copyright>
<pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
<abstract>
<para>Ôï Ýããñáöï áõôü öéëïäïîåß íá âïçèÞóåé ïðïéïíäÞðïôå èÝëåé íá
åãêáôáóôÞóåé êáé íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåé ôçí Java óôï FreeBSD ìå ôç
ìéêñüôåñç äõíáôÞ ðñïóðÜèåéá. Ó÷åäéÜóôå íá áó÷ïëçèåßôå ìéá ïëüêëçñç
ìÝñá ìå ôï áõôü ôï åã÷åßñçìá, êáèþò èá ÷ñåéáóôåß áñêåôüò ÷ñüíïò íá
ìáæÝøåôå üëá ôá êïììÜôéá êáé íá ôá ìåôáãëùôôßóåôå ðñþôá ÷ùñéóôÜ êáé
óôï ôÝëïò üëá ìáæß. Èá óáò äåßîïõìå åðßóçò ðùò íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôïí
äéÜóçìï Jakarta Tomcat Servlet êáé JSP container óôï ëåéôïõñãéêü
óýóôçìá FreeBSD.</para>
</abstract>
</articleinfo>
<sect1>
<title>ÅéóáãùãÞ</title>
<para>Ç ãëþóóá ðñïãñáììáôéóìïý Java ãåííÞèçêå óôéò 23 Ìáúïõ 1995. ÊÜðïéïò
èá ðßóôåõå ðùò ìÝóá óå üëï áõôü ôï ÷ñïíéêü äéÜóôçìá, ïé åöáñìïãÝò Java
èá Ýðñåðå íá åßíáé ðïëý Ýõêïëï íá åãêáôáóôáèïýí êáé íá åêôåëåóôïýí áðü
Ýíá ìïíáäéêü package Þ port ôïõ FreeBSD, êÜíïíôáò Ýôóé ôçí Java
ðñïóâÜóéìç óôï <quote>åõñý êïéíü</quote>. Äõóôõ÷þò, ôá ðñÜãìáôá äåí
åßíáé Ýôóé, êáèþò ç äéáíïìÞ ôçò Java åßíáé óôåíÜ åëåã÷üìåíç áðü ôçí Sun
Microsystems, ç ïðïßá áðáãïñåýåé ôçí áíáäéáíïìÞ. ¼ëá ôá Java Applets
ðñÝðåé íá ìåôáãëùôôßæïíôáé, ìáæß ìå ôï ßäéï ôï Java Development Kit ðïõ
ðñïÝñ÷åôáé áðü ôçí Sun Microsystems. ¼ëá áõôÜ ôá óõóôáôéêÜ ðñÝðåé íá
áíáìåé÷èïýí ìå ôç óùóôÞ óåéñÜ, íá óõãêñïôçèïýí êáé íá ìåôáãëùôôéóôïýí
áðü ôïí ôåëéêü ÷ñÞóôç. Ìå ìéá ôÝôïéá öéëïóïößá äéáíïìÞò, ç ãíþìç ìïõ
åßíáé ðùò ç Java èá ðáñáìÝíåé ãéá ðÜíôá óôç ÷ñÞóç ôùí developers Þ ôùí
hackers êáé ìüíï. ÏðùóäÞðïôå, áõôü áíáêÜëõøá üôáí ÷ñåéÜóôçêå íá ðáñÝ÷ù
óôïí web server ðïõ Ý÷ù êÜðïéåò <filename>.jsp</filename> óåëßäåò, ãéá
ëïãáñéáóìü êÜðïéïõ ðåëÜôç ìïõ êáé Ýðñåðå íá êÜíù ôïí
<filename role="package">www/jakarta-tomcat</filename>
íá óõíåñãáóôåß ìå ôïí
<filename role="package">www/apache13</filename>
óôï FreeBSD óýóôçìÜ ìïõ.</para>
<para>Ôï óçìåßï åãêáôÜóôáóçò ôïõ Tomcat åßíáé ðïëý îåêÜèáñï, áëëÜ ç
äõóêïëßá ðïõ óõíÜíôçóá Þôáí óôï íá åãêáôáóôÞóù Ýíá ëåéôïõñãéêü Java
Development Kit ãéá ôï FreeBSD 4.X, êáèþò ç Sun Microsystems ðáñÝ÷åé
Binaries ìüíï ãéá ôá ëåéôïõñãéêÜ óõóôÞìáôá: Linux, Solaris, êáèþò êáé
Windows&nbsp;NT. Áõôü óçìáßíåé ðùò Ýðñåðå íá ìåôáãëùôôßóù ôï äéêü ìïõ
JDK ãéá ôï FreeBSD. Îåêßíçóá øÜ÷íïíôáò ãéá ó÷åôéêÞ ôåêìçñßùóç óôï
Internet. ÁíáêÜëõøá ó÷åôéêÜ ãñÞãïñá üôé èá ÷ñåéáóôþ åðéðëåüí ðçãáßï
êþäéêá, êáèþò êáé patches ãéá ôïí êýñéï ðçãáßï êþäéêá. Áöïý åß÷á
óõãêåíôñþóåé üôé ÷ñåéáæüìïõí üìùò, äåí åß÷á ðáñÜ åëÜ÷éóôç ôåêìçñßùóç ãéá
ôï ôé èá Ýðñåðå íá ãßíåé.</para>
<para>Óôï Üñèñï áõôü, èá áíáêáëýøåôå ðùò íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï Java
Development Kit ãéá ôï FreeBSD, êáèþò êáé ðùò íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ìéá
ëåéôïõñãéêÞ Ýêäïóç ôïõ Tomcat. Óáò ðáñÝ÷åôáé êáé ìéá ëßóôá ìå
<xref linkend="ref"> ãéá ðåñáéôÝñù áíÜãíùóç.</para>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<title>Ôï ÐåñéâÜëëïí Java</title>
<para>Âåâáéùèåßôå üôé Ý÷åôå ìéá åíçìåñùìÝíç óõëëïãÞ áðü ports êáèþò ôï
<command>make</command> èá áðïôý÷åé áí ðñïóðáèÞóåé íá ìåôáãëùôôßóåé
ðáëáéüôåñï ðçãáßï êþäéêá. Ìðïñåßôå íá áíáíåþóåôå ïëüêëçñç ôçí óõëëïãÞ
ôùí ports ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï <application>CVSup</application>.
ÄéáâÜóôå ôï <ulink url="../../books/handbook/cvsup.html">ó÷åôéêü
êåöÜëáéï ôïõ Åã÷åéñéäßïõ</ulink> ãéá ðåñéóóüôåñåò ðëçñïöïñßåò.
Ìðïñåßôå åðßóçò íá êáôåâÜóåôå ìüíïé óáò ôá ports ðïõ ÷ñåéÜæåóôå
áðü ôç äéåýèõíóç
<ulink url="&ftpurl;/pub/FreeBSD/branches/-current/ports/"></ulink>
ðñéí îåêéíÞóåôå ôçí äéáäéêáóßá åãêáôÜóôáóçò.</para>
<note>
<para>Èá ÷ñåéáóôåßôå õðïóôÞñéîç óôïí ðõñÞíá óáò ãéá <literal>Åîïìïßùóç
Linux</literal> (Linux-ABI). ÁðëÜ ðñïóèÝóôå ôçí áêüëïõèç åðéëïãÞ
óôï áñ÷åßï ñýèìéóçò ôïõ ðõñÞíá óáò êáé ìåôáãëùôôßóôå ôïí îáíÜ. Ïäçãßåò
ãéá ôç ìåôáãëþôôéóç ôïõ ðõñÞíá ìðïñåßôå íá âñåßôå óôï
<ulink URL="../../books/handbook/">Åã÷åéñßäéï ôïõ FreeBSD</ulink>:</para>
<programlisting>options COMPAT_LINUX</programlisting>
<para>Ç ðáñáðÜíù åðéëïãÞ èá ðñïóèÝóåé ôçí õðïóôÞñéîç Linux-ABI óôïí
ðõñÞíá óáò.</para>
</note>
<para>Ç ðáñáêÜôù ëßóôá õðï÷ñåùôéêþí åîáñôÞóåùí ðñÝðåé íá éêáíïðïéçèåß áðü
åóÜò ÷ùñßò áõôüìáôï ôñüðï êáé ìå ôç äïóìÝíç óåéñÜ. Ïé åîáñôÞóåéò ðïõ
éêáíïðïéïýíôáé ìå áõôüìáôï ôñüðï äåí ðåñéÝ÷ïíôáé åäþ.</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para><filename role="package">java/jdk13</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename role="package">java/linux-jdk13</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename role="package">archivers/gtar</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename role="package">archivers/bzip2</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename role="package">archivers/unzip</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename role="package">archivers/zip</filename></para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>Èá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá áðïêôÞóåôå ôá áêüëïõèá:</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>ÊáôåâÜóôå ôï áñ÷åßï
<filename>bsd-jdk131-patches-5.tar.gz</filename>
áðü ôç äéåýèõíóç
<ulink url="http://www.eyesbeyond.com/freebsddom/java/jdk13.html"></ulink>
êáé ôïðïèåôÞóôå ôï êÜôù áðü ôï öÜêåëï
<filename>/usr/ports/distfiles</filename>.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Óôç óõíÝ÷åéá áíïßîôå ôïí web browser êáé åðéóêåöèåßôå ôç
äéåýèõíóç
<ulink url="http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.3/download-linux.html"></ulink>
üðïõ èá âñåßôå ôá SDK downloads. ÐáôÞóôå óôï êïõìðß
<quote>continue</quote> êÜôù áðü ôï <quote>GNUZIP Tar Shell
Script</quote>. ÄéáâÜóôå êÜèå ëÝîç áðü ôçí Üäåéá ðñéí áðïöáóßóåôå íá
ðáôÞóåôå ôï êïõìðß <quote>Accept</quote>! Èá ìåôáöåñèåßôå óå ìéá
óåëßäá ìå ôßôëï <quote>Download Java(TM) 2 SDK, Standard Edition
1.3.1_02</quote>. Ìåôáâåßôå óôï ôÝëïò ôçò óåëßäáò êáé ðéÝóôå ôï
êïõìðß <quote>HTTP download</quote>. ¼ôáí åìöáíéóôåß ôï ðáñÜèõñï
<quote>ÁðïèÞêåõóç ùò</quote>, óéãïõñåõôåßôå üôé èá ðéÝóåôå ôï êïõìðß
<quote>¶íïéãìá</quote> áíôß ãéá ôï êïõìðß <quote>ÁðïèÞêåõóç</quote>.
Èá åìöáíéóôåß Ýíá áêüìá ðáñÜèõñï
<quote>ÁðïèÞêåõóç ùò</quote>&mdash;áõôÞ ôç öïñÜ åðéëÝîôå
<quote>ÁðïèÞêåõóç</quote> êáé èá åßóôå óå èÝóç íá áðïèçêåýóåôå ôï
áñ÷åßï <filename>j2sdk-1_3_1_02-linux-i386.bin</filename>.
Áðïèçêåýóôå êé áõôü ôï áñ÷åßï óôï öÜêåëï
<filename>/usr/ports/distfiles</filename>.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Ðçãáßíåôå óôç äéåýèõíóç
<ulink url="http://www.sun.com/software/java2/download.html"></ulink>.
Óôïí ðßíáêá, êÜôù áðü ôï <literal>Produce Description</literal>, ìå
ôßôëï <literal>Java 2 SDK 1.3.1</literal>, ðáôÞóôå óôï êïõìðß
<literal>download</literal> ðïõ âñßóêåôáé óôï äåîß êåëß. Èá
ìåôáöåñèåßôå óå ìéá óåëßäá ìå ôßôëï <quote>Sign On</quote>, üðïõ èá
ðñÝðåé íá óõíäåèåßôå áí Ý÷åôå Þäç Ýíá ëïãáñéáóìü Þ íá åããñáöåßôå ãéá
íá áðïêôÞóåôå ðñüóâáóç. ¼ôáí óõíäåèåßôå, èá ìåôáöåñèåßôå óå ìéá
<quote>Legal</quote> óåëßäá, óôçí ïðïßá èá ðñÝðåé íá áðïäå÷èåßôå
ôïõò üñïõò Üäåéáò: Ìåôáâåßôå óôï êÜôù ìÝñïò ôçò óåëßäáò (äéáâÜæïíôáò
ôáõôü÷ñïíá ôçí Üäåéá) êáé ðáôÞóôå óôï êïõìðß
<quote>Continue</quote>. Ç åðüìåíç óåëßäá åßíáé ç
<quote>Receipt</quote>. Åäþ åßíáé ôï óçìåßï ðïõ èá áðïèçêåýóåôå ôïí
áñéèìü ðáñáããåëßáò óáò. Èá óáò äïèåß ç äõíáôüôçôá íá åðéëÝîåôå ìéá
ðåñéï÷Þ ðïõ âñßóêåôáé ó÷åôéêÜ êïíôÜ óå åóÜò. ÐáôÞóôå óôï êïõìðß
<quote>Java 2 SDK, Standard Edition, version 1.3.1</quote>.
Áðïèçêåýóôå ôï áñ÷åßï <filename>j2sdk-1_3_1-src.tar.gz</filename>
êÜôù áðü ôï öÜêåëï
<filename>/usr/ports/distfiles/</filename>.</para>
</step>
</procedure>
<note>
<para>Âåâáéùèåßôå üôé èá äéáâÜóåôå ôçí Üäåéá ÷ñÞóçò ðïõ Ý÷åé åêäïèåß áðü
ôçí Sun Microsystems Corp. ÕðÜñ÷ïõí áñêåôïß ðåñéïñéóìïß óôçí ÷ñÞóç
ôçò Java óôïõò ïðïßïõò êáëåßóôå íá óõììïñöùèåßôå. Ôï FreeBSD project
äåí áíáëáìâÜíåé êáììßá åõèýíç ãéá ôéò ðñÜîåéò óáò.</para>
<para>Ìç óâÞóåôå êáíÝíá áðü ôá áñ÷åßá ðïõ Ý÷åôå êáôåâÜóåé ùò ôþñá,
êáèþò ÷ñåéÜæïíôáé ãéá ôç ìåôáãëþôôéóç ìåñéêþí native ports ôïõ
FreeBSD, êÜôé ðïõ èá äïýìå óôç óõíÝ÷åéá ôïõ êåéìÝíïõ.</para>
</note>
<para>Ôþñá, áöïý Ý÷åôå óõãêåíôñþóåé üëï ôïí ðçãáßï êþäéêá êáèþò êáé ôá
ports ìðïñåßôå íá îåêéíÞóåôå ôç ìåôáãëþôôéóç ôïõ
<filename role="package">java/linux-jdk13</filename>:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/archivers/gtar; make all install clean
&prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/archivers/unzip; make all install clean
&prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/archivers/zip; make all install clean</screen>
<para>Êáé ôÝëïò:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/java/linux-jdk13
&prompt.root; make all install clean</screen>
<para>¼ôáí ôåëåéþóåé ç äéáäéêáóßá ìåôáãëþôôéóçò ôïõ
<filename role="package">java/linux-jdk13</filename>,
èá ðñÝðåé íá åëÝãîåôå ôç óùóôÞ ëåéôïõñãßá ôïõ. Ãéá íá ôï êÜíåôå áõôü
äïêéìÜóôå ôá áêüëïõèá:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; cd /usr/local/linux-jdk1.3.1/bin
&prompt.root; ./java -version</screen>
<para>Ç Ýîïäïò ôçò ðáñáðÜíù åíôïëÞò èá ðñÝðåé íá åßíáé ç áêüëïõèç:</para>
<programlisting>java version "1.3.1_02"
Java(TM) 2 Runtime Environment, Standard Edition (build 1.3.1_02-b02)
Classic VM (build 1.3.1_02-b02, green threads, nojit)</programlisting>
<para>Áí äåí ðÞñáôå ôçí óùóôÞ áðüêñéóç, èá ðñÝðåé íá êÜíåôå ôá
åîÞò:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/java/linux-jdk13
&prompt.root; make deinstall</screen>
<para>Êáé ýóôåñá óéãïõñåõôåßôå üôé ï öÜêåëïò
<filename>/usr/local</filename> äåí ðåñéÝ÷åé ôïí õðïöÜêåëï
<filename>linux-jdk1.3.1</filename>. Áí âñåßôå ôïí
õðïöÜêåëï áõôü, óâÞóôå ôïí. ÅðáíáëÜâåôå ôç äéáäéêáóßá ìåôáãëþôôéóçò êáé
åãêáôÜóôáóçò ãéá ôï ðáêÝôï
<filename role="package">java/linux-jdk13</filename>.</para>
<para>Ãéá íá ìåôáãëùôôßóåôå ôï native <literal>Java Development Kit
1.3.1</literal> ãéá ôï FreeBSD, êÜíôå ôá áêüëïõèá:</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Óéãïõñåõôåßôå üôé ôï áñ÷åßï
<filename>j2sdk-1_3_1-src.tar.gz</filename> âñßóêåôáé óôïí öÜêåëï
<filename>/usr/ports/distfiles</filename>. Ôï áñ÷åßï áõôü
÷ñåéÜæåôáé ãéá ôçí åöáñìïãÞ ôùí <quote>patch-sets</quote> ðïõ èá
äïýìå ðáñáêÜôù.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Èá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá êáôåâÜóåôå ôï <literal>patch set</literal> ãéá
ôç ìåôáãëþôôéóç ôïõ port. Ôï áñ÷åßï áõôü ïíïìÜæåôáé
<filename>bsd-jdk131-patches-6.tar.gz</filename>.
Èá ðñÝðåé åðßóçò íá âåâáéùèåßôå ãéá ôçí áêåñáéüôçôá ôïõ áñ÷åßïõ
ôáñéÜæïíôáò ôï ìå ôï áêüëïõèï <acronym>MD5</acronym>
checksum.</para>
<programlisting>
MD5 (bsd-jdk131-patches-6.tar.gz) = 9cade10b81d6034fdd2176bef32bdbf9</programlisting>
<para>Ôï patch-set åßíáé äéáèÝóéìï óôç äéåýèõíóç:
<ulink url="http://www.eyesbeyond.com/freebsddom/java/index.html"></ulink></para>
</step>
</procedure>
<para>Ç ôåëåõôáßá áõôÞ äéáäéêáóßá ðïõ ìüëéò åßäáìå (ç ìåôáãëþôôéóç ôïõ
native <literal>jdk</literal>) èá ðÜñåé áñêåôü ÷ñüíï.</para>
</sect1>
<sect1>
<title>ÅãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ Jakarta Tomcat</title>
<sect2>
<title>Ðåñßëçøç</title>
<para>Ç Java ãßíåôáé óôáäéáêÜ üëï êáé ðéï äçìïöéëÞò ãéá ôç äçìéïõñãßá
ðïéêßëùí êáé åðéäå÷üìåíùí êëéìÜêùóçò, áíåîáñôÞôùí áðü ðëáôöüñìá
ëýóåùí. Ìéá áðü ôéò ðéï Ýíôïíá áõîáíüìåíåò áíÜãêåò ôçò Java âñßóêåôáé
óôïí ôïìÝá ôïõ <acronym>ASP</acronym> (Application Service Provider).
Ç Java ðñïóöÝñåôáé óáí ç ôÝëåéá ëýóç óå ôÝôïéïõ åßäïõò áãïñÝò Ý÷ïíôáò
ôá áêüëïõèá ðñïôåñÞìáôá:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Áíåîáñôçóßá ðëáôöüñìáò</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Áöïóßùóç óôá õðÜñ÷ïíôá ðñüôõðá</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>ÌåãÜëç äõíáôüôçôá êëéìÜêùóçò</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>ÓõíÝðåéá óôçí áðüäïóç</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>ÊáôáíåìçìÝíåò, ðïëõíçìáôéêÝò, áóöáëåßò êôë.
åöáñìïãÝò</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>Ìéá ðïëý óçìáíôéêÞ êáé áíáðôõóóüìåíç ôå÷íïëïãßá ðïõ áíáäýèçêå ìÝóá
áðü ôçí Java åßíáé ç <acronym>JSP</acronym> (JavaServer Pages).</para>
<para>Ïé <acronym>JSP</acronym> (JavaServer Pages) åßíáé ìéá server-side
ôå÷íïëïãßá ðïõ ðáñïõóéÜóôçêå áðü ôçí Sun Microsystems
Corp., êáé ðáñÝ÷åé Ýíá ãñÞãïñï êáé áðëü ôñüðï ãéá ôçí
ðáñáãùãÞ äõíáìéêïý ðåñéå÷ïìÝíïõ ìÝóá áðü <acronym>HTML</acronym>
óåëßäåò. ×ñçóéìïðïéåß <acronym>XML</acronym> tags ìáæß ìå Java
scriptlets ãéá íá åíóùìáôþóåé êáé íá äéá÷ùñßóåé Ýôóé ôç ëïãéêÞ áðü ôïí
áéóèçôéêü ó÷åäéáóìü êáé åìöÜíéóç. ¼ôáí êáëåßôáé ìéá
<acronym>JSP</acronym> óåëßäá, ìåôáôñÝðåôáé äõíáìéêÜ óå Ýíá Servlet ôï
ïðïßï åðåîåñãÜæåôáé áðü ôïí server ãéá íá ðáñá÷èåß ç ôåëéêÞ
<acronym>HTML/XML</acronym> óåëßäá ðïõ èá äåß ï client. ¼ôáí ç
<acronym>JSP</acronym> ôå÷íïëïãßá ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé óå óõíäõáóìü ìå ôçí
ôå÷íïëïãßá JavaBeans, åßíáé äõíáôü íá ðáñá÷èïýí ðïéêéëüìïñöåò êáé
åðéäå÷üìåíåò ìåãÜëçò êëéìÜêùóçò åöáñìïãÝò, ïé ïðïßåò ìðïñïýí íá
óõíäõáóôïýí ìå ôçí äýíáìç êáé ôçí áðüäïóç ôïõ FreeBSD.</para>
<para>Ï <application>Tomcat</application> åßíáé ìéá open-source åöáñìïãÞ
ôùí ðñïäéáãñáöþí ôùí ôå÷íïëïãéþí Java Servlets êáé JavaServer Pages,
ðïõ áíáðôýóóåôáé êÜôù áðü áðü ôï Jakarta project óôï Apache Software
Foundation. Ï Tomcat åöáñìüæåé Ýíá íÝï Servlet framework (ïíïìáæüìåíï
Catalina) ðïõ óôçñßæåôáé åðÜíù óå ìéá åíôåëþò íÝá áñ÷éôåêôïíéêÞ ìå
âÜóç ôéò Servlet 2.3 and <acronym>JSP</acronym> 1.2 ðñïäéáãñáöÝò.
ÐåñéëáìâÜíåé ðïëëÝò íÝåò äõíáôüôçôåò ðïõ ôïí áíÜãïõí óå ìéá ÷ñÞóéìç
ðëáôöüñìá ãéá ôçí äçìéïõñãßá áëëÜ êáé áíÜðôõîç åöáñìïãþí áëëÜ êáé
õðçñåóéþí web. Ìå ëßãá ëüãéá, ï Tomcat åßíáé Ýíáò äéáêïìéóôÞò
åöáñìïãþí ãñáììÝíïò óå 100% êáèáñÞ Java.</para>
<para>Ï Tomcat ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé ãéá ðïëëïýò óêïðïýò, êáé äåí ðåñéïñßæåôáé
ìüíï óôç ÷ñÞóç ôïõ ùò äéáêïìéóôÞò åöáñìïãþí. ÐáñÝ÷åé ìéá áíïé÷ôÞ
ðëáôöüñìá ãéá ôçí äçìéïõñãßá åðåêôÜóéìùí õðçñåóéþí web áëëÜ êáé
õðçñåóéþí content management. Ç ÷ñÞóç ôïõ Tomcat óå óõíäõáóìü ìå Ýíá
âåëôéóôïðïéçìÝíï FreeBSD óýóôçìá, ìðïñåß íá ðáñÝ÷åé ðïëý óõíåðåßò áëëÜ
êáé õøçëþí ñõèìþí åîõðçñÝôçóçò õðçñåóßåò.</para>
<para>Ðáñáêáëþ áíáôñÝîôå óôç ëßóôá ìå ôéò <xref linkend="ref"> ãéá
ðåñéóóüôåñåò ðëçñïöïñßåò ó÷åôéêÜ ìå ôïí Tomcat êáé ôçí
<acronym>JSP</acronym> ôå÷íïëïãßá. ÐáñáêÜôù èá äïýìå ðùò ìðïñåßôå íá
åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï <quote>ÐåñéâÜëëïí Tomcat</quote> óôï FreeBSD. Ç
Ýêäïóç ôïõ Tomcat ðïõ ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé óôïí ïäçãü áõôü åßíáé ç
<literal>4.0.3</literal>. Óôçí Ýêäïóç áõôÞ ðåñéÝ÷ïíôáé ìåãÜëá bug
fixes, áëëÜ êáé ïé áêüëïõèåò áíáíåþóåéò/áëëáãÝò:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para><literal>Õëïðïßçóç ðñïäéáãñáöþí ôïõ JSP 1.2</literal></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><literal>Õëïðïßçóç ðñïäéáãñáöþí ôïõ Java Servlet 2.3</literal></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><literal>ÐëÞñçò óõìâáôüôçôá ìå ôéò ðáëáéüôåñåò Java
Servlet 2.2 êáé JSP 1.1 ðñïäéáãñáöÝò</literal></para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Ôï ðåñéâÜëëïí Tomcat ãéá ôï FreeBSD</title>
<para>Ç åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ Tomcat óôï FreeBSD åßíáé ðïëý åýêïëç åöüóïí Ý÷åé
óôçèåß ðñþôá ôï áðáñáßôçôï ðåñéâÜëëïí Java, êÜôé ðïõ Ý÷ïõìå Þäç
êÜíåé.</para>
<para>Ãéá íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôïí Tomcat óôï FreeBSD, áêïëïõèÞóôå ôá
ðáñáêÜôù âÞìáôá:</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>ÁêïëïõèÞóôå ôá ðáñáêÜôù âÞìáôá ãéá ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ
áðáñáßôçôïõ ðåñéâÜëëïíôïò Java.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Äçëþóôå ôç ìåôáâëçôÞ ðåñéâÜëëïíôïò <envar>JAVA_HOME</envar> ç
ïðïßá, èá ðñÝðåé íá äåß÷íåé óôï öÜêåëï üðïõ Ý÷åôå åãêáôáóôÞóåé ôï
JDK (ôï ðáñáêÜôù ðáñÜäåéãìá äåß÷íåé óå Ýíá native build ôïõ
JDK ãéá C êÝëõöïò):</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; setenv JAVA_HOME /usr/local/jdk1.3.1</screen>
<para>ÁõôÞ ç ìåôáâëçôÞ ðåñéâÜëëïíôïò èá ðñÝðåé íá ãßíåé ìüíéìç ìå
ôçí ðñïóèÞêç ôçò ðáñáðÜíù åíôïëÞò åßôå óôï
<filename>.profile</filename> åßôå óôï
<filename>.cshrc</filename>, áíÜëïãá ìå ôï ðïéü êÝëõöïò
÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå. Ç ìåôáâëçôÞ áõôÞ åßíáé ðïëý óçìáíôéêÞ ãéá ôç
ëåéôïõñãßá ôùí Java âáóéóìÝíùí ðñïãñáììÜôùí, üðùò êáé ôïõ ßäéïõ
ôïõ Tomcat.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>ÊáôåâÜóôå ôçí <quote>binary äéáíïìÞ</quote> ôïõ Tomcat áðü ôï
Jakarta website, ðïõ èá âñåßôå óôç äéåýèõíóç <ulink
url="&tomcat403"></ulink>. Ôï áñ÷åßï ðïõ èá ðñÝðåé íá êáôåâÜóåôå
ëÝãåôáé
<filename>jakarta-tomcat-4.0.3.tar.gz</filename>.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Ôï óõìðéåóìÝíï êáé áñ÷åéïèåôçìÝíï áñ÷åßï ðïõ êáôåâÜóáìå óôï
ðñïçãïýìåíï âÞìá ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß åéäéêÝò <quote>GNU
Extensions</quote>. Ãéá íá ôï êÜíåôå <quote>untar</quote> êáé íá
ôï áðïóõìðéÝóåôå èá ðñÝðåé íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï ðáêÝôï GNU Tar
(<filename role="package">archivers/gtar</filename>), êÜíïíôáò ôá
áêüëïõèá:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; cd /usr/ports/archivers/gtar &amp;&amp; make all install clean</screen>
</step>
<step>
<para>ÊÜíôå untar êáé áðïóõìðéÝóôå ôï áñ÷åßï
<filename>jakarta-tomcat-4.0.3.tar.gz</filename> ìÝóá óôï
öÜêåëï <filename>/usr/local</filename> êáé ìåôïíïìÜóôå ôïí
ðáñáãüìåíï õðïöÜêåëï óå <filename>tomcat-4.0</filename>
ãéá åýêïëç áíáöïñÜ:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; cd /usr/local
&prompt.root; gtar zxvf jakarta-tomcat-4.0.3.tar.gz
&prompt.root; ls jakarta*
jakarta-tomcat-4.0.3
&prompt.root; mv jakarta-tomcat-4.0.3 tomcat-4.0</screen>
<para>Ìðïñåßôå ðëÝïí íá óâÞóåôå ôï áñ÷åßï
<filename>jakarta-tomcat-4.0.3.tar.gz</filename> áí ôï
åðéèõìåßôå.</para>
</step>
</procedure>
<note>
<para>Ç åãêáôÜóôáóç ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôïí ðçãáßï êþäéêá åßíáé
ðñïò ôï ðáñüí åêôüò ôçò åìâÝëåéáò ôïõ ôñÝ÷ïíôïò
êåéìÝíïõ. Ðáñáêáëþ, áíáôñÝîôå óôá áêüëïõèá áñ÷åßá ãéá
ðåñáéôÝñù ðëçñïöïñßåò üóïí áöïñÜ ôçí ìåôáãëþôôéóç áðü ôïí
ðçãáßï êþäéêá. Ôá áñ÷åßá áõôÜ åßíáé äéáèÝóéìá óôïí öÜêåëï
äéáíïìÞò ôïõ Tomcat:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para><filename>/usr/local/tomcat-4.0/README.txt</filename></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>/usr/local/tomcat-4.0/BUILDING.txt</filename></para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</note>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Ëåéôïõñãßá ôïõ Tomcat - ÂáóéêÝò Ðëçñïöïñßåò</title>
<para>¸÷ïõìå ðëÝïí ôåëåéþóåé ìå ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ Tomcat. Ôï áêüëïõèï
ðáñÜäåéãìá äåß÷íåé ðùò íá îåêéíÞóåôå ôïí Tomcat server:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; cd /usr/local/tomcat-4.0/bin
&prompt.root; ./startup.sh (ãéá íá îåêéíÞóåôå ôïí Tomcat)</screen>
<para>Ìðïñåßôå íá äïêéìÜóåôå áí Ý÷åé îåêéíÞóåé ï Tomcat server
åðéóêåðôüìåíïé ôï áêüëïõèï URL:
<literal>http://127.0.0.1:8080</literal> Þ
<literal>http://localhost:8080</literal>.
Ãéá íá óôáìáôÞóåôå ôïí Tomcat êÜíôå ôá áêüëïõèá:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; cd /usr/local/tomcat-4.0/bin
&prompt.root; ./shutdown.sh</screen>
<para>Ôá <filename>startup.sh</filename> êáé
<filename>shutdown.sh</filename> åßíáé frontends ôïõ
<filename>catalina.sh</filename> åêôåëÝóéìïõ script óôïí ßäéï öÜêåëï:
Áí èÝëåôå íá îåêéíÜåé ï Tomcat áõôüìáôá êáôÜ ôçí åêêßíçóç åêôåëÝóôå ôá
áêüëïõèá:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; cd /usr/local/etc/rc.d
&prompt.root; ln -s /usr/local/tomcat-4.0/bin/catalina.sh</screen>
<para>Äéïñèþóôå ôï <filename>catalina.sh</filename>, êáé ðñïóèÝóôå ôá
áêüëïõèá óôçí áñ÷Þ ôïõ áñ÷åßïõ (ìåôÜ áðü ôï êïõôß ìå ôá
ó÷üëéá):</para>
<programlisting>JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.3.1</programlisting>
<para>Áí ç èýñá <literal>8080</literal> åßíáé áðáó÷ïëçìÝíç áðü êÜðïéá
Üëëç õðçñåóßá, ìðïñåßôå íá ôçí áëëÜîåôå äéïñèþíïíôáò ôï áñ÷åßï
<filename>server.xml</filename> ðïõ âñßóêåôáé óôïí õðïöÜêåëï
<filename>conf/</filename> ôïõ Tomcat. Óôï ðáñáêÜôù ðáñÜäåéãìá, ç èýñá
èá áëëá÷èåß óôçí 80, èåùñþíôáò üôé äåí õðÜñ÷åé êÜðïéá Üëëç õðçñåóßá
ðïõ ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß ôç èýñá áõôÞ.</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; cd /usr/local/tomcat-4.0/conf
&prompt.root; fgrep -n 8080 server.xml
~65: By default, a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector is established on port 8080.
~89: port="8080" minProcessors="5" maxProcessors="75"
&prompt.root; cat server.xml | sed s/8080/80/ > server.xml.new
&prompt.root; mv server.xml.new server.xml</screen>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="ref" xreflabel="reference">
<title>ÁíáöïñÝò</title>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="1">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>
<ulink url="&wwwurl;/java">The FreeBSD Java Project</ulink>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>
<ulink url="http://java.sun.com">JavaSoft. Home of Java</ulink>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>
<ulink
url="&sunurl;/software/communitysource/java2/licensing.html">The
Sun Community Source Licensing for Java</ulink>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>
<ulink url="&tomcaturl">Jakarta Tomcat Homepage</ulink>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>
<ulink url="http://java.sun.com/docs/index.html">J2SE
Documentation</ulink>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>
<ulink url="&wwwurl;/ports/java.html">FreeBSD Ports - Java
Section</ulink>
</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</informaltable>
<sect2>
<title>ÓõìðåñÜóìáôá</title>
<para>ÖôÜíïíôáò óôï ôÝëïò áõôïý ôïõ Üñèñïõ Ý÷ïõìå ìéá ëåéôïõñãéêÞ Ýêäïóç
ôïõ Tomcat. Åëðßæïõìå üôé ìÜèáôå ôá âáóéêÜ óôÜäéá ðïõ ÷ñåéÜæïíôáé ãéá
ôç ìåôáãëþôôéóç êáé åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ Java Development Kit óôï FreeBSD,
êáèþò êáé ãéá ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ Tomcat binary distribution
application server ðïõ Ý÷åé åêäïèåß áðü ôï Apache Software Foundation.
Ç ëßóôá ìå ôéò <xref linkend="ref"> ðåñéÝ÷åé äåßêôåò óå åðéðñüóèåôåò
ðçãÝò ðëçñïöïñßáò åðÜíù óôá èÝìáôá áõôÜ, êÜðïéåò áðü ôéò ïðïßåò
âñßóêïíôáé óå Ýíôõðç ìïñöÞ, Üëëåò óôïí ðáãêüóìéï éóôü Þ êáé óôá
äýï.</para>
<para>Ôï ðéï óçìáíôéêü èÝìá åßíáé íá õðÜñ÷åé ÷þñïò óôï óýóôçìá. Ðñïôåßíù
íá Ý÷åôå 700&nbsp;MB Þ ðåñéóóüôåñá åëåýèåñï ÷þñï óôï öÜêåëï
<filename>/usr</filename>. Åëðßæù ôï Üñèñï áõôü íá óáò âïÞèçóå
êáôÜ Ýíá ìéêñü ôñüðï. ÅñùôÞóåéò, ó÷üëéá Þ óõã÷áñçôÞñéá ìðïñåßôå íá
óôÝëíåôå óôç äéåýèõíóç <ulink url="mailto:vkchan@kendryl.net">Victoria
Chan</ulink>.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
</article>