White space fix only. Translators can ignore.
Sponsored by: iXsystems
This commit is contained in:
Dru Lavigne
parent
14f6f9faeb
commit
1951bf0bf6
Notes:
svn2git
2020-12-08 03:00:23 +00:00
svn path=/head/; revision=43874
1 changed files with 139 additions and 141 deletions
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@ -110,14 +110,15 @@
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<indexterm><primary>language codes</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>country codes</primary></indexterm>
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<para>The <replaceable>LanguageCode</replaceable> and <replaceable>CountryCode</replaceable> are used
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to determine the country
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and the specific language
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variation. <xref linkend="locale-lang-country"/> provides some
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examples of <replaceable>LanguageCode</replaceable>_<replaceable>CountryCode</replaceable>:</para>
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<para>The <replaceable>LanguageCode</replaceable> and
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<replaceable>CountryCode</replaceable> are used to determine
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the country and the specific language variation. <xref
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linkend="locale-lang-country"/> provides some examples of
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<replaceable>LanguageCode</replaceable>_<replaceable>CountryCode</replaceable>:</para>
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<table xml:id="locale-lang-country" frame="none" pgwide="1">
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<title>Common Language and Country Codes</title>
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<tgroup cols="2">
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<thead>
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<row>
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@ -148,10 +149,10 @@
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<indexterm><primary>encodings</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>ASCII</primary></indexterm>
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<para>Some languages, such as Chinese or Japanese, cannot be represented using ASCII characters
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and require an extended language encoding using either
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wide or multibyte characters. Older applications
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may mistake these encodings for control
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<para>Some languages, such as Chinese or Japanese, cannot be
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represented using ASCII characters and require an extended
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language encoding using either wide or multibyte characters.
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Older applications may mistake these encodings for control
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characters while newer applications usually recognize 8-bit
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characters. Depending on the implementation, users may be
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required to compile an application with wide or multibyte
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@ -161,13 +162,13 @@
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considerations for finding or compiling applications with i18n
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support.</para>
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<para>A complete listing of available locales can be found by
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<para>A complete listing of available locales can be found by
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typing:</para>
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<screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>locale -a | more</userinput></screen>
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<para>To determine the current locale setting:</para>
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<screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>locale</userinput></screen>
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<sect2 xml:id="setting-locale">
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@ -186,8 +187,7 @@
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para><envar>LANG</envar>, which sets the locale<indexterm>
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<primary>POSIX</primary>
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</indexterm></para>
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<primary>POSIX</primary></indexterm></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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@ -203,46 +203,44 @@
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specific application configuration and
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<application>Xorg</application> configuration.</para>
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<indexterm><primary>locale</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>login class</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>locale</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>login class</primary></indexterm>
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<para>Two methods are available for making the needed variable
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assignments: the
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<link linkend="login-class">login class</link> method, which
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is the recommended method, and the
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<link linkend="startup-file">startup file</link> method.
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The next two sections demonstrate how to use both methods.</para>
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<para>Two methods are available for making the needed variable
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assignments: the <link linkend="login-class">login
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class</link> method, which is the recommended method, and
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the <link linkend="startup-file">startup file</link> method.
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The next two sections demonstrate how to use both
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methods.</para>
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<sect3 xml:id="login-class">
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<title>Login Classes Method</title>
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<sect3 xml:id="login-class">
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<title>Login Classes Method</title>
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<para>This first method is the recommended method as it
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assigns the required environment variables for
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locale name and MIME character sets
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for every possible shell.
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This setup can either be
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performed by each user or it can be configured for all users by the
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superuser.</para>
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<para>This first method is the recommended method as it
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assigns the required environment variables for locale name
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and MIME character sets for every possible shell. This
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setup can either be performed by each user or it can be
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configured for all users by the superuser.</para>
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<para>This minimal example sets both variables for
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Latin-1 encoding in the
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<filename>.login_conf</filename> of an individual user's
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home directory:</para>
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<para>This minimal example sets both variables for Latin-1
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encoding in the <filename>.login_conf</filename> of an
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individual user's home directory:</para>
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<programlisting>me:\
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<programlisting>me:\
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:charset=ISO-8859-1:\
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:lang=de_DE.ISO8859-1:</programlisting>
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<indexterm><primary>Traditional Chinese</primary>
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<secondary>BIG-5 encoding</secondary></indexterm>
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<para>Here is an example of a user's
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<filename>~/.login_conf</filename> that sets the variables
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for Traditional Chinese in BIG-5 encoding. More
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variables are needed because some applications do not
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correctly respect locale variables for Chinese,
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Japanese, and Korean:</para>
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<indexterm><primary>Traditional Chinese</primary>
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<secondary>BIG-5 encoding</secondary></indexterm>
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<programlisting>#Users who do not wish to use monetary units or time formats
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<para>Here is an example of a user's
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<filename>~/.login_conf</filename> that sets the variables
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for Traditional Chinese in BIG-5 encoding. More variables
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are needed because some applications do not correctly
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respect locale variables for Chinese, Japanese, and
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Korean:</para>
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<programlisting>#Users who do not wish to use monetary units or time formats
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#of Taiwan can manually change each variable
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me:\
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:lang=zh_TW.Big5:\
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@ -256,103 +254,108 @@ me:\
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:charset=big5:\
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:xmodifiers="@im=gcin": #Set gcin as the XIM Input Server</programlisting>
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<para>Alternately, the superuser can configure all users of the system for localization. The following variables in
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<filename>/etc/login.conf</filename> are used to set the locale and
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MIME character sete:</para>
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<para>Alternately, the superuser can configure all users of
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the system for localization. The following variables in
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<filename>/etc/login.conf</filename> are used to set the
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locale and MIME character sete:</para>
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<programlisting><replaceable>language_name</replaceable>|<replaceable>Account Type Description</replaceable>:\
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<programlisting><replaceable>language_name</replaceable>|<replaceable>Account Type Description</replaceable>:\
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:charset=<replaceable>MIME_charset</replaceable>:\
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:lang=<replaceable>locale_name</replaceable>:\
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:tc=default:</programlisting>
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<para>So, the previous Latin-1 example would look like
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this:</para>
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<para>So, the previous Latin-1 example would look like
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this:</para>
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<programlisting>german|German Users Accounts:\
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<programlisting>german|German Users Accounts:\
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:charset=ISO-8859-1:\
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:lang=de_DE.ISO8859-1:\
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:tc=default:</programlisting>
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<para>See &man.login.conf.5; for more
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details about these variables.</para>
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<para>See &man.login.conf.5; for more details about these
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variables.</para>
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<para>Whenever <filename>/etc/login.conf</filename> is edited, remember to execute the following
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command to update the capability database:</para>
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<para>Whenever <filename>/etc/login.conf</filename> is edited,
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remember to execute the following command to update the
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capability database:</para>
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<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cap_mkdb /etc/login.conf</userinput></screen>
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<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cap_mkdb /etc/login.conf</userinput></screen>
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<sect4>
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<title>Utilities Which Change Login Classes</title>
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<sect4>
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<title>Utilities Which Change Login Classes</title>
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<indexterm>
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<primary><command>vipw</command></primary>
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</indexterm>
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<para>In addition to manually editing
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<filename>/etc/login.conf</filename>, several utilities
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are available for setting the locale for newly created
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users.</para>
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<indexterm>
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<primary><command>vipw</command></primary>
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</indexterm>
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<para>When using <command>vipw</command> to add new users,
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specify the <replaceable>language</replaceable> to set the
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locale:</para>
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<para>In addition to manually editing
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<filename>/etc/login.conf</filename>, several utilities
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are available for setting the locale for newly created
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users.</para>
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<programlisting>user:password:1111:11:<replaceable>language</replaceable>:0:0:User Name:/home/user:/bin/sh</programlisting>
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<para>When using <command>vipw</command> to add new users,
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specify the <replaceable>language</replaceable> to set the
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locale:</para>
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<indexterm>
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<primary><command>adduser</command></primary>
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</indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>login class</primary></indexterm>
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<para>When using <command>adduser</command> to add new
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users, the default language can be pre-configured for
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all new users or specified for an individual user.</para>
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<programlisting>user:password:1111:11:<replaceable>language</replaceable>:0:0:User Name:/home/user:/bin/sh</programlisting>
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<para>If all new users use the same language, set
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<literal>defaultclass =
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language</literal> in
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<filename>/etc/adduser.conf</filename>.</para>
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<indexterm>
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<primary><command>adduser</command></primary>
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</indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>login class</primary></indexterm>
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<para>To override this setting when creating a
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user, either input the required locale at
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this prompt:</para>
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<para>When using <command>adduser</command> to add new
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users, the default language can be pre-configured for all
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new users or specified for an individual user.</para>
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<screen><prompt>Enter login class: default []:</prompt></screen>
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<para>If all new users use the same language, set
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<literal>defaultclass = language</literal> in
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<filename>/etc/adduser.conf</filename>.</para>
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<para>or specify the locale to set when invoking
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<command>adduser</command>:</para>
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<para>To override this setting when creating a user, either
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input the required locale at this prompt:</para>
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<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>adduser -class language</userinput></screen>
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<screen><prompt>Enter login class: default []:</prompt></screen>
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<indexterm>
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<primary><command>pw</command></primary>
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</indexterm>
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<para>If <command>pw</command> is used to add new users, specify the
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locale as follows:</para>
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<para>or specify the locale to set when invoking
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<command>adduser</command>:</para>
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<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pw useradd user_name -L language</userinput></screen>
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<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>adduser -class language</userinput></screen>
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<indexterm>
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<primary><command>pw</command></primary>
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</indexterm>
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<para>If <command>pw</command> is used to add new users,
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specify the locale as follows:</para>
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<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pw useradd user_name -L language</userinput></screen>
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</sect4>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 xml:id="startup-file">
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<title>Shell Startup File Method</title>
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<para>This method is not recommended as each shell that is used requires
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manual configuration, where each shell has a different configuration file
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and differing syntax. As an example, to set the German
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language for the <command>sh</command> shell, these
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lines could be added to <filename>~/.profile</filename> to set the shell for that user only.
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Thse lines could also be added to <filename>/etc/profile</filename> or
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<filename>/usr/share/skel/dot.profile</filename> to set that shell for all users:</para>
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<para>This method is not recommended as each shell that is
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used requires manual configuration, where each shell has a
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different configuration file and differing syntax. As an
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example, to set the German language for the
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<command>sh</command> shell, these lines could be added to
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<filename>~/.profile</filename> to set the shell for that
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user only. Thse lines could also be added to
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<filename>/etc/profile</filename> or
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<filename>/usr/share/skel/dot.profile</filename> to set
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that shell for all users:</para>
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<programlisting><envar>LANG=de_DE.ISO8859-1; export LANG</envar>
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<envar>MM_CHARSET=ISO-8859-1; export MM_CHARSET</envar></programlisting>
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<para>However, the name of the configuration file and the
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syntax used differs for the
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<command>csh</command> shell. These are the equivalent
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settings for <filename>~/.csh.login</filename>,
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<filename>/etc/csh.login</filename>, or
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<filename>/usr/share/skel/dot.login</filename>:</para>
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<para>However, the name of the configuration file and the
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syntax used differs for the <command>csh</command> shell.
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These are the equivalent settings for
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<filename>~/.csh.login</filename>,
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<filename>/etc/csh.login</filename>, or
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<filename>/usr/share/skel/dot.login</filename>:</para>
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<programlisting><envar>setenv LANG de_DE.ISO8859-1</envar>
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<envar>setenv MM_CHARSET ISO-8859-1</envar></programlisting>
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@ -604,45 +607,40 @@ keychange="<replaceable>fkey_number sequence</replaceable>"</programlisting>
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<sect1 xml:id="l10n-compiling">
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<title>Compiling <acronym>i18n</acronym> Programs</title>
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<para>The &os;
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<link xlink:href="&url.base;/ports/index.html">&os; Ports
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Collection</link> contains programs which provide
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application support for wide or multibyte characters for several languages.
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Refer to the <acronym>i18n</acronym> documentation in the
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respective &os; port
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for more information on how to configure the application correctly or to
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determine which compile options to use when building the
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port.</para>
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<para>The &os; <link xlink:href="&url.base;/ports/index.html">&os;
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Ports Collection</link> contains programs which provide
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application support for wide or multibyte characters for several
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languages. Refer to the <acronym>i18n</acronym> documentation
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in the respective &os; port for more information on how to
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configure the application correctly or to determine which
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compile options to use when building the port.</para>
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<para>Some things to keep in mind are:</para>
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<para>Some things to keep in mind are:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Language specific single C chars character sets
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such as ISO8859-1, ISO8859-15, KOI8-R, and CP437. These
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are described in &man.multibyte.3;.</para>
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</listitem>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Language specific single C chars character sets such as
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ISO8859-1, ISO8859-15, KOI8-R, and CP437. These are
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described in &man.multibyte.3;.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Wide or multibyte encodings such as EUC and
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Big5.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Wide or multibyte encodings such as EUC and Big5.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>The active list of character sets can be found at the
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<link
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xlink:href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA
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Registry</link>.</para>
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<para>The active list of character sets can be found at the <link
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xlink:href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA
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Registry</link>.</para>
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<note>
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<para>&os; uses Xorg-compatible locale encodings
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instead.</para>
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</note>
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<note>
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<para>&os; uses Xorg-compatible locale encodings instead.</para>
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</note>
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<para>In the &os; Ports Collection, <acronym>i18n</acronym>
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applications include <literal>i18n</literal> in their names
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for easy identification. However, they do not always support
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the language needed.</para>
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<para>In the &os; Ports Collection, <acronym>i18n</acronym>
|
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applications include <literal>i18n</literal> in their names for
|
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easy identification. However, they do not always support the
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language needed.</para>
|
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|
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<para>Many applications in the &os; Ports Collection have been
|
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ported with <acronym>i18n</acronym> support. Some of these
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|
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